ED 401.02 FINAL EXAM PROJECT

WHY ISN’T TURKEY SUCCESSFUL IN PISA

RESEARCH?

BERİL ÇİLER ARHATIR

2009107003

MEDU

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CONTENTS

• What is PISA?• Some data about Turkey’s situation in PISA• Why did I choose this subject?• Literature review• Problem definition• Fishbone • Matrix diagram• Pareto diagram• Brainstorming• Data collection• Survey results• Observation• Conclusion• Short video about education system• Suggestions • References

WHAT IS PISA?

• PISA is an assessment system which evaluates the school success of 15 years old students.

• PISA means Programme for International Student Assessment. • It is developed in 1997 and it is started to be implemented in

2000. • The PISA assessment is implemented once every three years. • It is developed by OECD. (Organization for Economic Co-

operation and Development) • The main purpose of the PISA is to standardize the educational

methods and to develop nations’ education levels. In other words, it measures students’ abilities to use their school knowledge in real life situations

• PISA survey focuses on mathematics, science, problem solving and reading areas.

• Additionally, the financial literacy of young people is included in assessment for the first time in 2012

• This research doesn’t just assess the school success of students, it also assesses students’ application of knowledge in unfamiliar situations both in and outside of the school.

• Slogan of PISA is: “ What 15 years-old know and what they can do with what they know.”

• In every period, one area from mathematics, reading and science is determined as a specific.

WHAT IS PISA?

DATA ABOUT TURKEY’S ORDER IN PISA

• Our country participated in 2003 for the first time• According to 2012 PISA results, Turkey is in the 44th order

in mathematics test and in 43th order in science test and 39th in reading and understanding test.

• According to 2009 PISA results, Turkey is in the 41th order in mathematics test and in 41th order in science test and 39th in reading and understanding test.

• In 2012 PISA research, 65 countries attended. (35 of them are members of OECD)

• 4848 students attended to this PISA research from Turkey in 2012.

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http://www.egitimtercihi.com/yazar/ali-baykal/12357-bu-pisa-yine-acili-olmus-usta.html

WHY DID I CHOOSE THIS SUBJECT?

• Nowadays, the results of PISA research is a current subject in Turkey.

• We as country aren’t successful in this research because, in my opinion, there are so many deficiencies in our education system. Therefore, I want to analyze this current subject and problem.

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LITERATURE REVIEW

• The Comparative Assessment of the Results of PISA Mathematical Literacy in terms of Socio-Economic and Socio-Cultural Variables, Aydın A., Sarıer Y., Uysal Ş., 2012, Education & Science, vol. 37, no. 164

• An analysis of countries’ uneducated population in terms of PISA results: An international Perspectıve, Maya İ., 2013, International Periodical for The Languages, Literature and History of Turkish or Turkic, vol. 8/8, p. 911-927

LITERATURE REVIEW

Article 1: The Comparative Assessment of the Results of PISA Mathematical Literacy in terms of Socio-Economic and Socio-Cultural Variables, Aydın A., Sarıer Y., Uysal Ş., 2012,

• The PISA results of Turkey is examined with respect to science and mathematics areas.• It is seen that Turkey is not successful in PISA and our education system makes most of the students unsuccessful.• Because Turkish educational system isn’t effective at raising individuals who thinks, questions, analyzes and solves problems.•Turkish education system is not suitable for international education standards because exams like OSS decreases students’ success and creativity.• The inequlaity in education exists in Turkey and students’ success changes from region to region in Turkey• Lifelong learning is not cared by teachers in our country

• Also, the education level of students’ parents is low because they are not educated people. Thus, this situation causes less successful students because their parents aren’t conscious. In Turkey, the rate highschool graduate parents is 25% ; however, in developed countries, this rate is nearly 90%

• In developed countries, literacy rate is 99% ;however, in Turkey, litearcy rate is 88%

• In the light of PISA results, it is shown that Turkish education system needs fundamental changes.

LITERATURE REVIEW

Article 1: The Comparative Assessment of the Results of PISA Mathematical Literacy in terms of Socio-Economic and Socio-Cultural Variables, Aydın A., Sarıer Y., Uysal Ş., 2012,

Article 2: An analysis of countries’ uneducated population in terms of PISA results: An international Perspectıve, Maya İ., 2013

LITERATURE REVIEW

• In order to raise qualified citizens, education shoul be cared in our country.

• PISA results show that children remaining ut of school, illiterate young and adult people are crucial problems of Turkey.

• In terms of 2010 data, 122 million young people are illiterate in the world. Therefore, in PISA research, it is tried to shown the realities of the countrys in educational area. By doing so, countries try to enhance their education systems.

• One of the reasons of Turkey’s order in PISA is thta there is gender inequality among students. Thus, the parents education should be taken into account in Turkey

LITERATURE REVIEW

Article 2: An analysis of countries’ uneducated population in terms of PISA results: An international Perspectıve, Maya İ., 2013

• To increase the quality of education in Turkey, the education spendings per person should be incerased.

• Therefore, governments should supply more bugget in education to improve the quality of education and also the quality of future citizens.

• The rate of educational spending is less than 5% in Turkey; however, this rate is high in developed countries.

• As a result, governments should care students, teachers and scholl conditions to develop our country’s education level in PISA.

PROBLEM DEFINITON

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With respect to 2009 and 2012 PISA results, Why isn’t Turkey successful in PISA?

WHY ISN’T TURKEY

SUCCESSFUL IN PISA

RESEARCH?

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FAMILY

uneducated parents

lack of support for school

lack of lifelong learning interest

gender discrimination among children

EDUCATION SYSTEM

exam oriented curriculum

overloaded curriculum

rote learning focused

inequality of schools

TEACHER

Lack of personal development

teaching methods

low salaries

Lack of technology use

GOVERNMENT

Low spending in education

Low number of teachers per students

Wrong educational reforms (religion centered)

Lacknesses of school conditions

SOCIETY

Working children

inequality of men and women

Lack of support to girls to go to school

Lack of reading habit

MATRIX DIAGRAM

PERSON/MAIN CAUSES

ÇİLER ANIL DERYA TÜRKAN TOTAL POINT

FAMILY 4 6 3 3 16

TEACHER 3 4 4 6 17

GOVERNMENT 6 5 6 7 24

SOCIETY 5 3 5 5 18

EDUCATION SYSTEM

7 7 7 4 25

PARETO DIAGRAM

FAMILY TEACHER EDUCATION SYSTEM SOCIETY GOVERNMENT0

5

10

15

20

25

BRAINSTORMING

curriculum

gender

school

Personal development

inequality

Rote learning

Education system

literacyteacher

quality

Lack of use of

technology

Teaching methods

Application of

knowledge

discrimination

parents

School administration

DATA COLLECTION

• Survey: It is done with 20 teachers, 10 of them from my observation school and 10 of them from different high schools. All of these teachers work in various high schools.

• Observation: My observation school is “İstek Vakfı Atanur Oğuz Anadolu Lisesi” I observed some points during the class times and I will explain them in observation part.

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SURVEY RESULTS

1. Did you hear about the PISA research?

A. Yes

B. No

40%

60%

yes no

2. Do you think that PISA is an effective assessment type?

A. Yes

B. No

C. Indecisive

SURVEY RESULTS

45%

55%

yes no indecisive

3. Do you think that what is the reason or reasons behind students’ failures? (you can choose more than one)

A. Family

B. School

C. Teacher

D. Educational policies of government

E. Peer groups

F. Society

G. others

SURVEY RESULTS

18%

18%

18%16%

2%

5%

9%

14%

family school teacher educational policiessociety peer groups educational policies education system

4. Do you update yor teachin methods with improving technology? Or you decide a method and continue to use this method?

A. Yes I update

B. No, I don’t update

SURVEY RESULTS

100%

yes no

5. Do you think that education is valuable in our country?

A. Yes

B. No

SURVEY RESULTS

100%

yes no

6. Do you think that students can use their knowledge which is learned in school in their real lives?

A. Yes

B. No

SURVEY RESULTS

100%

yes no

7. Do you think that our education system provides necessary opportunities to raise students who think analytically, question, solve problems?

A. Yes

B. No

SURVEY RESULTS

20%

80%

yes no

8. How many books do you read in a month?

A. 1

B. 2

C. 3

D. 4 or more

SURVEY RESULTS

40%

60%

a b c d

9. Do you use technological tools in your lessons?

A. Yes

B. No

SURVEY RESULTS

100%

yes no

10. Do you attend seminars or conferences or workshops related to your career for personal development?

A. Yes

B. No

C. Rarely

SURVEY RESULTS

65%

35%

yes no rarely

Teachers attending my survey stated that:• Students cannot get sufficient education for real life

because there are many expectations in courses from students so they cannot learn effectively

• Our education system doesn’t guide students to explore, to question or to solve problems

• Teachers are not seen valuable in our country, their salaries are low so that they lose their motivation and they can reflect their problems to students in schools

• Parents don’t support their children so much to get education so students may not be successful because of this situation

• Our education system needs innovative, contemporary novelties and these novelties should be applied on the way of Atatürk’s leadership and principles and revolutions

SURVEY RESULTS

OBSERVATION

• In my observation school, I observed that teachers don’t care students’ questions so much because they try to follow just the curriculum. There is an example from 10th grade mathematics course.

• In mathematics course, while teacher is teaching the lesson, one of students asked a question to teacher about the application of the mathematics subject in real life and teacher ignored the question and continued to lesson. Then, same student again asked the same question 2 times then the teacher ridicule with this student and said that : “You asked an absurd question so I will not answer this question.” Then the student got upset and didn’t ask the question once more.

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• Then, this teacher continued to lesson and again the other student (different from first student) asked a question and teacher again ignored this student. I was shocked because students’ questions are not important for this teacher. The teacher just gave the lecture and solved problems on the board and used projector to show just questions from the computer and didn’t show any example or simulation from the internet in order to make course attractive.

OBSERVATION

www.quiz.biz

• When the lecture is over, I asked to the teacher about why he didn’t answer the questions of students, he said that: “There is a determined curriculum by Ministry of Education in Turkey and we as teachers have to follow this curriculum and there are a lot of work to do in the curriculum. Also, since this school is private, parents pay much money for this school and they want that their children have to be successful in OSS exam. Thus, I don’t want to waste my class time to answer students’ questions.”

• I was shocked because he thinks students’ questions as a waste of time. However, why student come the school? They get education to learn something, to apply their knowledge in their lives not to just memorize lessons. However, some teachers ignore basic properties of education. Then I realize that if such teachers continue to educate students, we can not be successful in PISA and we cannot raise qualified students. Unfortunately, this is the reflection of our education system.

OBSERVATION

CONCLUSION

In the light of PISA results, survey and my observation school, I can say that• Most of teachers don’t know anything about PISA• Some teachers don’t use technology in lessons to make courses more

attractive or they don’t use dram or other activities in the class.• Many of teachers don’t care personal development• Also, teachers don’t read so much• Students’ questions are not answered detailed during the courses so students

lose their attention to courses and stop questioning the world.• Our education system needs radical changes• In our education system, students cannot use their school knowledge in their

lives because teachers stress rote learning not actually learning during the lessons

• School curriculums include so many things, therefore education system give importance to memorization of knowledge and being successful in the exams like OSS, SBS, LYS etc.

• There is a video about education who doesn’t provide opportunity to raise students not questioning.

CONCLUSION

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b6CAdbgc5a4

SUGGESTIONS• Educational spending per student should be increased• Inequality in education shoul be erased• Gender inequality in society and schools shouldn’t be placed• Teachers should update their teaching mehods and they

should stress learning through experience• Education shouldn’t be exam focused• Parents should be educated• Lifelong learning principle should be adopted in every part of

the society• Education system should be redesigned in terms of students’

needs and it should improve students’ creativity, questioning skills, analysis and problem solving skills

• Finally, the number of teachers per student should be increased and teachers should be innovative

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REFERENCES• Dr. Hayal köksal, ed 401 course instructor

• Imece cırcles

• PDCA mındset• https://www.Facebook.Com/photo.Php?Fbid=10151775980843108&set=pb.703658107

.-2207520000.1389020869.&Type=3&theater• http://www.oecd.org/pisa/keyfindings/pisa-2012-results-overview.pdf• http://www.nativespellhealer.co.za/success-spells.html• http://4vector.com/free-vector/bubbling-cartoon-fish-clip-art-118962• http://www.egitimtercihi.com/yazar/ali-baykal/12357-bu-pisa-yine-acili-olmus-usta.html• graduatetutor.com• Surveymonkey.com• www.ankaradegillefkosa.org• www.pwt-intouch.ca• vimeo.com• jesususedclay.blogspot.com• www.quiz.biz• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b6CAdbgc5a4• www.keepcalm-o-matic.co.uk

SPECIAL THANKS TO HAYAL KÖKSAL

https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=10151775980843108&set=pb.703658107.-2207520000.1389020869.&type=3&theater