BELLWORK

BELLWORKExplain the difference in beliefs between Hoover and Roosevelt. What was the Emergency Banking Act? How did FDR bring recovery using this act? What was a fireside chat? Why were they effective?How did Roosevelt reform the banking system?Describe two programs put in place to bring relief to Americans during the Depression.Why did the courts oppose FDR?THINKER: After assessing all New Deal programs, which do you feel was the most effective in helping America during the Great Depression?

Election of 1932Two completely different men with two completely different ideasHoovers Main DownfallIn 1932, 20,000 jobless WWI veterans protested in Washington, D.C.Called themselves the Bonus Army Demanded immediate payment of a pension bonus that was promised.Things got violent so General Douglas MacArthur used guns, tanks, and tear gas to fight off the protestors. Hoover took responsibility for MacArthurs actions

Election of 19321932 was an election year, and Hoover was running for his second term as president.What do you think Americans are looking for in a new President?Do you think this is similar to the 2012 election?DiscussionOut of all the laws/policies/organizations implemented by Roosevelt, does the U.S. still use?THE ELECTION OF 1932President Herbert HooverGovernor Franklin Delano Roosevelt

VSIdeas on GovernmentHerbert hooverFranklin RooseveltMinimal government actionThe key to recovery was confidenceState and local governments should handle reliefStart with prosperity at the top foster economic growthExpand government rolesFederal government should handle relief Unemployment commission and relief administrationStartled by uneven prosperity help the lower classes firstCampaigningHerbert hooverFranklin Roosevelt Brother Can you Spare a Dime?

Once I built a railroad I made it run Made it race against time.Once I built a railroadNow its doneBrother, Can you Spare a Dime? Happy Days are here Again!

Happy days are here again,The skies above are clear againLet us sing a song of cheer again Happy days are here again.

This Campaign is more than a contest between two men. . . . It is a contest between two philosophies of government.-President Hoover, 1932

Electoral VotesRoosevelt: 472Hoover: 59Hoover won six states, and FDR won by a huge margin of 7 million popular votes.

Fireside ChatsOpposition to the New DealOpposition GroupWhy they opposed FDRCommunists & SocialistsConservativesTownsendCoughlinLongSupreme Court*Read pgs. 202-203 and complete the chart in your notesCommunists & SocialistsFDR was not doing enough!!!Demanded more government involvement

Conservatives FDR was interfering too much with private businessesBelieved the government needed to stay out of businessFDR was spending too much on reliefArgued FDR had lack of experience, and was turning the U.S. towards socialism.

Francis E. TownsendElderly doctor from Long Beach, CAOld Age Revolving Pension PlanEncouraged elderly to retire and leave jobs to young people, lowering unemploymentElderly given $200 stipend by governmentBill was defeated, but lead to expansion of Social Security

Father CoughlinFundamentalist priest with his own radio showAppealed to peoples fears/prejudices instead of reasonSaid FDR was not changing financial systemAlso blamed Jews for banking problems

Senator Huey LongTook control of Louisianas government by appointing his followersShare our wealth planOpposed FDR because he wanted to redistribute wealth even moreAppealed to the working/low classesAssassinated

Supreme CourtOverturned NRA & AAA because it gave too much power to the Executive BranchChecks and balancesSaid taxes were not a good way to regulate agriculture (like AAA)

Conflict over the Judicial BranchDuring FDRs first term, the Supreme Court had struck down several components of his New Deal economic programs. SoIn 1937, FDR proposed the court-packing plan (Judicial Procedures Reform Bill of 1937). This would allow him to:Add more justices to the Supreme CourtPersonally appoint the justicesObtain favorable rulings for his New Deal LegislationWanted to establish a pro-New Deal majority in the Supreme CourtWhy do you think this bill received so much opposition?Opponents viewed this as an attempt to stack the court in his favor: not fair & would give executive branch too much powerOverturned because of unpopularity Considered his biggest source of opposition throughout entire presidency

Were Roosevelts policies successful?Page 207