1996

PROCEEDINGS

BELTWIDE

COTTON

CONFERENCES

Volume 2 of 2

VOLUME 1

VOLUME 2

Beltwide Cotton Production Conference

New Developments from Industry WorkshopCotton Physiology WorkshopEconomics Workshop: Cotton Price ModelsHarvest Aid WorkshopCotton Insect ManagementWorkshopSticky Cotton WorksnopBt Cotton WorkshopAlternative Production Strategies WorkshopPrecision Farming WorkshopNew Cotton Weed Control Technologies WorkshopEconomics Workshop: Regional Production Possibilities

Information Technology Resource WorkshopCotton Disease Council

Cotton and Other Organic Dusts ConferenceCotton Economics and Marketing ConferenceCotton Engineering-Systems Conference

Cotton Ginning Conference

Cotton Improvement Conference

Cotton Insect Research and Control Conference

Cotton Physiology Conference

Cotton Quality Measurements Conference

Cotton Soil Management & Plant Nutrition Conference

Cotton Textile Processing Conference

Cotton Weed Science Research Conference

Joint: Engineering-Systems/Ginning ConferencesJoint: Textile Processing/Improvement Conferences

Joint: Textile Processing/Quality Measurements Conferences

Editorial Coordinators: Paul Dugger, Debbie Richter

RationalVs-NOttonCouncil

UB/TIB Hannover

116 969 539

89

OF AMERICA

Post Office Box 12285 • Memphis, TN 38182 • i90l i 274-9030

Printed in Cooperation with

The Cotton Foundation

Table of Contents

VolumeII

Cotton Insect Research and Control Conference

49th Annual Conference Report on Cotton Insect Research and Control, D.D. Hardee, G.A. Herzog 643

Highlights of the 49th Annual Cotton Insect Research and Control Conference, G.A. Herzog, D.D. Hardee, M. R. Williams 669

Cotton Insect Losses 1995, Michael R. Williams 670

The Environmental and Mammalian Safety Profile of Naturalyte Insect Control, P.W. Borth, P.J. McCall, R.F. Bischoff,G.D. Thompson 690

Chemistry and Biology of the Spinosyns: Components of Spinosad (Tracer®), the First Entry into Dowelanco's NaturalyteClass of Insect Control Products, Thomas C. Sparks, Herbert A. Kirst, Jon S. Mynderse, Gary D.Thompson,Jan R. Turner, Orb K. Jantz, Mark B. Hertlein, Larry L. Larson, Patrick J. Baker, M. Chris Broughton,John D. Busacca, Lawrence C. Creemer, Mary L. Huber, James W. Martin, Walter M. Nakatsukasa,

Jonathan W. Paschal, Thomas V. Worden 692

Tracer® Naturalyte Insect Control Physical Property Attributes, M. Burton, J.D. Cobb, T.J. Jefferson, D. Williams, III,

J. Winkle 696

1995 Oklahoma Furadan 4F Monitoring Program on Cotton Fields for Adverse Findings on Non-Target Species,Ronald Buckmaster, George Graves, Miles Karner, Sandra Wells 697

Acetylcholinesterase Activities in Laboratory-Reared and Field-Collected Strains of Tobacco Budworm, Heliothis Virescens (F.),Teresa A. Thompson, Gregory T. Payne 700

Encarsia Formosa Gahan (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) Parasitizing Bemisia Argentifolii Bellows and Perring (Homoptera:Aleyrodidae): Behavioral Analysis of Two Geographic Populations, M.T. Smith, D.J. Lanham, R.D. Hennessey 703

A Method of Distributing Steinernema Riobravis in Cotton Furrow Irrigation and Pink Bollworm Larval Mortality Response,L. Forlow Jech, T.J. Henneberry 707

Natural Enemies of Bollworm Complex and Other Foliage Feeding Worms in Northern Tamaulipas and Their Role in Cotton

Production, /. Vargas-Camplis 710

Study of the Effectiveness of Boll Weevil Control Applying Drops of a Mixture of Sexpheromone (Grandlure) and

Cypermethrin through a Pistol, Walter Jorge dos Santos, Dieter Hofer 712

Relative Cold Tolerance of Boll Weevils from Missouri, Mississippi, and Coastal Texas, Clyde E. Sorenson,

Roy D. Parker, M. Blake Layton 715

Malathion ULV Rate Studies Under Boll Weevil Eradication Program Field Conditions, Robert G. Jones,

Dan A. Wolfenbarger, Osama El-Lissy 717

Efficacy of Malathion ULV on the Cotton Boll Weevil Under Simulated Cool Temperature Regimes, Robert G. Jones,

Jack W. Haynes, Joseph E. Mulrooney 719

Efficacy of ULV Insecticides Against Boll Weevils, J.E. Mulrooney, K.D. Howard, J.E. Hanks, R.G. Jones 720

High Speed Transplanting of Cotton for Trap Crops - A Possible Tactic for Midsouth Boll Weevil Eradication,

T.G. Teague, N.P. Tugwell 721

The Mississippi Cotton Boll Weevil GIS Project -1995 Update, Glenn Wiygul 725

Lower Dosages of Malathion for Boll Weevil Eradication, E.J. Villavaso, J.E. Mulrooney, W.L. McGovern, K. Howard 727

Evaluation of Insecticide Use Termination Rules in Louisiana: A Preliminary Report, K.D. Torrey, J.H. Fife, B.R. Leonard,

R.D. Bagwell, E. Burris, D. Cook 730

Frequency ofInsecticide Applications in Arkansas Fields Approaching Cutout as Defined by Cotman, W.H. King, Jr.,

M.J. Cochran, N.P. Tugwell 732

Population Monitoring ofLygus Hesperus with Female-Baited Traps, John R. McLaughlin 733

Multi-State Sampling for Neozygites Fresenii in Cotton, D.C. Steinkraus, G.O. Boys, R.G. Hollingsworth, J.S. Bacheler,

J.A. Durant, B.L. Freeman, M.J. Gaylor, F.A. Harris, A. Knutson, G.L. Lentz, B.R. Leonard, R. Luttrell, D. Parker,

J.D. Powell, J.R. Ruberson, C. Sorenson 735

Effect of Destruxins from Metarhizium Anisopliae, Ivermectin and Bacillus Thuringiensis Delta-Endotoxins on Adult Silverleaf

Whitefly, Bemisia Argentifolii, Elizabeth W. Davidson, Rufino Patron, Alain Vey, Roger Frutos, Raymond St. Leger,

Lawrence A. Lacey, Donald L. Hendrix 739

Microstructure of Feeding in Nymphal Bemisia Argentifolii in Cotton and Cantaloupe, Allen Carson Cohen, T.J. Henneberry,

Thomas Freeman, Dennis Margosan, P. Vail, Chang-chi Chu 740

Monitoring and Management of Whitefly Resistance to Insecticides in Arizona, T.J. Dennehy, Livy Williams, III,

June S. Russell, Xiaohua Li, Monika Wigert 743

Contrasts of Three Insecticide Resistance Monitoring Methods for Whitefly, A.L. Simmons, T.J. Dennehy 748

Whitefly Control in Arizona: Development of a Resistance Management Program for Imidacloprid,

Livy Williams, III, Timothy J. Dennehy, John C. Palumbo 752

Proclaim: A New Insecticide for Use on Cotton, Denis M. Dunbar, Robert D. Brown, Jack A. Norton, Richard A Dybas 756

Cotton Insect Research and Control Conference, continued

Evaluations of In-Furrow and Foliar Applications ofFipronil and Imidacloprid for Control of Early-Season Pests and Boll Weevil,D.R. Cook, E. Burris, B.R. Leonard 758

Naturalyte Insect Control, G.D. Thompson, P.W. Borth, R.M. Huckaba, T.C. Sparks, J.D. Busacca, B.A. Nead, L.G. Peterson,D.J. Porteous, M.C. Shaw, J.M. Richardson, J.R. Winkle 758

Worldwide Development of Fipronil Insecticide, Nicholas Hamon, Richard Shaw, Henry Yang 759Evaluation of Pirate Against Beet Armyworm and Cabbage Looper in Cotton, Osama El-Lissy, Wendy Shepard,

Randal Schwartz, Frank Myers 765Evaluation of Selected Insecticides and Insecticide Mixtures Against Beet Armyworm and Cabbage Looper on Cotton,

Osama El-Lissy, Wendy Shepard, Randal Schwartz, Frank Myers 767

Comparison of Insecticides for Control of Fleahoppers on Texas Coastal Bend Cotton, Roy D. Parker 769Susceptibility of Lygus Bug Populations in Arizona to Acephate (Orthene®) and Bifenthrin (Capture®) with Related

Contrasts of Other Insecticides, T.J. Dennehy, J.S. Russell 771Seasonal Changes in Pyrethroid Resistance in Tarnished Plant Bug Populations in the Mississippi Delta, G.L. Snodgrass,

W.P. Scott 777

Changes in Tolerance to Insecticides in Tobacco Budworm Populations, 1995, G. W. Elzen 779

Insecticide Resistence ofTobacco Budworm in Southern Tamaulipas, Mexico, A.P. Terdn-Vargas 784

Relay Intercropping: Effect on Predators in Cotton, R. Montandon, J.E. Slosser 786

Evaluation of the Biosprayer for the Application of Trichogramma to Cotton, Allen Knutson 788

A Practical and Economical Insect Management Program for the Upper Coastal Bend of Texas "How We Survived the Beet

Army Worm and Tobacco Budworm Assaults of 1995", Ed Hood 792Susceptibility ofThree Parasitoids ofHeliothis Virescens to Field Rates of Selected Cotton Insecticides, P. Glynn Tillman 793The Hooded Beetle: A Predator of the Tobacco Budworm, Gloria S. McCutcheon, Deborah M. Webster 796

Evaluation of Bacillus Thuringiensis and Ovicide Combinations for Bollworm and Tobacco Budworm, CD. Klein,D.R. Johnson, H.B. Myers, L.M. Page 798

Cultural Control of the Boll Weevil - A Four Season Approach, J.E. Slosser 800Boll Weevil Control with Boll Weevil Attract and Control Tubes 1995, William C. Langston 805

Diflubenzuron and Malathion Ultra Low Volume for Boll Weevil and Beet Armyworm Control under Boll Weevil

Eradication Program Conditions, Robert G. Jones, Osama El-Lissy, Richard R. Minzenmayer 806

The Cooperative Boll Weevil Eradication Program (BWEP): A Growing Success, G.L. Cunningham, W. Grefenstette 808Boll Weevil Emergence Trends Across Oklahoma, 1993 -1995, Miles Karner, Jerry Goodson 808

Field and Greenhouse Performance of Mustang 1.5 EW and Capture 2EC on Immature and Adult Whitefly, C.L. McKenzie,N. C. Toscano, L Beehler 810

Large Scale Whitefly Management and Trials Using Insecticide Rotations to Develop IPM Strategies for Arizona Upland Cotton,D.H. Akey, T.J. Henneberry, T.J. Dennehy, P.C. Ellsworth 817

Silverleaf Whitefly Control in Cotton with Knack Insect Growth Regulator, M.J. Ansolabehere, J.P. Chernicky 819Severity and Distribution of the 1995 Tobacco Budworm Outbreak in Mississippi, M.B. Layton, M.R. Williams, G. Andrews,

S.D. Stewart 820Taken by Storm: A Report ofthe Tobacco Budworm Problem in Mississippi, Michael R. Williams, M. Blake Layton 823Evaluation of Selected Commercial and Experimental Insecticides Against Lepidopteran Cotton Pests in Louisiana, B.R. Leonard,

J.B. Graves, E. Burris, S. Micinski, V. Mascarenhas, S.H. Martin 825Boll Weevil Eradication Status in Texas, Osama El-Lissy, Frank Myers, Ray Frisbie, Tom Fuchs, Don Rummel, Rick Smathers,

Ed King, Fred Planer, Chuck Bare, Frank Carter, Gary Busse, Nolan Niehues, Jack Hayes 831An Analysis of the Beet Armyworm Outbreak on Cotton in the Lower Rio Grande Valley of Texas During the 1995 Production

Season, K.R. Summy, J.R. Raulston, D. Spurgeon, J. Vargas 837Beet Armyworm: Results ofBeltwide Pheromone Trapping, 1994-95, Richard K. Sprenkel, Tracey A. Austin 842

Efficacy of Selected Insecticides Against the Beet Armyworm, Spodoptera Exigua - Field and Laboratory Evaluations,A.N. Sparks, Jr., J. W. Norman, Jr., D.A. Wolfenbarger 844

Occurrence and Control of Beet Armyworm Outbreaks in the Cotton Belt, Scott D. Stewart, M. Blake Layton, Jr.,Michael R. Williams 846

Cotton Aphid Response to Pesticides in San Joaquin Valley Cotton, Beth Grafton-Cardwell, Peter Goodell 849

Chemical Control of Tarnished Plant Bug - Results from Field Cage Studies and Laboratory Bioassays,T.G. Teague, N.P. Tugwell 850

Cotton Insect Management in Transgenic Bt Cotton in the Mississippi Delta, 1992-1995, F.A. Harris,R.E. Fun, Jr., D.S. Calhoun 854

The Role of Provado in Western Cotton IPM Programs, Phil McNally, Walt Mullins 859Performance Summary of Fipronil Insecticide on Cotton, Richard Shaw, H.S. Yang 862Pirate Insecticide-Miticide for Control of Cotton Insects in Mid-South Cotton, Ned M. French, II, C. Andy White,

Kristine M. Treacy 865

Cotton Insect Research and Control Conference, continued

Spinosda and the New Naturalyte Insect Control Class, G.D. Thompson, P. W. Borth, M.C. Shaw, R. W. Huckaba, B.A. Nead,L.G. Peterson, J.M. Richardson, D.J. Porteous870Beneficial Insects - Their Role in Cotton Pest Management Systems Founded on Naturalyte Insect Control, L.G. Peterson,D.J. Porteous, R.M. Huckaba, B.A. Nead, R.L. Gantz, J.M. Richardson, G.D. Thompson 872Result of Naturalyte Insect Control Small Plot and Large Experimental Use Permit Trials in the Mid-Atlantic and Southeast

Cotton Belt During 1995, R.M. Huckaba, L.G. Peterson, A.W. Weiss874Results of Tracer* Naturalyte Insect Control Small Plot and Large Experimental Use Permit Trials in Texas During 1995,D.J. Porteous, J.R. Raines, R.L. Gantz875

Managing Cotton Insect Pests in the Mid-South Cotton Belt with Naturalyte Insect Control in 1995, B.A. Nead,S.P. Nolting, P.W. Borth, J.R. Raines

875Management of Secondary Pests in South Carolina Cotton, M. Sullivan, T.W. Smith, Jr., S. Turnipseed, T. Walker 877Cotton Bollworm Control in North China in 1995, C.F. Sheng 878IPM: Alive and Well in South Carolina, M.E. Roof, J.A. DuRant

882Toxicity of Acephate, Cypermethrin, and Oxamyl to Tarnished Plant Bugs in Vial Bioassays and Cage Studies on Cotton,J.H. Pankey, B.R. Leonard, J.B. Graves, E. Burris

882Control of Tarnished Plant Bug with Beauveria Bassiana and Interactions with Imidacloprid, D.C. Steinkraus 888Lepton HTK: A Diagnostic Test Kit to Improve Cotton Insect Control, R.J. Cibulsky, SenSeong Ng 889Cotton Aphid Insecticide Efficacy Trials in the Mississippi Delta in 1995, R.E. Furr, Jr., F. A. Harris 891Cotton Aphid Infestations in Mississippi: Efficacy of Selected Insecticides and Impact on Yield, M.B. Layton, H.R. Smith

G. Andrews892

Results of Wildlife Monitoring as Required under Furadan 4F Insecticide/Nematicide Section 18 Exemptions, T.I. Crumby,P. Mastrangelo, C. (Bo) Sloan, B. Finlayson, R. Hosea, M. Trostle, T. Mitchell, S. Wells, M. Karner 894Six Years of Area-Wide Management of Bollworm/Budworm with Pathogens - What Does it Mean and Where Do

We Go from Here, D.D. Hardee, M.R. Bell897MVP® II: An Update on the Encapsulated Bacillus Thuringiensis (Bt) Bioinsecticide, R.A. Haygood, P.S. Zorner,

G.A. Bradfisch902

Interaction of Cotesia Marginiventris Parasitization and Field Applied Bacillus Thuringiensis, Thiodicarb, and Their Combinationon Tobacco Budworm Mortality and Parasitoid Emergence, D.W. Atwood, S.Y. Young, III, T.J. Kring 905

Activity of Different Formulations of Bacillus Thuringiensis on Lepidoptera in Cotton, S. Shane Hand, K. Knighten,R.G. Luttrell

908Alternatives to Management and Control of Tobacco Budworm, Heliothis Virescens, Populations, D.R. Johnson, H.B. Myers,

CD. Klein, L.D. Page911

Impact of Insect-Specific AaHIT Gene Insertion on Inherent Bioactivity ofBaculovirus Against Tobacco Budworm, HeliothisVirescens, and Cabbage Looper, Trichoplusia Ni, M.F. Treacy, J.N. All 911

Effects of Large Scale Bt Cotton Production on Tobacco Budworm Populations, Wade Worley, Frank Mitchener,Tucker Miller, III, R.G. Luttrell, J.C Schneider

917Management Strategies for Large Scale Planting ofBt Cotton, H.T. Miller, III 920Influence of Refugia on Movement and Distribution of Bollworm/Tobacco Budworm Larvae in Bollgard Cotton,

John A. DuRant, M.E. Roof, O.L. May, J.P. Anderson 921Inter-Plant Movement and Suppression ofTobacco Budworm in Mixtures of Transgenic Bt and Non-Transgenic Cotton,

J.L. Halcomb, J.H. Benedict, J.C. Correa, D.R. Ring 924Potential Utility and Susceptibility ofTransgenic Bt Cotton Against Bollworms, European Corn Borers and Stfnk Bugs in NC,

J.S. Bacheler, D.W. Mott927

Effects ofNatural Enemy Conservation and Planting Date on the Susceptibility ofBt Cotton to Helicoverpa Zea inNorth Carolina, A.L. Lambert, J.R. Bradley, Jr., J.W. Van Duyn 931

Strategies for Managing Stink Bugs in Transgenic B.t. Cotton, S.G. Turnipseed, J.K. Greene 935Stink Bug Thresholds in Transgenic B.t. Cotton, J.K. Greene, S.G. Turnipseed 936A Review of Gaucho® Seed Treatment Insecticide Trials Across the Midsouth and Southeast, Charles T. Graham, Jr. 938Effects of Early Season Thrips Feeding on Root Development, Leaf Area and Yield, B.A. Roberts, E.A. Rechel 939The Effect of Early Season Terminal Bud and Square Removal on Cotton Yields in North Carolina, Robert A. Ihrig,

J.R. Bradley, Jr., John Van Duyn, Ames Herbert 941Early-Season Insect Control with Provado in the Mississippi Delta, Alan Hopkins, Fred Donaldson 945The Importance of Provado for Earliness Management in Cotton, Lyndon K. Almand 948Efficacy and Duration of Early Season Insecticide Applications, J.T. Ruscoe, G.L Andrews, J.B. Phelps 955The Effects ofEarly Season Insect Control on Fruiting Characteristics of Cotton, Jay Phelps, Jon Ruscoe, Gordon L Andrews

. . 956Diapause Induction in the Boll Weevil, T.L Wagner, E.J. Villavaso 957Predicting Boll Weevil Overwintering Survival and Spring Emergence in the Rolling Plains of Texas, M.N. Parajulee,

L.T. Wilson, S. Bozkurt, D.R. Rummel, S.C Carroll, P. J. Trichilo 963

Cotton Insect Research and Control Conference, continued

A Comparison of Emergence of Overwintered Boll Weevil Populations in NE Arkansas Using GIS, D.H. Brannon,H.D. Scott, A. Mauromoustakos, D.R. Johnson, N.P. Tugwell 969

Survival of Boll Weevils Exposed to Freezing Temperatures with and Without Ice Nucleators,Clyde E. Sorenson, Milon George 969

Movement ofBoll Weevils Relative to Cotton Plant Phenology, J.R. Coppedge, G.D. Jones, T. M. O'Neil, J.R. Raulston,D.W. Spurgeon, E. Salgado 972

Pollen Feeding by Overwintering Boll Weevils, G.D. Jones, J.R. Coppedge 976

Evaluation ofHarvest-Aid Chemicals for Early Fall Termination of Cotton as a Boll Weevil Management Strategy,L.E. Clark, J.E. Slosser, E.P. Boring, T.W. Fuchs, R.R. Minzenmayer 977

Late Season Control of Boll Weevil, H.B. Meyers, D.R. Johnson, CD Klein, A.K. Holliday 982

Boll Weevil Reproductive Development Responses to Crowding and Variations in Host Quality, D.W. Spurgeon,J.R. Raulston 983

Mortality ofTarnished Plant Bug and Boll Weevils to Provado and Different Formulations ofFipronil, W.P. Scott,G.L Snodgrass, D.A. Adams 987

Fipronil: A Major Advance for the Control of Boll Weevil in Colombia, Nicholas M. Hamon, Hernando Gamboa,Jairo Ernesto Melgarejo Garcia 990

Final Evaluation of 1994 Boll Weevil Bait Stick Test in Noxubee County, MS, Bill McGovern, Eric Villavaso,Gerald McKibben 994

Integration of Boll Weevil Attract and Control Tubes in Cotton Ipm Programs: Preliminary Findings in Tennessee,Phillip Roberts, John Bradley 997

BWACT Test Results from Isolated Boll Weevil Infested Cotton Zones in Northwest Louisiana from 1994 -1995,Thomas A. Plato 1000

Second Year Boll Weevil Control Results with BWACT from Alabama, Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri,Tennessee and Texas in Low and Heavily Infested Zones, T.A. Plato, J.C. Plato, Jorge E. Gonzalez 1002

Variation in Bemisia Tabaci Populations, Based on Host Plant Associations, Developmental Statistics and Growth

Parameters in Egypt, Malak F. Gergis, KhakafM. Adam 1007

Photosynthesis and Stomatal Conductance of Cotton Infested by Different Whitefly Threshold Levels, W.L. Yee,N.C. Toscano, C.C. Chu, T.J. Henneberry, R. L. Nichols 1011

Cotton Leaf Surface Features Serve as Behavioral Cues to the Silverleaf Whitefly, Allen Carson Cohen, Chang-chi Chu,T.J. Henneberry, Thomas Freeman, James Buckner, Dennis Nelson 1017

Sticky Cotton and Reduction of Lint Stickiness, C.C. Chu, T.J. Henneberry, H.H. Perkins, Jr., D.L. Hendrix, Terry Steele .... 1020

SilverleafWhitefly in the San Joaquin Valley - Year 4, Larry Godfrey, Charlie Summers, Peter Goodell 1023SilverleafWhiteflies and Cotton LeafHairs, Lower Rio Grande Valley, 1994-1995, John W. Norman, Jr., Alton N. Sparks, Jr. 1026

Chemical Control of SilverleafWhitefly in Cotton, with Karate in Mixture with Conventional Insecticides, in Mexico,A. Obando, N Darby, L. Navarro 1027

Development and Evaluation of a Bemisia Argentifolii Trap for Survey and Monitoring Adult Population Density, C.C. Chu,T.J. Henneberry, A.C Cohen 1029

Evaluation ofInsecticide Rotations and Mixtures for Delaying Insecticide Resistance in Whiteflies in Imperial Valley, CA,A'. Prabhaker, N.C. Toscano, S.J. Castle, T.J. Henneberry 1031

Trends in Relative Susceptibilities of Whiteflies to Insecticides Through the Cotton Season in the Imperial Valley, CA,S.J. Castle, T.J. Henneberry, N. Prabhaker, N.C. Toscano 1032

Seasonal Control of Sweetpotato Whiteflies in Cotton Using Aerial Electrostatic Charged Sprays, M.A. Latheef J.B. Carlton,l.W.Kirk 1035

Cotton Pesticide Deposition from Aerial Electrostatic Charged Sprays, J.B. Carlton, I.W. Kirk, M.A. Latheef 1036Control of Insects with Ovasyn Tank Mixtures in Western Cotton, Dale Comer, Phillip Odom 1040Persistence of Dimilin® (Diflubenzuron) on Cotton Foliage as Determined by Beet Armyworm (Spodoptera Exigua") Bioassay,

R.T. Weiland, P.T. McDonald, N. Melninkaitis 1040

Efficacy of Registered and Experimental Insecticides Against Beet Armyworm, V.J. Mascarenhas, B.R. Leonard, E. Burris,J.B. Graves 1044

Attrition of Beet Armyworm Pupae in Insecticide-Treated and Untreated Cotton, John R. Ruberson, Stanley K. Diffie,Gary A. Herzog, Max H. Bass 1045

Microbial Control of Tobacco Budworm and Beet Armyworm in Alabama Cotton, W.J. Moar, R.G McCollum 1048

Performance ofDimilin® 21 (Diflubenzuron) in the Control of Beet Armyworm (Spodoptera Exigua) in Cotton, R.T. Weiland,K.H. Griffith, W.S. Mclntire, A.W. Dalrymple, J.G. Cornell 1050

Biochemical Mechanisms of Pyrethroid Resistance in Cypermethrin-Selected Heliothis Virescens, S.A. Ibrahim, A.M. Younis,J.A. Ottea 1054

Status ofInsecticide Resistance in Tobacco Budworm and Bollworm in Louisiana During 1995, R.D. Bagwell, J.B. Graves,B.R. Leonard, E. Burris, S. Micinski, J.H. Fife, V. Mascarenhas 1059

Cotton Insect Research and Control Conference, continued

Curacron Resistance Monitoring - 1995 Survey Results, H.W. Ray, D.V. Allemann, N.D. Ngo, S.T. Moore, Sr. 1067Differences in Heliothis Virescens Resistance Development after Laboratory Selection with Profenofos, Thiodicarband Cypermethrin, G.H. Ernst, F. Zambrano, G. Pinzon, Y. Mosos

1069Target Site Resistance to Pyrethroids in Larval and Adult Tobacco Budworms. Heliothis Viresceqs. Jonathan W. Holloway,Jocelyn E. Chernetz, B. Roger Leonard, James A. Ottea1071Insect Population Dynamics in San Joaquin Valley Cotton Fields, P.B. Goodell, Simon Narbeth 1075Control of Pink Bollworm Pectinophora Gossypiella (Saunders) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) Larvae in Arizona andTexas Cotton Fields Using the Entomopathogenic Nematode Steinernema Riobravis (Cabanillas, Poinar,and Raulston) (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae), D.H. Gouge, L.L. Reaves, M.M. Stoltman, J.R. Van Berkum,R.A. Burke, L.J. Forlow-Jech, T.J. Henneberry1078An Integrated Approach to Areawide Pink Bollworm Management in Arizona, L. Antilla, M. Whitlow, R.T. Staten,O. El Lissy, F. Myers1083Development of a Novel Sprayable Pheromone Product for Pink Bollworm Control, Kirk Smith, Tom Walgenbach, JeffSpringer 1085Use of Satellite Images to Optimize Regional Management Strategies: Adapting a Classification Process to Map Cotton Fields,P.J. Trichilo, LT. Wilson, R.K. Haldenby1086

Toxicity of Aqueous Formulations of Bifenthrin and Malathion to Boll Weevil, D.A. Wolfenbarger 1090Suppression of the Boll Weevil in Organic Cotton by Release of Catolaccus Grandis as Part of the Southern Rolling Plain Boll WeevilEradication Program, R.J. Coleman, J.A. Morales-Ramos, E.G. King, LA. Wood 1094Orcadian Rhythms ofOviposition and Emergence of the Ectoparasitoid Catolaccus Grandis (Hymenoptera: Pteromolidae),S.M. Greenberg, J.A. Morales-Ramos, EG. King

1095Comparison of In Vivo Versus In V/rro-Reared Catolaccus Grandis in the Field, J.A. Morales-Ramos, M.G. Rojas, R.J. Coleman,S.M. Greenberg, K.R. Summy, E.G. King1099Laboratory Evaluation of First, Second, Fifth, and Tenth In Vi'fro-Reared Generations ofCatolaccus Grandis, M.G. Rojas,

J.A. Morales-Ramos, E.G. King1104Continued Studies of Insect Population Dynamics in Crimson Clover & Refugia/Cotton Systems. Part I: Sweep & Whole Plant Sampling,W. JoeLewis, PhilipB. Haney, SharadPhatak1108Continued Studies of Insect Population Dynamics in Crimson Clover and Refugia/Cotton Systems. Part U: Pitfall Trap Sampling,

PhilipB. Haney, W. JoeLewis, SharadPhatak1115Mafes Cotton Insect Pest Management Project: Overview and First Year Results, J.T. Reed, R.G. Luttrell, F.A. Harris, S. Stewart

.... 1119A Multi-State Validation ofInsecticide Termination Rules Based upon the Cotman Plant Monitoring System: An Overview, P. O'Leary,M. Cochran, P. Tugwell, A. Harris, J. Reed, R. Leonard R- Bagwell, J. Benedict, J. Leser, K. Hake, O. Abaye, E. Herbert.. 1121A Multi-State Validation ofInsecticide Termination Rules Based upon the Cotman PlantMonitoring System: Preliminary Results,M. Cochran, D. Danforth, N.P. Tugwell, A. Harris, J. Reed, J. Benedict, R. Leonard R- Bagwell, O. Abaye,

E. Herbert, P. O'Leary1124

Efficacy ofMiticides in California Cotton, Steve Wright, ManuelJimenez, John Shriver 1128Evaluation ofTwo Seasons ofAcaricide Rotation Trials on Spider Mite (Acari: Tetranychidae) Resistance in San Joaquin Valley Cotton,

Samuel J. Bruce-Oliver, Beth Grafton-Cardwell 1128Study for Comparing the Efficiency of Certain Acaricides Against Tetranychus Urtica Koch under Laboratory and Field Conditions,

A.M. Younis, S.A. Ibrahim1131

Control Studies with Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus on Armyworm, Bollworm and Tobacco Budworm in Cotton - Mexico, 1995,N.D. Darby, A. Obando

1134Utilization ofBiopesticides in Managing the Cotton Pest Complex in India, G.P. Gupta, KirtiSharma 1135Response of Whitefly Populations to Imidacloprid in Stressed and Unstressed Irrigated Cotton,

Dan A. Wolfenbarger, Charles G. Cook1140

Cotton Physiology Conference

The Optimum Plant Growth Regulation System for Southeastern Cotton Producers, Year 2, O.J. Turner, N 1145Evaluation ofPGR-TV in South Carolina, K.E. Lege, M.J. Sullivan, J.T. Walker, T. Smith 1146Mid-Flowering Application of PGR-IV to Enhance Cotton Maturity and Yield, /. T. Cothren, J.A. Landivar, DM. Oosterhuis 1149Farm Verification of Active Bloom Applications of PGR-IV to Enhance Yield and Maturity, Joseph A. Hickey 1150Effect ofIn-Furrow Treatments at Planting upon Early Season Vigor, B.J. Phipps, W.E. Stevens, J.N. Ward J.B. Mobley 1150Effect ofRyzup Plant Growth Regulator on Lint Yield and Plant Development, KaterHake, Koy Stair 1152Development and Evaluation of the Average Five Internode Length Technique to Determine Time of Mepiquat Chloride Application,

J.A. Landivar, J.T. Cothren, S. Livingston 1153Effect of Bensulfuron on Cotton Growth and Development, CD. Monks, M.G. Patterson, D. Delaney 1156Early Season Uses of Pix on the Texas High Plains, Russ Perkins 1156

Cotton Physiology Conference, continued

Comparison of the New Pix DF® Formulation to the Standard Pix© Liquid Formulation, D.J. Munier, B.L Weir, R.N. Vargas,A. Wrona, B.A. Roberts

1157Effect of Pix Growth and Yield of Pima Cotton in the San Joaquin Valley of California, B. Weir, R. Vargas, D. Munk,

S. Wright, M. Keely 1157Defoliation of Cotton with Ginstar on Western Cotton, Phil Odom, Dale Comer, Gary Schwarzlose, Stan Lehman, Dr. Fred Strachan

.1159

Evaluation of CGA-248757 as a Cotton Defoliant/Desiccant, H. Ray Smith, Gary Cloud, James Holloway, Patrick Kennedy,J. Driver, W. Bachman

1159International Experience with Finish (Cyclanilide + Ethephon) Boll Opener & Defoliant, T.G. Szoke, R.J. Manlove 1159

Ethephon Effects on Boll Opening and Earliness of Early- and Late-Planted 'Deltapine 50', CO. Gwathmey, R.M. Hayes 1161Application ofSub-Lethal Rates of Glyphosate to Control Regrowth in Cotton: Summary of Three Years Research, J.A. Landivar,

K. Creekmore, D. Moseley 1161

Relationship Between Dryland Cotton Yields and Weather Parameters on the Southern High Plains, J.K. Miller,D.R. Krieg, R.E. Peterson

1165Photoperiod Effect on the Ethylene Production of Cotton, R.LJasoni, J.T. Cothren 1166Potassium Uptake Kinetics ofCotton as Influenced by Foliar-Applied K, J.K. Keino, CA. Beyrouty, DM. Oosterhuis, E.E. Gbur

.... 1167The Effect of Polymer Film Coatings on Cottonseed Imbibition, Electrical Conductivity, Germination, and Emergence,

T.H. Struve, N.W. Hopper 1167Relationship Between Cotton Seedling Cold Tolerance and Physical and Chemical Properties, T.R. Speed D.R. Krieg, G. Jividen

.... 1170

Cloning and Characterization ofCotton Fiber Genes Encoding Lipid Transfer Protein, H. C. Liu, D.P. Ma 1171Molecular Cloning of a Cotton Fiber Specific cDNA Encoding Cell Wall Protein, H. Tan, D.P. Ma 1172

Progress Towards Genotype Independent Transformation, Linda K. Koonce, Jane Dever, Teresa Burns, Norma Trolinder 1173New Developments in Fiber Initiation, R.B. Turley, D.L Ferguson 1173Characterization of the Tonoplast Intrinsic Protein in Cotton (Gossypium Hirsutum L), David L Ferguson, Rickie B. Turley 1173

Effect ofIrrigation Timing on Long-Fiber Mote Frequency, G. Davidonis, A. Johnson, J. Landivar 1174Mechanisms of Cool Temperature Inhibition of Cotton Fiber Cellulose Synthesis, Candace H. Haigler, A. ScottHoladay,

L Kirt Martin, James G. Taylor 1174Antioxidant Response to Cold Stress During Fiber Development, D.R. Gossett, S.W. Banks, M.C Lucas, E.P. Millhollon 1175Cotton Abscission: Ultrastructural Features and Expression of Abscission-Specific Genes, CurtM. Peterson, Narendra Singh,

Liwei Chen, Roland Dute 1177Glutathione S-Transferase Activity in Cotton Plants and Callus Subjected to Salt Stress, M.C. Lucas, T. Fowler, D.R. Gossett 1177Isolation, Cloning and Overexpression ofthe Cotton Rubisco Activase Gene, M.E. Salvucci, F.J. van de Loo 1178

Biosynthesis of N-Acylphosphatidylethanolamine in Germinating Cottonseeds, KentD. Chapman 1181Volatile Terpene Profiles ofA, D, and AD Genome Cottons: Implications for Origin of AD Species, A.A. Bell, E. Percival,

Howard J. Williams 1181Differential Expression of (+)6-Cadinene Synthases in Cotton Cells, P. Heinstein, H. Lin, X-Y. Chen, V.J. Davisson 1182Induction ofHMGR, 6-Cadinene Cyclase and Phytoalexins in Resistant and Susceptible Cotton by Verticillium Dahliae, G. Bianchini,

C.R. Benedict, C Magill, R.D. Stipanovic, A.A. Bell 1183

Gossypol Biosynthesis IV. The Amino Acid Similarity of Terpenoid Cyclases, C Magill, G. Bianchini, C R. Benedict 1184Response ofOkra-Leaf Isolines from Four Contrasting Modern Cotton Cultivars to 76-cm Rows, J.J. Heitholt, W.R. Meredith, Jr.

...1186

Influence ofUltraNarrow Row on Cotton Growth and Development, S.D.Atwell 1187Impacts of Temik on Cotton in Nematode Soils, William H. McCarty, H. Randall Smith, Jay Phelps 1188

Changing Cultural Practices in California's Imperial Valley, Anne F. Wrona, Kim A. Hoelmer, P. Shouse, R.B. Hutmacher 1188Can Cotton Yield Be Increased by Improving Photosynthetic Capacity?, K.L Faver, T.J. Gerik 1189Can Cotton Crops Be Sustained in Future Climates?, K. Raja Reddy, H.F. Hodges, J.M. McKinion 1189

Comparison of Vigor Indices for Irrigated Desert Cotton, J.C. Silvertooth, E.R. Norton, P.W. Brown 1196Using Plant Map Data to Identify Early-Season Management Problems in Cotton, D.S. Munk, J.F. Wroble 1197CottonPro: Software for Plant Mapping and Analysis, Richard E. Plant, Linda G. Bernheim 1198Influence of Seasonal Patterns ofFlower Removal on Cotton Growth and Development, M.A. Jones, R. Wells, D. Guthrie 1200

Physiological Aspects of Potassium Deficiency in Cotton, Derrick M. Oosterhuis, Craig W. Bednarz 1201Nutrient Management Programs for Cotton Growers in the Texas Coastal Plain: Petiole Testing, Daniel J. Lawlor 1201Mineral Nutrition and Ozone Damage to Pima Cotton, D.A. Grantz, S. Yang 1203Speck Trek, G.H. Davidonis, J.M. Bradow, O. Hinojosa, J.A. Landivar, P.J. Bauer 1204

Glycoconjugate Analysis ofDeveloping Cotton Fibers from Several Varieties Grown on the Same Site,Allen K. Murray, Judy Brown 1205

Essential Steps to Successful Ultra Narrow Row Cotton Production, S. Atwell, R. Perkins, B. Guice, W. Stewart,J. Harden, T. Odeneal 1210

Effect of Nitrogen Level and Mepiquat Chloride (Pix) upon Maturity, B.J. Phipps, W.E. Stevens, J.B. Mobley, J.N. Ward 1211Mepiquat Chloride Applications Based on Plant Monitoring, Ken E. Lege" 1212

Cotton Physiology Conference, continued

Field Evaluation ofPlant Growth Regulators forEffect on the Growth and Yield ofCotton Summary of 1995 Results,DM. Oosterhuis, J.N. Egilla1213Effect ofSeed Treatment with a Plant Growth Regulator on the Emergence and Growth of Cotton

(Gossypium Hirsutum L.) Seedlings, J.N. Egilla, DM. Oosterhuis1216Increased Root Development in Herbicide Treated Soil from Early Harvest PGR Seed Treatments, Mark Crawford,BondMcInnes, Wilson Faircloth1216Opitmized Timing ofCyclone Applications for Cotton Desiccation, Stephen P. Biles, J.T. Cothren1216Heat Unit Effects on Harvest-Aid Performance of Finish in the North Delta, Bob Hayes, Owen Gwathmey, Claude Bonner,Bill Robertson, Earl Varies, Gene Stevens, Bobby Phipps1218Response ofCotton to Early Defoliation in the Yaqui Valley, Mexico, ArturoHemdndez-Jasso, Francisco J. Gutierrez-Zamorano

.. . 1219Effect of Adjuvants on Dropp® Defoliant at Conventional and Ultra-Low Spray Volumes, E.J. Jones, J.E. Hank, G.D. Wills 1221Evaluation of Ginstar as a Cotton Defoliant for Central Arizona, John M. Nelson, Garry L Hart 1221Defoliation Screening Studies in California Acala Cotton, Steve Wright, Bruce Roberts, Ron Vargas, Manuel Jimenez, Jr.,Tome'MartinDuvall1223Effect of pH on the Efficacy of Foliar-Applied Potassium on Cotton, A.J. Steger, DM. Oosterhuis, M.A. Chang 1223Subsurface Microirrigation Placement Effects on Cotton LeafN and Water Potential, Philip J. Bauer, Patrick G. Hunt, Carl R. Camp . 1224Carbon Balance of PGR-IV-Treated Cotton Plants Grown under Two Irrigation Regimes, J. Cadena, J.T. Cothren 1225Water and Osmotic Potential in Roots and Leaves of Cotton, A.L Nepomuceno, DM. Oosterhuis, J.M. Stewart 1233Photosynthetic Response and Carbon Isotope Discrimination ofCotton (Gossypium Hirsutum L.) in Response to Potassium Deficiency,C.W. Bednarz, DM. Oosterhuis, R.D. Evans1233Photosynthesis and Translocation of Sugars in Cotton Plants Subject to Drought Stress after Mepiquat Chloride Applications,J.A. Landivar, Celso JamilMarur1234Cotton Growth and Development under Different Tillage Systems, C. W. Kennedy, R.L Hutchinson 1234Cotton Seedling Shoot and Root Growth Responses to Light Reflected fromStraw-Covered Versus Bare Soil, M.J. Kasperbauer .... 1235Cotton Canopy Structure, Light Absorption, and Growth in the San Joaquin Valley ofCalifornia, S.J. Maas 1235Effects ofShade on Cotton Carbohydrate Metabolism and Square Development, DuliZhao, Derrick Oosterhuis 1237Low Light Conditions Compromise the Quality ofFiber Produced, W.T. Pettigrew 1238Limitations to Optimal Carbon Uptake Within a Cotton Canopy, G.F. Sassenrath-Cole, J.J. Heitholt 1239Response ofLeafAnthocyanin Levels to Cutout, Randy Wells1240Laboratory Tests Used to Screen for Chilling Tolerance in Cotton Genotypes, D.H. Schulze, N.W. Hopper, J.R. Gannaway,GM. Jividen

1240Isolation ofcDNA Clones from Petiole Abscission Zones of Cotton, Liwei Chen, Curt M. Peterson, Narendra K. Singh 1243Evaluation of Selected Amino Acids on Embryogenesis of Cotton, Zhenshou Ke, J. McD. Stewart 1246The Relationship Between Seed Quality, Time ofRadicle Emergence, and PlantPerformance of Cotton under Competitive andNoncompetitive Situations, Dennis B. Reginelli, Charles C Baskin

1246Cotton Fiber Development: Growth and Energy Content ofDeveloping Cotton Fruits, G.F. Sassenrath-Cole, P.A. Hedin 1247Cotton Fiber Physical and Physiological Maturity Variation in Response to Genotype and Environment, Judith M. Bradow,Gretchen F. Sassenrath-Cole, OscarHinojosa, Lynda H. Wartelle1251The Use of Glycoconjugate Analysis to Monitor Growth and Environmental Stress in Developing Cotton Fibers,Allen K. Murray ....1255Assay and Quantification ofActin in Developing Cotton Fibers, Lawrence Higginbotham, William J. Campbell, Barbara A. Triplett .. 1259

Cotton Quality Measurements Conference

Process Capability of the Zellweger 900-Automatic with Dual Color Heads: A Comparison of 1994 and 1995 Results,Garry L Lewicki, Mary H. Fairley

1265Mechanical Processing Effects on the White Speck Phenomena, P.D. Bel-Berger, W.R. Goynes, T.M. Von Hoven 1268The Flexibility ofHVI Design Elements and its Influence on Fiber Strength, RobertA. Taylor, Luther C. Godbey 1273Spatial Optical Attenuation Corrections for Mass Determination Across Non-uniform Tapered Beards, K.E. Duckett, R.S. Krowkki. .. 1274A New Design in aReference Tensile Tester, K.E. Duckett, R.S. Krowkki, D.P. Thibodeaux 1276

Expansion ofthe Universal Cotton Standards Agreement to Include USDA's HVI Calibration Cottons and Procedures,MaryAtienza, H.H. Ramey, Jr.

1277Environmentally Induced Variations in Cotton Fiber Maturity and Related Yam and Dyed Knit Defects, Judith M. Bradow,

GayleH. Davidonis, OscarHinojosa, Lynda H Wartelle, Kevin J. Pratt, KittyPusateri, Philip J. Bauer, Bobby Fisher,Gretchen F. Sassenrath-Cole, Phiroze H. Dastoor, Ann Johnson, Juan A. Landivar, Darlene Locke, Darryl Moseley 1279New Developments in Single Fiber Fineness and Maturity Measurements, Gordon F. Williams, Joseph M. Yankey 1284

Predicting Neps in Ginned Fiber Using Afis Immature Fiber Fraction Values and Seed Weight Distributions, G. Davidonis,A. Johnson, 0. Hinojosa, J. Landivar

1289

Cotton Quality Measurements Conference, continued

Determination ofWall Thickness and Perimeter by FMT and Diode Array HVI. Part 1: Data Analysis and Results, SM. Buco,

J.G. Montalvo, Jr., S.E. Faught, E. Stark, K. Luchter 1289

Determination ofWall Thickness and Perimeter by FMT and Diode Array HVI. Part 2: FMT Headspace Resistance Standards,J.G. Montalvo, Jr., S.E. Faught 1290

Microscopic Tracking of White-Speck Defects from Bale to Fabric, W.R. Goynes, B.F. Ingber, P.D. Bel-Berger,D.P. Thibodeaux, P. Dastoor 1292

The Fine Structure ofDeveloping Cotton Fibers, You-Lo Hsieh 1294

The Importance ofCotton Crystallite Orientation Angle in Evaluation of Bundle and/or Yarn Tensile Properties,Lloyd B. De Luca, Devron P. Thibodeaux 1296

Small Bundle Tensile Properties ofCotton Related to Mantis® and HVT Data - A Road to Yarn Strength Prediction,

Moon W. Suh, Xiaoliang Cui, Preston E. Sasser 1296

Effect of Moisture on Cotton Fiber Strength, James L Knowlton 1300Bacterial Genera Associated with Nonsticky, Mildly Sticky and Sticky Western Cottons, David T. W. Chun, Henry H. Perkins, Jr.

.... 1305

Cotton Plant Sugars and Insect Honeydew Characterized by High Performance Liquid Chromatography,Donald E. Brushwood, Henry H. Perkins, Jr. 1310

Prediction of Rotor Spun Cotton Yarn Quality: A Comparison of Neural Network and Regression Algorithms,Dean Ethridge, Reiyao Zhu 1314

Improvement of HVI Measurement Precision. Part 1: Use of HVI for Breeding Programs; MCI Sampling Device Effect,

Jean-Paul Gourlot, Michele Vialle, Serge Lassus, Sandrine Duplan, Chantale Brunissen, Veronique Fallet 1317

Improvement of HVI Measurement Precision. Part 2: Use ofHVI for Breeding Programs: MCI Sampling Device Improvement,Jean-Luc Chanselme, Jean-Paul Gourlot, Omar Tamime 1323

FCT - Fiber Contamination Tester - a New Instrument for the Rapid Measurement ofStickiness, Neps, Seed-Coat Fragments and

Trash - for the Ginner to the Spinner, U. Mor 1329

Applying PCA to Examine the Influence ofFiber Properties on Roving and Yarn Quality Characteristics,

Wen-Bin Yu, Clarence D. Rogers 1331

Influence of Reworkable Waste on Yarn Quality, Pamela Strause, Dr. Clarence Rogers, Wei Tian 1334The Characteristic Performance of Naturally Colored Cotton, Hong Yin, Clarence Rogers 1335

Characterizing Convolutions in Cotton Fiber Using Image Analysis, Young J. Han, Yong-Jin Cho, Wade E. Lambert,

Charles K. Bragg 1337

Son, Management and Plant Nutrition Conference

Cotton Response to Multiple Split Applications of Nitrogen, M.W. Ebelhar, R.A. Welch 1345

Early and Mid-Season Advantages of Folocron, a Slow Release Nitrogen Fertilizer, S.G. Morse, DM. Oosterhuis 1348

A Look at CRP Land: Returning to Cotton Production, Joe Johnson, Keith McGregor, Seth Dabney 1351

Nutritional Guidelines for Potassium in Cotton, B. Weir, R. Miller, D. Munk, B. Rains, B. Roberts, R. Travis, R. Vargas,S. Wright, M. Keeley 1353

Nitrogen Accumulation in Cotton Fertilized by Subsurface Irrigation and Gossym/Comax Management, P.G. Hunt, CR. Camp,P.J. Bauer, T.A. Matheny 1353

Atmospheric Co2 Enrichment ofCotton: Root Distribution and Nutrient Uptake as Affected by Phosphorus Placement,S.A. Prior, H.H. Rogers, G.L Mullins, G.B. Runion 1354

Cotton Yield Response to the Application of Organic and Inorganic Nitrogen, A.S. Negatu, K.C. Reddy, CH. Burmester 1356

Denim Sludge as a Soil Amendment: Effects on Cotton Growth Parameters, D.O. Porter, R.P. Porter 1358

Cotton Response to Foliar Applied Urea and Triazone Nitrogen in South Texas, B.W. Wallace, F.M. Hons, R.P. Wiedenfeld 1361

Acala Cotton Responses to Limiting Nitrogen: Plant and Soil N Status, Growth, R.B. Hutmacher, S.S. Vail, K.R. Davis, M.S. Peters,C.A. Hawk, T. Pflaum, D. Clark, D.A. Ballard, N. Hudson, B. Weir, M. Keeley 1366

Nitrogen Rates and Mepiquat Chloride Effects on Cotton Lint Yield and Quality, M.W. Ebelhar, R.A. Welch, W.R. Meredith, Jr. 1373

Soil Microbial Biomass and Nitrogen Mineralization Influenced by Tillage Practices and Fertilizers, X. Liu, J.E. Matocha 1379

Yield Response ofIrrigated and Rainfed Cotton to Row Spacing, N Rate and Plant Population Density, D.J. Boquet, A.B. Coco 1384

Implementation of N Management Strategies for Irrigated Cotton, J.C. Silvertooth, E.R. Norton 1386

Alabama's "Old Rotation" 100 Years of Cotton Research, Charles C. Mitchell 1387

Utilization ofPotassium Buffering Capacity to Predict Cotton Yield Response to Potassium Fertilizer: 1992-1994, J.G. Davis, O. Abaye,W. Baker, P. Bauer, R. Boman, T. Cothren, J. Fowler, E. Funderburg, W. Gass, M. Hickey, S. Hodges, D. Howard, J. Kovar,D. Krieg, C. Mitchell, G. Mullins, F. Rhoads, B. Roberts, J. Silvertooth, J. Varco, W. Weir, L West 1391

Effect ofN Rate and Placement on No-Tillage Cotton, D.D. Howard 1394

Fertilizer N and Legume Cover Crop Management Effects on No-Till Cotton Production, J.M.Thompson, J.J. Varco 1395

No-Tillage and Reduced Tillage Cotton Production in South Texas, James R. Smart, Joe M. Bradford 1397

Soil Management and Plant Nutrition Conference, continued

Developing Conservation Tillage Systems for the Tennessee Valley Region in Alabama, D.W. Reeves, C.H. Burmester,R.L Raper, E.C Burt

1401Effect ofTillage Practices on Cotton in Alabama's Coastal Plain, D.P. Delaney, CD. Monks, M.G. Patterson,

K.L Edmisten, D.W. Reeves1403

Managing Cotton for Reduced Wind Damage with Ridge Till Systems, Gene Stevens, Bobby Phipps, JillMobley 1403The Effect of Cover Crop and Crop Rotation on Cotton: Soil-Plant Relationship, DM. Azevedo, J.A. Landivar,

RM. Vieira, D.W. Moseley 1405The Effect of a Cover Crop and Crop Rotation on Cotton: Plant Growth and Yield, Daryl W. Moseley, Demostenes Azevedo,

Juan A. Landivar, Robson Vieira1410

Influence ofCover Crops and Tillage Practices on Soil Nutrient Status, and on Yield and Quality of Cotton, A. O. Abaye, G. Evanylo,J.C. Maitland, W. Wilkinson

1414Effect of Selected Growth Regulators Applied In-Furrow on Conventional and No-Tillage Cotton, D.D. Howard 1414Evaluation of Plant Growth Regulators with Varying Nitrogen Management, M.W. Ebelhar, R.A. Welch 1415Validation of Modeled Soil Solute Profiles in Irrigated Cotton, E.R. Norton, J.C. Silvertooth 1418Diurnal LeafWater Potential for Various Water Supply Amounts, RM. Seymour, KaterHake, WM. Lyle, MM. Stutler 1419Starter Fertilizer Source and Rate Effect on Stand and Growth of Cotton, J.E. Matocha, D.L Coker, F.L Hopper, X.Liu 1421Evaluation of StarterMaterials and Application Methods for No-Tillage Cotton, D.D. Howard 1426Starter Fertilizer and the Method and Rate of Potassium FertilizerEffects on Cotton Grown on Soils with and Without Winter Grazing

by Cattle, Bill H. Bryce, G.L Mullins, C.H. Burmester 1426A Comparison ofThree Soil Test P Extractants on an Alkaline Louisiana Soil, E. Funderburg, J. Kovar, C. Smith, R. Elston 1428Effects ofMethod and Time of Potassium Application on Yield and Quality of Cotton in Virginia, A.O. Abaye, J.C. Maitland

W.B. Wilkinson, DM. Oosterhuis1429

Solution pH Effect on Two K Sources Foliar Applied to Cotton Tennessee, D.D. Howard 1430The Effects of K Fertilization on Reniform Nematode Damage to Cotton, C.C Mitchell, W.S. Gazaway 1430Cotton Response to the Rate and Source ofSulfur on a Sandy Coastal Plain Soil, G.L Mullins 1432

Cotton textile Processing Conference

Bicomponent Spinning of Naturally Colored Cotton Yarns, LB. Kimmel, A.P.S. Sawhney, E.R. Foster, W.D. Cole 1439USDA Report on Module Averaging -1995, J. Jerome Boyd 1443DK 803 - The New Dimension in Cards, Dr. Stefan Schlichter, Dipl.-Ing. F. Leifeld 1448The Influence of Seed Coat Neps in Yam Manufacturing, Peter C Jones, Joseph C. Baldwin 1454Cleaning Experiences with Stripper-Harvested Cottons, John B. Price, Roy V. Baker 1460Quantitative Aspects ofCotton Cleanability, K.Q. Robert 1463A Method for Estimating the Spinning Potential Yam (SPY) Number for Cotton Spun on the Rotor System,

Reiyao Zhu, M. Dean Ethridge 1463Multivariate Analysis in Quality Design ofCotton Blends, M.E. Cabego Silva, A.A. Cabego Silva 1467Backward Projection ofYarn and Fabric Qualities Through Variance Tolerancing Method, Moon W. Suh, JaeL Woo, Hyun-Jin Koo

.1471

Two-Year Production Experiment for Yarn and Fabric Strength Maximization - An Analysis Report, Moon W. Suh, Hyun-Jin Koo ... 1476Nonwoven Cotton Protective Clothing, Glenn P. Morton 1479Artificial Neural Networks Applications in Cotton Spinning Processing, M.E. Cabego Silva, A.A. Cabego Silva,

J.L Samarao, B.N. Nasrallah 1481Process Zone Environmental Control-Weaving, FrederickM. Shofner, Dennis J. Roeder 1484The Covering of Neps and Immature Cotton on Knit and Woven Fabrics by Simple Chemical Pretreatment,

RichardN. Combs, Shridar Chikkodi 1487Dimensional Properties of Cotton Fleece Fabrics, 5. Allan Heap, Jill C Stevens, Don Bailey, Jim Grow 1488A Comparison of the Properties of Cotton-Covered Cotton/Polyester Yams and Fabrics Representing Ring, Friction, and Tandem

Spinning Technologies, P. Radhakrishnaiah, James W. Rose, Thanh Khanh Tran, A.P.S. Sawhney 1491Mechanical and Functional Attributes of a Tandem-Spun-Yam-Fabric, A.P.S. Sawhney, LB. Kimmel, M. Tyndall, P. Radhakrishnaiah 1495The Relationship Between the Bulk ofa Relaxed Skein and the Tactile Properties ofthe Resultant Woven and Knitted Fabrics,

P. Radhakrishnaiah, A.P.S. Sawhney 1497New Finishing Opportunities for Wrinkle-Resistant Cotton, R. Michael Tyndall 1499Cotton in Rugs and Carpets, WolfgangA. Strahl 1501

Laboratory Evaluation ofBlended Cotton/Low-Melt Synthetic Fiber Carpet, Y.K. Kamath, R. Amundson, J. Krone, B. Miller 1507

Cotton Weed Science Research Conference

Report of the 1995 Cotton Weed Loss Committee, J.D. Byrd, Jr. 1513

Cotton Weed Science research Conference, continued

Weed Control in Roundup Ready Cotton in Louisiana, P.R. Vidrine, D.B. Reynolds, J.M. Beauboeuf 1516

Postemergence Control of Devil's-Claw with Buctril in BXN Cotton, CL Jones, J.W. Keeling, P.A. Dotray 1517

Soybean Response to Simulated Drift Rates ofPyrithiobac, W.L Barrentine, J.E. Street 1517

Control ofAnnual and Perennial Grasses in Cotton with Selective Herbicides, TomiM. Martin-Duva.ll, Ron Vargas,Manuel Jimenez, Jr., Steve Wright 1517

MAGMA: A New Soluble Granule Formulation ofMSMA for Cotton, E. Barak 1518

PICK-Mor: A New Cotton Defoliant/Desiccant Harvest Aid from Moore Ag, Gordon Moore, J.J. Caswell, Mark Moore,John Klepper 1518

A Beltwide Overview of"Staple" Performance in Cotton Weed Control Programs, R.G. Turner, LB. Gillham 1520

Postemergence Application of Staple for BroadleafWeed Control in the Southern Rolling Plains of Texas, Billy £ Warrick 1522

Control ofNightshade with Staple and its Effect on Various Rotational Crops in California, Ron Vargas, Tome Martin-Duvall,

Steve Wright, Manuel Jimenez 1524

Preemergence and Postemergence Weed Control in West Texas with "Staple" Herbicide, J.R. Pitts 1525

BroadleafWeed Control in Cotton with Staple -1995, W.M. Hair, EC Murdock, A. Keeton, T.D. Isgett 1527

Control of Velvetleaf in Texas Cotton with Staple Herbicide, P.A. Baumann, J.R. Brooks, G.D. Morgan 1527Zorial in a Weed Control System that Includes Staple, K.L Smith, J.M. Chandler, E.P. Prostko 1527

Sicklepod Management with Staple Systems, P.V. Garvey, J.W. Wilcut, A.C. York 1528

Roundup and Staple Interactions: Weed Control, J.A. Kendig 1528

Weed Management with Roundup-Resistant Cotton, J.M. Robbie, J.W. Wilcut, A.C. York 1528

Roundup Ready Cotton: A Potential New Weed Management Tool for the Texas High Plains, Wayne Keeling, Peter Dotray,Cody Jones, Shay Sunderland 1529

Perennial Weed Control in Roundup Ready Cotton, J.M. Chandler, E.P. Prostko, LD. Bradshaw 1529

BroadleafWeed Control Systems in Roundup Ready Cotton, W.C. Elkins, D.R. Shaw, CE. Snipes 1530

Weed Control in Roundup Ready Cotton, EC Murdock, A. Keeton, T.D. Isgett 1531

How Does Roundup Ready Cotton Compare to Staple, DSMA, and Buctril-BXN Cotton?,

RobertM. Hayes, G. NeilRhodes, Jr., Claude W. Derting 1531

Weed Control Systems in Roundup Ready Cotton, Dewayne L Goldman, Charlie Guy, Marilyn McClelland, Andy Kendig 1532

Weed Management Systems Utilizing Herbicide Resistant Cotton, W.K. Vencill 1532

Weed Management in Conventional Tillage BXN Cotton in North Carolina and Georgia, M.D. Paulsgrove, J. W. Wilcut,A.C. York, James Collins 1533

Effect ofWeed Size and Buctril Rate on Prickly Sida, IvyleafMorningglory, Velvetleaf, and Smooth Pigweed Control,T.C. Mueller, RM. Hayes, W.T. Willian 1534

Weed Management in No-Till BXN Cotton, A.S. Culpepper, A.C. York, J.W. Wilcut 1534Weed Control in BXN Cotton - Performance in 1995 Applied Research and Growers Fields, T.D. Isgett, EC. Murdock, A. Keeton . 1535

Weed Management in Reduced and No-Till BXN Cotton in North Carolina and Georgia with Buctril and Cotoran,R.R. Blum, J.W. Wilcut, A.C.York 1535

Weed Control and Cotton Varietal Sensitivity with Staple Herbicide, M.C. Smith, M.R. McClelland, P.C Carter,C.B. Corkern, D.B. Reynolds 1536

Weed Control and Cotton Tolerance to Varying Systems of Buctril, Staple, and Command Herbicide,P.C. Carter, M.C. Smith, M. McClelland 1540

Weed Management in BXN Cotton with Soil and Postemergence Herbicides in North Carolina, J. Isgrigg, III, J. W. Wilcut,A.C. York, T. Baughman 1540

Johnsongrass Control Is Antagonized by Buctril-Graminicide Combinations, CB. Corkern, D.B. Reynolds, P.R. Vidrine,J.L Griffin, D.L Jordan 1541

Morningglory Control with Staple and Buctril Applied in a Low Volume Spray, J.A. Tredaway, M.G. Patterson 1541

Weed Management in Reduced and No-Till BXN Cotton in North Carolina and Georgia with Buctril and Staple, J.H. Choate,J.W. Wilcut, A.C. York, J. Collins 1542

A Southeastern Regional Analyses of Zorial and Post Herbicides in BXN Cotton, J.W. Wilcut, T. Baughman, B.J. Brecke,D. Bridges, SM. Brown, EF. Eastin, H. McLean, E.C Murdock, G.B. Wilson 1542

Preemergence Herbicides Old and New, SM. Brown, D.C. Bridges, E.F. Eastin 1543

The Effect of a Varying Rates ofMetham and Application Technique on Nutsedge Control and Cotton Vigor, Manuel R. Jimenez,S. Wright, M. Davis, J. Nunez 1543

Cotton Tolerance and Weed Control in Sandy Soils with Command, P.A. Dotray, J.W. Keeling, CL Jones 1546

The Potential for Early Application Timings ofCommand, Eric P. Webster, David R. Shaw 1546

Formulation Alternatives for Command Herbicide on Cotton, S.J. Stringer, T.I. Crumby, J.L Taylor 1547

Minimum Tillage Weed Control on Clay Soils, H.R. Hurst 1550

Weed Management in Conservation Tillage Cotton, James R. Smart, Joe M. Bradford, Don J. Makus 1550

Preplant Burndown Weed Control for Conservation-Tillage Cotton, M.C. Smith, M.R. McClelland, CB. Guy, P.C. Carter 1556

Cotton Weed Science Research Conference, continued

Horseweed and CutleafEveningprimrose Control in No-Till Cotton, CB. Guy, R.W. Ashcraft 1557

Weed Management with Black Oat (Avena Strigosa) in No-Till Cotton, M.G. Patterson, D. W. Reeves, B.E. Gamble 1557Weed Management in Conservation-Tillage Cotton-Broadcast vs. Banded Herbicide Application: Cultivations vs. Hooded Sprayer,

A. Keeton, EC Murdock, T.D. Isgett, J.E. Toler 1558Roundup Applied by Hooded Sprayer Versus Cultivation in Cotton, LR. Hawf, D.L Wright, LL Gingerich 1558

Weed Management Systems in No-Till Cotton Utilizing a Hooded Sprayer, J.F. Bradley, CL Brown, R.M. Hayes 1559Weed Control Systems in Strip Tilled Cotton, DavidL Wright, Dr. Wieslaw Koziara, Galen Wilson 1560Aerial Spray Drift and Atomization Recommendations, D.B. Smith, M.H. Willcutt, D.L Valcore, J. W. Barry, M.E. Teske 1560

Purple Nutsedge Control in Reduced Tillage Cotton, C.T. Bryson 1564

Joint Session: Cotton Engineering Systems/Cotton Ginning Conferences

Ginning Regional Cotton Cultivars at Stoneville, W. Stanley Anthony, Steve Calhoun 1567Effectiveness of Air-Type Lint Cleaners at Commercial Gins, Gino J. Mangialardi, Jr. 1579

Update on the Development of a Bark and Grass Indicator for Cotton Gins, G.L Barker, R.R. Keck, R.K. Byler 1585Initial Development of a New Portable Moisture Meter for Cotton, R.K. Byler, W.S. Anthony 1587

Cotton Gin Drying Time Relationships, J.W. Laird, G.L Barker 1590

Water Application Method for Composting Cotton Gin Waste, J.A. Thomasson, M.H. Willcutt 1597Influence ofTrash Exit Design on Cyclone Performance, R.V. Baker, S.E. Hughs, M.N. Gillum, J.K. Green 1605

Cost of Ginning Cotton, William Mayfield, Herbert Willcutt, Roy Childers 1609

Measuring Cottonseed Moisture with the Karl Fischer Titrator, E.R. Cabrera, H.A. Mourad 1619

Engineering Analysis and Economic Impacts ofAir Pollution Abatement Strategies for Cotton Gins,Anantha R. Ramaiyer, Calvin B. Parnell, Jr., Roy Childers, Stephen Fuller, Melanie Gillis 1619

A Study in Wall Pressures in a Flat Clear-Span Cottonseed Storage House, M. Herbert Willcutt, S.D. Filip To 1625

Biology and Control of the Stable Fly (Stomoxys Calcitrans) in Gin-Trash, Douglas M. Gaydon 1631

Air Dispersion Modeling and the Regulatory Process, Linda M. Williams, Calvin B. Parnell, Jr. 1631

Soil Profile Modification Compared to Traditional Tillage -1994, LA. Smith, J.R. Williford 1641

Influence ofCrop Cultivation on Cotton Physiology, W.E. Hart, F.D. Tompkins, M.S. Palmer, J.F. Bradley 1643

Results from Boll Saver Tests, Michael J. Bader 1650

Advancements in USDA Cotton Classing Facilities, Darryl W. Earnest 1651

The Value of Fiber Testing in the Ginning Industry, Joseph M. Yankey 1654

Laboratory Evaluation ofVarious Cyclone Designs, S.E. Hughs, R.V. Baker 1657

Physical Evaluation ofCyclone Emission Characteristics, S.E. Hughs, P.J. Wakelyn 1661

A Nontraditional Method of Cleaning Pima Fiber, M.N. Gillum, CB. Armijo 1664

Cyclone Design for Air Pollution AbatementAssociated with Agricultural Operations, CB. Parnell, Jr. 1666

Regulation of Agricultural Operations Using Emission Factors and Process Weight Tables,

CB. Parnell, Jr., P.J. Wakelyn 1670

Joint Session: Cotton Textile Processingand Cotton Improvement Conferences

Metabolic Pathway Engineering in Cotton: Biosynthesis ofPolyester in Fiber, Dr. M.E. John 1679

Bioengineering Fiber Quality: Molecular Determinants ofFiber Length and Strength, Thea A. Wilkins 1679

Cotton Breeding: High Volume Instrument Versus Conventional Fiber Quality Testing, Stephanie L Latimer, T.P. Wallace,

D.S. Calhoun 1681

Regional High Quality Fiber Properties as Measured by Conventional and AFIS Methods, William R. Meredith, Jr.,

Preston E. Sasser, Samuel T. Rayburn 1681

Non-Insect Related Sticky Cotton, Steven S. Hague, John R. Gannaway 1684

Fiber Properties and Large Scale Processing Efficiency ofTwo Acala Cottons, J.C. Palmer, H.B. Cooper, Jr., J. W. Pellow,K.E. McRae, DM. Anderson 1686

Evaluation of the Processing Efficiency of Two Acala Cottons Using Bale Lots, H.B. Cooper, Jr., John Pellow, John Palmer,

Kelley McRae, David Anderson 1687

Fineness, Maturity, Micronaire and Dyeability ofTwo Acala Cottons, John W. Pellow, H.B. Cooper, Jr., John C. Palmer,

Kelley E. McRae 1691

Joint Session: Cotton Textile Processing and Quality Measurement Conferences

Image Processing as a Tool to Develop High Quality Cotton Fabrics to Get Bigger Profits, M. Lauber, B. Wulfhorst 1697Cotton Trash Measurement Using Image Analysis, Bugao Xu, Yu-liang Ting, Michael Watson 1701

Measuring Leaf, Bark and Grass Particles in Cotton with Nir Imaging, RobertA. Taylor 1705

AUTHOR INDEX Please see end of this Volume