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SS EN 13823

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Stability .Integrity: Insulation

No collapse or excessive deflection No 9!1PS No excessive heat transfer

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National classifications do not automatically equate with the classifications in the European System, therefore products can only achieve a National class as a result of a BS test and a European classification as a result of an EN test.

B-s3, d2 is an alternative to our current Class 0 and C-s3, d2 as an alternative to our current Class 1 and D-s3, d2 as an alternative to our current Class 3, but as described above, the two classifications are not interchangeable (i.e. a product rated as Class 0 may not achieve B-s3, d2 when tested to the European Standards).

lt is only necessary to quote one ofthe two rating systems (ie BS I European) to achieve compliance with

the Buildin Re ulations.

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FIRE PRESfflTAUON--2011-IIodated December 2012

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Fires 51art when a flammable andfor a combustible mate rial, In combination v.ith a sufficient quantity of an oxldizer 5UCh as oxygen gas Of another oxygen-rich compound is exposed to a source ot heat or ambient temperatu re above the nash point for the luellox ldi.zer mix, and is able to &u!l.tain a rate of ra pid oxidation th at produces a choln reacUon. This Is commonly ca11ed the FIRE TETRAHEDRON.

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Fire cannot exist \'lilhout al of those elements In place and In the right proportions. For example, a nammable liquid wfllstarl burning only il the fuel and o:xyge n are In the right proportions. Some fuel· oxygen mixes ma'y requi re a calllly&t, A .substance that Is not directly lnvol\led In any chemical re action du_ring combusUon , but which t~nables th e reactants to combust more readily.

Once Ignited, a chain reaction must take place whereby fires ca n sustain their own heal by further release of heat energy In the procan of combustion and may propagate, ptovfded there Is a continuous ~; uppty of an oxkfller and fuel

Fire is intensi6ed by incroa'liing the overall rate of combustion. Mc\hQds to do this lnd ude balancing I he Input of fuel and oxicfzer to perfectly balanced proportions, Increasing fuel and oxtdizer Input in this baJanced mix, lncreMi ng the ambient temperature so th8 fire's o;·m heat is better at:Ae to sustain combustion or providin g a cat<tlyst: a non-reacta nt medium In which the fuel and oxldi.zer ca n more re ;~dit y roael ·

A re can be extinguished by removing llny one of the elements of the fi re tetr ahedron. Ct~ nsldt'lr a natura l gas flame such as l rom a stovetop burner. The fi re can be oxtirtguished by any of the fol lowing: ·

Tu rning on Lhe gas supply, which removes tho fuel source. Coveri ng the fla me completely, which sm others thO flame as lht'l combll!ltion both us.es tho available oxygen in the air and displaces it from lhe area arovnd the name v.ilh eo, Application or water which removes heal from the fire fas ter than the fi re ca n p1oduce it . Application of a relludl'lnl chemicll l such as Halon to Ule flame, which retards the chemical reaction itself until the rate of combustion is too t l<m to maintain the"chain reaction.

Building codes and Regulations require passive li re protection Md active fire pro tection systems to ml111mlse damage resulti ng from a fi re. The mo~l com mon form of activ e fi re prol,;:lion Is fi re sprinKlers. To maximise passive ptoleclion of bu~dings , building mate rials and furnlshlngs are tested for fire.reslstance, combustibi lity and flammability, UpholsletY. ca rp eting and plastics used In vehicles a1e als;o tested

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When utilizing test evidence to demonstrate the acceptability of a mate r'lallproducl or ~!ement of construction in the context of the envisaged fi ro hazard, it Is Important th at tho couect lest,_. selllcted to evaluate the approPflate fire performance characleristic(s).

A re tests sot Ol.lt to m easure the fol lov.ing lite characteristics:

·propensity or a materiaUproduct to Ignite/burn: ·propensity of the matorlal/ptoduct to spread fire: · propensity of materisUprodiJCl lo release heat; . propensity ol 11 materie!Jproduct to produce smoke; ·ability or an element ol construction to contain lire or ptotect stnrctures: ·ability o f an element of consltuclion to contain smoke (doors oriy).

Figure 1 shows the typical 6re de11elopment of an un.sptlnklere d, convontionally furnished, mod~t ~t:zed compartment fire. Superimposed on it art? the times and te mpe ratures wh ere tho fi re tests a ro re levant.

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Building RegulatiOn$

The prlndp<'! l alms o! the Buiding ReQOJiations, In the event of fi re In a b!Adlng, are to ensUie:

!.loans of warning and oscap(t

Pro11ision of means or giving an alarm of fi re • Provision of a satisfactory means of escape for per5on s.

lnlomal fife spread (linings)

• That file ~;pread over the inlemallinings of buadingsls Inhibited Th11l fi re groYA:h in l erms of heat release (Class 0) Is Umltod

Internal firo sproad (5 !rudure)

The s tabili ty or the buitd ng in fire A sufficient dogree of separation within the building and bet\~een it and adjacent buihings The pl'esence of an automatic l5-~tem of fire suppression if necessary That there ~re m ellsu res to intVbit I he unseen spread of ti re and smoke in concealed spi1ces .

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External walls and roe~ have adequate rnistance to the spread of fire over th e cxtem <'l envelope Sptca d of fife from one btilding to another is restricted

Accoss snd lacililies for the firo ~oTVico

• Satisfactory access. for tire appfiancn to buildings • The provision of fedli ties In bui ldings to aulst tire-fighters in iife.saving ope rations

AmendineOts to The Building R egulations England and Wales, APJXGVed Doct~ment B Rre Safety · were issued in 2002 and ca me Into errect on 1 March 2003. Both The Technical Standard 0 to lhe Scottish Building Regulations and the 2005 version of Technical Booklet E for Northern Ireland have also been amended to Introduce equivalent changu to Include European Standards.

"fhe current Building Regulations v.ith respect to fire safety are as follows:

Approved Docum ent 8 for England end Wales, Volume 1 deals ~·.;th dwe!llng house s and Volume 2 deals v.ilh buildings other than dwelling houses. Scottish Technical Handbooks, Section 2 Volume 1 deals wi th Domestic and Volumo 2 vAth Non.Domestic d .veOings. Tochnlca"J Booklet E for N. Ireland

Previously !he fi re performance of m ateri als and products was determined by testing to British Standards, predominantly th e use or the BS 476 series. This route remains unch anged but Is su~eme nted b'/ an altern ative European route. through Eu ropean dassificatlons determined by testing to EuroPean Standards, implemented as Brttish Stand11rds (BS EN's).

A consequence of thlsls lh11 l 11 manufacturer who v.ishes to place hl s product to the UK ma1ket can ncmtest and dasslfy his products by t'llther of t·wo routes, Nalio"nal or Eutopean.

At pr esent both the National sod European routes are Include d In Approved DoCument B. No ti me limit has as yet been considered by the Ofnce of the Deputy Pri mo Minister (OPOM} which is responsl~o for the Bllil dlng Regulations. The n&xt rovi<iion of the England and Wales Rogul11tlons will take place during 2013 until then lfle two 1outes llre available. The timescale s for revisions of the othe1 two sets of Regulations Is not knovm.

Fire tests may be d"JV!ded Into 1\vo separate types as described below; each is dealt v.Uh ln<f!Yidually In the V!l rious N ational Regulation9.

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Fire resistance tests determine the behavfout of an element ol construction when &objected to defined heating and presaure conditions which may be encountered In a ful ly developed fi re. The property of 'fire tes.lslllllCe' is often regarded as the abil ity or an element ol bullding construction to ful ~ l lts designed function in the even! or a fire. This function may be to contain a lire (as with a non­loadbearlng wall), or to support tho desig n toad (as with a beam or column), or both (as with a floor).

Fire resistance Is a not e PfOperty of a material but of the complete element (eg noor o r wall}. Th e prope1tie s of a material will affect the performance of any element ot the construction of'o'.tlich 11 forms a part. Therefore, if we are ass;essing a single material, it Is unlikely that. a fire rulsl11nce test on that product \'.-il l be possible; however a l est on an t:!l ement lncorpotatlng the product v.U Indica te to a potential user the l evel of performance that is possi~ e. lt is Important to recognise that any test result is specific to th e complete construction tested - thls inlorrnation ahou1d bo Included In any reference made in a Corti fi cate.

There are th ree cri te-ria for fi re resistance (Sie Figure 2} age fol lows:

Stability: Resistance to col lapse -load-bearing capacity

Integrity: Resistance to penetl'ation et flame or hot gases which can i gnite a coHon wool pad, Whe1e the cotton wool test cannot be use d because of high !eve! of 1edletion, then rallure is deem ed to have occu rred 11' a cr11ck or fissu re exists of dcve!op9 exceeding 6mm in wldlh by 1.50mm In length.

Insulation: Resistance to excnsive temperatUie rise on the unexposed face (i.e. an Increase ot more than 140~c (mean) above the initial temperature, or by more than 180"C at any point) .

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Desirable properties wh ich a1o 1etevant Include·

Dimensional s labi•ty, adhesion, cohesion, ability to resis t thermal ehoek and cracking and low th~rmal conductivity.

However the wayln which 3 material is used, the dnign ol the element of sttucture and the manner of fixingg, aro all important.

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Th.o te!5ot sample& are re,Pfesentative ~·the items that go Into the make up ol bulldogs: doors, walls, fioors, beams, columns. cei lings. etc. Therelore, the whole atructure Is tested and consequenUy lha tests tend la be larger In scale and complexrty.

Performance in te rms of the fi re resl91af'ICe to be met by elements of structure, doors and olhe1 l orm!So of constructio n Is determined by reference to either:

~: BS 476 Fire tosf.s on building meterlsls end s/IUCiuros, Par is 20.24 rof,;;r

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European tests: Tho relevant test methods are BS EN 1384, 1365, 1366 and 1634 and the results are used to obtaln a dasslftcatlon In accmdance v.Hh BS EN 13501 Fit& classift<:atJon ot constllJdion pFoducls snd b!JjJding ef&moni~S.

There aro diffe rent requirements and teats for roofs - performance In terms ol th e re&lstance of roofs to external fire e~eposuro Is determined by reference to either:

National test to BS 476-3 : 2004 External fife oxposUf1J roof lest. This is aduaJiy a oomblnallon of (Ita resistance end reaction to file (see below) where constn.rctions are d asslfted v.ithin the National &Y$tem by 1:\•m letters in the range A-0 wi th an AA deslgnaUon being the best. The fi rst letter Indicates the time to penetration and the second lellar is a measure of the spread of flame.

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European test to ENV 1187:2002 Test m elhod& for e:ttemal fUD orposUt& to roofs whiCh · includes _. lut methods: ·

Tesl 1- with burning bntnds- German version Test 2- with bu rning brands a,nd tMnd- Nordic ve r&ion . · Test 3 -with burning bnnds, v.ind and6upplementary radant hea l- French version Tell 4-Two stage test method Incorporating burning brands, wind and rsupp(ementary radiant heat- UK version

The four test methods are not Interchangeable and only the last, kno\'m as t4, is accep(able under thft UK Building Regulations. Constructfons are cla'Ssified within the European SY$1em as S,OO!'(t4), c.._OOI"(I4) , o.._OOI'(t4), E1100f" (14) or FROOF(I4) with Bji;i OOF (14} being the highest performance an d F11001' (l4) being the lowest in accordance wUh 85 EN 13501-5: 2005. '

Some roof cave ring products (and/or materials) can be considered to ftllfil <!In of the requirements for the performance ch!ullcteristic "external fi re perlormancc• without the need for testing, wbject to any nation<~! prov l&~ons on the design and execution of works being fulfilled. Tablo AS of the Append ix B of Approved Document B gives Nollona l designations of roof coverings, tor example:

Natural slates, f1bre -reinforce d cement slates. day tiles, concrete tiles, profiled sheets of galYanised steel, aluminium, lead sheetlng, mastic asphalt ctc 11re designated M (National dan) or B~tOOF( I4) (European class).

Bfadioa·ta Eiro tosrin<t

Reactfon to. fi ro tests a1e used to eva luate tho contr ibution of a material to nre growth l.o Its contribution to the propag11tion of names in a fire and 'coveu; flemmabUity, name propagation, hea t Ya!ue, smoke and flaming droPets. Tho tests tend to be sma•er In scale and are used on specific co'mponenhl 01 materials.

Reaction to l'ire classifica tion:

Class I Tut methods A1 I EN ISO 1182

·and EN ISO 1716

A2 I EN ISO 1162

and

EN ISO 1716

'"" EN 13823

EN 13823

'"" EN !SO 11925-2 EN 13823

and EN ISO 11925-2

0 I EN 13823 and EN ISO 11925·2 Ellrfso 11925-2

Classlficatlon criteria AT .s: 30UC Bnd Am s:SO% and Tr = 0 (no sustalned ftamlng) PCS s 2.0 MJ/kg {I) and PCS ·~ 2.0 MJ/kg tl'Xl~Jand PCS.S:1.4MJJkg(l) and PCS .s 2.0 MJJ1<a <~> liT s. SOQC and llm :s 50% and Tr s:2Qs

PC5 .1. 3.0 MJII<g (IJ and PCS .s -4.0 MJII<g Cl1and PCS s 4.0 MJII<g m and PC5 s 3.0 MJ.fxg t•J .

FIGRA s 120 Wls and LFS <edge of specimen and THR,M. S 7.5 MJ FIGRA!; 120 Wls and LFS < edge of specimen and THRIOOI s 7.5 MJ Fe s t50llrm \\;thin 80s FIGRA ~ 250 Wls and LFS <edge of specimen and THR~,s 1 5MJ Fs·s 150mm \\Uhin 60s FfGRA s 750 WJs and

Fa ~ 150mm \',Hhin 60s Fs. ~ 150nl m \\1thln 20s

No performance determined

Add itiona l cla ss ification None

None

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Nooo

Prod~ion of smoko & flam~ droplets or particles.

Production of &moke A flanl~ dropltttor p.arlictes.

PrcductlCilOf"sffiOke t. ~amlng dropletsor p.a!1icles.

Pi eduction <l l sffioke & hming droplets or p~rticles_

Production of ~aming droplets or particles Smoke reluu Is np1cted lobe$ubs«anlial.

{1) For homooeni!Ous products and subs tan ti al components of non - hotnOQeneous products (2) Fotj:l_~ill.non - substanti al component of non homoa:cn eous products {31 For anv non .s ubstantial COffiQOMflt of non hom~oneous produc ts f4l For th e prod uct as a whole

ClASSIFICATION·

A1, A2 and B : Non-combu stible and not very combustible products, OYer 20 minutes to flashover C; Moderately combustible products. Between 10 and 20 minutes to llashove r D; Moderately combusllble produc ts. Between 2 omd 10 minutes tlashove r. E: Moderately combustible products. F: lllghl y con1bustl bl e products (or prod ucts whose reaction to fl re has not been ass es-sed>.

SUp-CLASS;

S1 Low srnoke production 52 medium smoka produc tion SJ High smoke production

flAMING QBOpLEIS SUB-CLASSIFICATION:

DO: No flaming d roplets

The test samples are repre&enlalivo of Items that may be expo-sed to a gro\Mng fire: room contents. furniture, wall and cel6ng linings, etc.

The existing UK national clan os are:

non-combustible: when tested to as 476-4:1970 Fke tosts on building malorlals end slruduros- Non-combuslib/1~ lost for meterisrs orBS 47t>-11 :19S2 FirfJ tests 011 building mBforials Bnd sttudures. hie/hod forassosslngUi tt hesl ttmi.uion from building materials.

limited combustibility: by re ference to the method specified In 85 476-1 1:HI82 Firs lttst.s on btilding maletfa/s and $/tueii.JffJS· Me/hod for assessing tho heat emission from buHding mfllot/a/s.

Class 0 {or ' low ri ~o k' In Scotland) : this class Is achieved if a composite material is eithe r composed of material s of limited com bus~blr.ty or a crass 1 material when tested In accordance with BS 476-7 : 199r11 and a fire propagaUon tndcx (I} pr not more than 12 and su~fnde.: (11) ol not more than 6 when tested in accordance v~th BS 476-6 19agt~}

(1) Flnl ttJsl.s on buildings mafan'afs tmd sltud.uras- Alelhod of lo~t to da lermlntt the c/assifica!Jon of sUffa<;e spread of flame of products (2) Fire Jests on blifdin~.s matorlals and structures- Mslhod of fed for 'fire propagation for products.

Class 1-4 : a material wh1ch achieves tho apPfO,Oflate ralfng (le of bel\veen 1 and 4} when tested to BS 476-7:1997. In Scotland, Class t ls described at 'Medium risk', aasses 2 or 3 u 'H1gh risk' and aass -4 as 'Very high risl<.

Note: Class 0 Is not a classification Identified In any single British Standard.

The European class ifica tion system is detailed In BS EN 13501-1:2002 Fite clsuif~ea/ion of comtruclirm product& and building elements, Psrl 1- ClasstriCatJon uslngdal8 from nJlfcflon lo rwe f&sts. As for resistanCe, verious lest methods are used to ob(aln this dassllication. Depending on the dassmoauon sought. tt may be necessary to ctury out up to three tests (see table below for deta~s )

The primary European classes for ell products, excluring floorlngs:, are designated At (1.2, D. C, 0 and E wLth each class re ferencing specific EN test methods. There v.ill also be supplementary classifications relali n ~ lo smoke, s1, s2, s3 and damlng dmplelslparticles dO, d1, d2.

The releYant European test methods are specified as follow:;;:

85 EN ISO 1182:2010 Reaction lo filo tosts few building products- Non-combustiiJHify lest. . BS EN ISO 1716:2010 Reaction to fire te3ts for buildr'ng prodw::ts- Dotormlnttflon of lha gross cahxific valuo. BS EN 13823 2010 Reaclion to fire tosls for bw1dln9 PfOdVdtS· Building products excluding floorings expossd lo the thermal a/tack by il slnglo burning Rom. BS EN ISO 11925-2:2002 Readion to fire tests for building products, Patt 2 lgnifabllify when svbjodad to dired impingement of a n~mft. as EN 13238;2010 Readion to rve tests for buildin~ products· conditioning proceduru end genMal rul&s for selection of subslratos.

Test reports supplied to the BBA often Include tho necessary classification, but if not it may be established as fcllov<"J, ·

0 1: Flaming d roplets that pers ist for less than 10s. 02: Flaming droplets. E'.cam,Oie•:

KOXI<A PIR panel Is classified: Class B- s2, dO Plas~c 1oon/ghts are dasslftedas Class D·s3, d2

Separate-, but similar classiriCatlons are used for floo rings, but there are no reacUon to fire requirements for Lhe performance of noorlngs In the UK Building RcgUations, u the floor is considered lo m(ll<.f;l litue contr ibution to the development of a fire. Some manufacturers may wish to make a refere nce to the performanC() o/ their nooring product in a Certificate for marketing purpoua; this is perm[S'$Ible, but no Regulations reference '" necesnry. lt should be understood. th<~ t the national dassiriCations do not automatically equate 'Nith lhtt classifications In the European S~tem, therelore products can only achieye a National class as a result of o BS les t and a European class tt lc<~llon a.s a reSu lt of an EN test.

s .sJ, d2 Is .;~ n aUernetlve to our current Clan 0 an d C-s3. d2 as an altern ative to our c urren t Class 1 and o.sJ, d2 as an alternative to our c urren t Class 3, but as. described above, tho two cl assification s are nollnlerchangeable { le a product rat!XI as Class. 0 may n'ol achieve B-s3, d2 w hen tes ted to t he t:uropcan Standards).

11 Is only necessary lo quote o ne of the two rating sy.stems (lo BS J Eutopean} to achieve compliance w ith tho Building Regu lations.

The notional pe rformance ra~ngs of certain \•,;dely used generic materials or products aro ihs.ted In latjo AB of the ApptOYCd Document B In terms of their per!Otmance in the lfadllionallinlng tests BS 47B-6: 1989+- A 1 2009 and BS 476-7: 1997 or In accordance v~ l h BS EN 1350\-1:2002.

See also Table A6 Use and definitions or non.combus~ble materials and Table A7 Use and definitions of materials of limited combusliblllty

Other Informal Ion and de tails:

Delails of Fire test organlsaUons are as foloY.'S1' 1:

Exova.iiWjiajjj'"jjjngtiiioiiinl~ CijojjjntiiaciitliAnii<ttiiKi ei" i"'l ' iTechnlcal Manager e.maJI: Ao0' KeamsCE:xovJ .com Mobile•

(1) The 8BA has a consull<!!ncy agreement v~ th Warr!ngton vAlereby, undor a monthfy fee arrangement, advice Is Bllatrable free of fndi11i dual chargo. As a 1esult, Warrl ngtoo ~Should always be consul ted before BRE, a/lhough BRE can ca rry out certain tests I hat Warringlon do not offer.

Intranet for further info1mation: ti ro comment torm, other technical queries and other useful documents.

Fire doe: 17-12-2012

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BBA00010762/6

Jon Denyer Pnnciple Scientist

Nisha Sharma Project Manager and Tech Co-ordinator- Fire

26'' April 2016

Agenda

..- What is fire?

.... Fire tests -Fire resistance

-Reaction to fire

..- Fire Test organisations

..- Certificate wording

.... Sources of information

BBA

....... ------~------------------~------~~ seA .

Agenda

..-. Building Regulations

~ Current Regu lations

- Sources of Approved documents

..- Part B : Fire Safety

-Principal aims·

- Statutory Instruments

c Fire Safety Requirements

Build ing Regulations: Current Building Regulations

Current Building Regulations are as follows: • Separate Approved Document B for

England and Wales: *Volume 1 dea ls with dwelling houses *Volume 2 deals with buildings other than dwelling houses.

• Scott ish Technical Handbooks Section 2: * Volume 1 deals with Domestic dwellings * Volume 2 with Non-Domestic dwellings .

• Technica l Booklet E for N. Ireland .

......::::r.... ---~------~--~------~--~--------~ BBA

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Sources for Approved documents

Links for the Approved Documents ore available on the lntri:met under PAC Reference Library Tab- Building Regulations.

Also available are links to the Legislation documents ($t atutoiy Instruments)

ffi=~~~~~~~------------~----------------~----~ ,~ BBA

Port B : Fire Safety: Princ ipal Aims

External fire spread External wa lls and roofs have adequate resistance to the spread of fire over the external envelope Spread of fire from one building to another is restricted

Access and facilities for the fire service.

Satisfactory access for fire appliances to buildings The provision of facilities in buildings to assist fire-fighters in li fe-saving operations

Port B : Fire Safety : Prin cipal Aims

Statutory Instruments

The principal aims of the Building Regu lations, in the event of a fire in a building, are to ensure:

Means of warning and escape Provision of means of giving an alarm af fire Provision of a satisfactory means of escape for persons ·

Internal fire soread (linings I That fire spread over the internal linings of buildings is inhibited That fire growth in terms of heat release (Class 0 ) is limited · ·

Internal fire spread !structure) The "stability of the building in fire A sufficient degree of fire separation within the building The presence of an automatic system of fire suppression if necessary That there ore measures to inhibit the unseen spread of fire and smoke in c oncealed spaces.

• Current issue is 2010 No 2214 for England and Wales and these hove been amended. They .consist of several Ports l .to 10 covering General section, Control of Building Work, Notices. Plans and Certificates. Supervision of Building Works Otherwise than Loca l-Authorities, Self­certificotior.l Scheme, Energy Efficiency measurements, Water efficiency, Information provided by Person carrying out the Work, Testing/commissioning and Miscellaneous

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Schedule 1 Requirements

What is Fire?

PART A STRUCTURE PART B FIRE SAFETY

PART C RESISTANCE TO MOISTURE PART D TOXIC SUBSTANCES PARTE RESISTANCE TO PENETRATION OF SOUND PART F VENTILATION PART G SANITATION, HOT WATER SAFETY AND WATER EFFICIENCY PART H DRAINAGE AND WASTE DISPOSAL PART J COMBUSTION APPLIANCES AND FUEL STORAGE SYSTEMS PART K PROTECTION FROM FALLING, COLUSON AND IMPACT PART L CONSERVATION OF FUEL AND POWER PART M ACCESS TO AND USE OF BU ILDINGS PART N GLAZING- SAFETY IN RELATION TO IMPACT. OPENING AND CLEANIN G PART P ELECTRICAL SAFETY

.,. Fire cannot exist without all of these elements in p lace and in the right proportions .

.,. Some fuel-oxyge n mixes may require a catalyst, a substance that is not directly involved in any chemic al reaction during combustion, but which enables the reactants to combust more readily.

.,. Fire can be extinguished by removing any one of the elements of the fire tetrahedron .

Part. B Fire Safety Requirements

Fire tests

England a nd Wales - Requirement 81 Means of warning and escape - Requirement B2 ~ 1 J!2j lntemo! fire spread {ltnlngs) - Requirement a3 n) {2) /3) (4}1nternal fire spread (structure} - Requirement B4 (1 } /2} External fife spread - Requirement B5 {1 ) (2)Access and fac ilities tor the f[re sef\/lce Scotland ·

Standard 2.1· Comportmentotlon Standard 2.2 Separatlon Standard 2.3 Structural protection Standard 2.4 Cavltles Standard 2.5 Internal linings Standard 2.6 Spread to neighbouring buildings standard 2.1 Spread on external walls Standdrd 2.8 Spread from neighbouring buildings standard 2.9 Escape standard 2.10 Escape lighting Standard 2.1 lCommunlcatlon standard 2.1 2 Fire and rescue serv ic e access Standard 2.13 Fire ond rescue service water supply Standard 2.14 Fire ond rescue service facilities Standard 2.1 5 Automa1lc fire suppression systems

Northern Ireland Section 1 - Means o f escope Section 2..:. 1nternal fife spreod- Unings Section 3- lntSrno l fire spreod ':"'StrUcture Section 4 - External fir~ spread Section 5 - FacUlties and access for 1he Fire Brigade

Fire tests set out to measure the following fire· characte ris tics:

.,. Propensity of a material/product to ignite/burn

.,. Propensity of the material/product to sprea d fire

.,. Propensity of materia l/product to release heat

.,. Propensity of a material/product to produce smoke

. .,. Ability of an element of cons.truction to contain fire or protect structures

.,. Ability of an element of construction to contain smoke (doors only).

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Fire Tests

~ Fire resistance tests determine the behaviour of an e lement of construction when subjected to defined heating and ·pressure conditions which may be encounte red in a fully developed fire. The p roperty of 'fire resistance' is often regarded as the ability of an element of a building construction to ful fil its designed function in the event of a fire .

~ Reaction to fire tests are used to eva luate the contribution o f a materia l to fire growth i.e. its contribution to the propaga tion of.flames in a fire and covers flammability, flame propagation. heat value, smoke and flaming droplets.

~ A manufacture r who wishes to place his product to .the UK market can test his p roduct by either of two routes, Nationa l or European.

Fire resistance tests

Fire resistance tests determine the behaviour of an element of construction when subjected to defined heating ond pressure conditions which may be encountered in a ful ly developed fire. There are three criteria for fire resistance as follows:

Stability Integrity"

No collapse or excessive deflection No gaps

Stabir.ty fa ilure Integrity failure

Insulation

No excessive heat transfer

Typica l temperature relationship of a fire with the various fire tests superimposed on it to show their limits of applicability.

Fire resistance

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Performance in terms of the fire resistance to be met by elements of structure, doors and other forms o f construction is determined by reference to either:

~ National tests: BS 476 Fire tests on building materials and structures, Parts 20-24 refer ·

or

~ European tests: The re levant test methods ore BS EN 1364. 1365, 1366 and 1634 and the results ore used to obtain a classification in a c cordance with BS EN 13501 Fire classification of construction products and building elements

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Fire resistance

There are different requirements and tests for roofs- performance in terms of the resistance of roofs to external fire exposure is determined by reference to either: • National test to BS 47 6-3 : 2004 External fire exposure roof test. This is actually a

combination of fire resistance and reaction to fire (see ·befow) where constructions are classified within the National system by two letters in the range A-D with an AA d esignation being the best. The first letter indicates the time to penetration and the second letter is a measure of the spread of flame.

or European test to ENV 1187:2002 Test methods for external fire exposure to roofs which includes 4 test methods: Test 1 with burning brands- German version Test 2 with burning b rands and wind- Nordic version Test 3 with burning brands. wind and supplementary radiant heat- French version Test 4 Two stage test method incorporating burning brands. wind and supplementary radiant heat- UK version

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European Classification

The European classifica tion system is detailed in BS EN 13501 -1 : 2007 +A 1 :2009 Fire classification of construction products and building elements. Part 1- · Classification using data from reaction to fire tests. As for resistance. various test methods are used to obtain this classification.

The primary European classes for a ll products. excluding floorings. are designated:

.,. A 1. A2. B. C. D. E and F with each c lass referencing specific EN test methods;

.,. Supplementary classifications re lating to smoke, s 1. s2. s3;

.,. and flaming droplets/particles dO. d 1. d2.

No performance determined (NPD) when no test data is available.

Reaction to fire tests- UK tests

The existing UK nationa l c lasses are: .,. Non-combustible: when tested to BS 476-4: 1970 (Non-combustibility) or

BS 47 6-11 : 1982 (heat emission) .,. Limited combustibility: by reference to the method specified in BS 47 6-11 : 1982

(heat emission) .,. Class 0 (or 'Low risk' in Scotland) :this c lass is achieved if a composite material is

either composed of materials of limited combustibility or Class 1 material when tested in accordance with BS 47 6-7 : 1997 and a fire propagation index (I) of not more than 12 and sub-index (i1) of not more than 6 when tested in accordance with BS 47 6-6 1989 +A 1 :2009

.,. Class 1-4: a material which achieves the appropriate ra ting (ie of between 1 and 4) when-tested to BS 476-7: 1997. In Scotland. Class 1 is described as 'Medium risk'. Classes 2 or 3 as 'High risk' and Class 4 as 'Very high risk'.

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European Test Methods

The relevant Europe an test ·meth<:Jds. are specified as follows:

.,. BS EN ISO 1182 : 201 0 Reaction to fire tests for building products­Non-combustibility test.

.,. BS EN ISO 1716: 2010 Reaction to fire tests for building products ­Determination of the gross calorific value.

.,. BS EN 13823: 2010 +A-1: 2014 Reaction to fire tests for building products ­Building products excluding floorings exposed to the thermal attack by a single burning item .

. .,. BS EN ISO 11925-2: 2010 Reaction to fire tests for building products­Part 2 lgnitability when subjected to direct impingement of a flame .

.,. BS EN 13238: 2010 Reaction to fire tests for building products ­conditioning procedures and general rules for selection of substrates.

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European Test Methods

Reaction to Fire

Test reports supplied to the BBA often include the necessary classification. but if not it may be established as per the Tab le.

Fire Performance

"" National classifications do not automatically equate with the c lassifica tions in the European System. therefore products can only a·chieve a Nationa l class as a result of a BS test and a European c lassification as a result of an EN test.

~~> B-s3. d2 is an alternative to our current C lass 0 and C-s3, d2 as an alternative to our current C lass 1 and D-s3. d2 as an a lternative to our current Class 3, but as described above, the two classifications a re not interchangeable (ie a product rated as Class 0 may not achieve B-s3, d2 when tested to the European Standards).

"" it is on ly necessary to quote one of the two ra ting systems (ie BS/European) to achieve compliance with the Building Regulations.

European Test Methods

(1) For homogeneous produc:ts and substantial components of non- homogeneous products (2) For any external non- substantial component of non homogeneous products (3] For any non substantial component of non homogeneous products (4) For the product as a whole

CLASSIFICATION: A 1, A2 and B : Non-combustible and not very combustible products. Over 20 minutes to flashover C; Moderately combustible products. Between 1 0 and 20 minutes to flash over D; Moderately combustible products. Between 2 and 10 minutes flashover. E: Moderately combustible products. F: Highly combustible products

SUB-CLASS: S1 Low smoke production 52 medium smoke production 53 High smoke production

FLAMING DROPLETS SUB-CLASSIFICATION: DO: No flaming droplets

Dl: Flaming droplets that persist lor·less than 10s. -

D2: Flaming droplets.

Detai ls of Fire Test Organisations

~~> Exova-Warrington - 11l Contact: Andy Kearns, Technical Manager e-mail: Andy.Kearns@Exova·.com Mobile: Tel: -

. ~~> BRE Global - Contact: Stephen Howard, Business Group Manager (Passive

Fire) email: Howords@bre.co.uk Mobile: - Te l: ••••••

~~> Ill The BBA has a cons.ultancy agreement with Warrington whereby, under a monthly fee arrangement, advice is available free of individual charge. As a resu lt, Warrington should always be consu lted before BRE, although BRE can carry out certain tests that Warrington do not offer.

~~> There is a BBA/Exova-Wdrrington Query Form which is available on the Intranet under Technical Forum tab in the reference library. This document should be completed as fully as possible and sent to Nisha Sharma for forwarding to Exova for their opinion .

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Certificate wording

• Key Factors assessed: • Properties in relation to fire- the products con enable o roof .to be unrestricted

under the Building. Regulations {see section 7]. Building Regulations

[E&W MAP] The Building Regulations 2010 (England and Wales) (as amended) Requirement: 84(2) External fire spread Comment: On suitable su bstructures the use of the product can enable a roof to

be unrestricted under the requirements of this Regulation. See section 7 of this Certificate.

[Se MAP] The Building (Scotland) Regulations 2004 (os amend_ed)

Regulation: 9 Building standards applicable to construction

Standard: 2.8 Spread from neig hbouring buildings

Comment: The product. when a pplied to a suitable substructure, is regarded as having low vulnerability and can enable a roof to be unrestricted under th is Standard, with re ference to c la use 2.8.1 flll~l. See section 7 of this Certificate.

Certificate wording

7.3 When used in flat roofs with one of the surface finishes (listed below) defined in part iii of Table 5 of Appendix A of Approved Document B of the Building Regulations England and Wales, or Technical Booklet E. Table 4.6 of Pari IV of the Building Regulations Northern Ireland, the roof is deemed to be BRoOF(t4).

• bitumen bedded stone chippings covering the whole surface to a depth of not less than 12.5 mm • bitumen bedded tiles of a non-combustible material • sand and cement screed • macadam.

j 7.4 The designation of other specifications should be confirmed by:

England and Wales- test or assessment in accordance with Approved Document B, Appendix A, clause 1 Scotland - test to conform to Mandatory Standard 2.8, clause 2.8.1 Northern Ireland - test or assessment by a UKAS-accredited laboratory, or an independent consultant with a pro riote ex erience.

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Certificate wording

[NI MAP] The Building Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2012 (os amended)

·Regulation: 36(b) External fire spread Comment: On a suitable substructure, the use of the p roduct can enable a

roof to be unrestricted under the Requirements of this Regu lation. See sedion 7 of this Certificate.

7 Properties in relation to fire

7.1 The membranes. when used in protected or loose-laid and ballosted roof specifications, ~ including an inorganic covering listed in the Annex of Commission Decision 2000/553/ EC, are unrestricted under the requirements of the notional Building Regulations.

7.2 A system comprising an 18 mm thick plywood substrate, one layer of 1.7 mm thick polyester­based immediate layer membrane. one layer of 3 mm thick APP modified bitumen vapour control layer, one layer of a mineral wool insulation board laminated with an SBS modified bitumen membrane, and one layer of Technoelast SBS EKP will be unrestricted.

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Sources of information

• Guide to Building Regulations, 2nd

Edition

• Guide to PartB of the Building Regulations Fire Safety 2006 Edition

• Fire Technical Forum,-/ntranet: Product and Approval Certification tab : PAC Reference Libr.ory: Technical Forums .

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FIRE SAFETY PART BAND FIRE PRESENT A T/ON-2016

This presentation is part of Fundamentals Training Programme which commenced in February 2016. All PAC staff with less than three years' experience at the BBA are required to attend, in addition to staff working in the area under consideration.

This presentation has been extended to include Fire, which was provided to all PAC staff as part of the training sessions held during 2011.

Building Regulations

The current Building Regulations with respect to fire safety are as follows:

• Separate Approved Document B for England and Wales, Volume 1 deals with dwelling houses and Volume 2 deals with buildings other than dwelling houses.

• Scottish Technical Handbooks, Section 2 Volume 1 deals with Domestic and Volume 2 with Non­Domestic dwellings.

• Technical Booklet E for N. Ireland.

There have been amendments to The Building Regulations England and Wales, Approved Document B Fire Safety, The Technical Standard D to the Scottish Building Regulations and Technical Booklet E for Northern Ireland to introduce equivalent changes to include European Standards.

Links for the Approved Documents are available on the Intranet under PAC Reference Library Tab - Building Regulations. Also available are links to the Legislation documents (Statutory Instruments).

The principal aims of the Building Regulations, in the event of fire in a building, are to ensure:

Means of warning and escape

• Provision of means of giving an alarm of fire • Provision of a satisfactory means of escape for persons

Internal fire spread (linings)

• That fire spread over the internal linings of buildings is inhibited • That fire growth in terms of heat release (Class 0) is limited

Internal fire spread (structure)

• The stability of the building in fire • A sufficient degree of separation within the building and between it and adjacent buildings • The presence of an automatic system of fire suppression if necessary • That there are measures to inhibit the unseen spread of fire and smoke in concealed spaces.

External fire spread

• External walls and roofs have adequate resistance to the spread of fire over the external envelope • Spread of fire from one building to another is restricted

Access and facilities for the fire service

• Satisfactory access for fire appliances to bulldings • The provision of facilities in buildings to assist fire-fighters in life-saving operations

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The current Fire Safety Requirements are as follows: England and Wales

Requirement 81 Means of warning and escape Requirement 82 (1)(2) Internal fire spread (linings) Requirement 83 (1) (2) (3) (4)lnternal fire spread (structure) Requirement 84 (1) (2) External fire spread Requirement 85 (1) (2)Access and facilities for the fire service Scotland

Standard 2.1 Compartmentation Standard 2.2 Separation Standard 2.3 Structural protection Standard 2.4 Cavities Standard 2.5 Internal lin ings Standard 2.6 Spread to neighbouring buildings Standard 2. 7 Spread on external walls . Standard 2.8 Spread from neighbouring buildings Standard 2.9 Escape Standard 2.10 Escape lighting Standard 2.11 Communication Standard 2.12 Fire and rescue service access Standard 2.13 Fire and rescue service water supply Standard 2.14 Fire and rescue service facilities Standard 2.15 Automatic fire suppression 'systems

Northern Ireland Section 1 - Means of escape Section 2- Internal fire spread- Linings Section 3 -Internal fire spread- Structure Section 4 - External fire spread Section 5- Facilities and access for the Fire Brigade

What is Fire?

Fires start when a flammable and/or a combustible material, in combination with a sufficient quantity of an oxidizer such as oxygen gas or another oxygen-rich compound is exposed to a source of heat or ambient temperature above the flash point for the fuel/oxidizer mix; and is able to sustain a rate of rapid oxidation that produces a chain reaction. This is commonly called the FIRE TETRAHEDRON.

Fire cannot exist without all of these elements in place and in the right proportions. For example, a flammable liquid will start burning only if the fuel and oxygen are in the right proportions. Some fuel-oxygen

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mixes may require a catalyst, a substance that is not directly involved in any chemical reaction during combustion, but which enables the reactants to combust more readily.

Once ignited, a chain reaction must take place whereby fires can sustain their own heat by further release of heat energy in the process of combustion and may propagate, provided there is a continuous supply of an oxidizer and fuel.

Fire is intensified by increasing the overall rate of combustion. Methods to do this include balancing the input of fuel and oxidizer to perfectly balanced proportions, increasing fuel and oxidizer input in this balanced mix, increasing the ambient temperature so the fire's own heat is better able to sustain combustion or providing a catalyst; a non-reactant medium in which the fuel and oxidizer can more readily react.

Fire can be extinguished by removing any one of the elements of the fire tetrahedron. Consider a natural gas flame such as from a stovetop burner. The fire can be extinguished by any of the following:

• Turning off the gas supply, which removes the fuel source. • Covering the flame completely, which smothers the flame as the combustion both uses the

available oxygen in the air and displaces it from the area around the flame with C02 • Application of water which removes heat from the fire faster than the fire can produce it. • Application of a retardant chemical such as Halon to the flame, which retards the chemical

reaction itself until the rate of combustion is too slow to maintain the chain reaction.

Building codes and Regulations require passive fire protection and active fire protection systems to minimise damage resulting from a fire. The most common form of active fire protection is fire sprinklers. To maximise passive protection of buildings, building materials and furnishings are tested for fire-resistance, combustibility and flammability. Upholstery, carpeting and plastics used in vehicles are also tested.

Previously the fire performance of materials and products was determined by testing to British Standards, predominantly the use of the BS 476 series. This route remains unchanged but is supplemented by an alternative European route, through European classifications determined by testing to European Standards, implemented as British Standards (BS EN's).

A consequence of this is that a manufacturer who wishes to place his product to the UK market can now test and classify his products by either of two routes, National or European.

At present both the National and European routes are included in Approved Document B. No time limit has as yet been considered by the Office of the Deputy Prime Minister (OPDM) which is responsible for the Building Regulations. Until the next revision takes place, the two routes continue to be available. The timescales for revisions of the other two sets of Regulations is not known.

Fire tests:

When utilizing test evidence to demonstrate the acceptability of a material/product or element of construction in the context of the envisaged fire hazard, it is important that the correct test is selected to evaluate the appropriate fire performance characteristic(s).

Fire tests set out to measure the following fire characteristics:

·propensity of a material/product to ignite/burn; • propensity of the material/product to spread fire; • propensity of material/product to release heat; ·propensity of a material/product to produce smoke; • ability of an element of construction to contain fire or protect structures; ·ability of an element of construction to contain smoke (doors only).

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Figure 1 shows the typical fire development of an un-sprinklered, conventionally furnished, modest sized compartment fire. Superimposed on it are the times and temperatures where the fire tests are relevant.

Figure 1 Typical temperature/time relationship of a fire with the various fire tests superimposed on it to show their limits of applicability

y 1 2

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Key 1 2

3 4 5

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BS4 6-20to­BS EN 1363-1 BS EN 1364-1 to -4

BS EN 3823 BS EN 1365-1 to ·6 BS EN 1366-3 to -6

! 1 BSEN 1634-1 to-3 BS 4 76-6 and -7 BS ISO 3009

I BS ISO 1 0294-Ho -3, -5 I ISO 834-1 to -7 I BS476-4 ISO 10295-Ho -3 1 BS 476-11 ISO 3008 I

BS EN 1631,-3 I

BS 476-31.1

Reaction to fire Fire resistance Initiation Growth Steady state

I I I I

6 Decay 7 Flash-over X Time y Temperature

6

X

Fire tests may be divided into two separate types as described below; each is dealt with individually in the various National Regulations.

Fire resistance tests:

Fire resistance tests determine the behaviour of an element of construction when subjected to defined heating and pressure conditions which may be encountered in a fully developed fire. The property of 'fire resistance' is often regarded as the ability of an element of building construction to fulfil its designed function in the event of a fire. This function may be to contain a fire (as with a non-loadbearing wall), or to support the design load (as with a beam or column), or both (as with a floor).

Fire resistance is a not a property of a material but of the complete element (eg floor or wall). The properties of a material will affect the performance of any element of the construction of which it forms a part. Therefore, if we are assessing a single material, it is unlikely that a fire resistance test on that product will be possible; however a test on an element incorporating the product will indicate to a potential user the level of performance that is possible. lt is important to recognise that any test result is specific to the complete construction tested- this information should be included in any reference made in a Certificate.

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There are three criteria for fire resistance (see Figure 2) as follows:

• Stability: Resistance to collapse - load-bearing capacity

• Integrity: Resistance to penetration of flame or hot gases which can ignite a cotton wool pad. Where the cotton wool test cannot be used because of high level of radiation, then failure is deemed to have occurred if a crack or fissure exists or develops exceeding 6mm in width by 1.50mm in length.

• Insulation: Resistance to excessive temperature rise on the unexposed face (i.e. an increase of more than 140°C (mean) above the initial temperature, or by more than 180°C at any point).

Figure 2 Fire resistance criteria

Stability Integrity Insulation

No collapse or excessive deflection No gaps No excessive heat transfer

' ' Stability faUure

lj~ ~l~K Integrity failure

....-"' ---......... Insulation failure

Desirable properties which are relevant include:

Dimensional stabllity, adhesion, cohesion, ability to resist thermal shock and cracking and low thermal conductivity.

However the way in which a material is used, the design of the element of structure and the manner of fixings are all important.

The test samples are representative of the items that go into the make up of buildings: doors, walls, floors, beams, columns, ceilings, etc. Therefore, the whole structure is tested and consequently the tests tend to be larger in scale and complexity.

Performance in terms of the fire resistance to be met by elements of structure, doors and other forms of construction is determined by reference to either:

National tests: BS 476 Fire tests on building materials and structures, Parts 20-24 refer

Or

European tests: The relevant test methods are BS EN 1364, 1365, 1366 and 1634 and the results are used to obtain a classification in accordance with BS EN 13501 Fire classification of construction products and building elements.

There are different requirements and tests for roofs - performance in terms of the resistance of roofs to external fire exposure is determined by reference to either:

National test to BS 476-3 : 2004 External fire exposure roof test. This is actually a combination of fire resistance and reaction to fire (see below) where constructions are classified within the National system by two letters in the range A-D with an AA designation being the best. The first letter indicates the time to penetration and the second letter is a measure of the spread of flame.

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Or

European test to ENV 1187:2002 Test methods for external fire exposure to roofs which includes 4 test methods:

Test 1 -with burning brands- German version Test 2- with burning brands and wind- Nordic version Test 3 -with burning brands, wind and supplementary radiant heat- French version Test 4-Two stage test method incorporating burning brands, wind and supplementary radiant heat- UK version

The four test methods are not interchangeable and only the last, known as t4, is acceptable under the UK Building Regulations. Constructions are classified within the European system as BRooF (t4), CRooF (t4), DRooF (t4), ERooF {t4) or FRooF (t4) with BRooF (t4) being the highest performance and FRoOF (t4) being the lowest in accordance with BS EN 13501-5 : 2005.

Some roof covering products (and/or materials) can be considered to fulfil all of the requirements for the performance characteristic "external fire performance" without the need for testing, subject to any national provisions on the design and execution of works being fulfilled. Table AS of the Appendix 8 of Approved Document 8 gives Notional designations of roof coverings, for example:

Natural slates, fibre -reinforced cement slates, clay tiles, concrete tiles, profiled sheets of galvanised steel, aluminium, lead sheeting, mastic asphalt etc are designated AA (National class) or BRooF (t4) (European class).

Reaction to Fire testing:

Reaction to fire tests are used to evaluate the contribution of a material to fire growth i.e its contribution to the propagation of flames in a fire and covers flammability, flame propagation, heat value, smoke and flaming droplets. The tests tend to be smaller in scale and are used on specific components or materials.

The test samples are representative of items that may be exposed to a growing fire: room contents, furniture, wall and ceiling linings, etc.

The existing UK national classes are:

non-combustible: when tested to BS 476-4:1970 Fire tests on building materials and structures­Non-combustibility test for materials or BS 476-11:1982 Fire tests on building materials and structures- Method for assessing the heat emission from building materials.

limited combustibility: by reference to the method specified in BS 476-11:1982 Fire tests on building materials and structures- Method for assessing the heat emission from building materials.

Class 0 (or 'Low risk' in Scotland} : this class Is achieved if a composite material is either composed of materials of limited combustibllity or a Class 1 material when tested in accordance with BS 476-7: 1997<1l and a fire propagation index (I) of not more than 12 and sub-index (i1) of not more than 6 when tested in accordance with BS 4 76-6 1989 + A 1: 2009<2l

(1) Fire tests on buildings materials and structures- Method of test to determine the classification of surface spread of flame of products (2) Fire tests on buildings materials and structures- Method of test for fire propagation for products.

Class 1-4 : a material which achieves the appropriate rating (ie of between 1 and 4) when tested to BS 476-7 :1997. In Scotland, Class 1 is described as 'Medium risk', Classes 2 or 3 as 'High risk' and Class 4 as 'Very high risk'.

Note: Class 0 is not a classification identified in any single British Standard.

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The European classification system is detailed in BS EN 13501-1:2007 + A1 :2009 Fire classification of construction products and building elements, Part 1- Classification using data from reaction to fire tests. As for resistance, various test methods are used to obtain this classification. Depending on the classification sought, it may be necessary to carry out up to three tests (see table below for details)

The primary European classes for all products, excluding floorings, are designated A 1, A2, B, C, D, E and F with each class referencing specific EN test methods. There will also be supplementary classifications relating to smoke, s1, s2, s3 and flaming droplets/particles dO, d 1, d2.

The relevant European test methods are specified as follows: BS EN ISO 1182:2010 Reaction to fire tests for building products- Non-combustibility test. BS EN ISO 1716:2010 Reaction to fire tests for building products- Determination of the gross calorific value. BS EN 13823 2010 +A1: 2014 Reaction to fire tests for building products- Building products excluding floorings exposed to the thermal attack by a single burning item. BS EN ISO 11925-2:2010 Reaction to fire tests for building products, Part 2 /gnitability when subjected to direct impingement of a flame. BS EN 13238:2010 Reaction to fke tests for building products- conditioning procedures and general rules for selection of substrates.

Test reports supplied to the BBA often include the necessary classification, but if not it may be established as follows.

Reaction to fire classification· Class Test methods Classification criteria Additional classification A1 EN ISO 1182 f1 T :::; 30°C and None

f1m:::; 50% and and Tr = 0 (no sustained flaming) EN ISO 1716 PCS :::; 2.0 MJ/kg <1> and

PCS:::; 2.0 MJ/kg <2l(2al and None PCS :::; 1.4 MJ/kg <3> and PCS:::; 2.0 MJ/kg <4>

A2 EN ISO 1182 f1T:::; 50°C and None f1m:::; 50% and

and Tr:S 20s

EN ISO 1716 PCS :::; 3.0 MJ/kg <1> and None

PCS :::; 4.0 MJ/kg <2> and and PCS :::; 4.0 MJ/kg <3> and

PCS:::; 3.0 MJ/kg <4>

EN 13823 FIGRA:::; 120 W/s and Production of smoke & flaming LFS < edge of specimen and droplets or particles. THReoos::;; 7.5 MJ

8 EN 13823 FIGRA:::; 120 W/s and Production of smoke & flaming LFS < edge of specimen and droplets or particles.

and THReaos::;; 7.5 MJ EN ISO 11925-2 Fs:::; 150mm within 60s

c EN 13823 FIG RA::;; 250 W/s and Production of smoke & flaming LFS < edge of specimen and droplets or particles.

and THRBOOs 5 15 MJ EN ISO 11925-2 Fs:::; 150mm within 60s

D EN 13823 FIGRA:::; 750 W/s and Production of smoke & flaming and droplets or particles. EN ISO 11925-2 Fs 5 150mm within 60s

E EN ISO 11925-2 Fs :::; 150mm within 20s Production of flaming droplets or particles. Smoke release is expected to be substantial. I

F EN ISO 11 925-2 Fs > 150mm within 20s - I

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(1) For homogeneous products and substantial components of non - homogeneous products (2) For any external non -substantial component of non homogeneous products (3) For any non substantial component of non homogeneous products (4) For the product as a whole

CLASSIFICATION:

A1, A2 and B : Non-combustible and not very combustible products. Over 20 minutes to flashover C; Moderately combustible products. Between 10 and 20 minutes to flashover D; Moderately combustible products. Between 2 and 10 minutes flashover. E: Moderately combustible products. F: Highly combustible products (or products whose reaction to fire has not been assessed).

SUB-CLASS:

S1 Low smoke production S2 medium smoke production S3 High smoke production

FLAMING DROPLETS SUB-CLASSIFICATION:

DO: No flaming droplets D1: Flaming droplets that persist for less than 1 Os. D2: Flaming droplets. Examples:

KOXKA PIR panel is classified: Class B- s2, dO Plastic rooflights are classified as Class D-s3, d2

Separate, but sim ilar classifications are used for floorings, but there are no reaction to fire requirements for the performance of floorings in the UK Building Regulations, as the floor is considered to make little contribution to the development of a fire . Some manufacturers may wish to make a reference to the performance of their flooring product in a Certificate for marketing purposes; this is permissible, but no Regulations reference is necessary. lt shou ld be understood that the national classifications do not automatically equate with the

. classifications in the European System, therefore products can only ach ieve a National class as a result of a BS test and a European classification as a result of an EN test.

B-s3, d2 is an alternative to our current Class 0 and C-s3, d2 as an alternative to our current Class 1 and D-s3, d2 as an alterna~ive to our current Class 3, but as described above, the two classifications are not interchangeable (ie a product rated as Class 0 may not achieve B-s3, d2 when tested to the European Standards).

lt is only necessary to quote one of the two rating systems (ie BS I European) to achieve compliance with the Building Regulations.

The notional performance ratings of certain widely used generic materials or products are listed in Table A8 of the Approved Document B in terms of their performance in the traditional lining tests BS 476-6: 1989+ A1 2009 and BS 476-7: 1997 or in accordance with BS EN 13501-1 :2002.

See also Table A6 Use and definitions of non-combustible materials and Table A7 Use and definitions of materials of limited combustibility.

Other information and details:

Details of Fire test organisations are as follows(1l-:

Exova-~ontact: An Mobile:-Tel:

Manager e-mail: Andv.Kearns@Exova.com

8

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BBA00010762/22

)

)

BRE Global - Contact: Stephen Howard, Business Group Manager , e-mail: Howards@bre.co.uk Mobile: ~el: or Sheila Warbus Senior Consultant Roofing e-mail: war uss re.co.uk , Tel:

(1) The BBA has a consultancy agreement with Warrington whereby, under a monthly fee arrangement, advice is available free of individual charge. As a result, Warrington should always be consulted before BRE, although BRE can carry out certain tests that Warrington do not offer.

Intranet for further information: PAC Ref Library : Technical Forum- Fire: fire comment form, other technical queries and other useful documents.

Fire doe: 26-04-2016

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BBA00010762/23

BBA Staff Training

2013

Recap of Module 3

The purpose of the training modules is to:

• ensure BBA Procedures/Processes are understood.

• enable Project Managers to follow current BBA procedures/ requirements as best practice in producing an Agrement Certificate- from the Application process, preparing contracts, assessing test data, factory production control, drafting the Certificate and completion to issue

• Module 3: Product Assessed

-Collation and evaluation of data

- Decision on approval

Content

• Recap of Module 3

• Feedback

• Module 4: Certificate produced

-Commenting

- Publishing

-Issue

Feedback

As a result of the feedback from Module 3, the following actions have been taken:

-Contract variations- can be more than one page

-Changes to reports for review Folders: Class 1 and 3

- Process darificationfor ~~ad er and Follower certificates

:.-....,......-...-~----·­----.~---no.--~ .... ----........ ----""""~""-----....... -.--*----===--:::=::.~--=-~..::~

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BBA0001 0762_0024

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A00010762/24

/...-..... Communication ,'-!M.:::::::=

• Following feedback from Claire and our clients there is no doubt about the importance of customer service.

• PM's must remain in regular contact with clients throughout the assessment process, at least once a month, even when there is no progress to report.

• All communication must be documented and filed.

• New CRM will soon be here to help!

Module 4:

Certificate produced

Initiate traveller log C......-.:. FW: .... , .... Corl1rK1 rmionil•~n:: 1) .. .. , .. - .f) . - . l)

CERTIFICATE TRAVELLER LOG - Versfon 13 P...t A -TE:OOOCAL. APPROVA1.

• o~~Ooulh Pludud:~•­

c.rfll-e-1•~~ ACo'lt1otof~~ ~ .. n..--1

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~d

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0 fO"f,t, C !'UPAS

rti<Qid.of.A.pprqvi'IJ'~~

~~t(,j"Cf'Wiolmllme-~rs~eci0.1aopMMinJI,ol

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BBA0001 0762_0025

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A00010762/25

Completion of draft • Once the traveller log has been initiated by HoA the

Certificate draft is passed between the TW, PM and HoA to ensure it is technically complete.

• The PM changes the status of the job from valid contract (VC) to draft twaps (DT) on Job con 11.

21Khtlia.IC«D~d~ .OW~!!iN1-WI~"illltdvt=ti';-r..c~t:eoQ-l~2!KI.c:::;;~j.

Pm;ta~

!~~\r:t-!1"

lif.J.dCIU•>:~:mJ<ilJ

AS EARl. Y AS POSSIBLE: ·

Requ~t graphics 1n>m client (Iron! poge picture for eaoll Produot Sheet an~ any lira wings)

~t:able-fo:mil~f(t(grOJphEc:s~EPS,CAD~ TlFF,?Df, J:PEG~-~ root of page .._

r-o.:ln"o"'rans"'"'-to"'ld"'er"lll"JO~~co~ots"'. crea=;:;te:<su;;;bolo=;;<ld;:;er,...., r<o""' lh~ ,!>fold., 'Graph~ NOT check<dbyPublisl!illg' in which to tempDr.!llity sto-re tllese g.I'Ziphics (for ju~ ..11 (ow:"r ~ge. pit:tu~. no sub-folder needed} ..

L-----~G~m~p~nlcs~,.~~~~~d~~~m~dle~n~t ____ _J

........ Create additional :500-foW~s(relatitle 10 ditfet"CN: PrCKi~Kt Conflnn graphics are whatyot.~ expecb:!d- S~J withtn 'Graphics NOT dJ~Ir:e'fi by Pubfisbirlg' sub-&fnot.cont'l:ttc£1ent:assoonas osslbte fo!&!t,if~ry ..

W~ wi:tll TW:n.~.a&pos.sible- V~ don't need lo­

llavei Tr-To'cll~ tcginordetro Wirtthll'£fap1lics proc.E1S

r-'"""'c."'ro=l wlll::;;;:e::;:h::cec"'k"'g:::£:b:!E.bl;;:;cs;-:•::.,:-:0::0::c~::P!=bl;;;e---,! carol will r~ise ·with TW- e.g. wll! ~ w 11:110\"1 if ptlQto5. ..a- are-ofinsufftcimtfes!llutio,;

To'l wllltetyou knowoti!Comeandcreare newsut>­f<>ldorln Dfafts In whlcbto store checlil!d9f"pllb

Keoe!J ttte- emo-ty'Gr~phiaNQT t;ilflk~blt Publishing' SJJb-­lo~C:er,in.QSe vou:n;oc:ei\'f' new ar.aphics.fromdient

ll

Graphics

• There is a new procedure for dealing with graphics within a Certificate

• See 'Procedures to follow regarding Graphics in Certificate'

• If there's just a front page picture and no other graphics some of the following will not be re I eva nt.

lO

I ONCEGRAPHICSHAVE6eENCHECKED/YOIIKNOWWHEREGRAPHICSWILlGOINCERTifiCATE: I Ot1 prlntl!'d ropy, m;rrk ~,~:p ~~ion'!. (rf r~<~r~t). .md

no:J:1! wheroe: ~e:-e-goes !Produo;$heef._ f~KUr~nurn~).

Lilli$e wttn To'l (who will liaiSe wt111 Publishing}

,-------'-i!il-=-------------, .,.._ S~*<I'Slf1,S2364PSll~S23...slf3(Mfflh""'>re Czlro$wiU Jabeltacb gmphle with the job number, vtrvfle1.'ilgt3Phlcs. caro1 <::~n uwiillv Latoeith~ a1: rm sm.l!'

prcductsheetnumb-erand AgUI'I!- ntnn'M-r -tinW .asr::he(tin~

-i!il-Carcloxpons labol!e<l graphiCs Into Drafts folder of }OIIoontsso thatttley are IMiflable for Insertion

Into ttle Word dmltwlltn ready

On« Ef".aphicslll-ve«-eo~~led bv'-rcd, de NOT mab any~~nd-em tha~t'$.::1,1.;tl.-l~r1;iof;::"14'whna.r:e::s.

l11taW~ D~dunp!c;theordto:roff-;ure c-tuc-nmn: bt:~'cltwlllcr:e:ateror<fvsl.on.md~cdel3y::

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BBA0001 0762_0026

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Commenting /~

:~PA~ • The draft is then passed to publishing to be

circulated. The status of the project is changed to DR by Publishing.

• Do not send drafts to client unless approved by HoA • Cit ...... ~TS

~~(;:~n.t=Cllul:l:

• Fo ~'m;~'lo!r.a-lt!Cid~ent't!t'lutl'm!"'!jl~.~~~~~~"''ti:JDA ly.

• Le -----------------------------------~~--- _c ________ ":';' __ c---"-"---- 1 nd 3.2 Cln:v~RonmcOINMnti1Dfti~Qalr.~jll~~fl1~3:t~

CO SulrJ'.>~arromm~~:;~~ eont::m:: ~

se _ ---------------~~.,._-+,.,~- ..... ----------!~~~~~ __________________ _ l.J Contim:lllll..-quncl~~· C«.~

rr t:... .... ·ot!~bi'•"""""I"C'""'.........__~, WJ:Pr;,JKII~-P..:iJ~,r~-t<~~~ • Tl- oj, fW~Y...,-~,~~~-:;~..,_

-

Certificate decision

• HoA reviews the technical dossier including evaluation report and basis of acceptance.

• PM's must ensure that a copy of the AQP is saved in the Jobcon FS folder.

en

~~~~~~~~M~ ... ~~~--------------------------­

~~~Dol.~trtn=1E'I~~~....p;.oMI~C~.GLmM~ .. ~-OrC~r:Jiallc!ILI\da~DCPCII'Iol"fl~(rl ......... , ~-- . .._ __ _

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Comments received

• Comments must be sent to Mandy who will save them in the relevant FS folder (if not sent to her directly, ensure she has a copy to update her log)

• Responses to the comments must also be saved in the FS folder (drafts).

• The draft must be updated (with track changes) by the PM and the TW following the consideration of

·-~011-ootJimtf\13 ~~r~~'l:!-~~~.jr!CIY~'II~'H:I:!~~~IIl'Kiu~<)'"rtc.rtJloc..·••11r> ·~\'J...,-

HoA Checklist

• The Head of Approvals checklist is located on the intranet: Forms, templates and Application Forms tab.

• The HoA will use this to audit the technical dossier, reviewing one additional aspect in detail

• The form is saved in Basis for Acceptance folder in Technical Dossier

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BBA0001 0762_0027

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A00010762/27

__ ,. __ ._.. .... ,

:=:~.S~T .. :.:.~:..~~:T'£:~:~

Conversion to Final Accepted Draft l~"'~ • The word draft is then converted by Publishing in to final

published form which is checked by the PM and TW • A final draft of the Certificate is sent to the client for

approval (two week period). • Any technical comments may result in extra costs to the

client (HoA to authorise and PM to request invoice from accounts usually £450).

• Once complete the FAD is approved/signed by the HoA and the Chief Executive

Certificate number created • The Customer Centre check that all payment has

been received with Finance. CC buddies will put job on hold if no payment has been received.

• The Customer Centre create a Certificate number and create an entry in Prospero. A Certificate folder is also created in Jobcon FS.

I! U~Pftl.llperu

1,1 ~~~E-~t;:lt\<lnoe!Qt~f,mr.t.Qt!Vl~~~~ Cori'fn·m .......... DMI.!.. .. . . NEW CERTFI::ATE$.~/ot IEW$1:-1E£TSQrallftmr REI:$ .WE$ •~~<~ $TA..NOAAO~tlF)C~fES"f.kfp'IO ,K"Oo:ll'l n li.:Z c-tn~~llfc\IWWCcf1r!taW:o~Wl~I')·C~morC"""'~Callllc:&ll!!"r11.1n"'bt'flr:IP~D.

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CustomcrC.-ntR:addShal:lsiD~m~

Conf>m

Certificate issued • Once the Certificate has been signed it is despatched to the

client who receive a framed copy for the First Issue (for UK clients only), a CD-ROM containing a high resolution pdf version of the Certificate and a BBA logo.

• An e-Certificate was previously placed in the Jobcon FS and lA Folders. Tnis is no longer done. TW save a copy in the FS

"\ODiiC).il'd1cedlitCitll Publisn~~ ~noCoograto.Jia<orr?ilO'to ~om:aM.e:-ComlliarJe -cs plli=Cedtn~.~o. FS ana !.A i.oi~.

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Rel:aun- CUJTO.IIXI" Gcnn ~ SYC =.re IIIM"I"oel'~ Ccl:n(~m~ . Date ....... "' ~chccl1.J

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i:l Uplo.ed rmages

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5

BBA0001 0762_0028

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A00010762/28

··., .... ?

Set up surveillance

• The Quality Plan is finalised and issued. A pdf and word version is saved in the Cert folder by the PM's

• Surveillance is set up using the form on the intra net

• Surveillance is usually twice per year for standard Certificate

13.§,~1!1~ Projoclllanoger;i!jsli\,Ca.1N-rtow0u;idy~JTOI<o;t'ap;ll!>&lf("'Re<!J~q,odu;l'a!l<tha'A,,.OI!Qu;ilyl'laifan~

S"""'llao:e~to W.hl;<di>t

Remember

• If Certificate has been circulated as a leader, PM's please email John Albon so it can be designated as so. Leader/follower relationship is now recorded on Prospero. Explain to clients what is involved in the Certificate issuing process and the timescales involved.

All documents, including relevant correspondence emails, decisions, evaluation report, HoA checklist, draft Certificate documents must be saved in the appropriate folders. Create sub­folders as necessary.

• Only final version of the draft Certificate(s) is kept in the main folder, previous versions can be saved in sub-folders.

• Follow the naming conventions as per the intra net announcement and Module 2-Consistent terminology for saving documents.

Time sheets must be completed on a daily basis and correctly without multiple entries.

Job/File Closure • The CTL is sent back to the Customer Centre who

will confirm details in Prospero and move the job file in the Certificate file in Jobcon F$.

• The job will then be closed by the CC • The CC will scan the traveller and the front page of

signed Certificate of each PS and file. This is then

~~~~~~g,lf~~·~~~"""~~~~~--~-~~~-~-~--~~~----------

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Module 5

• Module 5 will cover Surveillance and Review procedures

"

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BBA0001 0762_0029

BB

A00010762/29