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BehavioBehaviorr
Animal behavior is actually the product of genes modified by the
environment
If an organism is to survive to reproduce, its behavior must be
adaptive to new situations
• Adaptation is a combination of inherited and learned characteristics that improve an organism’s chances
to survive and reproduce
• Poorly adapted organisms do not usually survive, and their species
may even become extinct
Innate behavior• Sometimes known as inborn
behavior
• Not dependent on experience
• Ready to go as soon as the organism is born or hatched!– Such as sucking or crying
Innate behavior• Some animals may have certain
established behaviors– Dogs who have been trained for life
indoors may scratch the carpet or couch in order to get at buried items
– They may turn in circles before laying down to flatten the grass or chase out insects.
Innate behavior• Environmental influences may
trigger innate behavior, but does not explain it
Although the kittenhas never fallen, she
is still hesitant to step out onto the glass
Innate behavior• A complex innate behavior is
referred to as an instinct
Learned Behavior
Learned Behavior• Consists of all of the responses
developed by an organism as a result of environmental experiences
• Range from – simple adjustments to innate behavior
(ie. Our dog urinating out side) – to complex (ie. Playing a violin)
Learned Behavior
• Here, a toad is stung by a bee• When a robber fly comes by, the toad is
does not attempt to eat it!
Learned Behavior• 1. Imprinting: some organisms will
follow the first moving object. Some times to the point where it will never return to its true mother!
Learned Behavior• 2. Habituation: when an animal is
exposed to a stimulus over and over again.
• Example: You ignore the sound of the aquarium while in class …– Or your mother while she is gripping
about anything
Learned Behavior• 3. Conditioning: occurs when patterns of
innate behavior are changed
Training to salivate
at the sight of a light
Or The sound of a bell!
Pavlov’s dog
Learned Behavior• 4. Trial and Error: using either pleasure or
pain, many organisms learn after many trials in order to make the correct response!
• Mimicry is a developmental answer some organisms have in order to survive in their environment
• Example:– Robber fly and a Bumble bee
– Viceroy butter fly and a Monarch