BENEFITS AND VALUE OF SPENT LIME - Home - American Crystal … · 2014. 2. 6. · BENEFITS AND VALUE OF SPENT LIME YWTG MEETING SPRING 2009. Outline • Review Previous Research •

BENEFITS AND VALUE OFSPENT LIME

BENEFITS AND VALUE OFSPENT LIME

YWTG MEETINGSPRING 2009

OutlineOutline• Review Previous Research

• Value Of Nutrients In Spent Lime

• Application Methods

• MPCA Policy’s & Procedures

• American Crystal Sugar’s Recommendation

What Is Spent LimeWhat Is Spent Lime

• Calcium Carbonate Limestone Is Heated And Injected Into The Sugar Purification Process

• Captures and Absorbs The Impurities In The Juice

• By-Product Left Behind Is Spent Lime

• American Crystal Sugar Produces 350,000 Dry Tons Of Spent Lime Annually

Previous ResearchPrevious Research

• Dr. Carol Windels, U Of MN, Dr. Alan Dexter, NDSU/U Of MN, And Dr. Joe Giles, NDSU, Dr. Albert Sims And Dr. Larry Smith, U Of MN And Norman Cattanach, NDSU Have Studied Effects Of Lime On Sugarbeet Production Since The Early 1980’s

• I Would Like To Thank These Individuals In Advance, Most Of The Data I’ll Be Sharing Is Their Research

Dr. Carol WindelsLong-Term Field Trials 2005 -2008

Dr. Carol WindelsLong-Term Field Trials 2005 -2008

• Hillsboro, ND (Aph SIV = 48)• Lime Applied In October, 2003

• 0, 5, 10, 20, 30 T Wet Weight/A • (= 0, 3.3, 6.5, 13, 19.5 T Dry Weight/A)

• Breckenridge, MN (Aph SIV = 98)• Lime Applied In April, 2004

• 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 T Wet Weight/A • (=0, 2.7, 5.3, 8, 10.6 T Dry Weight/A)

No Lime

Resistant Variety45 g Tachigaren

Susceptible VarietyNo Tachigaren

5 Ton Lime



10 Ton Lime



15 Ton Lime



20 Ton Lime



2.73.020

2.93.315

3.03.310

3.24.05

3.86.10

PRS

Aph RRRbLime

(Tons/A)

a Sown May 16 and harvested September 25, 2007b Aph RRR on 0-7 scale (0=healthy, 7=root completely rotted)

Comparison Of A Susceptible (S) And A Partially Resistant (PR) Varietya

0 3 6

10 Ton LimeNo Lime

Lime Research TrialAmenia, ND


• P2O5 Was Spring Applied At A Rate Of 40 Pounds And 80 Pounds Per Acre

• Spent Lime (Precipitated Calcium Carbonate) From The ACSC Moorhead Factory Was Spring Applied At 5 Ton And 10 Ton Per Acre

• Starter Fertilizer (10-34-0) Was Applied As A Stand Alone Treatment



• Soil Test Nitrogen Plus Applied Nitrogen Totaled 130 Pounds/Acre

• Beets Were Planted On May 1, 2008

• The Soil Type In This Field Is A Perella Silty Clay Loam

• This Field Has A History Of Root Disease.

$1,064144277ab9,34010 T/A Lime

$1,137136285b9,6745 T/A Lime

$888128269ab7,9903 gal 10-34-0

$878135261a8,28480 lbs P205

$927142269ab8,50240 lbs P205

$879140273ab7,8100

GrossRev / Acre

BeetsPer 100 ftRSTRSATreatment



Effect of P205, starter fertilizer and precipitated calcium carbonate on sugarbeet stand, yield and quality

N. Cattanach - 2008



11.08.33.910 T/A Lime

10.08.23.55 T/A Lime

6.57.53.33 gal 10-34-0

12.07.03.580 lb P205

9.07.12.540 lb P205

5.57.32.30

P ppm 0-6”pH

June 25 Vigor RatingTreatment

Effect of P205, starter fertilizer (10-34-0) and precipitated calcium carbonate on sugarbeet stand, yield and quality

N. Cattanach - 2008

Dr. Carol Windels ResultsEffects Of Lime On Sugarbeets

Dr. Carol Windels ResultsEffects Of Lime On Sugarbeets

$57660832712.7160557.610.620

$48653612632.9149577.78.015

$54257932703.0145547.55.310

$44750212613.2139617.32.75

$35340212553.8140696.400

$LbLb(0-7)

StandPlants /

100’ Post Thinning

% Stand

Loss 35 DAP

pHDryT/A

WetT/A

REV/ARSARSTRRRLime Rate

Soil pH, stands, root rot ratings and harvest data for a tolerant variety planted May 17, 2007 (37 months after liming) in a field with severe Aphanomyces.

Dr. Joe Giles – Fargo, 2003Effects Of Spent Lime On Sugarbeets

Dr. Joe Giles – Fargo, 2003Effects Of Spent Lime On Sugarbeets

$929

$914

$840

$752

$906

$856 $9

63

$962

$946

$938

$873

$804

$0

$200

$400

$600

$800

$1,000

$1,200

0 3 6 9

Tons of Lime Applied per Acre

Rev

enue

per

Acr

e

Beta 6447 Crystal 999 Mean

Dr. Larry Smith ResultsEffects Of Lime On Wheat

Dr. Larry Smith ResultsEffects Of Lime On Wheat

NSNSNSStat Sign

13.058.473.015.0

13.158.371.310.0

13.358.273.05.0

13.058.671.50

Protein(%)

Test Wt.(lbs)

Yield(bu)

Lime RateDry Tons

Effect of Lime Application on Wheat Following Sugarbeet in 2004 and Following Soybean in 2005, two year average.

32.219.247.32.5

1.5.63.3LSD05

30.020.043.010.0

31.819.345.65.0

30.019.942.20

Protein(%)

Oil(%)

Yield(bu/A)

LimeTreatment(TDM/A)

2005 Soybean yield, oil and protein following sugarbeet at different spent lime rates applied in 2004.

Dr. Larry Smith ResultsEffects Of Lime On Soybeans

Dr. Larry Smith ResultsEffects Of Lime On Soybeans

What’s In Factory LimeWhat’s In Factory Lime• Perhaps Some Impurities In The Juice Will Be

Determined By Where The Sugarbeet Was Grown?• Maybe Variability Among Processing Plants

• Test This Hypothesis:

• Collected Factory Lime From All 7 Processing Plants• Collected 3 Times During The Processing Season

• Nov 18, 2004; Jan 19, 2005; And Mar 17, 2005• Collected 3 Subsamples• Dried Factory Lime • Analyzed For Ca, Mg, K, Na, N, And P

A. Sims – 2009

Potassium In Spent LimePotassium In Spent Lime

• Spent lime K varies among factories and time of sampling.• Moorhead: 698 ppm K = 1.4 lb K (1.7 lbs K2O) ton-1 dry spent lime.• Minn-Dak: 2488 ppm K = 5 lbs K (6 lbs K2O) ton-1 dry spent lime

Factory Nov Jan Mar Average---------- ppm K ----------

Crookston 1943 1407 2252 1867Drayton 1866 1665 1369 1633EGF 1467 1152 1515 1378Hillsboro 1957 1163 1650 1590Moorhead 960 528 607 698

Minn-Dak 2097 1059 4307 2488

Southern Minn 1503 883 576 987

A. Sims - 2009

Nitrogen In Spent LimeNitrogen In Spent Lime

• Spent lime N varies somewhat among factories and time of sampling• 3000 ppm N = 6 lbs N ton-1 dry spent lime

Factory Nov Jan Mar Average---------- ppm N ----------


Minn-Dak 5097 3020 3310 3809

Southern Minn 4360 3093 2937 3463

A. Sims - 2009

Phosphorus In Spent LimePhosphorus In Spent Lime

• Spent lime P varies among factories and time of sampling.• Drayton: 3827 ppm P = 7.7 lb P (17.8 lbs P2O5) ton-1 dry spent lime.• Moorhead: 5626 ppm P = 11.3 lbs P (26 lbs P2O5) ton-1 dry spent lime

Factory Nov Jan Mar Average---------- ppm P ----------


Minn-Dak 5727 4453 4677 4952

Southern Minn 7043 5023 4673 5580

A. Sims - 2009

Nutrient AvailabilityNutrient Availability• Exact Nutrient Value Will Vary

• Lime Should Have Analysis Done

• How Much Is Available• May Depend On Lime Interaction With Soil• Acidic –vs- Alkaline

• New Experiment Initiated Near Clara City, Minnesota Looking At Lime Reaction On Soils With pH >8.0

• Initiated October 2008

• Greenhouse Experiments In Progress At NWROC

Soil Test OnLimed SoilsSoil Test OnLimed Soils

0-3 Inch Soil Depth

35.4768140253327.7856.630

35.4768128052107.7541.720

35.4768118546437.7431.510

35.4768109741187.6624.15

35.4768103833577.4219.50

Napmm

Kpmm

MgPpm

CappmpHOlsen P

ppmLime Wet Tons A-1

2005 Hillsboro Spent Lime Trials, Soil Collected and Analyzed in May of 2005. Dr. Sims, Dr. Windels and Dr. Bradley

Nutrient ValueNutrient Value

$15.00Total

$1.503.5K20 equiv.

$13.5020.0P205 equiv.

$ ValueLbs/Dry TonNutrient

Average Nutrient Content of Spent Lime,A. Sims, U of MN NWROC, 2005

11-52-0 @ $700 (P2O5) 0-0-60 @ $850 (K2O)

$150.00Total

$15.0035K20 equiv.

$135.00200P205 equiv.

$ ValueTotal LbsNutrient

Total Nutrient Value at Recommended Application Rate of 10 Tons/Acre

Additional BenefitsAdditional Benefits

• Windels/Brantner Noted Limed Soil Screened Better Than Non-Limed

• Better Downward Percolation And Drainage

• Raise pH Of Acidic Soils

• May Increase Beneficial Soil Microorganisms

Factory Handling & ReloadingFactory Handling & Reloading

• Policy Implemented On Hauling And Staging• Trucks Hauling Lime To Staging Area Must Be Cleaned

Prior To Loading To Prevent Any Foreign Material From Being Mixed In With Lime

• Segregation Of Lime• Juice Campaign• MDS Plants

• Designated Area For Fresh Lime• Leave Tons Un-capped

Policy’s & ProceduresPolicy’s & Procedures

• Soil Test Prior To Application

• Maintain Setbacks From Streams & Open Water

• No More Than Once Every 3 Years

• Stockpile For < 45 Days Prior To Application

Lime Application RecommendationsLime Application

Recommendations

• Apply 10 Wet Tons/Acre

• Apply 1 Year Prior To Sugarbeets For Best Results

• Spread As Evenly As Possible

• Incorporate Thoroughly With Tillage

• Contact Ag Staff For Any Assistance With Procedure

Lime CalculatorLime Calculator

• www.crystalsugar.com

• Ag Tools

• Ag Calculators

• Lime Value Calculator

Take Home MessageTake Home Message

• Increase Soil pH Of Acidic Soils

• Addition Of Numerous Micro-Nutrients To Soil

• Benefits Of Lime Could Last 6 To 8 Years, Or More

Take Home MessageTake Home Message

• No Detrimental Effects On Rotational Crops

• Increase Yields Of Sugarbeet Crops With Severe Aph

• Every Ton Of Lime Applied Will Increase Soil Test P By 1 ppm

THANK YOU FORYOUR TIME

THANK YOU FORYOUR TIME

Any Questions

Documents

BENEFITS AND VALUE OF SPENT LIME - Home - American Crystal … · 2014. 2. 6. · BENEFITS AND VALUE OF SPENT LIME YWTG MEETING SPRING 2009. Outline • Review Previous Research •