BEFORE THE PRESENTATIONPREPARATION, FIGHTING STAGE FRIGHT, MOTIVATING SELF AND OTHERS

Fighting stage frightpanic and emptiness syndrome

debilitative/facilitative anxiety

risk of rejection, criticism, disagreement

depends on personal evaluative filter

Why is speaking more difficult than writing?No or less opportunity to correct mistakes Speakers face the challenge on their own, no resort to information sources

Multiple activities conscious attention and great concentration

Seize the moment

Mechanism of stage fright FEAR NEGATIVE ASSOCIATIONS

How to fight stage fright?

Negative experiences: positive programming (panic and emptiness or prepare for action?)

Be aware of the basic requirements of speaking in public

Practice and rehearse

Dont review before the presentation relax!

Accommodate the scene move!

Learn the opening sentences by heart.

Look for interested or smiling faces and make eye contact.

First come first done!

Control your emotions: avoid immediate negative imprinting and reflect.

Audience = the sole and most accomplished judges of your performance

evaluative filter

(parental and social models experiences)Trust yourself.

The two sides of a coin

PreparationLong term preparationfamily backgroundeducational backgroundprofessional backgroundinformation poolvocabularystyle

How to train yourself?Read a lot of varied writings.

Develop a critical sense for reading.

Find partners for discussing your opinions

Develop an obsession.

Short term preparation6 questions by Collins (2000)

Who are the participants?- background, attitude, number

What content?- level of detail, BGK, expected info

Why?- message, aim

When?- time for preparation, presentation,other commitmentsWhere? - scene, equipment, electric supplyHow? - formal/informal- lecture/speech/discussion- sticking to/diverting from programme - reading out/working from notes, improvisingHave I considered my own limitations?

Format 1. Reading out a manuscript

Read it several times, understand contents.Rehearse aloud. Underline the key expressions.Indicate places of pause.Practise intonation and emphasis.Mark places of possible digression.Practice eye-contact (Szab, 1997).

Format 2. Working from notes 13. Reading out a manuscript

Message, aim READ MANUSCRIPTyou!perfectlyformulated UNDERLINE KEY PHRASES

Topics, subtopics, KEY PHRASES ON CARDSsamplenumberPREPARE FOR FAILURE

If you didnt manage to prepare, prepare for failure!Be prepared for apologising and correctingyourself if you havegot your facts wrong, talked too fast,forgotten something important,overcomplicated your speech,talked nonsense,run out of time.

Appealing to the audienceTreat them as equals. Avoid talking down or dummying down.

Be interested and learn to listen.

Strive for personalisation.

Find similarities in interest, background, style.

Talk to your listeners about what they would like to hear.

Make them feel important.

Speak the same language. Avoid heavy terminology.

Speak clearly but insist on silence.

Be enthusiastic (Godefroy & Barrat, 1999)

HumourMake fun of yourself and not others. Avoid old jokes.

Change your strategy if the audience do not react.

Do not overreact you own jokes.

Wait till the audience calm down.

Humour should be connected to the topic.

Timing.

ConclusionUnderstand the taskGet to know your audienceTry positive programming PreparePracticeCope with failureBe yourself