Bell Work Bell Work

Objective:

0807.5.1 Use a simple classification key to identify an unknown organism.

Classification ActivityClassification Activity1. At your lab table there are several pictures of animals.

Remove all pictures from the folder.

2. With your lab group, categorize these pictures according to their characteristics.

3. Your team must make at least three groups (or more). Lay the pictures in three separate groups on your lab table.

4. Keep the name of each group a secret because when we share our groups, we will allow the other groups to guess how you categorized the pictures.

5. Don’t tell your category names when you show the picture, wait until the other groups guess.

ClassificationClassification means organizing means organizing living things into living things into groups based on groups based on their similarities.their similarities.

Scientists Scientists classify classify livingliving andand extinctextinct

organisms to organisms to make them make them

easier to study.easier to study.

Organisms are Organisms are classified by classified by

sharedshared characteristics and characteristics and their their relationshipsrelationships

between one between one another.another.

TheThe levelslevels of of classification classification go from very go from very

generalgeneral to to very very specificspecific..

DDomainomain DidDidKKingdomingdom KingKingPPhylumhylum PhilipPhilipCClasslass ComeComeOOrderrder OverOverFFamilyamily FromFromGGenusenus GreatGreatSSpeciespecies SpainSpain

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The science of The science of classifying classifying

organisms is organisms is called called

taxonomytaxonomy..

Taxonomy was Taxonomy was founded by founded by LinnaeusLinnaeus

in the 1700’s.in the 1700’s.He classified things He classified things onlyonly by their shared by their shared

characteristics.characteristics.

Modern Modern taxonomists also taxonomists also

look at look at evolutionaryevolutionary relationships relationships

between animals.between animals.

AA branchingbranching diagram can show diagram can show the relationships the relationships

between between organisms.organisms.

Group Activity using the Branching Diagram

1. Construct a Branching diagram2. Use a frog, a snake, a kangaroo, and a rabbit in your diagram.3. Think of one major change before the frog appeared. 4. For the last 3 organisms, think of a change that happened between one of these and the other 2. Write all of these in your diagram.

frog

snake

kangaroo

rabbit

Air breathing; ability to live on land

Lay eggs on dry land; dry skin

Fur; live birth

Young develop fully inside mother

Organisms that Organisms that are are moremore closely closely

related are related are closercloser togethertogether

on the branching on the branching diagram.diagram.

When living things When living things are classified, they are classified, they

get a get a scientificscientific namename..

The scientific name is The scientific name is the same the same anywhereanywhere

in the world.in the world.

The The 4 Rules 4 Rules to writing a to writing a Scientific Scientific

Name:Name:

1. Scientific 1. Scientific names are names are

usually usually LatinLatin oror GreekGreek..

2. The scientific 2. The scientific name is always name is always the the genusgenus andand speciesspecies name name

together.together.

3. The3. The GenusGenus is is always written always written

first and first and capitalized.capitalized.

The species is The species is secondsecond and is and is

always lower case.always lower case.

4. The scientific 4. The scientific name is always name is always

italicizeditalicized oror underlinedunderlined..

Ex. Ex. Felis Felis domesticusdomesticus

Scientists can use Scientists can use a a dichotomousdichotomous keykey to identify to identify

unknown unknown organisms.organisms.

Pg. 52Pg. 52

Bacteria are Bacteria are prokaryoticprokaryotic, ,

meaning they do not meaning they do not have nuclei. have nuclei.

All other living things All other living things are are eukaryoticeukaryotic and and

have nuclei.have nuclei.

Scientists use 3 Domains.

ArchaeaBacteriaEukarya

Prokaryotes

Eukaryotes

Scientists use 6 kingdoms.

Archaebacteria

EubacteriaProtista

PlantaeFungiAnimalia

Domain ArchaeaDomain ArchaeaKingdomKingdom Archaebacteria Archaebacteria

-- live in extreme live in extreme

environments (very hot environments (very hot or cold)or cold)

They have been on the They have been on the earth for about 3 billion earth for about 3 billion

years. years.

Domain BacteriaDomain BacteriaMost bacteria are in Most bacteria are in Kingdom Kingdom EubacteriaEubacteria.They live in many They live in many places all over the places all over the

earth and even inside earth and even inside other organisms.other organisms.

                                    

Domain EukaryaDomain Eukarya

Kingdom Kingdom ProtistaProtista - -consists of consists of

unicellular & simple unicellular & simple multicellular multicellular organisms.organisms.

Protista includes Protista includes organisms that organisms that are not plants, are not plants,

animals or fungianimals or fungi

             

Domain EukaryaDomain EukaryaKingdomKingdom Plantae Plantae - - Plants are usually Plants are usually green & make food green & make food by photosynthesis by photosynthesis They are complex, They are complex,

multicellular multicellular organismsorganisms

Domain EukaryaDomain EukaryaKingdomKingdom FungiFungi- - absorb food from absorb food from

their surroundings. their surroundings. Fungi are usually Fungi are usually

multicellular multicellular (except yeast).(except yeast).

Domain EukaryaDomain Eukarya

Kingdom Kingdom AnimaliaAnimalia

Most move around Most move around and have nervous and have nervous

systems. Animals are systems. Animals are complex & complex &

multicellular.multicellular.

Five Kingdom ClassificationFive Kingdom ClassificationMoneraMonera

KingdomKingdom

ProtistProtist

KingdomKingdom

FungiFungi

KingdomKingdom

PlantPlant

KingdomKingdom

Animal Animal

KingdomKingdom

Major Major TraitsTraits

Single-celled; no nucleus

Most are single-celled

Some make own food; some cannot make own food

Most are many-celled; cannot make own food

Single-celled and many-celled; make own food; cannot move from place to place

Many-celled; cannot make own food; can move from place to place

ExamplesExamples Bacteria Paramecium amoeba euglena

Mushroom mold, yeast

Tree, small flowering plant, fern, algae

Sponge, insect, clam, fish, bird, snake, human