Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
INTRODUCTION TO BROADBAND
• Networking Basics
• Overview Of NIB
• Broadband Network
• Installations Overview
NETWORKING BASICS
Computer Network
• Computer network connects two or more autonomous
computers.
• The computers can be geographically located
anywhere.
Types of NetworksLAN, MAN, WAN
• Network in small geographical Area (Room, Building or a Campus) is called LAN (Local Area Network)
• Network in a City is call MAN (Metropolitan Area Network)
• Network spread geographically (Country or across Globe) is called WAN (Wide Area Network)
LAN - MAN
WAN
Network Topology
Network Architecture
Peer-to-peer network
Network Architecture
Server-based network
Network Architecture
Client-based network
Network Hardware
• Network Interface Card• Ethernet NICs• 10/100 NICs• 100/100/1000 NICs
Network Hardware
HUBHubs or repeaters
Network Hardware
SWITCH
Types : L2 Switches, L3 Switches
Network Hardware
• REPEATERS
Network Hardware
Bridge
Network Hardware
ROUTER• Connect two or more networks • Forward data packets between
• Decision taking Device
Network Hardware
Gateways• A gateway is like a super-intelligent router.• Gateways are designed to connect radically
different networks. • Slower than a bridge or router• Perform complex functions such as interpreting both
protocol and bandwidth conversion• Example - Messaging gateway, which converts
messages between different protocols.
18
Overview of NIB
19
20
A1 + A2 + A3 POPsIP MPLS Core Network
STM- 16 Link
Cisco 12416 Router
Delhi
Kolkatta
Chennai
Bangalore
Mumbai
Lucknow
Patna
Core A3
Core A2
Core A3
Jullunder
Jaipur
Ahmedabad
Ernakulam
Mangalore
Core A3
Indore
Pune
Core (P)
Core A2 Cisco 12410 Router
Core A3 Cisco 12410 Router
Hyderabad
Core A3
Core A3
Core A1
Core A3
Core A1
Core A1
Core A2
Core A1
Core A2
Core A1
21
A1 + A2 + A3 + A4 POPsIP MPLS Core Network
STM- 16 Link
Cisco 12416 Router
Delhi
Kolkatta
Chennai
Bangalore
Mumbai
Lucknow
Patna
Core A3
Core A2
Core A3
Jullunder
Jaipur
Ahmedabad
Ernakulam
Mangalore
Core A3
Indore
Pune
Core (P)
Core A2 Cisco 12410 Router
Core A3 Cisco 12410 Router
Bhubaneshwar
Coimbatore
Hyderabad
Core A4
Core A4
Core A4
Core A4
Ranchi
GuwahatiCore A3
Core A3
Core A4
Allahabad
Core A1
Core A4
Core A3
Core A1
Core A4
Core A1
Core A2
Core A4
Nagpur
Chandigarh
Core A1
Core A4
Raipur
Core A2
Core A4
Vijayawada
Core A4 Juniper M40e Router
Core A1
STM-1 Link
Layer-2 Edge Network (Customer Interface)
22
Edge routers in 71 cities connected to the core layer either locally through the Gigabit Ethernet interfaces or remotely
through dual homed STM-1 links. A1 Cities- Chennai ,Mumbai, Bangalore, Delhi and
Kolkata. A2 Cities- Hyderabad, Pune and Ahmedabad.
A3 Cities- Lucknow, Jullundhar, Jaipur, Indore, Ernakulam
and patna. A4 Cities- Coimbatore, Chandigarh, Allahabad, Guwahati, Ranchi,Bhubaneshwar, Raipur, Mangalore,
Nagpur and Vijayawada. B1 Cities- 21nodes (Vizag in A.P.)
B2 Cities- 26nodes (Rajamundry, Tirupati in A.P.)
Devices in A1 Cities: Edge Router ------------ Cisco 7613 Core Router ------------ Cisco12416
23
Devices in A2 & A3 Cities: Core Router ------------ Cisco12410 Edge Router ------------ Cisco 7613
Devices in A4 Cities: Core Router ------------ Juniper M40 Edge Router ------------ Cisco 7613
Devices in B1&B2 Cities: Edge Router ------------ Cisco 7613
24
Core A1 P Router
Remote PE
Remote PE
Remote PE
B1/B2 PEB1/B2 PEB1/B2 PE
IDC Edge
PE (M40e) Local
PE(IPTAX)
STM-1
STM-1
STM-1
STM-1
GE
L4-L7 Sw
Intl GW
FE
Lin
k
NIB I
RASRAS
IXP FE Link
L3 Switch
NIB-1 POP
MPLS
IP Network
Area 0
Internet
Internet
BRAS
GE
GE
Customer Edge
FE link
GE link
STM-1 Link
STM-16
BSNL NIB-2 Project1 Connectivity for A1 Cities (Chennai,Mumbai)
GE
GE
RR
25
NIB-II Node Layout for B1 & B2 cities
Edge
router
RAS
Network
Interface (STM-1)
FE
E1s
To PSTN
exchanges
NIB -I
router
To leased line
customers
Security Solution
AntiVirus Solution
Notification
Network Intrusion detection System
Control System
Self-protectionResource protectionRights delegationProgram Controls
26
27
NIB- II DSL Broadband deployment
BB
Broadband RAS
480 Port DSLAM
SDH RINGLayer 2 GigEAggregation
SW
GigE
GigE
GigE
LAN Switch
NOTE: Items indicated in dotted
line boxes are not part of Project 2.2
Corerouter
Gig E & FE
FE FE
FE
B1 city B2 city
120 Port DSLAM
48 Port DSLAM
ADSL terminals ADSL terminals ADSL
terminals
FE
64 Port DSLAM
GE
240 Port DSLAM
ADSL terminals
GigE
FE
GigE
24 Port DSLAM
FE
• Content• Server
• SSSS
FE
28
Functional Blocks of SSSS/SSSC
SSSS
Web based Portal
COPS
Service Activation
EngineRADIUS
LDAP
PolicyRepository
BBRAS
Collocated with each BBRAS
At NOC
Provisi-oningSystem
PolicyEngine
Security Solution
AntiVirus Solution
Notification
Network Intrusion detection System
Control System
Self-protectionResource protectionRights delegationProgram Controls
29
Network structure of BB
Broadband = High Speed, High Capacity Data Communication
Technologies -
DSL, Cable Modem, Ethernet, Fixed Wireless Access, Optical Fiber, W-LAN, V-SAT
Broadband TechnologiesBroadband Technologies
Broadband TechnologiesBroadband Technologies
Existing infrastructure DSL over Copper loop Cable Modem over Cable TV network Power Line Broadband Access
New Infrastructure Fiber To The Home (FTTH) Hybrid Fiber Coaxial (HFC)
Wireless Infrastructure Fixed Wireless Access (FWA) Wireless LAN (Wi-Fi) (802.11) V-SAT IMT-2000 (3G Mobile) High speed WLL
xDSL
Digital Subscriber Line
Copper Loop Technology
•Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)
• Modem-like technology
• Allows transmission of voice, video and data over existing Copper telephone lines at Megabit Speeds.
• Copper Lines - Local loop or the last mile from the Exchanges.
What is DSL? What is DSL?
DSL comes in several different varieties, which are known collectively as xDSL.
ADSL (Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line)
SDSL (Symmetrical Digital Subscriber Line) HDSL (High bit-rate Digital Subscriber Line) IDSL (ISDN Digital Subscriber Line) VDSL (Very high bit-rate Digital Subscriber Line)
TYPES OF DSLTYPES OF DSL
Comparison of xDSL SystemsSystem Bandwidth
Up stream Down Stream
ADSL 16-640kbps 2-9 Mbps
HDSL 2-9 Mbps 2-9 Mbps
SDSL 2-9 Mbps 2-9 Mbps
VDSL 2-9 Mbps 13-53 Mbps
RADSL 128kbps-1 Mbps 600kbps-7 Mbps
Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line - Uses G.dmt
Up to 8 Mbps bandwidth downstream and up to 1 Mbps upstream.
Asymmetrical - Ideal for Internet/Intranet surfing, video-on-demand and remote local area network (LAN) access.
Typically Download is more than Upload.
What is ADSL ?What is ADSL ?
ADSL DMT Modulation
Upstream
Frequency (KHz)
DownstreamVoice
0 4
256 frequency bands of sub-carriers of4 KHz bandwidth and spacing of 4.3 KHz.Each sub carrier can support maximum
15 bits/Hz. Depending on signal to noiseRatio for that sub carrier a decision is taken
How many bits that particular sub carrier canSupport. Each carrier can carry 0-15 bits/sec/Hz
Carriers 1-6 for voice and guardband
25 138 139
No
of
Bit
s
15
1104
6 37
16
69 kHzUpstreamPilot Tone
64
276 kHzDownstreamPilot Tone
38 255
Splitter – To Separate Voice and Data
Enables the Voice and Data simultaneously.
Full rate ADSL - Maximum range of 18,000 feet (about 3.4 miles, or 5.5 km) from the telecommunication provider company's central office to the end-user.
What is ADSL ?What is ADSL ?
Benefits of ADSLBenefits of ADSL
Always onAlways on
Simultaneous Usage of Phone and Simultaneous Usage of Phone and Internet.Internet.
Speed – Upto 9 MbpsSpeed – Upto 9 Mbps
Dedicated Connection.Dedicated Connection.
Connection is highly Secure, compared to Connection is highly Secure, compared to shared-media Cable Modem. shared-media Cable Modem.
Broadband Components• DSL CPE’s
• DSL AM
• LAN Switches : Tier-1 & Tier-2
• BRAS
• RADIUS and LDAP
• SSSS
• Provisioning System
Internet
TIER-1
TIER-2
DSLAMCPE
BRAS
SSSS
MULTIMODE FIBER
SINGLEMODE FIBER
UTP Cable
EMS
SSSC
CISCO S/WPMS
TIER-2
DSLAMCPE
Broadband Network Interconnectivity Network elements
BSNL Broadband
MDF
CPE
LE
DSLAM
Splitter
Telephone
PC
230V
TV
STB
OFC
Typical Connectivity from
DSLAM
DSLAM
Splitter
ADSL eqpt.
Telephone
21
Broadband Access using ADSLBroadband Access using ADSL
INTERNET
PSTN
RouterDSLAM
CONTENT PROVIDER
VIDEO ON DEMAND SERVER
VIDEO ON DEMAND SERVER
PHONE
INTERNET ACCESS
VIDEO ACCESS
ATM SW
DSLAMDSLAM
MA5300 MA5105
DSLAM
DSLAM: DSL Access Multiplexer.
- Built in splitter
- Voice - Normal conventional path through exchange
- Data is aggregated and up linked through Ethernet Port
(Gigabit Ethernet for 480 port and Fast Ethernet for lower DSLAM)
TIER 1 and TIER 2 TIER 1 and TIER 2 SWITCHSWITCH
T 1 Switch
S8016
T 2 Switch
S6506R
Tier 1 Switch
SFC : Switching Fabric CardsData switching & clock
1:1 Hot backup
E4GC : 4 nos.of GE optical ports in each cards
: 7 nos. of such cards
EGFT : 16 nos.of FE optical ports in each cards
: 2 nos. of such cards
Broadband RAS SFU : Service Forwarding Unit - Interface Card in slot 1&2 nos. each with 2 nos. of GE ports ( Tx 0dB; Rx –25dB ) - Service Processing Unit (SPU ) in slot 3
SPU : System Processing Unit card in slot 3
SMU : Service Management Unit 2 nos. ( 1+1 ) hot standby in slot 9&10
Power supply
50v, D.C. 1000W
BRAS
• Supports termination of DSL customers.• Allotment of IP address to customer• Bandwidth control using rate limiting• Act as an edge router for terminating VPN
traffic.• Protocols: OSPF, BGP, MP-BGP and LDP• Supports Lawful interception and
monitoring
BRAS Architecture
• Deployed at the edge of the NIB-II network
• Installed in all the A sites (except Mumbai). Total 23
• Capacity of 8 Gbps (in A1 sites) and 4 Gbps (in other A sites)
• Can handle 480000 concurrent sessions (A1 sites)
Broadband by BSNL
480
BRAS
Tier 1
Tier 2(Durgapur)
DSLAM240 120 64
GE
FE
CPECu
CInternet Satellite TV
VoD server
1 11
GE FE FE
GEGEGE
Cu Cu Cu
GE
TX room
Switch room
STM Ring
FE
64
FE
Cu
FE
MKR
CHD
MHS
HDP
TIER-1 & TIER-2 LAN SWITCH CONNECTIVITY OF PUNE
A2+A3 Nodes - 9
SiSi
SiSiSiSi
SiSi
SiSi
GE Interface
GE Interface
GE Interface
GE Interface
Tier-1 LAN Switch MKR
TIER-2 SWITCH
TIER-2 SWITCH
TIER-2 SWITCH
TIER-2 SWITCH
<40km <40km
<40km
<40kmSiSi
SiSi
SiSi
SiSi
SiSiADH
YRD
DKD
MHS
MHS
CTO
TIER-2(MHS) & DSLAM CONNECTIVITY OF PUNE
A2+A3 Nodes - 9
SiSi
FE Interface
FE Interface
FE Interface
FE Interface
TIER-2 SWITCH
MHS(480 P)
Bhawani Peth(480 P)
CTY (480 P)
CANT(480 P)
DARK FIBER
<10km
ETH OVER SDH
56
Installations Overview
Customer Premises Installation
Splitter ADSLRJ 11 RJ 11
RJ 11
RJ 11
RJ 45
Line
Single User with Voice and Data
Splitter ADSL
STB
RJ 11 RJ 11
RJ 11 RJ 45 RJ 45
RJ 45
AV Port
Single User with Voice, Data and Video
Line RJ 11
Splitter ADSL
Switch
Multi user BusinessCustomer
Line
RJ 11 RJ 11
RJ 11
RJ 45
highpassfilter
LINEDSL
lowpassfilter
TELE
Circuit Diagram of A POTS Splitter
Splitter Separates the 300 Hz to 3500 Hz
voice channel from upstream and downstream channels
Consists of a lowpass filter (LPF) for POTS and a highpass filter (HPF) for upstream/downstream channels
Passive device Contains lighting protection
circuitry
CPE Installation
BRASCPE
PPPoE Session
T2 SwitchT1 Switch
Bridge Mode
DSLAM
IP Address is allocated to PC By BRAS
Router Mode
BRASCPE
PPPoE Session
T2 SwitchT1 Switch
IP Address is allocated to CPE
By BRAS
IP Address is allocated
to PC By CPE
NATDSLA
M
Multi User Customer
BRASCPE
T2 SwitchT1 Switch
Bridge Mode
DSLAM
IP Address is allocated to PCs By BRAS
Multi User Customer
If a user is allowed to login multiple sessions withBRAS with same password, every machine establishes a separate PPPoE Session with BRAS. Every machineGets full bandwidth for that account provided CPE -
DSLAM Link supports that.
Switch
ADSL Port on DSLAM Should allow that many MAC addresses
CYBER CAFERouter Mode
BRASCPE
T2 SwitchT1 Switch
DSLAM
IP Address is allocated to PCs By CPE
Multi User Customer
In this mode PPPoE is configured on CPE and onlyOne session is established between CPE and BRAS.CPE gets IP Address from BRAS. DHCP in CPE
Allocates IP addresses to machines. In this case allThe machines share the bandwidth allowed for that
Account. CPE has to do NAT also.
Switch PPPoE Session
NAT
Summary
• Networking Basics
• Overview Of NIB
• Broadband Network
• Installations Overview
