Beta Analytic Presentation at NNFCC Conference - Linking Bio-Based Materials to Renewable Energy Production

8/7/2019 Beta Analytic Presentation at NNFCC Conference - Linking Bio-Based Materials to Renewable Energy Production

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Carbon 14, what is it and how is it measured?Quantifying Biobased Content of Materials Using ASTM-D6866

Alex ShroffBeta Analytic Inc.

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Quantifying BiobasedContent of MaterialsUsing ASTM-D6866

March 1st 2011Linking Bio-based Materials to Renewable Energy Production


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Overview

Background ofBiobased

Background ofASTM D6866

Use in ProductCertification

Application ofASTM D6866

Beta Analyticbackground

Conclusion

Background of Biobased

Background of ASTM D6866

Use in certification of Biobased products

Applications of ASTM D6866

Background of Beta Analytic

Conclusion



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Conclusion

What is Biobased ?

US Department of Agricultures

definition:

ASTM-D6866 results are to be consistent with this definition

Carbonates of natural mineral origin are to be excluded

Mass of component is factored out

Renewably Sourced Carbon

Total Organic Carbon

A single value is applicable across industries

Premise: Use less petroleum



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Conclusion

Naturally occurring

in all biomass,absent in fossil fuels

ASTM D6866 measures it.

Carbon-14Quantifying BiobasedContent of MaterialsUsing ASTM-D6866


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Conclusion

Carbon-14 is ubiquitous in all living things.

But it doesnt stick around.

It slowly and gradually decays away after death, so that by50,000 years theres none left.

Coal and fossil-derived materials do not have any

carbon-14 whereas biomass does.



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Conclusion


Biomass CO2

Fossil Fuel CO2

Take a good look, Identical?

Carbon-14

Theyre NOT the same!

No Carbon-14


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Conclusion

STEP 1: Ongoing formation and decay of radiocarbon within the atmosphere

Nitrogen ( 14N ) + cosmic neutrons Radiocarbon (14C)

Radiocarbon immediately oxidizes Carbon dioxide (14CO2)

The radiocarbon immediately starts to decay (T1/2 = 5730 years)

14N + n 14C

14C Decay 14CO2

Constant amount of radiocarbon

in the atmosphere as CO2

STEP 2: Radiocarbon is removed from the atmosphere by plants

STEP 3: Disequilibrium begins upon death

The Radiocarbon Cycle



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Conclusion



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Conclusion

0 50,000 yrs

If it were 100%petroleum derived

If it were 50 % corn-based &50% petroleum derived

Regardless of the percentage oftotal carbon in the product



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Conclusion

ASTM-D6866 is a standardization of

radiocarbon dating methods used by

archaeologists to determine the age of

fossils.

Methods that have been in use for 60 years

(mature technology)



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Conclusion

Expertise

Laboratories

Supply Lines

Venders

Complete pre-existing infrastructure

Well-known sources of error

Raw materials

Instrumentation

and being a mature industry . . .Quantifying BiobasedContent of MaterialsUsing ASTM-D6866


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Conclusion


USDA BioPreferred Program

BioPreferred Voluntary Labeling Program

Began February 2011

Consumer product label

Minimum biobased content 25%(Not BioPreferred procurement products)

Biobased % listed on label

ASTM D6866 used to determine percentage

More information: www.biopreferred.gov
http://www.biopreferred.gov/http://www.biopreferred.gov/


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Conclusion


Vinotte OK Biobased

Eco-label which indicates a products biobased content the more stars in the logo, the higher biobased content. Products must be at least 20% biobased according to ASTM D6866 results to obtain the OK Biobased logo

Japan BioPlastics Association BiomassPla

BiomassPla certification and labeling system certifies biomass-based plastic products. Plastic products must contain biomass-derived components measured using ASTM D6866 to qualify.

EcoLogo (Canada)

Program certifies a broad range of commercial products. Standard for hand sanitizers CCD-170 requires biobased content testing via ASTM D6866.

Sustainable Biomaterials Collaborative

Released a list of purchasing specifications called BioSpecs. Food service ware must be at least be 95% biobased according to ASTM D6866 to qualify for a rating.

ICC Evaluation Service, Inc.

Issued a guideline outlining the requirements for obtaining an ICC-ES Verification of Attributes Report. The Evaluation Building materials are recommended to have ASTM D6866 measurements.

Green Electronics Council EPEAT Program

Aids purchasers assess and select electronic products based on environmental attributes.

Verification of the biobased content is determined with ASTM D6866.

Other Product Certification Programs


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Conclusion

Quantifying BiobasedContent of MaterialsUsing ASTM-D6866 ASTM International

Standardized through ASTM D6866

CEN (European Committee for Standardization) Standardized through CEN 15440 (CEN 15747)

EU-ETS (EU Emission Trading Scheme) Recommends CEN 15747 for refuse-derived fuels

ROCs (Renewable Obligation Program UK) Currently being Approved Program based on energy instead of CO2. Calculation being evaluated by OFGEM for each project application

US EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) Required to report carbon-neutral CO2 in waste and blended alternative fuels

Required for waste derived biofuels and recommended for imported blended biofuels

ARB (California Air Resources Board)

Required to report carbon-neutral CO2 in waste and blended alternative fuels

TCR (The Climate Registry) Measuring biogenic emissions from biofuels, waste fuels, and biomass co-firing.

WCI (Western Climate Initiative) For combustion units using mixed fuels and waste-derived fuels

Australia Greenhouse and Energy Reporting

Determine the amounts of each kind of fuel in blended liquid or solid fuels.

Alternative fuel biomass determination:C14 Dating internationally recognized


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Conclusion


The manufacturer submitted 3 samples

Radiocarbon Dating Results were . . .

69 % BiobasedProduct A

78 % BiobasedProduct B

70 % BiobasedProduct C

After the analyses, the manufacturer informed the lab that A, B, & C were allthe same product and an error must be present in the result for Product B

BA C

ASTM-D6866 determined the biobased content & revealed a quality control issue.

Working Example : Surprises


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Conclusion


This product contains 50% less petroleum than our previous formulas

Immediately understood by the public

Positive public image and reception

Brings value to your assemblers, distributorsand retailers

50 % biobased also means 50% less petroleum carbon.

consider this in the marketing of your biobased products

MARKETING PERSPECTIVE


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Conclusion


LEGAL PERSPECTIVE PRODUCT DEFENSE

If you are doing any kind of product discovery, product market

protection, or any purpose that may entail commercial or legalrepercussions, we recommend 3-4 analyses per material.

If you are submitting materials to the USDAs BioPreferred Program or

other certification, we recommend 2 analyses per material for bettercredibility and averaging.

If you are doing R&D or product development, generally onemeasurement is fine.

An ASTM-D6866 analysis is routine, but complex it is a one offmeasurement


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Conclusion


Considerations in using ASTM-D6866

Ensure a representative sample is analyzed

Consider the homogeneity of your product

The reported result will be unique to the actual material analyzed

All carbon components must be either fossil or contemporary(respiring carbon within last 10 years)

If carbonates of natural mineral origin account for > 3% ofthe total carbon in the product, it must be subtracted out ofthe Biobased Content.


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Conclusion

Easy Inter-comparison

Simple Visual Report

Instinctively Obvious


Reporting


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Conclusion

How long does it take to get a result?

4-7 Business Days

How much does it cost?

395 per analysis

Time and CostQuantifying BiobasedContent of MaterialsUsing ASTM-D6866


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Conclusion

ISO 17025

Highest level of recognized quality any testing laboratory can attain

Recognized by every major certification program

Beta Analytic was awarded the ISO/IEC 17025: 2005 accreditation

Only provider of radiocarbon determinations in the world with ISO

17025 Accreditation



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Conclusion

30 years in business, considered the leader of our field

Fast turn-around times (as little as 24 hours)

Confidentiality of all results

Large throughput operation [52 LSC counters, 2 mass spectrometers,2 accelerator mass spectrometers, 16 chemistry lines]

20 dedicated full-time professionals, no part-time students learningon your samples

ISO/IEC 17025:2005 accredited

Company BackgroundQuantifying BiobasedContent of MaterialsUsing ASTM-D6866


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Conclusion

Biobased materials are derived from renewable biologicalresources

Carbon-14 is present in biobased materials and absent in fossilfuel-derived materials

ASTM D6866 can be used on any material type (solid, liquids,gases)

ASTM D6866 is used in major certification programs including the

USDA BioPreferred Voluntary Label for Biobased Products

Biobased content testing is an offsite analysis; results reportedas % biobased versus % fossil-derived

ConclusionQuantifying BiobasedContent of MaterialsUsing ASTM-D6866


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Conclusion

United States (HQ)4985 SW 74 CourtMiami, Florida 33155Tel: +1 305 662 7760

[email protected]

WWW.BETALABSERVICES.COM

Alex [email protected]


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London BioScience Innovation Centre2 Royal College StreetLondon NW10NHUnited KingdomTel: +(44) 020 7617 7490Email: [email protected]

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Nagoya 468-0007JapanTel: +(81) 52 802 0703Email: [email protected]: www.betalabservices.com/jp

China Forwarding FacilityBeta Analytic Inc.5/F South Block Tower C, Raycom InfoTech ParkNo.2 KeXueYuan South Road, Haidian District,

Beijing 100190ChinaTel: +(86) 10 8418 1950Email: [email protected]: http://www.radiocarbon.cn

Latin American Forwarding FacilityBeta Analytic Inc.Avenida das Naes Unidas, n 12.551 - 9 andarCep: 04578-000 - So Paulo

BrazilTel: +(55) 11 3958 8586Email: [email protected]

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Saket, New Delhi 110017IndiaTel: +(91) 9013020788Email: [email protected]

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AustraliaTel: +(61) 2 82053107Fax: +61 2 9959 3003
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]://www.betalabservices.com/jpmailto:[email protected]://www.radiocarbon.cn/mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]://www.radiocarbon.cn/mailto:[email protected]://www.betalabservices.com/jpmailto:[email protected]:[email protected]

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Beta Analytic Presentation at NNFCC Conference - Linking Bio-Based Materials to Renewable Energy Production