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Belonging is more than a state, it is a dynamic process which is aff ected by the individual's personal circumstances and the relationship they have with others ar ound them and the larger social circumstances which determine the course of action tak en by the individual. The exploration and interpretation of Raimond Gaita’s memoir Romulus , My Father portrays a sense of acceptance and also alienation through Romulus himself and his wife Christina as well as his many friends and family, thus conveying belonging as a fundamental need we strive for in our search to create a concrete identity. Such themes are procured and promoted by critic Willard Scott “positive feelings come from being honest about yourself and accepting your personality… and from belonging to a family that accepts you without question.”. Raimond Gaita’s memoir, Romulus, My Father, cleverly portrays the relationship between belonging to self and belonging to a society. Set in the 1950s, an era where Australia was growing, consolidating and developing after World War II, migration from European countries had only recently been signed in 1947, thus causing hatred and discrimination towards migrants such as Romulus. Romulus is clearly depicted as being displaced, separated from his homeland (Markovac,

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Page 1: Belonging Romulus my father

Belonging is more than a state, it is a dynamic process which is affected by the individual's 

personal circumstances and the relationship they have with others around them and the 

larger social circumstances which determine the course of action taken by the individual. 

The exploration and interpretation of Raimond Gaita’s memoir Romulus,      My      Father    portrays a sense 

of acceptance and also alienation through Romulus himself and his wife Christina as well as his many 

friends and family, thus conveying belonging  as a fundamental need we strive for in our search 

to create a concrete identity. Such themes are procured and promoted by critic Willard Scott 

“positive feelings come from being honest about yourself and accepting your personality… and from 

belonging to a family that accepts you without question.”.

 

Raimond Gaita’s memoir, Romulus, My Father, cleverly portrays the relationship between belonging 

to self and belonging to a society.  Set in the 1950s, an era where Australia was growing, 

consolidating and developing after World War II, migration from European countries had only 

recently been signed in 1947, thus causing hatred and discrimination towards migrants such as 

Romulus. Romulus is clearly depicted as being displaced, separated from his homeland (Markovac, 

Yugoslavia), conveyed through the metaphor of his disconnection to the Australian landscape 

“He longed for European society, saying that he felt like a ‘prisoner’ in Australia.” On the contrary, 

he quickly seeks out connections not only with other Europeans but also with the new land as 

demonstrated through ‘ sought them out … quickly became friends’, ‘wonderful summer smell of 

eucalyptus’ and also the planting of ‘peppercorns and cypresses’, hence finding a sense to belong to 

the foreign land while retaining his cultural identity.   The pedigrees of culture forge the basis of 

Romulus’s experience as an individual, having ‘always considered himself a Romanian’, the 

hyperbolic ‘always’ signifying the power of a ‘home’ in forming a sense of cultural and national 

belonging. Such a culture was the foundation of his stoic practicality and his clear convictions and 

moralities, ‘Hat(ing) lying and believ(ing) that only a rigorous truthfulness could give a person inner 

unity necessary for strength of character’. Hence, this allowed him to comply with his known name 

Page 2: Belonging Romulus my father

“Jack” and intrinsically he becomes accepted in society through his moral applications but also his 

workmanship.

Unlike Romulus who becomes accepted in society while retaining a personal set of values, Christine 

and thus she neither has a sense of self due to a mental disorder nor a sense of belonging to society. 

However, despite Christine’s marginalisation, Romulus still sees and recognises her caring and love 

with the understatement ‘she had the arresting presence of someone who experienced the world 

with a thoughtful intensity. In reality, she suffered from depression, which rendered her inactive and 

lethargic as emphasized in Gaita’s highly modal ‘she was obviously and deeply depressed. 

Desperately lonely”, the alliteration of the ‘d’ highlighting of isolation evoking a degree of empathy 

for his mother’s behaviour  through the words ‘depression’ and ‘desperate’. Furthermore, such 

alienation explained in her absence as a mother and her neglect of her children is highlighted once 

again by Gaita when he says ‘pattern of neglect … would not change Susan’s nappies even when 

Susan … cried in pain’. Unfortunately, neglect and manic depression negates her sense of self and 

consequently her failure to establish relationships. Furthermore, her isolation from her compatriots 

as well as from the Australian society impacts her physically and emotionally, the ‘dead red gum’ 

becoming a metonym for her desolation.  In addition, her ‘unfaithfulness, vivacious and troubled’ 

nature as well as being a ‘characterless woman’ causes her to become segregated by society, the 

words ‘vivacious’ and ‘unfaithful’ provoking strong negative feelings from the reader. Moreover, it 

must be noted that her mental illness was the cause of many of these detrimental issues, and 

despite her lack of belonging to self nor society, Christine was a passionate, intelligent woman who 

suffers from an undiagnosed illness.