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Hernando Cortes
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Benchmark Jeopardy
2nd 9 Weeks! Standards 7-1 to 7-5.4
He began to explore present-day Mexico. He sailed for Spain and
conquered the Aztecs.
Hernando Cortes
a flat, moveable piece at the rear of a ship that makes it easier to steer
Rudder
was giving to Europeans by the Chinese.
Gunpowder
Explorers had to find a western or another route in order to trade with
Asia because of the Ottoman Empire.
Silk Road
Type of colony used to trade items, along a particular route.
Trading Post Empires
sailed for Spain who looked for a western route to Asia. He is known for the discovery of the Americas.
Christopher Columbus
Type of colony created in which a group of settlers establish new towns and settlements but still
linked to mother country.
Settler Colonies
Traveled around the southern tip of Africa to get to India. He sailed for
Portugal.
Vasco da Gama
determines latitude
astrolabe
a magnetized needle tells direction
compass
Type of colony in which large areas of land with cash crops that were
traded across the globe.
Plantation colony
China and Japan practiced isolationism. This is a policy of turning inward from the world.
isolationism
ships left Europe, and then went to Africa, then to the Americas, and
back to Europe
Triangular Trade
monarchies exercised absolute and total control.
Unlimited government
the movement of people, goods, ideas, and even diseases across
the Atlantic.
Columbian Exchange
When a nation builds up a large supply of gold and silver.
Mercantilism
rulers with unlimited power.
Absolute monarchy
a system in which power is restricted by the people. (The leader has rules to
follow)
Limited government
the idea that rulers receive their power directly from God and are responsible only to God and
not the people.
Divine Rights of Kings
He believed in limited governments. He outlined the structure of
governments which were the three branches. (Separation of Powers)
(Check and balance system)executivelegislative
judicial
Baron de Montesquieu
argued that people should be powered by an absolute monarch.
Thomas Hobbes
also believed in a social contract and natural laws. His ideas help influence develop the democratic
government.
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
He believed that everyone was born with a blank mind (tabula rasa). He declared that every person was born with three natural rights: life, liberty, and property. Locke believed in a social contract between
citizens and the ruler. His ideas help write the Declaration of Independence.
John Locke
Which nation has the oldest written constitution in the World?
a document stating the rules and principles on which a nation is run.
Written constitution
allow the three branches of government to limit and control each other. No branch can over
power the other.
Checks and Balances
an agreement between the citizens and their ruler.
Social contract
The division of power among the three branches of government.
(Montesquieu)
Separation of Powers
Sets forth the goals and ideals that the people of that nation believe
and share.
Preamble
Any system in which the people hold the power, usually by voting.
Democracy
stated that the earth was the center of the universe. (Geocentric)
Ptolemy
What nation has the oldest constitution?
Great Britain has the oldest written constitution which is the Magna
Carta.
Improved the telescope and used it to prove that the sun was the
center of the universe.
Galileo Galilei
created the scientific method.
Francis Bacon
• He used mathematical formulas to show that the planets move in ellipses (oval paths) around the sun.
Johannes Kepler
He used the scientific method to discover the laws of motion.
Isaac Newton
founder of rationalism (reasoning)
Rene Descartes