Beach Erosion Case Beach Erosion Case Based Learning LessonsBased Learning Lessons

Seton Hall University-TLTCSeton Hall University-TLTC Faculty Innovation Grant for the Summer of 2005 Faculty Innovation Grant for the Summer of 2005

Martha SchoeneMartha SchoeneRenee M. Cicchino Renee M. Cicchino Alisdair Mac Rae Alisdair Mac Rae

Case Based LearningCase Based Learning

Used in Educating future Doctors, Nurse Used in Educating future Doctors, Nurse and Lawyersand Lawyers Usually introduced in upper level classes or Usually introduced in upper level classes or

during Intern or Residency phases of trainingduring Intern or Residency phases of training Useful in any field where there are Useful in any field where there are

questions to be answeredquestions to be answered Involves student in a realistic decision making Involves student in a realistic decision making

situation-”puts you in the game”situation-”puts you in the game”

Case Based Learning continuedCase Based Learning continued

Students can be presented with scenariosStudents can be presented with scenarios Access through BlackboardAccess through Blackboard Related to topics in the Textbook, class Related to topics in the Textbook, class

presentations and current eventspresentations and current events

December 1992

Winter StormWinter Storm

Case3: The Case of the 100 Year Case3: The Case of the 100 Year StormStorm

You are the owner of a small Pizzeria, on the Boardwalk in You are the owner of a small Pizzeria, on the Boardwalk in a town that depends on summer tourists coming to the a town that depends on summer tourists coming to the beach. During the winter there have been a series of beach. During the winter there have been a series of storms that have eroded all the sand and have damaged an storms that have eroded all the sand and have damaged an existing seawall and allowed ocean water to flood your existing seawall and allowed ocean water to flood your business and the town. business and the town.

What should you do?What should you do?

Make a Make a preliminary plan preliminary plan of action (click on word document)of action (click on word document)

Case Based Learning continuedCase Based Learning continued

Students can create their own case based Students can create their own case based learning activitieslearning activities• Select an area of interestSelect an area of interest• Work in groups toWork in groups to

State the topicState the topic Write the scenarioWrite the scenario Assign roles-Different perspectivesAssign roles-Different perspectives Gather information…Gather information… Guide the responsesGuide the responses Present their findings to other students or their classPresent their findings to other students or their class

What do you need?What do you need?

Topic of Interest or ObjectiveTopic of Interest or Objective QuestionQuestion HypothesisHypothesis Problem/SolutionProblem/Solution Cause /Effect - Effect/CauseCause /Effect - Effect/Cause Current EventCurrent Event

Imagine yourself as an assigned participant Imagine yourself as an assigned participant rather than gathering facts for a report rather than gathering facts for a report

• Astronaut VS AstronomerAstronaut VS Astronomer

Select from a variety of Participants

Traditional Story Board for each Traditional Story Board for each slide of a PowerPointslide of a PowerPoint

Looks like a comic bookLooks like a comic book

Yesterday the beach at Ocean Lane in Beach Town, NJ was closed to the public, when a deck from a beach house was seen by the morning beach cleaning crew floating in the ocean. The deck had fallen into the ocean at high tide and posed a danger to swimmers.

http://gannet.stockton.edu/njbpn/1998/1998_Njbpn_Report.pdf Beach reporthttp://www.cep.unc.edu/outreach/moreheadcity/HTML/MCFSBeachNourishmentCapstone.pdf beach erosion and renourishment along the North Carolina Coastline

Set up a Story BoardSet up a Story Board

Our Beach is gone

Put more sand inFront of your house

(renourishment)Rebuild broken groin

Move away from the ocean

Other FormatsOther Formats

Cycle

rebuildAdd

sand

move

Stormdamage

Radial or Web

Pyramid

Case Based Learning continuedCase Based Learning continued

Students and Teachers can collaborate to Students and Teachers can collaborate to create this sort of interactive experiencecreate this sort of interactive experience

It is on going processIt is on going process Students may add links and informationStudents may add links and information Teachers can guide the learning experienceTeachers can guide the learning experience Together they can adapt the lesson to the Together they can adapt the lesson to the

specific needs of each learnerspecific needs of each learner

““The Road Goes On Forever”The Road Goes On Forever”

ERTH 1019 In the pastERTH 1019 In the past

Students were introduced to basic Students were introduced to basic concepts of erosion in class through concepts of erosion in class through lecture, demonstration and two different lecture, demonstration and two different hands on lab activities. hands on lab activities.

Case Based Learning Provides the Case Based Learning Provides the Opportunity forOpportunity for

Students Students Assume a role Assume a role reviewed three scenarios one on Rip Currents, one on reviewed three scenarios one on Rip Currents, one on

Extreme Local Beach Erosion and one on Winter Extreme Local Beach Erosion and one on Winter Storms and Beach Erosion along the Jersey Shore. Storms and Beach Erosion along the Jersey Shore.

Case Based Learning Information and PlanCase Based Learning Information and Plan http://myweb.shu.edu/webapps/portal/frameset.jsp?tab=courses&url=/bihttp://myweb.shu.edu/webapps/portal/frameset.jsp?tab=courses&url=/bin/common/course.pl?course_id=_168833_1n/common/course.pl?course_id=_168833_1

Rip Current Erosion ScenarioRip Current Erosion Scenario

You are standing by the shoreline knee deep in the surf. You are standing by the shoreline knee deep in the surf. You are looking at the waves. You are thinking about going You are looking at the waves. You are thinking about going for a swim. When all of a sudden a wave knocks two for a swim. When all of a sudden a wave knocks two children playing near by off their feet and pulls one of them children playing near by off their feet and pulls one of them

rapidly out to sea. What should you do?rapidly out to sea. What should you do?

Make a Make a preliminary plan preliminary plan of action of action (click for word document)(click for word document)

• Based on your background informationBased on your background information

General InformationGeneral Informationwww.njbeaches.orgwww.njbeaches.org Beach Cameras. Scan down to view the beach at Point Beach Cameras. Scan down to view the beach at Point Pleasant or Belmar during daylight hoursPleasant or Belmar during daylight hours

http://www.cleanoceanaction.org http://www.cleanoceanaction.org Beach Sweeps and pollution action informationBeach Sweeps and pollution action information

www.ndbc.noaa.gov. www.ndbc.noaa.gov. storm informationstorm information

www.ndbc.noaa.gov. www.ndbc.noaa.gov. water levels, tides and currentswater levels, tides and currents

www.nws.noaa.gov www.nws.noaa.gov storm trackingstorm tracking

www.nhc.noaa.gov www.nhc.noaa.gov National Hurricane centerNational Hurricane center

http://www.weathermatrix.net/past/ http://www.weathermatrix.net/past/ historic storm datahistoric storm data

www.weather.com www.weather.com The Weather ChannelThe Weather Channel

http://co-ops.nos.noaa.gov/restles4.html http://co-ops.nos.noaa.gov/restles4.html astronomical tides can affect rough waterastronomical tides can affect rough water

Background InformationBackground Information GlossaryGlossaryBackground Information Glossary

Deadly rip currents along the Jersey Deadly rip currents along the Jersey ShoreShore

Information from noaa- go to Information from noaa- go to www.ripcurrents.noaa.govwww.ripcurrents.noaa.gov and the State Department of and the State Department of EcologyEcology

Rip currents can form when erosion creates a low point or a break in a near shore sand bar. This break makes a channel for water to rush back into the sea. These rip currents are also commonly formed along the side of a jetty, pier or groin, where the long shore current may be diverted out to sea.

Swimmers should stay at least 100 feet away from these structures. The seaward pull of rip currents varies: sometimes the rip current ends just beyond the line of breaking waves, but other rip currents continue to push hundreds of yards offshore.

Rip Tide or Rip Current -Rip Tide or Rip Current -NOAANOAA, , National Weather ServiceNational Weather Service

Office of Climate, Water, and Weather ServicesOffice of Climate, Water, and Weather Services

““In some regions rip currents are referred to by other, incorrect terms such as rip In some regions rip currents are referred to by other, incorrect terms such as rip tides and undertow. We encourage exclusive use of the correct term – rip currents. tides and undertow. We encourage exclusive use of the correct term – rip currents. Use of other terms may confuse people and negatively impact public education Use of other terms may confuse people and negatively impact public education efforts.efforts.

As waves travel from deep to shallow water, they will break near the shoreline. As waves travel from deep to shallow water, they will break near the shoreline. When waves break strongly in some locations and weakly in others, this can cause When waves break strongly in some locations and weakly in others, this can cause circulation cells which form rip currents: narrow, fast-moving belts of water and circulation cells which form rip currents: narrow, fast-moving belts of water and sediments traveling offshore. sediments traveling offshore. 

Rip current speeds are typically 1-2 feet per second. However, speeds as high as 8 Rip current speeds are typically 1-2 feet per second. However, speeds as high as 8 feet per second have been measured--this is faster than an Olympic swimmer can feet per second have been measured--this is faster than an Olympic swimmer can sprint! Thus, rip currents can sweep even the strongest swimmer out to sea. sprint! Thus, rip currents can sweep even the strongest swimmer out to sea. Rip currents can occur at any surf beach with breaking waves, including the Great Rip currents can occur at any surf beach with breaking waves, including the Great Lakes. The strength and speed of a rip current will likely increase as wave height and Lakes. The strength and speed of a rip current will likely increase as wave height and wave period increase.wave period increase.

They are most likely to be dangerous during high surf conditions as the wave They are most likely to be dangerous during high surf conditions as the wave height and wave period increase.”height and wave period increase.”• •

Rip Current OptionsRip Current Options

Jump in and try to save the childrenJump in and try to save the children

Call for help from a professional like a lifeguardCall for help from a professional like a lifeguard

Call 911Call 911

Look for a floating device to throw to the childrenLook for a floating device to throw to the children

Yell instructions to the childrenYell instructions to the children

Initial to Final Plan Word DocumentInitial to Final Plan Word Document Winter Storms Preliminary PlanWinter Storms Preliminary Plan During the winter there have been a series of storms that have eroded all the sand and have damaged an existing During the winter there have been a series of storms that have eroded all the sand and have damaged an existing

seawall that allowed ocean water to flood your business and the town. seawall that allowed ocean water to flood your business and the town. . What should you do?. What should you do? Type your answer here.Type your answer here.

Initial PlanInitial Plan What initial plan of action would you choose from the list on the Nor’easter Choices slide? Give a reason for your choice What initial plan of action would you choose from the list on the Nor’easter Choices slide? Give a reason for your choice

based on any general information you have gathered form the links provided.based on any general information you have gathered form the links provided.

Type your answer here.Type your answer here.

Gather more General and Specific Table of Contents information from the links provided to respond to the Gather more General and Specific Table of Contents information from the links provided to respond to the consequence(s) of your initial planconsequence(s) of your initial plan

. . Student OpinionStudent Opinion How would you answer the questions concerning FEMA and Flood Insurance issues on The Rebuilding in the same How would you answer the questions concerning FEMA and Flood Insurance issues on The Rebuilding in the same

location Consequence slide that relate to your chosen plan of action? location Consequence slide that relate to your chosen plan of action? What is your opinion for the questions on the Grandfather Present BusinessesWhat is your opinion for the questions on the Grandfather Present Businesses Slide? Support your opinion with information you have gathered. Slide? Support your opinion with information you have gathered. New Businesses Student OpinionNew Businesses Student Opinion What is your opinion of the information on the Student Opinion slide about building new business close to the ocean in What is your opinion of the information on the Student Opinion slide about building new business close to the ocean in

the future? Support your opinion with information you have gathered. the future? Support your opinion with information you have gathered. Compile your DataCompile your Data Copy and paste any facts you would like to include in your final plan of action Copy and paste any facts you would like to include in your final plan of action Final Plan of actionFinal Plan of action What would be the best plan of action in this case? Support you answer with at least three different pieces of informationWhat would be the best plan of action in this case? Support you answer with at least three different pieces of information ..

How is beach erosion related to coastal winter storms? Support your answer with at least one fact or diagram or picture. How is beach erosion related to coastal winter storms? Support your answer with at least one fact or diagram or picture.

Submit your AnswersSubmit your Answers

Specific Sources of informationSpecific Sources of information

ArticlesArticles VideosVideos Rip Current FormationRip Current Formation PhotoPhoto Gallery Gallery Library DatabasesLibrary Databases InterviewsInterviews GlossaryGlossary

Provide ResourcesProvide Resources

Guided LearningGuided Learning Students gather factually based information Students gather factually based information

using diagrams, maps, photos home labs, using diagrams, maps, photos home labs, new paper articles, video clips, taped new paper articles, video clips, taped interviews and external links to propose a interviews and external links to propose a solution to their beach erosion problem.solution to their beach erosion problem.

Series of questions Series of questions

Reputable / Scientifically based sourcesReputable / Scientifically based sources

Video ClipsVideo Clips

http://media.shu.edu:8080/ramgen/tltc/renhttp://media.shu.edu:8080/ramgen/tltc/renee/martha_fig/chris_formation.rmee/martha_fig/chris_formation.rm Chris on rip current dangers and safety Chris on rip current dangers and safety

http://media.shu.edu:8080/ramgen/tltc/renhttp://media.shu.edu:8080/ramgen/tltc/renee/martha_fig/reaction_and_rules.rmee/martha_fig/reaction_and_rules.rm Life Guard Eric’s advice Life Guard Eric’s advice

InterviewsInterviews

http://media.shu.edu:8080/ramgen/tltc/renee/martha_fig/http://media.shu.edu:8080/ramgen/tltc/renee/martha_fig/children.rmchildren.rm Eric’s explanation of rip current formation Eric’s explanation of rip current formation

http://media.shu.edu:8080/ramgen/tltc/renee/http://media.shu.edu:8080/ramgen/tltc/renee/martha_fig/chris_formation.rm Chris on rip current martha_fig/chris_formation.rm Chris on rip current dangers and safetydangers and safety

http://media.shu.edu:8080/ramgen/tltc/renee/http://media.shu.edu:8080/ramgen/tltc/renee/martha_fig/equipment1.rm Eric’s showing the rescue martha_fig/equipment1.rm Eric’s showing the rescue equipment equipment http://media.shu.edu:8080/ramgen/tltc/renee/martha_fig/fhttp://media.shu.edu:8080/ramgen/tltc/renee/martha_fig/flags_go_with_set_up.rmlags_go_with_set_up.rm Kristen’s tips on how to survive a rip current Kristen’s tips on how to survive a rip current http://media.shu.edu:8080/ramgen/tltc/renee/martha_fig/http://media.shu.edu:8080/ramgen/tltc/renee/martha_fig/dont_depend_on_lg.rmdont_depend_on_lg.rm Kristin on rip current Safety Kristin on rip current Safety

ArticlesArticlesTo Tell the Ongoing Story To Tell the Ongoing Story

Homeowners Sue the TownHomeowners Sue the Town

Six homeowners along Ocean Lane in Beach Six homeowners along Ocean Lane in Beach Town, NJ have filed intent to sue the town Town, NJ have filed intent to sue the town hoping for a solution to the beach erosion hoping for a solution to the beach erosion problem that threatens their homes existence.problem that threatens their homes existence.

Over the past few weeks the tide has advanced Over the past few weeks the tide has advanced along the beach front and has removed the deck along the beach front and has removed the deck and stairway leading onto the beach of one of and stairway leading onto the beach of one of the homes. If there were a severe storm like a the homes. If there were a severe storm like a Hurricane these homes would be in danger of Hurricane these homes would be in danger of being swept into the ocean.being swept into the ocean.

Photo Gallery-House in DangerPhoto Gallery-House in Danger

November 1,1991

ComparisonsComparisons

Before and after soft methods of beach Before and after soft methods of beach ManagementManagement

1991 2005

Same House Fall 2005 Same House Fall 2005

After the Nor’easter October 30, 2005

What can Case Based Learning What can Case Based Learning ProvideProvide

Critical ThinkingCritical Thinking A Mystery of Problem to Solve / cluesA Mystery of Problem to Solve / clues Guided LearningGuided Learning Strategies for LearningStrategies for Learning Consequences for every actionConsequences for every action Realistic decision making situationsRealistic decision making situations Related IssuesRelated Issues Reputable sources of InformationReputable sources of Information

Critical ThinkingCritical Thinking Each choice or proposed solution leads the Each choice or proposed solution leads the

students to students to consequencesconsequences that require further that require further investigation and thought to be included in their investigation and thought to be included in their final plan of action.final plan of action.

Replenishment is expensiveReplenishment is expensive-Estimated the cost-Estimated the cost

Need to find a source of sand that will match the sand on this beachNeed to find a source of sand that will match the sand on this beach Will cover and destroy existing plants and animals in and under the Will cover and destroy existing plants and animals in and under the

sandsand--May affect commercial and recreational fishingMay affect commercial and recreational fishing

Can change breaking waves affecting surfing Can change breaking waves affecting surfing Beach not useable by swimmers and sunbathers during the Beach not useable by swimmers and sunbathers during the

replenishment projectreplenishment project

Related IssuesRelated Issues

Students gather facts to support their Students gather facts to support their opinions on a series of related issues like opinions on a series of related issues like federal flood Insurance and zoning issues. federal flood Insurance and zoning issues. Does FEMA or flood insurance cover any of Does FEMA or flood insurance cover any of

the repairs?the repairs?Should you be allowed to repurchase flood insurance for Should you be allowed to repurchase flood insurance for property that has been flooded or damaged more than once?property that has been flooded or damaged more than once?

Should the owner have to make changes to reduce the risk of future Should the owner have to make changes to reduce the risk of future flood damage?flood damage?

Looking for CluesLooking for Clues Students are placed into a realistic decision Students are placed into a realistic decision

making situation.making situation. Go beyond the obvious answerGo beyond the obvious answer

South wind

Broken Groin

Follow up comment Follow up comment

One of the homeowners in the actual case sold their One of the homeowners in the actual case sold their custom built dream house at a lower price than they paid custom built dream house at a lower price than they paid and have not returned to the Jersey Shore. and have not returned to the Jersey Shore.

The sand has returned for now and the new owner The sand has returned for now and the new owner supports the reconstruction of the breached groin. They supports the reconstruction of the breached groin. They are working on building a small natural dune behind an are working on building a small natural dune behind an existing sea wall using storm fencing and American existing sea wall using storm fencing and American Dune Grass. Dune Grass.

They refuse to have their first floor view of the ocean They refuse to have their first floor view of the ocean blocked by the dune and plants. blocked by the dune and plants.

Do you agree with the new ownersDo you agree with the new owners plan of action plan of action?? Support your answer and submitted it for evaluationSupport your answer and submitted it for evaluation

Follow up Information for the Winter Follow up Information for the Winter Storm ScenarioStorm Scenario

In the actual case Sea Bright decided to work with In the actual case Sea Bright decided to work with the Army Corps of engineers and to replenish their the Army Corps of engineers and to replenish their beaches, The Sea Wall and any other hard beaches, The Sea Wall and any other hard structures have been covered with artificial sand structures have been covered with artificial sand dunes.dunes.

Sea Bright has needed sand added twice since the Sea Bright has needed sand added twice since the initial renourishment in 2000initial renourishment in 2000

OutcomesOutcomes

Blackboard SurveyBlackboard Survey ““The case based learning lesson was easy to The case based learning lesson was easy to

complete.  All of the information was presented in a complete.  All of the information was presented in a clear and concise format.  This activity could be clear and concise format.  This activity could be improved by placing it earlier in the semester”.improved by placing it earlier in the semester”.

” ” Students could also use their judgments to access Students could also use their judgments to access other links by their own research and development.” other links by their own research and development.”

““I thought that the project was something completely I thought that the project was something completely different from anything we have ever done in this different from anything we have ever done in this class.” class.”

Petersheim Exposition for Petersheim Exposition for Academic ExcellenceAcademic Excellence

Two students are presenting their Beach Erosion/Beach Dynamics informationTwo students are presenting their Beach Erosion/Beach Dynamics information

The 10th Annual Petersheim Academic Exposition 2006 The 10th Annual Petersheim Academic Exposition 2006

"Bringing Knowledge to Life”"Bringing Knowledge to Life”        

Sunday, 2 April - Tuesday, 4 April 2006   Sunday, 2 April - Tuesday, 4 April 2006  

An Exposition that demonstrates and celebrates students academic An Exposition that demonstrates and celebrates students academic achievements ! achievements !

Student contributions may include, but are not limited to, the following: Student contributions may include, but are not limited to, the following: poster sessions, presentations, research symposia, theatrical performances, poster sessions, presentations, research symposia, theatrical performances, art exhibits, debates, and concerts.art exhibits, debates, and concerts.

Information can be found online at the following web site:Information can be found online at the following web site:http://http://artsci.shu.edu/acadexpoartsci.shu.edu/acadexpo//or visit or visit www.shu.eduwww.shu.edu  (click on “Academics" and the Exposition is listed under  (click on “Academics" and the Exposition is listed under "Special Programs")  "Special Programs")      

AssessmentAssessment Students grades improved on the objective part Students grades improved on the objective part

of the final examinationof the final examination 80% of the class earned a grade of B+ or above as 80% of the class earned a grade of B+ or above as

their final grade in the Introduction to their final grade in the Introduction to GeologyGeology

Essay answers Essay answers Showed more detail regarding erosion and beach Showed more detail regarding erosion and beach

management techniquesmanagement techniques Students supported their answers with factual Students supported their answers with factual

informationinformation Many expanded their research to include information Many expanded their research to include information

from FEMA, the DEP and other groups involved in from FEMA, the DEP and other groups involved in beach management. beach management.

Plans for the futurePlans for the future

Introduce the scenarios in the second Introduce the scenarios in the second week of classes week of classes

Add a beach replenishment scenarioAdd a beach replenishment scenario Find funding to provide a more Find funding to provide a more

sophisticated method of information sophisticated method of information deliverydelivery

Provide information to shore communities Provide information to shore communities Provide interactive lessons to students Provide interactive lessons to students

grade 9-12 and undergraduate studentsgrade 9-12 and undergraduate students