Bell QuizBell Quiz: Pages 508-516: Pages 508-516

1.How was French society divided 1.How was French society divided before 1789? before 1789?

2.Who were the bourgeoisie 2.Who were the bourgeoisie andand what estate were they part of? what estate were they part of?

3.Who was Marie-Antoinette?3.Who was Marie-Antoinette?

4.What was the Bastille?4.What was the Bastille?

5. What was the slogan of the 5. What was the slogan of the French Revolution?French Revolution?

AnswersAnswers

1. 1. Into three estates, or classes.Into three estates, or classes.

2. The urban middle class that made up 2. The urban middle class that made up part of the Third Estate: merchants, part of the Third Estate: merchants, manufacturers, doctors, and lawyers. manufacturers, doctors, and lawyers. Educated and wealthy, but not nobles. Educated and wealthy, but not nobles.

3. Queen of France. Married to King 3. Queen of France. Married to King Louis XVI (16Louis XVI (16thth). She was from Austria.). She was from Austria.

4. A French prison, symbol of royal 4. A French prison, symbol of royal oppression.oppression.

5. Liberty, equality, fraternity5. Liberty, equality, fraternity

Bell Quiz: Use Pages 508-516Bell Quiz: Use Pages 508-51611. . What is the Estates General?What is the Estates General?

2. Why did Louis XVI (162. Why did Louis XVI (16thth) take the ) take the unusual step of calling all three estates unusual step of calling all three estates together?together?

3. What was the slogan of the French 3. What was the slogan of the French Revolution?Revolution?

4. T/F The Declaration of the Rights of 4. T/F The Declaration of the Rights of Man also applied to French Women?Man also applied to French Women?

5. In what ways was the first 5. In what ways was the first government after the revolution a weak government after the revolution a weak one?one?

Bell QuizzesBell Quizzes1.1. Estates General: Estates General:

Representatives of all three Representatives of all three estates. estates.

2.2. To get approval for new taxes.To get approval for new taxes.

3.3. Liberty, equality, fraternity.Liberty, equality, fraternity.

4.4. FalseFalse

5.5. Executive branch was weak and Executive branch was weak and the legislative branch was the legislative branch was powerful, but inexperienced.powerful, but inexperienced.

ObjectivesObjectives Describe how the Old Regime was Describe how the Old Regime was

structured.structured. Analyze why discontent began to grow in Analyze why discontent began to grow in

the mid 1700s.the mid 1700s. Explain why Louis XVI wanted to call the Explain why Louis XVI wanted to call the

Estates General.Estates General. Describe how the meeting of the Estates Describe how the meeting of the Estates

General pushed France toward revolution.General pushed France toward revolution. Explain why and how the French Revolution Explain why and how the French Revolution

spread.spread. Analyze how a constitution changed French Analyze how a constitution changed French

government.government. Explain why the monarchy and the Explain why the monarchy and the

Legislative Assembly came to an end. Legislative Assembly came to an end.

Chapter 21 Section 1&2 Terms Chapter 21 Section 1&2 Terms

BourgeoisieBourgeoisie Olympe de GougesOlympe de Gouges

Louis XIV (14Louis XIV (14thth))

Louis XV (15Louis XV (15thth))

Louis XVI (16Louis XVI (16thth))

Marie-AntoinetteMarie-Antoinette

RadicalsRadicals

ModeratesModerates

ConservativesConservatives

Declaration of the Rights of ManDeclaration of the Rights of Man

Intro to French RevolutionIntro to French Revolution

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cKXx7fYF8pY&safe=active

French SocietyFrench Society

The Old RegimeThe Old Regime The Old Regime is the time The Old Regime is the time

period before the French period before the French Revolution.Revolution.

French society was divided French society was divided into three estates (classes).into three estates (classes).

The First Estate was made up The First Estate was made up of the clergy of the Roman of the clergy of the Roman Catholic Church. They have Catholic Church. They have the most power and pay no the most power and pay no taxestaxes

The Second Estate was made The Second Estate was made up of the Nobility. They have up of the Nobility. They have government jobs and pay no government jobs and pay no taxestaxes

The rest of the people in The rest of the people in France belonged to the Third France belonged to the Third Estates. (97% of the Estates. (97% of the population). Pay high taxes.population). Pay high taxes.

The Third EstateThe Third Estate At the top of the Third Estate were the At the top of the Third Estate were the

bourgeoisie.bourgeoisie. The bourgeoisie were wealthy, educated, The bourgeoisie were wealthy, educated,

urban middle class people.urban middle class people.• Merchants, manufactures, professionals, doctors, Merchants, manufactures, professionals, doctors,

and lawyers.and lawyers. Most of the Third Estate was made up of very Most of the Third Estate was made up of very

poor peasants.poor peasants. In the 1700s most peasants were still In the 1700s most peasants were still

governed by the feudal system.governed by the feudal system. They paid heavy taxes as well as rent for the They paid heavy taxes as well as rent for the

land they worked.land they worked. They were also forced to pay tithing. They were also forced to pay tithing. Had no voice in changing laws. Had no voice in changing laws. Remained under the absolute control of their Remained under the absolute control of their

landlords and kings.landlords and kings.

Use page 508-509 to fill out the chartUse page 508-509 to fill out the chart

Social Class Factors that caused the estate to be dissatisfied.

First Estate 1.2.

Second Estate 1.2.

Bourgeoisie 1.

Third Estate 1.2.

Growing DiscontentGrowing Discontent Several factors explain the Several factors explain the

growing discontent in growing discontent in France.France.

France’s population was France’s population was growing.growing.

Changing economic Changing economic conditions.conditions.

The poor blamed the king for The poor blamed the king for higher prices.higher prices.

The bourgeoisie wanted The bourgeoisie wanted political power.political power.

The bourgeoisie resented The bourgeoisie resented paying taxes when nobles paying taxes when nobles and clergy did not.and clergy did not.

Both the peasants and the Both the peasants and the bourgeoisie had ideas of bourgeoisie had ideas of liberty, equality, and other liberty, equality, and other natural rights (unalienable natural rights (unalienable rights-U.S. Declaration of rights-U.S. Declaration of independence). independence).

These ideas unified the Third These ideas unified the Third Estate and enabled them to Estate and enabled them to challenge the king’s power.challenge the king’s power.

Use pages 508-511Use pages 508-511

French King How each King contributed to financial crisis in France

King Louis XIV (14th) 1.

King Louis XV (15th) 1.

King Louis XVI (16th) 1.

French Financial CrisisFrench Financial CrisisFrench King How each King contributed to

financial crisis in France

King Louis XIV (14th) 1. Engaged in wars that left France with huge debts.

King Louis XV (15th) 1. Increased debt by borrowing money from bankers and not economizing.

2. French and Indian War was expensive

King Louis XVI (16th) 1. Increased debt by giving aid to colonists in the American Revolution.

2. He and his wife lived a life of luxury.

Attempted Resolution:Unsuccessfully attempted to tax the

first two estates, and banks refused to lend the government more money.

The Financial CrisisThe Financial Crisis 1774, Louis XVI (161774, Louis XVI (16thth) )

became king of France.became king of France. Louis XVI married Marie-Louis XVI married Marie-

Antoinette, the daughter Antoinette, the daughter of the Austrian empress.of the Austrian empress.

The French people hated The French people hated Marie – Antoinette.Marie – Antoinette.

France was almost France was almost bankrupt because of years bankrupt because of years of deficit spending. On top of deficit spending. On top of that, there was a poor of that, there was a poor harvest that led to people harvest that led to people going hungry.going hungry.

King Louis XVI (16King Louis XVI (16thth) did ) did nothing to help the nothing to help the economic problemeconomic problem

Palace of VersaillesPalace of Versailles 10,000 people live or 10,000 people live or

worked in the palace.worked in the palace. The gardens covered 250 The gardens covered 250

acres and contained 1400 acres and contained 1400 fountains.fountains.

Cost was $2.3 Billion Cost was $2.3 Billion dollars to build.dollars to build.

The kitchen and dining The kitchen and dining rooms were on the rooms were on the opposite ends of he palace. opposite ends of he palace. The palace was so large The palace was so large that the food was cold by that the food was cold by the time it was delivered the time it was delivered to the dining room.to the dining room.

The Meeting of the Estates GeneralThe Meeting of the Estates General The financial crisis in France forced King Louis The financial crisis in France forced King Louis

to call the meeting of the Estates General.to call the meeting of the Estates General. On May 5, 1789, Representatives of each estate On May 5, 1789, Representatives of each estate

met but they fought over the rules of the met but they fought over the rules of the meeting.meeting.

The rules stated that each estate received just The rules stated that each estate received just one vote. This was unfair because the Third one vote. This was unfair because the Third Estate was outvoted 2 to 1 even though the Estate was outvoted 2 to 1 even though the Third Estate made up 97% of the population.Third Estate made up 97% of the population.

The meeting was was a small step towards The meeting was was a small step towards democracy because the representatives met to democracy because the representatives met to discuss the problem.discuss the problem.

Creation of National AssemblyCreation of National Assembly The Third Estate couldn’t change the rules of The Third Estate couldn’t change the rules of

the Estates General meeting so they make the Estates General meeting so they make themselves into the National Assembly in June themselves into the National Assembly in June 1789.1789.

They were locked out of the meeting room They were locked out of the meeting room while it was raining so they met on the tennis while it was raining so they met on the tennis courts at the royal palace.courts at the royal palace.

They pledge (Tennis Court Oath) to not leave They pledge (Tennis Court Oath) to not leave until the write a constitution. This became until the write a constitution. This became known as the Constitution of 1791. known as the Constitution of 1791.

The constitution was a step towards The constitution was a step towards democracy because it limited the king’s power democracy because it limited the king’s power and created a Legislative Assembly to make and created a Legislative Assembly to make laws.laws.

This act marked the real beginning of the This act marked the real beginning of the French Revolution.French Revolution.

The Spread of RevolutionThe Spread of Revolution

In response to the meeting of the Estates General, King Louis XVI ordered In response to the meeting of the Estates General, King Louis XVI ordered troops into Paris and Versailles.troops into Paris and Versailles.

The French people feared Louis was going to stop the National The French people feared Louis was going to stop the National Assembly by force so on July 14, 1789 the French people captured Assembly by force so on July 14, 1789 the French people captured the Bastille prison in Paris. the Bastille prison in Paris.

The people wanted weapons to protect themselves against the The people wanted weapons to protect themselves against the king’s troops.king’s troops.

The fall of the Bastille was the beginning of the French The fall of the Bastille was the beginning of the French Revolution.Revolution.

This action contributed to the rise of democracy because people This action contributed to the rise of democracy because people began to protest against the government. began to protest against the government.

The End of the Old RegimeThe End of the Old Regime

In response to the violence the National Assembly ended In response to the violence the National Assembly ended feudalism in France. feudalism in France.

The assembly adopted the Declaration of Rights of Man and of The assembly adopted the Declaration of Rights of Man and of the Citizens (equivalent to the Declaration of Independence).the Citizens (equivalent to the Declaration of Independence).

This document dealt with basic human rights and political This document dealt with basic human rights and political powers: All men are created equal, born with unalienable powers: All men are created equal, born with unalienable rights, have freedom of speech, press and religion, right to a rights, have freedom of speech, press and religion, right to a fair trial, and have the right to govern.fair trial, and have the right to govern.

Between 1789 and 1791 the National Assembly passed many Between 1789 and 1791 the National Assembly passed many laws and set up a new government.laws and set up a new government.

The French ConstitutionThe French Constitution

1791, the National Assembly finished writing a constitution for 1791, the National Assembly finished writing a constitution for France.France.

This constitution limited the authority of the king.This constitution limited the authority of the king. Divided the government into three branches.Divided the government into three branches.

• The ExecutiveThe Executive• The LegislativeThe Legislative• The JudicialThe Judicial

The constitution went into effect in October but lasted less The constitution went into effect in October but lasted less than a year.than a year.

Constitution of 1791Constitution of 1791

Constitution of 1791

Type of Government Limited Monarchy

Division of Powers 3 Branches-Legislative, Judicial, and Executive

Legislature Consists of 1 House

Voters Only tax paying males may vote

Committee of Public SafetyCommittee of Public Safety By 1792, radicals took over the revolution.By 1792, radicals took over the revolution. Robespierre was the leader of COPS. They Robespierre was the leader of COPS. They

made France into a republic.made France into a republic. However, the radicals killed thousands of However, the radicals killed thousands of

people who criticized the government by people who criticized the government by executing them with a guillotine.executing them with a guillotine.

King Louis XVI (16King Louis XVI (16thth) and Marie Antoinette were ) and Marie Antoinette were both executed by the guillotine for treason.both executed by the guillotine for treason.

Liberty, equality, fraternity (Liberty, equality, fraternity (Liberté, égalité, Liberté, égalité, fraternité) fraternité) became the slogan of the French became the slogan of the French Revolution. Revolution.

Brainstorm as a classBrainstorm as a class

List similarities between American List similarities between American Revolution and French Revolution.Revolution and French Revolution.

Writing: Minimum 15 linesWriting: Minimum 15 linesCompare and contrast the causes Compare and contrast the causes of the start of the American of the start of the American Revolution to the cause that Revolution to the cause that started the French Revolution.started the French Revolution.

Pages 508-516 French RevolutionPages 508-516 French Revolution

Pages 497-499 American Pages 497-499 American RevolutionRevolution

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