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BATCH: 2018-2020
SEMESTER –III
PAPER: OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT (MB301)
Facility Layout
FACULTY: Mrs.E.Sajitha,
Asst. Professor,MBA
Contents :
Facility Layout – Meaning , Objectives
Factors influencing Layout
Facility Layout – Principle and Importance
Types of layout
Layout Planning
Case Study
Plant/Facility Layout :
Disposition of various facilities within the
area of the site selected. It begins with the design of
the factory building and goes to the location and
movement of a worktable.
Arrangement of –
Machinery
Equipment
Other industrial facilities
Achieving Quick production at least cost.
Objectives of Good Layout
-Material handling costs.
-Movement of people and material
-Hazards to personnel
-Accidents
- Production capacity
- labour efficiency
- Employee morale
- Space utilization
- Ease of Supervision and Maintenance
Factors Influence
Material
Product
Manpower
Machinery
Type of Industry
Location
Managerial
Policies
Principles For Ideal Layout
Ideal
Layout
Minimum Travel (minimum movements &
material handling)
Sequence
(Smooth & continuous
flow)
Usage and Flexibility
Safety and Satisfaction (improved
environments)
Compactness and Minimum
investment
(cubic space utilization)
Importance
Economies in handling
Effective use of available area
Minimization of production delays
Improved quality control
Avoidance of bottlenecks
Continued…
Better production control
Better supervision
Improved utilization of labor
Improved employee morale
Avoidance of unnecessary and
costly changes
Types of Layout
Product Layout
Fixed Position Layout
Service Facility Layout
Process Layout
Cellular Manufacturing Layout
Combined Layout
Process layout:
Functional layout /job lot manufacture or batch
production layout.
Involves grouping of similar machines or similar
operations at one location
General purpose machines.
Advantages of Process Layout:• Greater Flexibility• Better and more efficient supervision possible
through specialization• Capacity of different product line can be expanded
easily.• Better utilization of men and machine.
Disadvantages:•Completion of same product takes more time.•More floor space•More work in progress•More distance travelled by the product.•Production control becomes difficult
Process layout:
Product Layout
Straight Line or Layout for Serialized Manufacture.
Arrangement of machines in ONE LINE depending on
the sequence of operations.
Materials are fed in the first machine & finished
products comes out from the last machine.
Preferred for continuous production
Eg: Chemical, rubber, refineries, cement industry,Sugarcane mill and paper mill
Product layout
Advantages:•Mechanization of materials is possible and material handling cost can be reduced.•It requires less floor area.•It facilitates better production control.•Production bottlenecks are avoided.
Disadvantages:•Expansion of product line is difficult.•There is difficulty is supervising.•Breakdown of equipment disrupts the production.
Combined layout
Combination of different types of layout viz. product
layout and process layout.
Fixed Position Layout
Movement of men and machines to the product.
Bulky product.
Eg: Aircraft assembling, ships, construction of a building, assemble of an ship.
Fixed position
Advantage:Less investment is required in this layout and less transport cost asbulky machines are not moved.
Service facility layout
Service oriented industries like Banks, Hospitals etc
Why revision??...
Expansion
Technological advancements
Improvement in the layout
Case study
MacDonald’s kitchen layout
REFERENCE:
1) INDUSTIAL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT, AUTHOR- O.P KANNA
2) PRODUCTION AND OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT,
AUTHOR- K.ASHWATHAPPA & K.SHRIDHARA BHAT