University of Virginia

Vanderbilt University

University of Georgia

University of Texas

By ReBecca LaRsen

Believe it or not, law grads today have more take home pay than at almost any time in the past 20 years. And graduates of the University of Texas top the list of 135 schools. But where you work and what debt payment option you choose could significantly impact how much disposable income you will have as a recent graduate.

Best Law schoolsstandaRd of Livingfor

t one point Martina Palatto thought about practicing law in New York or anoth-er major city. But when

it came down to it, the University of Georgia School of Law gradu-ate realized her home state had some advantages.

“When you consider the cost of living, I realized Atlanta is expen-sive, but it’s not like New York or Los Angeles,” she said. “[More than] 70 percent of my fellow students stay in the state.”

Her planning is similar to what many students think about when picking a law school and a place to find a job. The actual value of a law degree depends not just on the amount of salary that a J.D. from a particular school may be worth in the job market, but also on what kind of lifestyle a lawyer can expect based on debt payments, taxes and the cost of living where they take a job.

The National Jurist ran those num-bers and found that recent law school graduates have more disposable income than they did 10 years ago — this despite higher student loan debt and a worsened job market.

Graduates employed by law firms have seen their standard of living improve by 47 percent since 1998. That translates into $2,000 more in disposable income a month.

Standard of living also improved for graduates headed into public service — albeit by a more mod-est 6 percent, based on the stan-dard 10-year loan repayment plan. But when using a new income-based repayment plan, graduates see their standard of living improve by 45 per-cent from 1998 — or an extra $1,000 in disposable income a month.

The numbers were even better before the current economic slump.

To determine standard of living,

The National Jurist used median start-ing salaries, average debt payments, estimated federal and state taxes, cost of living adjustments by region and then factored in inflation over the period of the study.

The magazine did the analy-sis on an overall basis and on a school-by-school basis.

Palatto’s alma mater, the University of Georgia School of Law, ranks second in the school study. The University of Texas School of Law is first, and Vanderbilt University Law School is third. Half of the top 10 schools in the study are state schools with lower tuition, and four of the top 10 are not in the top 30 for medi-an private salary.

Simply put, higher salaries do not always mean more spending cash, as the statistics in the stan-dard of living chart indicate.

Graduates of the University of Georgia law school, for example, report a median private sector income of $130,000 a year and average annu-al debt payments of about $5,300 when using the most flexible repay-ment options. When those numbers are adjusted for taxes and the cost of living, this school’s law grads — who mostly work in Atlanta and the Southeast — would have $84,756 in net income. Their debt amount is also among the lowest reported by schools on our list and plays a role in the quality of lifestyle.

“Our school is one of the least expensive,” said Paul Rollins, assis-tant dean for student affairs at the University of Georgia law school. “Our students pay $7,500 tuition per semester. Many live at home while going to law school to reduce their debt. Others who come here from elsewhere can get in-state tuition after a year.”

Another example of what lower debt and a moderate cost of liv-

ing means in terms of net income after graduation comes from the University of Texas’ law school.

The University of Texas law school reports that its graduates have a median private sector income of $160,000, with annual debt pay-ments of about $11,196 when choos-ing a 10-year repayment option and $5,834 when choosing a 25-year repayment plan. Its graduates have a net income of $101,308 after debt, taxes and cost of living adjustments.

“About 70 percent of our grads stay in Texas right after graduation,” said David Montoya, assistant dean for career services. “About a quarter of the class stays in Austin. Cost of living, I’m sure, is one factor in their decision to stay in Austin, with probably the most significant factor simply being a preference for the city overall.”

Texas has a better employment rate than much of the country and is cre-ating new jobs all the time, he said.

The situation can be very differ-ent for those who take jobs in more costly areas of the nation, like the Northeast. A Yale Law School grad with a median private sec-tor income of $160,000 would have about $7,350 in annual debt and net income after taxes and debt of about $96,062. But that would drop to $77,914 after adjusting for the higher cost of living in the Northeast, where most of the school’s graduates get jobs.

What the salary figures really meanSome recent graduates, who call themselves scam bloggers, have bemoaned the fact that the big sal-ary jobs have vanished, but the big debt has not. They question wheth-er law school is a good investment and complain that law schools are

Law School Median Private Salary

Yearly Debt Payments

Yearly Federal Taxes

Yearly State Tax

Net Income COL Adjusted Income

1 University of Texas $160,000 $5,834 $39,680 $13,800 $100,686 $101,3082 University of Georgia $130,000 $5,303 $31,330 $11,891 $81,476 $84,7573 Vanderbilt University $147,500 $8,535 $36,138 $13,859 $88,968 $83,9884 University of Virginia $160,000 $7,989 $39,680 $16,079 $96,251 $82,3345 Northwestern University $160,000 $9,872 $39,680 $16,396 $94,052 $82,3276 University of Chicago $160,000 $9,523 $39,680 $16,276 $94,521 $82,0347 University of North Carolina $130,000 $4,480 $31,330 $12,799 $81,391 $81,9498 University of Michigan $160,000 $8,343 $39,680 $16,470 $95,507 $81,8869 Washington University in St. Louis $145,000 $8,080 $35,525 $14,362 $87,033 $81,05810 Duke University $160,000 $8,475 $39,680 $16,447 $95,398 $80,84811 Southern Methodist University $120,000 $7,924 $28,920 $9,598 $73,558 $80,70112 Emory University $145,000 $7,383 $35,525 $14,231 $87,861 $80,66413 University of Notre Dame $145,000 $6,868 $35,525 $14,304 $88,303 $80,35614 Stanford University $160,000 $7,769 $39,680 $16,373 $96,178 $78,55915 Washington and Lee University $145,000 $7,884 $35,525 $13,983 $87,608 $78,37416 Yale University $160,000 $7,350 $39,680 $16,907 $96,063 $77,91517 Harvard University $160,000 $8,555 $39,680 $16,575 $95,190 $77,60818 University of California-Berkeley $160,000 $6,791 $39,680 $16,675 $96,854 $76,46719 Boston University $160,000 $7,736 $39,680 $16,432 $96,152 $76,40420 University of Pennsylvania $160,000 $7,834 $39,680 $17,068 $95,418 $76,40321 Catholic University of America $160,000 $9,979 $39,680 $15,554 $94,787 $76,11822 Boston College $160,000 $7,720 $39,680 $16,432 $96,167 $75,65323 University of Illinois $130,000 $5,952 $31,330 $12,937 $79,781 $75,62324 Wake Forest University $130,000 $6,936 $31,330 $12,837 $78,897 $75,26725 George Washington University $160,000 $8,184 $39,680 $15,942 $96,194 $74,19926 University of California-Hastings $160,000 $7,143 $39,680 $16,866 $96,310 $73,78327 College of William and Mary $132,750 $6,180 $32,524 $12,747 $81,299 $73,20828 University of California-Los Angeles $160,000 $7,734 $39,680 $16,950 $95,636 $72,77429 Georgetown University $160,000 $9,101 $39,680 $16,343 $94,877 $72,68630 University of Wisconsin $125,000 $5,717 $30,125 $13,273 $75,885 $72,44731 University of Cincinnati $115,000 $4,349 $27,715 $11,217 $71,719 $71,95032 University of Southern California $160,000 $8,747 $39,680 $16,964 $94,609 $71,94233 Chicago Kent College of Law $120,000 $6,302 $28,920 $11,909 $72,868 $71,33234 Temple University $135,000 $6,163 $33,075 $13,893 $81,869 $70,79735 University of New Hampshire $135,000 $8,627 $33,075 $12,870 $80,428 $70,30136 Brigham Young University $120,000 $3,892 $28,920 $11,632 $75,556 $70,21037 Ohio State University $115,000 $6,057 $27,715 $11,242 $69,986 $69,25738 George Mason University $125,000 $7,298 $30,125 $11,730 $75,847 $69,11239 University of Houston $100,000 $4,896 $23,400 $8,095 $63,610 $68,96440 University of Arizona $115,000 $5,834 $27,715 $10,359 $71,092 $68,32441 Villanova University $135,000 $9,107 $33,075 $13,909 $78,909 $67,74542 American University $145,000 $10,127 $35,525 $14,314 $85,033 $67,41643 Cornell University $160,000 $9,374 $39,680 $17,965 $92,981 $65,40044 University of Minnesota $120,000 $6,794 $28,920 $12,231 $72,055 $65,28645 Case Western Reserve University $110,000 $7,005 $26,180 $10,901 $65,914 $63,28146 Wayne State University $100,000 $4,987 $23,400 $9,686 $61,927 $63,20847 University of Florida $100,000 $4,645 $23,400 $9,397 $62,558 $62,35448 University of Washington $110,000 $4,716 $26,180 $10,448 $68,655 $61,88349 Rutgers-Newark $135,000 $5,826 $33,075 $16,133 $79,967 $61,01350 New York University $160,000 $9,313 $39,680 $18,023 $92,984 $59,945

scamming students. But data shows that law school

is a better investment than it was 10 years ago. The National Jurist did a similar analysis of law grads’ standard of living in 1999 by using the private sector annual median sal-ary and subtracting loan payments, taxes and regional living expenses. Graduates who entered private prac-tice at six law schools at that time had a lower standard of living than they did as students.

But soon thereafter, salaries began to grow, outpacing student debt. The average law firm salary increased from $60,000 for the class of 1998 to $120,000 in 2009, large-ly fueled by sharp increases at the nation’s largest firms.

“Ten years ago, we saw a mete-oric rise in salaries in private salaries, although they may have gone down in the last few years or stayed about the same,” said Brian Lewis, assis-tant dean for career services at the University of North Carolina School of Law.

School officials said there was not a similar “meteoric rise” in salaries at small law firms.

“Smaller and local firm salaries run a large range and had generally

increased salaries since 2001, albe-it less drastically than large firms, until the economic downturn,” said Texas’ Montoya.

Statistics from the National Association for Law Placement show that the average salary at a law firm with two to 10 attorneys dropped from $55,000 for the Class of 2008 to $50,000 for the Class of 2010. But even with this decline, their salary is still higher than the inflation-adjusted figure for 1998. In fact, salaries at the smallest firms, after adjusted for infla-tion, have been relatively constant over the past 15 years.

As a result, graduates working for law firms between two and 10 attor-neys have seen a 26 percent improve-ment in their standard of living, pri-marily because of more lenient debt repayment options. Using the same debt repayment terms as available in 1998, the standard of living has decreased by 9 percent.

Mid-sized law firms have also seen a decline in salaries over the past two years. But their salaries, after adjusted for inflation, are also still higher than what recent graduates earned in 1998.

It was growth in salary at the largest firms that fueled most of the improvement to standard of

living. Until 2010, the number of students landing jobs at the big-gest firms increased dramatically, and the salaries at those firms like-wise increased from $90,000 in 1998 to $160,000.

“With the economic downturn, there has been some downward pres-sure on large firm starting salaries, but most of the Am Law 200 firms have held at $160,000,” Montoya said.

But how many graduates really get those sky-high salaries reported by some schools?

“Few people make the $160,000 a year median except in large cities at very large firms,” said Loriann Olan, director of career planning at Washington and Lee University School of Law in Virginia.

But the $160,000 going rate at the big firms is not just for associates in New York City. Big firm offices in Dallas, Atlanta and other regional centers match the pay.

NALP data shows 25 percent of the law graduates in 2009 made the peak reported median salary of $160,000. Salaries of $40,000 to $65,000 account for 34 percent of salaries. The mean salary for gradu-ates, adjusted for unreported salaries, was $85,198, NALP reported.

Many schools said there is some softness in the figures that they report due to the fact that some stu-dents don’t tell their schools about their income at all. The National Jurist excluded law schools from the final ranking in which less than 40 percent of their graduates’ salary was known.

The school-by-school compar-ison focuses only on students who take jobs in the private sector. Public service jobs haven’t experienced the same increases that private sec-tor jobs have in the past 10 years,

The National Jurist used data from dif-ferent sources to compute the stan-dard of living for each school. It used Class of 2009 indebtedness and salary information by school from U.S. News & World Report. It used data for over-all salary information from the National Association for Law Placement (NALP) to compare growth over the past 10 years. It used debt repayment data from Jeffrey Hanson Education Services, using the lowest annual plan for new gradu-ates. For about half of the schools this was the income-based plan. For the

others it was a graduated plan. It used Federal and State tax data

from the Tax Foundation and cost of living data from the Council for Community and Economic Research. For both state taxes and cost of living, The National Jurist cal-culated an average for each school using data from U.S. News on where graduates were employed.

To calculate the final standard of liv-ing, it subtracted debt payments, federal taxes and state taxes from median private practice salary. It then modified that num-ber by the cost of living adjustment.

How The National Jurist did the study

Law School Median Private Salary

Yearly Debt Payments

Yearly Federal Taxes

Yearly State Tax

Net Income COL Adjusted Income

51 University of Iowa $100,000 $6,539 $23,400 $9,678 $60,383 $59,43452 University of Pittsburgh $110,000 $6,307 $26,180 $11,064 $66,449 $59,19953 Columbia University $160,000 $9,445 $39,680 $18,139 $92,736 $59,10054 University of Colorado $95,000 $4,952 $22,230 $8,287 $59,532 $58,33955 Indiana University--Bloomington $99,250 $8,447 $23,225 $9,514 $58,065 $57,93056 Georgia State University $80,000 $1,424 $17,680 $7,309 $53,587 $56,53457 Loyola University New Orleans $84,500 $3,374 $18,675 $7,181 $55,270 $56,42058 Rutgers-Camden $115,000 $2,398 $27,715 $13,582 $71,305 $55,39859 Brooklyn Law School $147,500 $7,264 $36,138 $17,595 $86,504 $55,29460 St. John's University $150,000 $8,360 $37,200 $17,895 $86,545 $55,15361 University of Richmond $100,000 $7,008 $23,400 $9,203 $60,389 $55,04162 Fordham University $160,000 $8,863 $39,680 $18,909 $92,548 $54,67163 Baylor University $81,250 $7,489 $17,956 $6,646 $49,158 $52,69264 University of Connecticut $105,000 $4,944 $24,570 $12,031 $63,455 $52,04365 University of Alabama $75,000 $3,701 $16,575 $6,569 $48,154 $51,28166 University of Nevada--Las Vegas $80,000 $5,690 $17,680 $6,192 $50,438 $49,85167 University of Tennessee $70,000 $4,842 $14,700 $5,583 $44,875 $49,70168 University of Utah $80,000 $4,588 $17,680 $7,751 $49,981 $49,26469 Drexel University $82,500 $2,400 $18,233 $8,371 $53,496 $48,97670 University of Missouri $70,000 $5,137 $14,700 $6,356 $43,807 $48,22171 University of Memphis $67,217 $4,990 $14,116 $5,287 $42,824 $47,84672 Texas Southern University $63,837 $1,674 $12,767 $5,172 $44,223 $47,61473 Yeshiva University $125,000 $8,849 $30,125 $14,688 $71,339 $46,76174 Tulane University $85,000 $9,091 $18,785 $7,895 $49,229 $45,56175 University of South Carolina $72,500 $5,633 $16,023 $6,116 $44,729 $45,49776 West Virginia University $70,000 $4,470 $14,700 $6,697 $44,133 $44,85277 Pepperdine University $100,000 $9,308 $23,400 $10,340 $56,952 $44,83578 Louisiana State University $67,500 $5,168 $14,175 $5,609 $42,548 $44,50079 Mercer University $73,500 $7,856 $16,244 $6,742 $42,659 $44,46780 Samford University $70,000 $8,024 $14,700 $6,104 $41,172 $44,18381 University of Toledo $71,000 $5,721 $15,691 $6,898 $42,690 $43,65682 Texas Wesleyan University $64,500 $6,552 $12,900 $5,292 $39,756 $43,22683 University of San Diego $97,000 $8,878 $22,698 $10,150 $55,274 $42,88784 Loyola Law School, Los Angeles $100,000 $9,841 $23,400 $10,558 $56,201 $42,55785 University of Nebraska $60,000 $3,698 $12,000 $5,794 $38,508 $42,13386 Syracuse University $85,000 $8,911 $18,785 $9,477 $47,827 $41,11887 University of Kansas $61,000 $3,397 $12,200 $5,849 $39,554 $40,14788 Creighton University $62,500 $7,296 $12,500 $5,956 $36,748 $39,43389 St. Louis University $60,500 $6,552 $12,100 $5,587 $36,261 $39,23690 Charlotte School of Law $62,062 $7,296 $12,412 $6,065 $36,289 $38,62591 University of Wyoming $60,000 $3,858 $12,000 $5,048 $39,094 $37,78292 University of Louisville $55,000 $5,738 $10,450 $5,156 $33,656 $37,24393 DePaul University $66,500 $8,052 $13,965 $6,597 $37,886 $36,94394 Nova Southeastern University $60,000 $6,552 $12,000 $5,589 $35,859 $36,56295 Campbell University $58,000 $6,552 $11,600 $5,674 $34,174 $36,37996 University of Maryland $70,000 $6,227 $14,700 $7,015 $42,058 $36,20597 University of Arkansas-Fayetteville $54,500 $4,193 $10,355 $5,211 $34,741 $36,07098 University of North Dakota $52,500 $4,819 $9,450 $4,967 $33,264 $35,75499 University of Oklahoma $52,500 $5,796 $9,450 $4,607 $32,647 $35,428100 Charleston School of Law $55,000 $5,796 $10,450 $4,550 $34,204 $35,351101 University of Dayton $55,000 $5,048 $10,450 $5,303 $34,199 $35,079

according to Maris Abbene, assistant dean for career services at Boston College School of Law. But there still has been a 5 percent improvement in standard of living for graduates who enter public service, and that figure is much higher — 45 percent — when the most lenient debt repay-ment option is used.

“A lot of students are scared to take public sector jobs,” said Washington and Lee’s Olan. “We’re trying to educate them, to help them reach a balance between their

passion and making a living with the quality of life you can enjoy. There are also more debt forgiveness plans from government and law schools now to help these students. But one growing problem in getting jobs in the public sector is that state budgets are being cut.”

the good news about debt repayment optionsThe study shows that law school loans can make a huge difference in a law school graduate’s future stan-dard of living. That fact should be obvious to everyone, but school offi-

cials say that many students often don’t face up to that reality until they start making debt payments.

“I do think the cost of living goes up for students who graduate with debt and who go into the private sector,” Olan said. “In the private sector, you can’t seek debt forgive-ness. It can be a constant battle to make it all work.”

But a Federal law that took effect in July 2009 has made debt repay-ment much easier for law school grad-uates. The College Cost Reduction

and Access Act now gives graduates five repayment options instead of one. In the past, borrowers would have been forced to repay their federal loans on a 10-year plan — resulting in yearly payments of almost $15,000 on a $100,000 debt load.

Now students can choose a 25-year repayment plan that would bring annual payments on $100,000 down to $8,859 or a graduated plan on a 10- or 25-year repayment schedule that would lower the payments to less than $7,500 for the first few years of repayment. (Payments would be higher in later years.)

The fifth option — an income-

based repayment — is the best for more than half of law students, according to Jeff Hanson, a student loan consultant.

“The College Cost and Reduction Act significantly helped all students more easily manage and afford the repayment of their federal student loan,” Hanson said. “It added a pay-ment plan that more closely aligns payment with income.”

Recent graduates who can show they meet a “partial financial hard-ship” standard are eligible for the plan. Hanson said that, as a gener-al rule, graduates are eligible if their debt exceeds their annual income. For example, a borrower with $100,000 in debt must make less than $108,399 a year to be eligible. The salary threshold increases if they have dependents.

Under the income-based plan, a borrower who earns $45,000 a year would only pay $4,296 a year in debt repayments.

“The [new] programs are designed to be very flexible no matter what your situation,” Hanson said.

In the study, The National Jurist used the lowest annual loan repay-ment option for each school. This resulted in a range from $1,384 a year to $10,127. That is far lower than average debt payments in 1998 — when they ranged from $1,872 to $15,000 or $2,452 to $19,649 after adjusted for inflation.

Of course, even though monthly payments can be less in the first few years, graduates who enter private practice will still have to pay off the full amount. And the lower the pay-ments in the early years, the more the graduate will have to pay over the long haul.

“You need to understand how much you owe, when will you have to repay, how much will you have to pay, and then plan for contingen-

Recent graduates from the University of Texas School of Law who enter private practice earn the most after debt and taxes — $100,686 a year.

Law School Median Private Salary

Yearly Debt Payments

Yearly Federal Taxes

Yearly State Tax

Net Income COL Adjusted Income

102 University of Missouri--Kansas City $52,250 $5,796 $9,405 $4,806 $32,243 $34,986103 Marquette University $60,000 $6,552 $12,000 $6,408 $35,040 $34,976104 University of New Mexico $50,000 $4,027 $9,000 $4,283 $32,690 $34,433105 Northern Kentucky University $50,000 $5,052 $9,000 $4,805 $31,143 $33,687106 Northern Illinois University $52,500 $3,709 $9,450 $5,203 $34,138 $33,478107 Valparaiso University $57,500 $6,552 $11,500 $5,610 $33,838 $33,440108 Barry University $50,000 $2,957 $9,000 $4,713 $33,330 $33,398109 University at Buffalo--SUNY $62,500 $4,196 $12,500 $7,308 $38,496 $33,311110 University of Arkansas--Little Rock $50,000 $4,463 $9,000 $4,865 $31,672 $33,284111 University of St. Thomas $52,750 $5,796 $9,495 $4,923 $32,536 $33,150112 St. Thomas University $54,500 $5,796 $10,355 $5,208 $33,141 $32,696113 Oklahoma City University $48,000 $5,052 $8,640 $4,231 $30,077 $32,385114 University of Maine $62,250 $5,694 $12,450 $6,355 $37,751 $32,147115 University of Akron $50,000 $4,475 $9,000 $4,851 $31,674 $32,143116 Regent University $57,250 $6,552 $11,450 $5,426 $33,822 $31,788117 Pennsylvania State University $60,000 $6,552 $12,000 $6,065 $35,384 $31,469118 Suffolk University $70,000 $8,052 $14,700 $7,056 $40,192 $31,463119 University of the Pacific $72,000 $8,796 $15,912 $7,471 $39,821 $31,316120 University of South Dakota $42,500 $2,962 $7,225 $3,434 $28,879 $30,432121 Ave Maria School of Law $51,000 $5,796 $9,180 $4,889 $31,135 $29,367122 William Mitchell College of Law $52,500 $5,796 $9,450 $5,384 $31,870 $29,334123 University of Idaho $48,000 $5,052 $8,640 $4,538 $29,770 $29,271124 Whittier College $65,000 $7,296 $13,000 $6,811 $37,893 $29,102125 Albany Law School $58,645 $6,552 $11,729 $6,866 $33,498 $28,954126 Southern Illinois University $45,000 $4,296 $7,650 $4,405 $28,649 $28,435127 University of La Verne $60,000 $6,552 $12,000 $6,195 $35,253 $27,436128 Vermont Law School $48,000 $5,052 $8,640 $4,807 $29,501 $25,183129 Western State University $50,000 $5,052 $9,000 $5,261 $30,687 $23,836130 Touro College $60,000 $6,552 $12,000 $7,149 $34,299 $21,972131 Western New England College $42,500 $4,296 $7,225 $4,370 $26,609 $21,191

cy,” Hanson said. “More and more schools are having me come in to talk to their students about their options. It has relieved a lot of anxiety [among the students].”

Where you live after graduation can make a difference

The National Jurist used data from the ACCRA cost of living index and used St. Louis, Mo., as the standard for the study. It shows that New York City is 239 percent more expensive..

That means that your $160,000 sal-ary in New York City will buy you the same standard of living — hous-ing, food, transportation and enter-

tainment – as a $67,000 salary in St. Louis. Of course, if both the New Yorker and the Missourian can live on just 80 percent of their salary, the New Yorker will have more money to put towards savings.

Also, schools in more expensive areas like New York, Washington, D.C., and California offer job oppor-tunities that aren’t available anywhere else in the country.

“It just so happens that [Silicon Valley] is predominantly technology driven, and that’s one sector in the cur-rent economy that’s doing well,” said Vicki Huebner, assistant dean of law career services at Santa Clara Law, locat-ed in the heart of Northern California’s Silicon Valley, one of the most costly

areas in the nation. “The demand for lawyers goes along with that.”

Many of the school’s law gradu-ates work in the intellectual property arena in patent prosecution and liti-gation, in biotechnology, in mergers and acquisitions and protection of trade secrets. It’s premium work that pays premium salaries.

“So if you’re interested in a certain industry, it makes sense to move to a particular area where you can get into that field,” Huebner said.

But as Martina Palatto found out when she graduated from University of Georgia, she can live far better off in Atlanta as a health care lawyer than in New York.

Jack Crittenden contributed to this report

Reprinted with permission from The National Jurist, September 2011. On the web at www.njplonline.com.© Cypress Magazines Inc. All Rights Reserved. Foster Printing Service: 866-879-9144, www.marketingreprints.com.