8-3-2000 1

8-3-2000 2

Introduction

• Share my experiences

• Learn from each other

• Understand tools/ applications

• Match tools/ application to needs

8-3-2000 3

Agenda

• Job planning/ record keeping

• Fishing for Junk

• Procedures to part pipe

• Open hole fishing

• Fishing in cavities

• Drilling fluids

• Fishing for parted pipe

• Cased hole fishing

• Jarring operations

• Fishing in laterals

• Casing repair

• Wireline fishing

8-3-2000 4

What is Fishing

• Fishing is the technology of removing any

undesirable object from the wellbore.

• It is an evolving thought process driven by

changing conditions.

• Keenness of insight tempered by experience is

required to avoid running out of options.

8-3-2000 5

Formula for success

• Mentor

• Visualization skills

• Communication skills

• Enjoy what you do

8-3-2000 6

W.I.I.F.M.

• Pride of achievement

• Develop customer base

• Increase job security

• Pay raises/Promotion/Travel

8-3-2000 7

Getting to know you

• Live in Friendswood, Texas

• Oilfield 42 years , 34/fishing

• Born in Texas

• Five year old grandson

8-3-2000 8

Quiz

• Gain knowledge; training needs

• Another at the end of classes

• All questions will be discussed

• Take one idea home

8-3-2000 9

Today’s Agenda

• Job planning; Record Keeping

• Fishing for Junk

• Pipe recovery methods

• Open hole fishing

8-3-2000 10

8-3-2000 11

Job Planning/ Record Keeping

• Half the job is in preparation.

• Do your homework thoroughly.

• Formulate a game plan.

• Get consensus;Co. man/ coordinator.

• Think of an alternate plan

8-3-2000 12

Cardinal Rules of Fishing

1. Know your dimensions:

• O.D., I.D., length of fish.

• O.D., I.D., length of fishing assembly.

• O.D., I.D., length of the work string.

• Know where the top of the fish is.

8-3-2000 13

2. Know all tensile and torsional

3. Never rotate the fish out of the hole.

4. Fast trip time is not always the best.

5. Must be OD fishable.

Cardinal Rules of Fishing

8-3-2000 14

6. Familiarize yourself with the fish.

• Make use of the composite catalog

• Technical manuals

• Manufacturers drawings

• Have an exact replica of the fish

Cardinal Rules of Fishing

8-3-2000 15

Maximum O.D. of Tools That Can be Washed Over

Casing Size Maximum Wash Pipe to Cover

O.D. I.D. Wt. O.D. O.D. I.D. Wt.

4-1/2 3.754 16.60 2-3/4 3-1/2 2.955 9.20

4-1/2 3.920 13.50 3-1/16 3-3/4 3.250 9.50

5 4.276 18.00 3-1/4 4 3.428 11.60

5-1/2 4.670 23.00 3-1/2 4-3/8 3.749 13.58

5-1/2 4.778 20.00 3-5/8 4-1/2 3.826 16.60

6 5.240 23.00 4-1/8 5 4.276 18.00

6-5/8 5.791 28.00 4-5/8 5-1/2 4.892 17.00

7 6.004 35.00 4-3/4 5-3/4 4.990 22.50

7 6.276 26.00 5-1/8 6 5.325 20.00

8-3-2000 16

7-5.8 6.625 39.00 5-3/8 6-3/8 5.625 24.00

8-5/8 7.511 49.00 6 7 6.276 26.00

8-5/8 7.825 36.00 6-3/8 7-3/8 6.625 29.00

8-5/8 8.017 28.00 6-5/8 7-5/8 6.875 29.70

9-5/8 8.535 53.50 6-7/8 8-1/8 7.185 39.50

9-5/8 8.835 40.00 7-3/8 8-3/8 7.625 35.00

10-3/4 9.760 55.50 7-7/8 9 8.150 40.00

10-3/4 9.950 45.50 8-3/8 9-5/8 8.681 47.00

13-3/8 All WTS. 10-5/8 11=3/4 10.88 54.00

16 All WTS. 12 13=38 12.415 68.00

Minimum Size Casing Maximum Tools to Run Wash Pipe to Cover With

8-3-2000 17

• Hole

• Casing

• Fish & work string

• Jars

• Operations at time of incident

Important Details

8-3-2000 18

Arriving on Location

• Introduce yourself to Co. man

• Verify all pertinate information

• Record BHA/ pipe in hole/driller

• Count all work string on location

8-3-2000 19

• Tie off any pipe in derrick

• Clean out V door, mark first joint

• On first trip out, strap out of hole

• Verify pipe count/ top of the fish

Arriving on Location

8-3-2000 20

Accurate Top of Fish

• Stay with these numbers

• Use In/out method, check mistakes

• Ask Drillers to notify you if they pick up

or lay down any pipe

8-3-2000 21

In and Out MethodOut In

D.O.K. 23.65 Shoe 4.60

B.H.A. 311.35 3 Jts. WP 95.96

1Std. D.P. 94.00 Sfty. Jt. 2.75

Total out 429.00 Jars 6.90

Total In 411.66 X-over 1.45

Diff. &Dok 17.34 Tools 111.66

10 D.C. 300.00

B.H.A. 411.66

19 Std. DP 1786.00

2197.66

D.O.K. 17.34

T.O.F. 2215.00

8-3-2000 22

In and Out Method

• To change from overshot to washpipe string

• Tally length of string, plus kelly to TOF

• Compute laid out length including DOK

• Subtract picked up from laid down

• The difference is DOK with new string

• Total out must exceed total up to use this

formula.

8-3-2000 23

Calculate Top of Fish Example

• Twisted off while drilling @ 4,000

• Recovered 3,895.73 including DOK

• Made Bit trip; tag fish with 37 DOK

• Subtract the (in) from the (out)

• Difference will be length DOK

8-3-2000 24

Out = kelly+fish

Bit sub& bit 4.45

Jars & subs 39.28

4 D.C. 123.54

D.O.K. 37.00

Total out 204.27

Total in 180.31

D.O.K. 23.96

In = Fishing String

Tools 24.48

5 D.C. 155.83

180.31

In-Out Method

8-3-2000 25

K.B. Measurements

• The Standard Oilfield Measurement to any

depth down hole is recorded from ground

level, plus the distance to the kelly

bushing[KB] on the rig that drilled the

well.

• This is called the original elevation and is

recorded in the well file.

• If a workover rig is later employed , the

difference in this rigs elevation from the

original one must be accounted for.

8-3-2000 26

• The difference in elevation is added to

or subtracted from the current pipe

tally in order to correlate with the

original well elevation.

• This can be of great importance in

some cases.

KB Measurements

8-3-2000 27

• Example: Original elevation is 30.

• Current elevation is 6.

• The difference of 24 must be added to

the current pipe tally so that

downhole depths will correlate.

KB Measurements

8-3-2000 28

Official Well Depth

Official well depth = hole depth plus

elevation

Where:

• hole depth = ground level to TD

• elevation = ground level to KB [on the

rig that drilled the well]

8-3-2000 29

Tally Book Rules

• Accurate, legible & current

• Time, date, trip/ job number

• Brief description/each trip

• Any accidents should be recorded

• As if to pass on to relief man

• Keep book for future reference

8-3-2000 30

Well Data

• Last casing: 8-5/8 x 28# @ 5611

• 7-7/8” HOLE: T D @ 9557’

• Bit stuck 74’ off bottom @ 9483’

• Angle of hole = 35%

• Wt.9.8#; Vis. 36 = WL= 20 YP = 10

8-3-2000 31

Fish in Hole

1. 7-7/8 Rock Bit with 4-1/2 Reg. Pin .70

2. Mud Motor x 6-1/2” x 2-7/8 x 4-1/2 Reg. double box 20.50

3. 4-1/2 X.H. box x 4-1/2 Reg. Pin sub 1.89

4. Pony drill collar x 6-1/4 x 3.oo x 4-1/2 X.H. 10.63

5. 6-1/4 x 7-7/8 stabilizer x 4-1/2 X.H. x 2-3/8 I.D. F.N.=1.10 4.55

6. Float Subx 6-1/4 x 2-3/8 I.D. 2.23

7. M/S subx 6-1/4 x 2-3/8 x 4-1/2 X.H. 2.65

8. M.W.D. x 6-1/2 x 2-7/8 x 4-1/2 X.H. 31.10

9. Monel drill collar x 6-1/2 x 2-1/2 x 4-1/2 X.H. 30.70

10. 9 x drill collars x 6-1/4 2-3/4 x 4-1/2 X.H. 272.08

378.92

8-3-2000 32

Example:Tally Book

5-3/4 od x 4-13/16 id: bu = 5.90 serial # w 8925 5-3/4 bos w/2-7/8 bas.Grap.& mcpo: 2.75

5-3/4 od x 4-3/4 id serial # w 2435 5-3/4 bos extension 3.10

FN .85 x 4-3/4 x 2-3/8 id serial # w 8925 3-1/2 if top sub x 5-3/4 os 1.10

4-3/4 od x 2 id serial # B 1461 4-3/4 bbj x 3-1/2 if conn. 9.90

4-3/4 x 3-1/8 id serial # B 124 4-3/4 boj x 3-1/2 if conn. 10.75

4-3/4 x 2-3/8 id rig Six x 4-3/4 drill collars x 3-1/2 if conn. 184.90

4-5/8 x 2-7/16 id serial # w 222 2-7/8 x 8rd. box x 3-1/2 if pin sub 1.50

BHA 214.00

rig 180 joints 2-7/8 x 8rd tubing 5625.00

5839.00

Down on single 11.00

TOF 5950.00

Trip# 1 @ 2:00 pm 2-4-98 Union Oil

8-3-2000 33

Oilfield abbreviations

R.P.M. - rounds per minute T.O.F. - top of fish

S.P.M. - strokes per minute M.D. - measured depth

W.O.B. - weight on bit T.V.D. - true vertical depth

B.H.A. - bottom hole assembly B.F. - buoyancy factor

W.O.C. - wait on cement D.P. - drill pipe

W.O.O. - wait on orders D.C. - drill collar

W.O.W. - wait on weather D.h - diameter of hole in inches

T.I.H. - trip in hole e - stretch in inches

P.O.H. - pull out hole P - over pull in pounds

G.L.M. - gallons per minute E.S.P. - estimated stuck point

A - annular velocity M.O.P. - margin of over pull

E.C.D. - equivalent circulation density N.P. - neutral point

F.V. - funnel viscosity O.P.T. - optimum

C.&C. - circulate and condition mud M.W. - mud weight in ppg

H.H.P. - hydraulic horsepower Lbs. - pounds

L.C. - loss circulation Len. - length in feet

L.C.D. - loss circulation material L.O.T. - leak off test

Y.P. - yield point B.O.P. - blow out preventor

W.L. - water loss S.L.M. - steel line measurement or strap in/out hole

8-3-2000 34

Window Milling

Depth R.P.M. S.P.M. W.O.B. Torque Time Minutes Feet

3284-85 88-116 65 1-2 1,000 00:15-01:00 45 1

86 116 65 3 12-18 01:30 30 2

87 116 65 4 11-15 01:45 15 3

88 116 65 4 12-16 01:55 10 4

89 116 65 4. 5 12-16 02:10 15 5

90 116 65 4. 5 12-14 02:25 15 6

91 116 65 4. 5 12-16 02:30 5 7

92 116 65 4. 5 10-18 02:33 3 8

8-3-2000 35

8-3-2000 36

Days Qty. Tool Description & Report Serial # Est. Price

1 1 8-3/8 SOD x 7-1/4 SID Scallop R.Shoe 2965 $ 2010.00

1 14 Jts. 8-1/8 o.d. wash-pipe ( 434 ) Pearland $ 985.00

1 1 4-1/2 if x 8-1/8 wp pin canfield bushing 21047 $ 390.00

1 1 6-1/4 od Bowen Fishing Jar x 4-1/2 if 9202071 $ 1450.00

1 1 8-1/8 wash pipe slips 96777 $ 275.00

Days Qty. Tool Description & Report Serial # Est. Price

T.I.H. Tagged top of fish @ 6572. Got over

T.O.F. and slacked off to the cement @ 6656.

Started milling over fish @ noon. Milled over

fish 12 hours from 6656 to 6710. Mill quite.

New Page for 03-16-99

Circulate hole clean and start P.O.H. @ 2.00

A.M.

Sub

Total

Previous

Total

$6402

$2895

$9297

Example Job Report

8-3-2000 37

8-3-2000 38

Drilling is impeded by junk in the hole

Junk will fit in

standard junk

basket?No

Run Poor Boy Junk basket, Magnet

or Junk Mill

Yes

FormationHardRun magnet

or jet basket

Jet Basket Magnet

Run magnet

Run jet basket w/no float to 30 ft.

above junk. Establish parameters

Wash down to top of junk while

circulating volume of DP.

Drop ball and circulate down. Once ball

has seated, circulate at maximum

pressure and work basket down to TD.

It is not necessary to cut core

TIH to 30 ft. above junk.

Establish parameters

Wash down to junk while

slowly rotating

Stop pumps and lower magnet

to bottom then POOH.

POOH

w/recoveryNo

Yes

Run junk

milling

assembly

Job complete

POOH

w/recovery

Run jet basket

(no float)

Soft Run Globe,

RCJB or jet

basket

Jet Basket

RCJB

Run RCJB w/no float to 30 ft. above

junk. Establish parameters.

Run Globe Basket with

or w/out float.

Wash down to top of junk while

circulating volume of DP.

TIH to 30 ft. above top of

junk and establish

parameters

Dropball and circulate down. Once ball has been

seated, circulate at maximum pressure and work basket

down to TD. Cut core equal to head and barrel

While rotating lower

basket down to junk and

cut core equal to barrel

capacity

Yes

POOH

W/Recovery

?No

Run junk

milling

assembly

Yes

POOH

w/recoveryYes

Yes

Job complete

8-3-2000 39

Junk in the Hole

• What is the junk? size, weight, condition?

• Is it magnetic?

• Will junk fit into standard junk basket?

• Is the junk millable?

• The choices are to pick it up or mill it up.

• May require a combination of tool runs.

8-3-2000 40

Fishing Magnets

• All small objects with magnetic attraction

• Run on pipe; capability/rotate/ circulate

• Must wash fish; surface/ magnetic pole

• Run boot basket above for small junk

• Most, but not all tungsten carbide bit inserts

are non-magnetic

8-3-2000 41

FISHING

MAGNET

8-3-2000 42

Boot Basket

8-3-2000 43

Complete Recommended Connection Maximum Bore Overall

Assembly Hole Sleeve Length

Number Size O.D. (in.) (in.)

471-000-4 4-1/8 x 4-1/2 2-3/8 Reg. 3 11/16 1 32

471-140 4 - 5/8 x 4- 7/8 2-7/8 Reg. 4 1 32-1/2

471-140 5 x 5-3/4 2-7/8 Reg. 4 1/2 1 32-1/2

471-145 5-7/8 x 6-3/8 3-1/2 Reg. 5 1 1/2 32-1/2

471-145 6-1/2 x 7-3/8 3-1/2 Reg. 5 1/2 1 1/2 32-1/2

471-150 7-1/2 x 8-1/8 4-1/2 Reg. 6 5/8 2 34

471-150 8-5/8 x 9-5/8 4-1/2 Reg. 7 2 34

471-160 9-5/8 x 11-3/8 6-5/8 Reg. 8 1/2 3 36

471-160 11-1/2 x 13 6-1/2 Reg 9 5/8 3 36

Weatherford Type P Boot Basket

8-3-2000 44

Fishing Magnets

• Adapters available to run on wireline

• Usually inside casing with clear fluid

• Prior to running, check charge, sledge hammer

• Will hold hammer, will hold junk

• OD magnet; 1/4 to 1 less/ hole size

8-3-2000 45

Procedure run Magnet

• TIH Stop approximately 30 from bottom

• Circulate and ream to bottom/ circulate all fill

off fish

• Slack off a little while rotating a few rounds

• Don’t rotate excessively

• A magnet is not a drilling tool

8-3-2000 46

Operating Procedure

• Rotary will slap as guide rakes fish/ face

• Cut Lip/ cripple type guide best suited

• Set 2,000# to 3,000# weight on magnet

• Stop circulation, POH don’t rotate

• Guide prevent fish rubbing off while POH

8-3-2000 47

Bowen Itco Type Junk Basket

• Soft to medium formation

• Top sub,barrel, carbide shoe

• Two free rotating catchers

• Mill O D 1/4” less hole size

• Carbide I D same as catchers

8-3-2000 48

Operation:Core Basket

• Ream last 30’ to bottom

• Slow pump rate & RPM

• Watch torque as junk rolls in

• Increase weight 2- 4,000 Lbs.

• Cut core: stop circulation/ rotary

• Pick up to break core

8-3-2000 49

Core Type Basket

• If no junk recovery is made, but a good core

is recovered, normal drilling may be

resumed.

• Because it cannot produce any reverse

circulating , the globe type basket is used

primarily in open hole.

8-3-2000 50

8-3-2000 51

Bowen Itco Type Junk Basket DimensionsBasket # Hole Size Shoe O.D. Barrel O.D Max. Fish

14590

14586

14595

14600

14506

14610

14615

14620

14625

14630

14635

14640

3-3/4x4-1/8

4-1/4x4-1/2

4-5/8x5

5-1/8x5-1/2

5-5/8x6

6-1/8x6-5/8

6-3/4x7-1/4

7-3/8x8-1/4

8-3/8x9-1/4

9-3/8x10-1/4

10-3/8x11-7/8

11-3/4x14-1/4

3-5/8x4-1/8

4-1/16x4-1/2

4-1/2x5

4-7/8x5-1/2

5-3/8x6

5-7/8x6-5/8

6-1/4x7-1/4

7-1/8x8-1/4

8-1/8x9-1/4

9-1/8x10-1/4

10-1/8x11-7/8

11-1/4x14-1/4

3-5/8

3-1/4

3-7/8

4-1/4

4-3/4

5-7/8

5-3/4

6-1/2

7-1/2

8-1/2

9-3/8

10-3/8

2-23/32

2-31/32

3-9/32

3-9/32

4-1/16

4-5/16

4-3/16

5-7/16

6-3/16

7-3/16

8-1/16

9-1/16

8-3-2000 52

Reverse Circulating

Junk Basket

• Circulate capacity of string

• Check ID’s/ insure ball will pass

• Drop ball: shear pins: reverse

• Not necessary to cut core

• Hyd. power deflects junk/barrel

• Preferred tool for hard formation

8-3-2000 53

Bowen (W7R) Reverse Circulation Junk Basket

Hole Size Barrel O.D. Max. Dia. Of Fish

3-3/4 x 4-1/8

4-1/4 x 4-1/2

4-5/8 x 5

5-1/8 x 5-1/2

5-5/8 x 6

6-1/8 x 7

7-1/8 x 7-1/2

7-5/8 x 8-1/2

8-5/8 x 9-1/2

9-5/8 x 10-3/8

11-3/4 x 13-3/8

3-5/8

4-1/8

4-1/2

4-7/8

5-3/8

5-7/8

6-3/4

7-5/16

8-3/16

9-1/8

11

2-3/4

3

3-3/8

3-5/8

4-1/16

4-5/8

5-1/4

5-5/8

6-1/2

7-1/8

8-5/8

8-3-2000 54

BOWEN FULL-FLOW REVERSE CIRCULATION

JUNK BASKET

8-3-2000 55

Bowen Full Flow Reverse Circulating

Hole Size

4-1/8x4-1/2

4-5/8x5

6-1/8x6-1/2

7-1/2x8-1/4

8-3/8x9-1/2

9-5/8x10-5/8

10-3/4x11-5/8

11-3/4x12-1/2

Barrel O.D.

4

4-1/2

5-3/4

7

7-7/8

9-1/8

10-1/8

11

Maximum Dia. Fish

2-1/2

3-1/16

4-3/8

5-1/8

6-1/16

7-1/16

7-11/16

8-5/16

8-3-2000 56

Cone Dimensions

• Know your dimensions

• 7-7/8” bit cone = 5-17/64” OD

• Bowen Itco Type Junk Basket: 7-1/8”OD

barrel x 5-28/64”ID

• Weatherford type H Junk Basket:

• 7-1/2” OD barrel x 5-40/64 ID

8-3-2000 57

8-3-2000 58

8-3-2000 59

Junk Shot

• Shaped charge to break up junk into smaller

pieces so it is fishable

• Circulate fill off junk

• Tag fish and fire shot

• Run in open hole only

8-3-2000 60

POOR BOY

BASKET

8-3-2000 61

Poor Boy Baskets

• Fish is too large for conventional baskets

• Should be 1/2 smaller than hole ID

• Dressed with finger type bottom

• Fingers bend in: catches junk

• Lead, rubber, chain or wrench

8-3-2000 62

Poor Boy Baskets

• Carbide,wire, dimple rings, rods

• Relies on friction

• Mild steel for bending

• Custom made for a particular job

• Usually one of a kind, used only once

8-3-2000 63

Peen Shoe

• Burned over packer

• Perforation gun

• Shepherds hook

• Drill pipe rubbers

8-3-2000 64

Wire Catcher

• Hammer

• Lead

• Rubber

• Chain

• 24” pipe wrench

8-3-2000 65

Spring Tine

• Small OD sub or mill

• Perforating gun

• Shepherd’s hook

8-3-2000 66

Spring Tine Basket

Given:Milling on junk inside 2.992 ID

• 2-7/8 O D mill twisted off at box leaving

fishing neck of 2-1/4 OD x .75 long

• Successfully recovered fish with 2-7/8 OD

spring tine shoe

8-3-2000 67

Available Overshots

• Series 150 x 2-7/8” OD ; Max. catch = 2-1/8

• Series 70 short catch to catch 2-1/4 is 3-5/8

• Series 10 slim hole x 2-13/16 with maximum

catch of 2.330 was unavailable

• Series 20 short catch x 2-7/8” o.d.: Max. catch =

2-5/16 was unavailable

8-3-2000 68

Match Tool With Junk to be Fished

Junk Fishing Tool

1. Drill Bit Cone

2. 24” pipe wrench

3. Tong Dies

4. Drill Bit

5. Chain

6. Hammer

7. Wire Rope

8. Rubber

9. Lead

10. Shepherd’s hook

A. Magnet

B. Mill

C. Boot basket

D. Core Type basket

E. Reverse Circ.

F. “Po-Boy” basket

G. Ping Shoe

H. Wire Catcher

I. Spring Tine basket

J. Rope spear

K. Impression block

L. Wash pipe

M. Rope spear 2 prong

N. Taper Tap

8-3-2000 69

Match Tool / Junk

Drill Bit Cone - A,D,E

Magnet if only one cone, Reverse basket or po-boy basket if more

than one cone.

24 pipe wrench - D,E,F,H

Core type basket, reverse circulating basket, po-boy basket, wire

catcher basket

Tong dies - A,D,E,F,H

Magnet, core type basket, reverse circulating basket, po-boy

basket, wire catcher basket

Drill Bit K,N

Chain - A,D,E,F,H

8-3-2000 70

Hammer - A,D,E,F,G,H

Magnet, core type basket, reverse circulating basket, po-boy

basket, wire catcher basket

Wire Rope - J

Rubber - D,E,F,H

Core type basket, reverse circulating basket, po-boy basket, wire

catcher basket

Lead - D,E,F,H

Shepherd’s Hook - G,H,I

Ping shoe, wire catcher basket, spring tine basket

Perforating Gun - G,H,I

Match Tool/Junk

8-3-2000 71

BladedFlat Bottom

Junk Mills

8-3-2000 72

Mills

• Surest: more time consuming

• Run with boot basket

• Can spud lightly: break up junk

• Run 1/4” less than bit size

• Smooth OD, stabilizer pads/casing

8-3-2000 73

Mills

• Insert type best for pipe anchored

• Chatter and vibration are detrimental

• Use shock sub to cut down on vibration

• Carbide performs well in all conditions

• Neither performs well in abrasive formations

8-3-2000 74

Milling Rates:Surface Feet per MinuteCrushed carbide mills = 150 to 200 S.F.P.M.

Carbide insert mills = 150 to 300 S.F.P.M.

Surface Feet Per Minute = Mill Diameter X R.P.M. X .262

Example: Mill Dia. = 7”, RPM = 120, What is the SFPM ?

7” Mill X 180 RPM X .262 = 330 SFPM

R.P.M. = SFPM \ Dia. Mill X 3.82

Example: 330 SFPM \ 7” Mill X 3.82 = 180 RPM.

8-3-2000 75

8-3-2000 76

8-3-2000 77

Backoff Jet Cut Chemical Cut

8-3-2000 78

Ways to Part Pipe

• Controlled back-off (string shot)

• Chemical cutter

• Jet cutter

• Severing tool

• Mechanical cutters

8-3-2000 79

Stretch Formula

Any coupled Pipe

K = 1.4 ÷ weight of pipe per foot

Integral Joint tubing or drill pipe

K = 1.5 ÷ weight of pipe per foot

1,000,000 x inches in stretch

K x pounds of over pull

=Free Pipe

8-3-2000 80

Example

Packer set at 8,000 w/2-3/8 N80 tubing

String weight of 37,600; Mark pull @ 57,600

20,000# over pull; had 48 of stretch

1.4 ÷ 4.7 = .2978 (K)

1,000,000 x 48 = 48,000,000 = 8,059 free

.2978 x 20,000 5956

Conclusion? Stuck at Packer

8-3-2000 81

Est. Stuck Pt. = Tapered String

Measure stretch in inches with the following

overpulls:

• 2-7/8 D.P. = 25,000 lbs.

• 3-1/2 D.P. = 30,000 lbs.

• 4-1/2 D.P. = 35,000 lbs.

• 5 D.P. = 40,000 lbs.

8-3-2000 82

Formula for Tapered String

E.S.P. = 735,294 x e x W + L [1 - W2 ] P

W1

L = Length of big pipe ( above liner )

L = Length of small pipe (in or below liner)

W = Plain end weight of big dp (wo/tool Jt)

W = Plain end weight of small dp (wo/T.Jt)

e = Stretch in inches

P = Over pull

8-3-2000 83

Example Estimated Stuck Point

• What is the estimated stuck point for this

tapered string?

• Given: L = 10,000 & L = 2,200

• Plain end W = 17.93 lbs/ft ( 5x 19.5# )

• Plain end W = 12.31 lbs/ft (3-1/2 x 13.30)

• Stretch = 41 Over pull = 40,000 lbs.

8-3-2000 84

Observation

• If E.S.P.>L Stuck point is in or below L

• If E.S.P.<L Stuck point is in the upper string

and the formula ( method 2 ) should be used

and the estimated stuck point recalculated.

8-3-2000 85

Results of Formula

E.S.P.=735,294 x 41 x 12.31 + 10,000 [ 1- 12.31 ] = 12,412

40,000 17.93

• Since E.S.P.( 12,412 ) is > L (10,000 ), stuck

point is at or below L.

• This pipe is stuck in the B.H.A.

• The number 735,294 is a fixed constant.

8-3-2000 86

Method # 2

E.S.P. = 735,294 x e x Wdp

P

Where:

• e = Stretch

• Wdp = Plain end weight of dp(wo/T.Jt)

• P = Over pull

8-3-2000 87

Example

What is the estimated stuck point for this non-

tapered drill string?

Given:

D.P. = 12,500 of 5, 19.5 lb/ft plain end (tube)

wt. = 17.93 lb/ft

Stretch = 30

Over pull = 40,000 lbs.

8-3-2000 88

Results of Formula

E.S.P.= 735,294 x 30 x 17.93 = 9750

40,000

This number indicates that the pipe is stuck in

the 5 inch pipe.

8-3-2000 89

Calculations for Free Point in Stuck Drill Pipe

Single or Tapered Strings

Enter the Information in the Red cells below, an estimated free point will be calculated

Stretch in inches 41 Measure Stretch in Inches

Overpull in Pounds 40,000 the Following Overpull(s)

Length of Larger Drill Pipe 10,000

Length of Smaller Drill Pipe 2,200 2-7/8" DP 25,000.00

Plain-end weight of Larger Drill Pipe 17.93 3-1/2" DP 30,000.00

Plain-end weight of Smaller Drill Pipe 12.31 4-1/2" DP 35,000.00

Weight per/ft w / tool jt. on single string Drill Pipe 19.5 5" DP 40,000.00

EFP = Estimated Free Point EFP

Method #1 single string of drill pipe 13,325 Use the following Weights

For Drill Pipe

EFP Plain End W / Tool Jt.

Method #2 single string of drill pipe 13,513 2-7/8" DP 9.72 10.40

3-1/2" DP 12.31 13.30

EFP 3-1/2" DP 14.63 15.50

Method #3 Tapered String Larger / Smaller Drill Pipe 12,412 4" DP 12.93 14.00

4" DP 14.69 15.70

4-1/2" DP 14.96 16.60

Note: If Stuck point is Less than the length of Larger Drill Pipe 4-1/2" DP 18.69 20.00

use the answer from Method #1 or #2 5" DP 17.93 19.50

8-3-2000 90

Cable

HeadCollar Locator

Sinker Bars

(Weights)

Slip

Joint

(12”or

24”)

Oscillator

Upper Bow

Spring Assembly

(1” to 10”)

Stresstector™

Lower Bow

Spring Assembly

Free Point Tool

An electronic strain guage run

on a single conductor cable

used to measure torque or

stretch in a string of stuck pipe.

Tools are anchored to the pipe

I.D. at two fixed points by either

bow springs, dogs or magnets.

8-3-2000 91

Avoid pulling pipe into the

wall/ free point with torque

Pipe sticking here while

free pointing with

stretch, appears jars not

working below

Fishing Jars

Bumper Sub

Stuck Point

8-3-2000 92

Pipe Recovery Log

• Along with the free point, a pipe recovery log is

usually required to determine the best fishing

procedure.

• The pipe recovery log utilizes a sonic system

which sets up a vibration in the stuck pipe.

8-3-2000 93

Pipe Recovery Log

• The vibration, measured by a receiver,

decreases at stuck intervals in proportion

to the severity of the stuck condition.

• The logging instrument is calibrated in known

free pipe, normally near the bottom of

the last casing string.

8-3-2000 94

Pipe Recovery Log

• After recording, a signal attenuation scale is

placed on the log.

• This scale, expressed in percentages,

accurately indicates the severity of stuck

conditions at each interval.

8-3-2000 95

String Shot Backoff

A String Shot is the primacord and

blasting cap used to part a string of pipe.

A string shot Backoff is the unscrewing of

a tool joint or coupling with explosives at

a predetermined depth.

8-3-2000 96

Where to Back- 0ff?

Do you intend to fish the well?

No - As deep as you can

Yes - At least one joint above stuck point

Two joints above a key seat

100 feet below a casing seat

Not immediately below a dog leg or a

drop of angle

8-3-2000 97

Where to Back - Off ?

8-3-2000 98

Advantages of String Shot

• Can run in combination with free point tool

• Can run through smaller ID than cutters

• The shot should not damage the connection,

however lay shot joints down for inspection.

8-3-2000 99

Five Requirements for a Back Off

• Free - Connection must be free

• Torque - Correct left hand torque is needed

• Weight - Must be at neutral weight

• Shot - Proper size shot is required

• Across Tool Joint - The shot must be across the tool joint when fired

8-3-2000 100

Torque Required

• Tbg. 1/2 to1 1to11/2 3/4 to 11/4

• D.P. 1/2 3/4 to 1 1/2 to 3/4

• Csg.1/8 to1/4 1/4 to 1/2 1/8 to 1/4

Free Point Tighten Back-Off

8-3-2000 101

Shot Chart Example

Grains Per Foot

Mud 5000 10000 15000

4-1/2 10 200 300 350

14 300 350 400

18 300 350 400

8-3-2000 102

Other Uses S.Shot

• Outside back off

• Jar shot to free test plug out of well head

• Knock nozzles out of bit

• Knock plastic or corrosion off ID of pipe

8-3-2000 103

Pup Joints

• Use Pup Joints when doing wireline work

• Figure top fish/ space out/pup joints

• Easier working at rotary/ 20 in air

• Saves operator time and money

• Promotes safe work environment

8-3-2000 104

Chemical Cutter

Advantages

Flare Free Fish

Leaves No Debris

Will not damage adjacent string

Disadvantages

Heavy mud/problems

Limitations on depth

Slips can punch through corroded tubing

8-3-2000 105

Chemical Cutter

• Preferred method for tubing

• Must have fluid in hole

• Fluid prevents tool from jumping up the

hole

• Fire with 10,000 up strain

• 85% success rate

8-3-2000 106

Jet Cutters

Sizes available from 1-5/32” to 12”

OD to Cut 1.660” to 13-3/8” casing

Jet cutter works on the shaped

charge principle

Used to cut corroded tubing

Cutter will leave a slightly flared fish

8-3-2000 107

Super Jet Cutter

Works on same shaped

charge principal using more

explosives

Cutting deeper and under

higher hydrostatic

Will damage casing, used

mostly for P. and A.

8-3-2000 108

Severing Tool

• 2-5/8 O D tool will sever up to

11OD drill collars

• Used in open hole only

• Sizes available 1-3/8”to2-5/8”

8-3-2000 109

Severing Tool

Used mostly as a sidetrack

tool due to bad flaring

and splitting which

makes fishing difficult.

Fire in the tool joint, it will

only flare the tube area.

Hold strain up while firing

8-3-2000 110

Mechanical Internal Cutter

Cost Effective:

Shallow cuts

Large O.D. tubulars

Cut/retrieve in single trip

Well conditions too adverse for W.L.

8-3-2000 111