Benefits, opportunities and barriers Why Coordination? Jerzy M Langer Ministry of Science and Information Society Technologies, Poland Conference on the

BenefitsBenefits,, opportunities and opportunities and barriersbarriers

Why Coordination?Why Coordination?

Jerzy M LangerMinistry of Science and Information

Society Technologies, Poland

Conference on the co-ordination of national research programmes: opportunities and barriers, Manchester,21 October

2005

JERZY M LANGER

MINISTRY OF SCIENCE AND INFORMATION SOCIETY TECHNOLOGIES, POLAND

NEW EUROPEAN RENAISSANCE

Europe without top research and education cannot meet the challenges of the XXI Century. And this cannot be achieved without a concerted R&D policy at both national and European levels.

Romano Prodi, "AN ENLARGED EUROPE FOR RESEARCHERS", BRUSSELS, JUNE 2001

Ironically, Europe has no problem putting together excellent football teams consisting of players from several EU countries. Putting together excellent research teams seems much harder.

We are losing ground on just about all the key factors that matter for our future growth:

JERZY M LANGER


Many Graduates – Few Researchers

Wake-up Call for Knowledge Europe! Commissioner Janez Potočnik Brussels – 19 July 2005

ATTRACTING RESEARCHERS

24,2

5,4

18,5

9

23,1

10,1

0 5 10 15 20 25 30

Share of Science andEngineering graduates

(% of new degrees, 2003)

Researchers per 1000 labourforce (full-time equivalent, 2003)

EU-25

US

Japan

JERZY M LANGER


GERD as % GDP

KEY FIGURES 2005, DG Res, EC

10-fold disparity in R&D financing across EU-25 is a major obstacle in making coherent European R&D policy and thus coordination!

JERZY M LANGER


0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

AT BE DE DK EL ES FI FR IE IT LU NL PT SE UK BG CY CZ EE HU LT LV MT PL RO SI SK TR0

5

10

15

20

25

30partners in submitted projects

partners in retained projects

success rate

FP6 - OVERALL RESULTS

JERZY M LANGER


EU-25 NETWORKS OF EXCELLENCE

IS THE PICTURE SO BLEAK?IS THE PICTURE SO BLEAK?

ASSETS AND OPPORTUNITIESASSETS AND OPPORTUNITIES

JERZY M LANGER


0

0,5

1

1,5

2

2,5

3

3,5

4

1993

1995

1997

1999

2001

2003

2005

2007

2009

2011

2013

2015

2017

2019

YEAR

PO

PU

LA

TIO

N (

mln

)

19 - 23 YEAR OLD STUDENTS

1. YOUNG PEOPLE

POLAND

JERZY M LANGER


2. SCIENCE SPECIALISATION


European European diversitydiversity

SCIENCES

JERZY M LANGER


GDP per person in thousands US dollars

David A. King, Nature 2004

CIT

AT

ION

IN

TE

NS

ITY

3. SCIENCE QUALITY

JERZY M LANGER


4. FINANCIAL RESOURCES

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

DE FR UK IT SE FP-6 NMS


Leverage of joint use of individual resources

We are in trouble, but have a We are in trouble, but have a chance, so concerted action chance, so concerted action

is a mustis a must

SCIENTISTS WORK TOGETHERSCIENTISTS WORK TOGETHERHence cooperation tools welcome, but Hence cooperation tools welcome, but coordination acceptable only at the project level coordination acceptable only at the project level we know best what is good for uswe know best what is good for us

JERZY M LANGER


SCIENTISTS WORK AND PUBLISH TOGETHER

JOURNALPapers

analysedauthors/

paperInstitutions/

paper

Nature v. 433-5 487 7,86 ± 0,73 3,42 ± 0,17

Science v.307-8 426 7,70 ± 0,43 3,49 ± 0,15

Phys.Rev. B 71 June 2005

108 3,99 ± 0,25 2,26 ± 0,14

Phys.Rev. C 71 June 2005

77 15,9 ± 6,6 4,39 ± 0,88

Astroparticle Physics v. 23

48 23,5 ± 9,6 4,67 ± 1,17

COURTESY - PROF. A. K. WRÓBLEWSKI, 2005

JERZY M LANGER


JOINT INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATIONS

2nd EUROPEAN REPORT ON S&T INDICATORS, EC - 1997

JERZY M LANGER


JOINT PUBLICATIONS

with the USA 1980-1995 with the with the USA 1980-1995 with the EUEU

Hungary - 8 timesHungary - 8 times

Poland - 6 timesPoland - 6 times

Hungary, Hungary, PolandPoland

5 times5 times

2nd EUROPEAN REPORT ON S&T INDICATORS, EC - 1997

We are in trouble, but have a We are in trouble, but have a chance, so concerted action chance, so concerted action

is a mustis a must

SCIENTISTS WORK TOGETHERSCIENTISTS WORK TOGETHERHence cooperation tools welcome, but Hence cooperation tools welcome, but coordination acceptable only at the project level coordination acceptable only at the project level ((we know best what is good for uswe know best what is good for us))

ADMINISTRATORS, POLICY & DECISION MAKERS ADMINISTRATORS, POLICY & DECISION MAKERS have another perspective, hence coordination have another perspective, hence coordination likely, provided they do not lose power and likely, provided they do not lose power and importanceimportance

JERZY M LANGER


LEGAL FRAMEWORK TREATY – Chapter XVIII

Art. 166 Framework Program

Art. 165 Community and MS shall coordinate their research … to ensure that national and Community Policy are mutually consistent

Art. 169 EC + MS jointly funded programs

Art. 171 New structures possible (EU Parliament involved)

JERZY M LANGER


FP 7 - COOPERATION

• Collaborative research

• Joint Technology Initiatives

• Co-ordination of non-Community research programs

– ERA-NET and ERA-NET PLUS (common fund)

– Art. 169 – variable geometry initiatives

– EUREKA and COST synergy with FP

• International co-operation

JERZY M LANGER


BARRIERS FOR COORDINATIONSUBSIDIARITY PRINCIPLE AT WORK

• Specific national rulings– Review schemes (national - must)– Resident vs. non-resident financing– What allowed (e.g. stem cells, GMOs, etc)

• Diverse funding schemes– Ministries vs. Research Councils

• Different fiscal rules and scales– Full vs. partial cost, backup funds

• Different budgetary rules (e.g. yearly base)

• Different priorities and legal consequences

• Different scale of resources– GERD (0,35 – 4,5%)

JERZY M LANGER


A NEW DEAL URGENTLY NEEDED IN R&D EUROPE

European Commission- an initiator- an observer –ERA watch- a guardian- a „facilitator” (financial,

personnel)- a legal advisor- information provider- more cost-efficient and

simplifying

Member States- abandon „juste retour” as an

old fashioned approach- agree on benchmarking and

its consequences - openness- harmonise procedures (e.g.

on peer review, English as acceptable legal language in proposal submittals, timing,…)

- in-kind money provider

OMC needs a serious debate – the Austrian presidency welcome to concert it

JERZY M LANGER


OPEN METHOD OF COORDINATION

• fixing guidelines with specific timetables for achieving the goals

• quantitative and qualitative indicators and benchmarks as a means of comparing best practice;

• periodic monitoring, evaluation and peer review.

• translating these European guidelines into national and regional policies by setting specific targets and adopting measures

LISBON EUROPEAN COUNCIL, CONCLUSIONS, 2000

JERZY M LANGER


Ice flake Bacterial colony

OMC IN NATURE

SELF-ORGANISATION

JERZY M LANGER


AREAS OF COORDINATION

Concerted actions needed in EU-25 to stay

on a Lisbon track and win: Research (themes, policies,

actions)

Education (Bologna process)

Innovation

JERZY M LANGER


SME’s in BERD (%) 2002


SMEs in Europe relatively large part of business expenditure BERD

Chance for most innovative SMEs in developing European regions EUROSTARS initiative of EUREKA

JERZY M LANGER


Centralised common pot - International assessment –centralised funding

Funding of SME-driven innovation projects by EUREKA MS and the EC through an article 169 initiative

EUROSTARSCentralised common pot

EUREKA, HLG & GA, Maastricht - 2005

JERZY M LANGER


A decentralised common pot - joint call and evaluation – national funding

Funding of SME-driven innovation projects by EUREKA MS and the EC through an article 169 initiative

EUROSTARSDecentralised common pot

EUREKA, HLG & GA, Maastricht - 2005

JERZY M LANGER


EUROPE NEEDS GRAND VISION FOR XXI CENTURY

European Research Area – New FP & increased budget

European Higher Education – Bologna Process; EIT?

European funding of basic research – European Research Council

European promotion of Innovativeness – European Innovation Council

From ERA to REI

How is it possible to expect How is it possible to expect that mankind will take that mankind will take

advice, when they will not so advice, when they will not so much as take warning?much as take warning?

JJonathanonathan Swift Swift The Battle of the Books and Other Short PiecesThe Battle of the Books and Other Short Pieces

If Europe in the XX century could agree on common coal & steel and then agricultural policies, why then not to have common Research, Education and Innovation policies for the XXI century?

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Benefits, opportunities and barriers Why Coordination? Jerzy M Langer Ministry of Science and Information Society Technologies, Poland Conference on the