Bell RingerBell Ringer

Germany’s policy of ___________ Germany’s policy of ___________ ___________ ____________ led to ___________ ____________ led to the sinking of the Lusitania.the sinking of the Lusitania.

What did Vladimir Lenin promise What did Vladimir Lenin promise the Russian people?the Russian people?

What country did Russia become? What country did Russia become?

The End of World War The End of World War II

““The war to end all wars”The war to end all wars”

NEXT TIME/SOON: Complete unit vocabulary and all HW assignments

We will…

You will be able to…

Explain the end of WWI and the provisions and impact sof the Treaty of Versailles.

Today in class…Today in class…

LanguageSocial Studies• Define: Armistice, Mandate,

Reparation, Self-determination, League of Nations

• Describe how the War ended without a clear-cut, knockout blow by either side.

• Recognize Wilson’s 14 Points and explain their importance.

• Explain the major provisions of the Treaty of Versailles and judge its fairness and effectiveness.

Looking ahead ….Looking ahead ….

Mon-Tues next week will be a review Mon-Tues next week will be a review day! day!

However…. if we have a snow day, then However…. if we have a snow day, then you will have the Imperialism, WWI, you will have the Imperialism, WWI, Russian Revolution test the next time Russian Revolution test the next time we see each other!we see each other!

You will be able to use your study guide You will be able to use your study guide on the test!on the test!

ArmisticeArmistice

Agreement to stop fighting

MandateMandate Land that was surrendered by

Germany and Turkey that was put under the control of another country and watched over by the League of Nations

ReparationsReparations

When a country that loses a war pays money or materials to the countries that won the war

Self-determinationSelf-determination

People should be free to decide what form of government they want to have

League of NationsLeague of Nations

International organization started after WWI with the goal of keeping world peace

Central Powers Central Powers CrumbleCrumble July July 19181918: Allies and Germans clashed in the : Allies and Germans clashed in the

Second Battle of the MarneSecond Battle of the Marne on the Western on the Western Front.Front.– Allies had Allies had 350 tanks350 tanks, 2 million Americans steadily , 2 million Americans steadily

advanced to Germanyadvanced to Germany

Central Powers Central Powers CrumbleCrumble

BulgariaBulgaria surrenderssurrenders

Ottoman TurksOttoman Turks surrendersurrender

Revolution in Revolution in Austria-HungaryAustria-Hungary

What two empires are coming to an end?

GermanyGermany

SoldiersSoldiers mutinymutiny and the and the publicpublic turned on the turned on the KaiserKaiser

Kaiser Kaiser Wilhelm IIWilhelm II was forced to step was forced to step down.down.

Germany was Germany was declared a declared a republicrepublic..

ArmisticeArmistice

ArmisticeArmistice was signed in a railway car was signed in a railway car in a forest near Paris.in a forest near Paris.

On On November 11, 1918November 11, 1918: World War I : World War I came to an came to an endend..

Armistice Day is marked every year Armistice Day is marked every year in Europe on the "eleventh hour of in Europe on the "eleventh hour of the eleventh day of the eleventh the eleventh day of the eleventh month" by two minutes of silence.month" by two minutes of silence.

Wilson’s Fourteen Wilson’s Fourteen PointsPoints

U.S. President U.S. President Woodrow Woodrow WilsonWilson came up with a came up with a peacepeace planplan that he that he believed would bring believed would bring stability to Europe.stability to Europe.

Known as the Known as the ““Fourteen PointsFourteen Points””

Think/Pair/ShareThink/Pair/Share

Read through SOME of Wilson’s Read through SOME of Wilson’s 14 Points.14 Points.

Below each point, write how it Below each point, write how it directly relates to the MAIN directly relates to the MAIN causes of WWI.causes of WWI.

1) Open covenants of peace, openly arrived at, after 1) Open covenants of peace, openly arrived at, after which there shall be no private international which there shall be no private international understanding of any kind but diplomacy shall proceed understanding of any kind but diplomacy shall proceed always frankly and in the public view.always frankly and in the public view.

2) Absolute freedom of navigation upon the seas, outside 2) Absolute freedom of navigation upon the seas, outside territorial waters, alike in peace and in war, except as territorial waters, alike in peace and in war, except as the seas may be closed in whole or in part by the seas may be closed in whole or in part by international action for the enforcement of international international action for the enforcement of international covenants. covenants.

4) Adequate guarantees given and taken that national 4) Adequate guarantees given and taken that national armaments (weapons) will be reduced to the lowest armaments (weapons) will be reduced to the lowest

point consistent with domestic safety.point consistent with domestic safety.

7) Belgium, the whole world will agree, must be 7) Belgium, the whole world will agree, must be evacuated and restored, without any attempt to evacuated and restored, without any attempt to limit the sovereignty which she enjoys in common limit the sovereignty which she enjoys in common with all other free nations. No other single act will with all other free nations. No other single act will serve as this will serve to restore confidence among serve as this will serve to restore confidence among the nations in the laws which they have themselves the nations in the laws which they have themselves set and determined for the government of their set and determined for the government of their relations with one another. Without this healing act relations with one another. Without this healing act the whole structure and validity of international law the whole structure and validity of international law is forever impaired. is forever impaired.

8) All French territory should be freed and the invaded 8) All French territory should be freed and the invaded portions restored, and the wrong done to France by portions restored, and the wrong done to France by Prussia in 1871 in the matter of Alsace-Lorraine, Prussia in 1871 in the matter of Alsace-Lorraine, which has unsettled the peace of the world for which has unsettled the peace of the world for nearly fifty years, should be righted, in order that nearly fifty years, should be righted, in order that peace may once more be made secure in the peace may once more be made secure in the interest of all. interest of all.

14) A general association of nations must be formed 14) A general association of nations must be formed under specific covenants for the purpose of affording under specific covenants for the purpose of affording mutual guarantees of political independence and mutual guarantees of political independence and territorial integrity to great and small states alike....territorial integrity to great and small states alike....

Germany expected a treaty based on Germany expected a treaty based on these 14 points. However, the French these 14 points. However, the French thought the plan was too easy Germany. thought the plan was too easy Germany. The Germans were not invited to Paris to The Germans were not invited to Paris to negotiate the Treaty of Versailles. negotiate the Treaty of Versailles. Germany had no say in the making of Germany had no say in the making of the peace treaty. Although Germany the peace treaty. Although Germany complained about the harshness of the complained about the harshness of the Treaty of Versailles, in the end Germany Treaty of Versailles, in the end Germany had no choice but to sign the document.had no choice but to sign the document.

Treaty of VersaillesTreaty of Versailles

Meeting: Paris Meeting: Paris PeacePeace Conference Conference Treaty: Treaty of Treaty: Treaty of VersaillesVersailles Attendants: Woodrow Wilson Attendants: Woodrow Wilson

(U.S.),(U.S.),Georges Clemenceau Georges Clemenceau (France),(France),Lloyd George Lloyd George (Great Britain),(Great Britain),Premier Orlando Premier Orlando (Italy)(Italy)

When: January 1919When: January 1919

The Big Four After Signing

Paris, 1919

Which country is not a member of the Big Four?

YouTube - Make Germany Pay - YouTube - Make Germany Pay - The Big 3The Big 3

4 min.4 min.

Treaty of VersaillesTreaty of Versailles

Skit and QuestionsSkit and Questions