Bell Ringer

US-U9-L2

SSUSH25b

• Explain the impact of Supreme Court decisions on ideas about civil liberties and civil rights; include such decisions as Roe v. Wade (1973) and the Bakke decision on affirmative action.

Abortion• The deliberate termination of a human

pregnancy• A miscarriage• the termination of a pregnancy after,

accompanied by, resulting in, or closely followed by the death of the embryo or fetus: as – a : spontaneous expulsion of a human fetus during

the first 12 weeks of gestation — compare miscarriage

– b : induced expulsion of a human fetus – c : expulsion of a fetus by a domestic animal often

due to infection at any time before completion of pregnancy — compare contagious abortion (http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/abortion)

Roe v. Wade• 1973• Addressed the right of women to

choose whether to have an abortion under certain circumstances.

• Right was held under the 14th amendment

• By expanding the constitutional right of privacy to include abortion, the Court extended civil liberties protections.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1q5AgCzPIuA

Affirmative Action• An action or policy favoring

those who tend to suffer from discrimination, esp. in relation to employment or education; positive discrimination

• refers to policies that take factors including "race, color, religion, gender, sexual orientation or national origin" into consideration in order to benefit an underrepresented group, usually as a means to counter the effects of a history of discrimination.

• The focus of such policies ranges from employment and education to public contracting and health programs.

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affirmative_action

University of California v. Bakke• 1978• Ruled race can be used when

considering applicants to colleges, but racial quotas cannot be used. The Court barred the use of quota systems in college admission but extended Americans’ civil rights by giving constitutional protection to affirmative action programs that give equal access to minorities.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vDu9Ylb27O8

Other Civil Liberties Cases 1968-present (not all inclusive)

• United States v. O’Brien: free speech/burning draft cards

• King v. Smith: aid to families with dependent children

• Baird v. State of Arizona: states cannot ban people from legal practice due to communist party membership

• Reed v. Reed: extended 14th Amendment, rights for women

Other Civil Liberties Cases 1968-present (not all inclusive)

• Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education: use of bussing for school desegregation

• Georgia v. Randolph: police cannot conduct a warrantless search in a home where one occupant consents and the other objects

• Levy v. Louisiana: An illegitimate child may still sue on behalf of a deceased parent; to deny them this right violates the Fourteenth Amendment

Other Civil Liberties Cases 1968-present (not all inclusive)

• Parents Involved in Community Schools v. Seattle School District & Meredith v. Jefferson County Board of Education (companion case): affirmative action, using race as the tie breaker in assigning students to public schools

• Snyder v. Louisiana: racial discrimination in jury selection; playing the “O.J. card”

Other Civil Liberties Cases 1968-present (not all inclusive)

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases_by_the_Roberts_Court

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases_by_the_Warren_Court

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases_by_the_Burger_Court