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Assessing production and well-being responses of laying hens in aviary housing to management practices – A collaborative study
between ISU & ICF
Constant Open Door (COD) vs. Part-time Open Door
(POD) with or w/o Experienced Hens in Aviary House
3 m
2.5
m
1.8 m
12
3
5
8
10
7
11
6
4
1 Nest area
2 Egg belt
3 Nipple drinker
4 Folding grill door
5 Perches
6 Sliding door
7 Cage gate
8 Feeders
9 Air duct
10 Manure belt
911 litter floor
Jofran Oliveira & Dr. Hongwei Xin (ISU); Darrin Eckard & Dr. Craig Rowles (ICF)
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Objectives and Hypothesis of the Study
Objectives
1) Assess the effect of daily part-time system door closure on hens
2) Assess the effect of introducing experienced hens in a new flock
Hypotheses
1) Daily part-time closure does not compromise hen well-being or performance while enhancing nest-training and reducing floor eggs.
2) Introducing experienced hens to new flock may “teach” pullets in using nest box, hence reducing floor eggs.
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Methodology: Treatment Assignments
• R = Row, S = Section
• Small sections = 857 birds, Large sections = 1,714 birds
• Lights on at 5:15 h, POD open doors at 10:50 h, Lights off (POD doors closed) at 21:00 h
• Study started: 11/27/16 (birds at 17 WOA). Results to date: 08/30/17 (birds at 55 WOA)
End sections not used
Constant open door with experienced hens
Constant open door w/o experienced hens
Part-time open door with experienced hens
Part-time open door w/o experienced hens
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Results to Date (19-55 WOA): Floor eggs
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
Cumulative (COD - Open) Cumulative (POD - Part time)
Cu
mu
lati
ve f
loo
r e
ggs
pe
r 1
00
0
bir
ds
ho
use
d
Reduction of 84 %
Constant Open Door (COD) Part-time Open Door (POD)
6,300
1,035
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
COD - Open POD - Part time
Bir
ds
ou
tsid
e s
yste
m a
t n
igh
t (%
)
Reduction of 84 %
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Results to Date: Hens outside system at night
Constant Open Door (COD) Part-time Open Door (POD)
0.067
0.011
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Results to Date: Body weight
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
COD-E(Open/Experienced)
COD-P (Open/Pullets) POD-E (Parttime/Experienced)
POD-P (Parttime/Pullets)
Bo
dy
We
igh
t(l
b)
COD + EH COD - EH POD - EHPOD + EH
3.4 3.4 3.3 3.3
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Results to Date: BW uniformity
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
COD-E(Open/Experienced)
COD-P (Open/Pullets) POD-E (Parttime/Experienced)
POD-P (Parttime/Pullets)
Un
ifo
rmit
y (%
)
COD + EH COD - EH POD - EHPOD + EH
83.1 84.9 86.7 84.9
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Results to Date: Cumulative mortality
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Cum_COD-E Cum_COD-P Cum_POD-E Cum_POD-P
Cu
mu
lati
ve m
ort
alit
y ra
te (
%)
COD + EH COD - EH POD - EHPOD + EH
5.9
4.6
5.6 5.6
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Results to Date: Litter accumulation on floor
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
1 2
Litt
er
rem
ove
d (
lb/1
00
he
ns/
day
)
1st Removal (April 12, 2017) – Cold Weather
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
1 2Li
tte
r re
mo
ved
(lb
/10
0 h
en
s/d
ay)
2nd Removal (August 13, 2017) – Warm Weather
Reduction of 63 % as is and 51% dry basis by POD
Reduction of 49 % as is and 40 % dry basis by POD
Dry
Dry Dry
Dry
Constant Open Door (COD) Part-time Open Door (POD) Constant Open Door (COD) Part-time Open Door (POD)
4.9
2.6
1.81.3
3.8
2.8
1.9 1.7
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Results to Date: Litter moisture content
0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
1 2Li
tte
r m
ois
ture
co
nte
nt
(%)
2nd Removal (August 13, 2017) – Warm Weather
0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
1 2
Litt
er
mo
istu
re c
on
ten
t (%
)
1st Removal (April 12, 2017) – Cold Weather
Constant Open Door (COD) Part-time Open Door (POD) Constant Open Door (COD) Part-time Open Door (POD)
44.9
28.5 28.1
15.2
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Results to Date: Litter floor access
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
12
AM
1 A
M
2 A
M
3 A
M
4 A
M
5 A
M
6 A
M
7 A
M
8 A
M
9 A
M
10
AM
11
AM
12
PM
1 P
M
2 P
M
3 P
M
4 P
M
5 P
M
6 P
M
7 P
M
8 P
M
9 P
M
10
PM
11
PMNo
. of
bir
ds
view
ed
in IR
imag
e
Time of day
COD
POD
Time: 10:49:45 AM
Time: 10:50:00 AM
Time: 10:50:15 AM
Time: 10:50:30 AM
Time: 10:50:45 AM
Time: 10:52:00 AM
Time: 10:55:00 AM
Time: 11:06:00 AM
Time: 11:30:00 AM
Time: 07:14:45 PM
Time: 07:30:15 PM
Time: 07:55:00 PM
Time: 08:55:00 PM
Time: 08:57:00 PM
Time: 08:59:00 PM
Time: 09:01:00 PM
Time: 09:01:15 PM
Time: 09:01:30 PM
Time: 10:49:45 AM
Time: 10:50:00 AM
Time: 10:50:15 AM
Time: 10:50:30 AM
Time: 10:50:45 AM
Time: 10:52:00 AM
Time: 10:55:00 AM
Time: 11:06:00 AM
Time: 11:30:00 AM
0
1
2
3
4
5
1 2Li
tte
r d
ep
th (
in)
Mean Max Min
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Results to Date: Ammonia level
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
1 2
Am
mo
nia
co
nce
ntr
atio
n (
pp
m)
Mean Max Min
Constant Open Door (COD) Part-time Open Door (POD) Constant Open Door (COD) Part-time Open Door (POD)
34
10
24
8
4.2
1.41.1
0.5
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Take-Home Messages (to date)
1) Continuous access to litter, as compared to part-time access (i.e., after peak lay in the morning), has:
a) much more floor eggs
b) much more litter on floor, caking
c) higher ammonia levels
d) No difference in body weight or uniformity
2) Introducing “older hens” seems to have no effect.
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Future Plan
Continue data collection till end of the flock1)
Collect welfare data near end of the flock2)
Conduct more detailed data analysis3)
Disseminate study results through conference presentations, 4)EIC Forum, peer-review journal publications
15
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