Bell RingerWhat is the Code of Hammurabi?

Why is this significant to the

U.S?

Origins of American Origins of American GovernmentGovernment

The English colonists in America The English colonists in America brought with them three main brought with them three main

concepts:concepts:

Basic Concepts of Basic Concepts of GovernmentGovernment

•The need for The need for ordered governmentordered government. . •The idea of The idea of limited governmentlimited government, that , that

is, that government should not be all-is, that government should not be all-powerful. powerful.

•The concept of The concept of representative representative governmentgovernment, a government that , a government that serves the will of the people.serves the will of the people.

Landmark English Landmark English DocumentsDocuments

MAGNA CARTAMAGNA CARTA ENGLISH BILL OF ENGLISH BILL OF RIGHTSRIGHTS

• 11stst attempt to limit attempt to limit absolute power of absolute power of the kingthe king

• 11stst system of checks system of checks and balancesand balances

• Protection from the Protection from the KingKing

The English ColoniesThe English Colonies• ““13 schools of 13 schools of

government”government”• All unique All unique

characteristics characteristics shaped by shaped by English originsEnglish origins

• Three different Three different Charters:Charters:

1.1. Royal ColoniesRoyal Colonies• BicameralBicameral

2.2. Proprietary Proprietary ColoniesColonies

• UnicameralUnicameral

3.3. Charter Charter ColoniesColonies

The Stamp Act CongressThe Stamp Act Congress•1765 - a group of colonies sent delegates 1765 - a group of colonies sent delegates to the Stamp Act Congress in New York. to the Stamp Act Congress in New York. •Delegates prepared the Declaration of Delegates prepared the Declaration of Rights and Grievances against British Rights and Grievances against British policies and sent it to the king.policies and sent it to the king.

The Albany PlanThe Albany Plan•1754 - Benjamin 1754 - Benjamin Franklin proposes Franklin proposes PlanPlan•Annual congress of Annual congress of delegatesdelegates (representatives) (representatives) from each of the 13 from each of the 13 colonies would be colonies would be formedformed

Growing Colonial UnityGrowing Colonial UnityEarly AttemptsEarly Attempts

•In 1643, several New In 1643, several New England settlements England settlements formed the New formed the New England England Confederation.Confederation.•A A confederationconfederation is a is a joining of several joining of several groups for a common groups for a common purpose.purpose.

First First Continental Continental CongressCongress

•The colonists sent a The colonists sent a Declaration of Rights Declaration of Rights to King George III.to King George III.

•The delegates The delegates urged colonies to urged colonies to refuse all trade with refuse all trade with England until British England until British tax and trade tax and trade regulations were regulations were repealedrepealed,, or or recalled.recalled.

• In 1775, each In 1775, each of the 13 of the 13 colonies sent colonies sent representativerepresentatives to this s to this gathering in gathering in Philadelphia.Philadelphia.

• The Second The Second Continental Continental Congress Congress served as the served as the first first government of government of the United the United States from States from 1776 to 1781.1776 to 1781.

Second Second Continental Continental CongressCongress

Exit TicketList 4 key events List 4 key events

led up to the led up to the Declaration of Declaration of Independence?Independence?

Exit TicketWhat events What events

made it difficult made it difficult to finalize the to finalize the Declaration?Declaration?

Bell ringerWhy was it Why was it “too late to “too late to apologize”?apologize”?

Bell RingerWhat is an ideal of What is an ideal of

government government located in the located in the Declaration of Declaration of Independence?Independence?

On July 4, On July 4, 1776, the 1776, the Second Second Continental Continental Congress Congress adopted the adopted the Declaration of Declaration of IndependenceIndependence..

American IndependenceAmerican Independence

The Articles of ConfederationThe Articles of ConfederationPowersPowers

Congress was given Congress was given

the power to declare the power to declare

war, deal with war, deal with

national finance national finance

issues, and settle issues, and settle

disputes among the disputes among the

States. States. Obligations Obligations

The States promised The States promised

to obey Congress, and to obey Congress, and

to respect the laws of to respect the laws of

the other States. the other States.

Most other powers Most other powers

were retained by each were retained by each

State.State.

A Call for a Stronger A Call for a Stronger GovernmentGovernment

• Representatives from Maryland and Representatives from Maryland and Virginia met at Mount Vernon, Virginia, Virginia met at Mount Vernon, Virginia, in 1785 to discuss trade issues.in 1785 to discuss trade issues.

• The meeting was so successful that the The meeting was so successful that the Virginia General Assembly requested a Virginia General Assembly requested a meeting of all thirteen States, which meeting of all thirteen States, which eventually became the eventually became the Constitutional Constitutional ConventionConvention in Philadelphia. in Philadelphia.

Leaders of the Leaders of the Philadelphia Philadelphia ConventionConvention

•James Madison was the James Madison was the co-author of the Articles co-author of the Articles of Confederation.of Confederation.•Gouverneur Morris was a Gouverneur Morris was a lawyer who helped lawyer who helped develop the U.S. system develop the U.S. system of money.of money.•Alexander Hamilton was Alexander Hamilton was a lawyer who favored a a lawyer who favored a strong central strong central government.government.•George Washington was George Washington was the successful leader of the successful leader of the Continental Army.the Continental Army.

Some famous leaders Some famous leaders who were who were NOTNOT at the at the

Philadelphia Philadelphia ConventionConvention

Patrick Henry said he Patrick Henry said he “smelt a rat” and refused to “smelt a rat” and refused to attend.attend.Samuel Adams and John Samuel Adams and John Hancock were not selected Hancock were not selected as delegates by their states.as delegates by their states.Thomas Jefferson and Thomas Jefferson and Thomas Paine were in Paris.Thomas Paine were in Paris.•John Adams was on John Adams was on diplomatic missions to diplomatic missions to England and Holland.England and Holland.