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Bell Ringer
Find your new seat then put your index card on my
front lab desk
Please take out your Cells Structure and Function
packet of notes
If you are typing your notes login into your
computer and download them from my webpage
Answer the following questions in your journal
1. What is a cell?
2. What kinds of things have cells?
Cells
Structure and
Function
Can you identify what the object is in each image?
Human Hair
Cracked tooth with cheek cells
A single blade of grass, stained
What is a
cell?
Which one is the odd one out?1. Leaf of a plant
4. Sugar3. Blood
2. Horse’s muscle
Why is sugar the odd one out?Sugar doesn’t have cells
Which one is the odd one out?
1. Piece of metal
4. Diamond necklace3. Olive oil
2. Apple seed
Why is the apple seed the odd one out?Apple seeds have cells
Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living
things
Cells form the parts of an organism and carry out all of
the organism’s processes and life functions
You are made of Cells!
Human Cells
Single vs Multicellular Organisms Multicellular organisms have many cells
Single or Unicellular organisms only have one
Which type of organism are humans?Multicellular! We have bone cells, skin cells, heart cells and many more, 37.2 trillion cells to be exact!
Which type of organism are bacteria?Unicellular! Bacteria are made up of one single cell that has to do all of the work
Ameobas
Single vs Multicellular OrganismsWhich of the organisms below are unicellular
and which are multicellular?
1. Amoeba2. Yeast
4. Algae
3. Plankton
Bell Ringer Period 1,4,8 & 9 turn in your Measurement Review
#2 packet.
Please take out your cell note packet
Answer the following questions
1. Create 3 rules that cells have to follow in order to
be classified or called cells?
2. Put the following in size order from smallest to
largest
Organs, cells, organelles, tissues, organ system
Cellular organization
Cellular organelles
Cells
Tissues
Organs
Organ System
Cell Overview Cell Structure describes what the cell is made of and
how its parts are put together
What are some cell structures that you already know about?
Cell Function describes the processes that allow it to stay alive and reproduce to make more cells
What are some cell functions that you already know about?
Cell Size describes how small and how many cells there are in an area. For example there are more than 100,000 skin cells in one square centimeter of skin.
Ted ed wacky history of cell theory
Cell Theory
The cell theory is a widely accepted explanation of
the relationship between cells and living things.
1. All living things are composed of cells
2. Cells are the basic units of structure and function in
living things
3. All cells are produced from other cells
Inside the Cell There are smaller structures inside the cell which are
called organelles.
Organelles carry out specific functions within the cell.
Cell Organelles Part 1 Cell Organelles Cell and its functions
Cell Wall Rigid layer that surrounds, protects and
support the cells of plants
Chloroplasts Found ONLY in PLANT cells. Capture energy from
sunlight and use it to produce food for the cell. Make leaves green
Cell
membrane
lysosome
Vacuoles A storage area for food, waste products and other
materials.
Remember Animal cells have small to no vacuoles
Cell
membrane
lysosome
Cell Membrane All cells have cell membranes. It controls what
substances come into and out of a cell
Cell
membrane
lysosome
Nucleus Acts as the “brain” of the cell. It is the control
center, directing all of the cell’s activities
Cell
membrane
lysosome
Cytoplasm Found between the cell membrane and the
nucleus. Clear, thick gel-like fluid
Cell
membrane
lysosome
Mitochondria Rod-shaped structures that convert food molecules
to energy that the cell can use to carry out its functions
Cell
membrane
lysosome
Endoplasmic Reticulum A maze of passageways that carry proteins and
other materials from one part of the cell to another.
Cell
membrane
lysosome
Ribosomes Ribosomes are small grain like bodies which
function to produce proteins
Cell
membrane
lysosome
Golgi Bodies Receive proteins and other newly formed materials
from the Endoplasmic reticulum, package them and distribute them to other parts of the cell.
Cell
membrane
lysosome
Lysosomes Small round structures containing chemicals that
break down certain materials in the cell.
Cell
membrane
lysosome
Bell Ringer
What organelle….
What is the difference between an
element and a compound
Bell Ringer
Plant Cell Animal CellBoth Cells
Happy Fri-Yay! Please complete the Venn diagram below in your packet of cell notes. You need to add the organelles that are only in plants, only in animals or that are in both.
Bell Ringer
You need your laptop/phone and headphones
Please take out your cell structure and function
notes
Answer the following questions in your science
journal
1. What does the nucleus do?
2. What organelles are found only in Plant cells?
3. What is an element? Know of any examples?
Elements vs Compounds What is the difference between an element
and a compound?
An element is any substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances.
An element is made of only one kind of atoms
Elements in living things; Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur
Compounds are
when of two or more
elements combine
chemically.
The smallest unit of
many compounds is
called a molecule
Compounds such as
water and carbon
dioxide are common
in living things.
Pick out which are elements
and which are compounds.
Inorganic versus Organic Compounds What is the difference between Inorganic and
Organic?
Organic means that it is
naturally occurring and
found in living things.
Most compounds that
contain carbon are
organic.
Carbohydrates, lipids,
proteins and nucleic
acids are organic
compounds
Inorganic compounds
are not naturally
occurring and not
found in living things.
Compounds that don’t
contain the element
carbon are inorganic.
Water and sodium
chloride are inorganic
compounds.
Biomolecules You are going to watch the Biomolecules video
link and use the video to take notes on these
important compounds
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YO244P1e9
QM
Proteins Carbohydrates Lipids Nucleic Acids
Monomers
A monomer is a building block. These are the parts
that make up substances
Biomolecules are made of monomers
Carbohydrates Important source of fast energy. They are made
of monomers called monosaccharides.
Important for cell structure and function. Found in
cell walls and membranes
Ex. Pastas, sugars and starches
Lipids
Lipids are made of fats. They
have two different building
blocks glycerol and fatty
acids
Lipids are a great source of
long term energy. Lipids
provide more energy than
carbohydrates
Cell membranes contain
lipids. Cells store lipids for
later energy use.
Butter, oil and cholesterol are
all lipids.
Proteins Examples of sources of
proteins are meats and beans.
The monomers of proteins are
amino acids. There are 20
common amino acids that
cells combine in different ways
to form thousands of proteins.
Proteins are important for
muscle development, the
immune system and enzymes
which are special proteins that
speed up reactions
DNA codes for proteins that
are important for structure and
function in the body
Nucleic Acids Nucleic acids are made up of monomers called
nucleotides. DNA and RNA are involved in the
coding of your traits.
Plants and animals all have DNA. Nucleic acids
contains the instructions that cells need to carry
out all of the functions of life.
Water
Water although
inorganic is vital for
our bodies and cells
performance.
Most chemical
reactions in cells
involve substances
that are dissolved in
water.
You Shall not Pass! The cell membrane is selectively permeable. This
means it works like a castle with a draw bridge
allowing some molecules to always pass through
while not allowing others to pass through.
Why would this be an important function of the
cell membrane?
How would the cell membrane do this?
Diffusion Diffusion is when small molecules move across the
cell membrane.
Molecules move from an area of higher
concentration to an area of lower concentration.
The more molecules in one area the more they
bump into one another and eventually spread
out.
Osmosis Osmosis is the diffusion of water molecules through a
selectively permeable membrane.
Cell processes depend on osmosis.
In osmosis water molecules move from an area of
high concentration through the cell membrane to an
area of lower concentration.
Osmosis
If water moves out of the cell by osmosis cells can
shrink
If water moves into the cell by osmosis cells can
swell
Tonicity