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ENERGY EFFICIENT AIR CONDITIONER USING PHOTO VOLTAIC CELL

PROJECT BY

A.ADHITHYA REG NO.111911105002B.ILAVARASAN REG NO.111911105017L.KARTHIKEYAN REG NO.111911105304

Under the Guidance of

INTERNAL GUIDEDr. K. SATHIYA SEKAR, M.Tech, Ph.D.Professor

EXTERNAL GUIDEMrs.S.SHANTHI

Chief Manager-NSIC

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NSIC

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ABSTRACT

• Development of Renewable Energy to meet the growing energy demand.

• Nowadays usage of Air conditioner is more. So, the load demand is

increasing day by day.

• In recent days the progress on the solar based Air conditioner has increased.

• Therefore, this project focus in the implementation of DC motor in Air

Conditioner integrated with Photo Voltaic system which consists of PV panels,

charge controller, inverters and batteries.

• The solar energy is renewable and eco friendly.

• Instead of using AC motors in the Air conditioner, DC motors are used for

reducing the Power Consumption.

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OBJECTIVE

• Using of DC motor instead of Induction motor in the Air conditioner

• Linear speed control to be done .• To improve the working of system using a batteries with charge

controller for controlling the charging of batteries.• This system to be run the Indoor unit even the power cut ,it will

work as fan and can use for other load also.

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LITERATURE REVIEW Daut eta al “ Solar Powered Air Conditioning System” (2013),ELSEVIER

International Conference, Energy Procedia 36(2013)• This research work explains the solar power used for Air Conditioner

System but the controlling process is not takes place and they used AC motor is a drawback for this system and speed control is not used these are the draw backs of this system

Habib Ben Bacha eta al “Air Conditioning By Solar Energy”(2003) Journal of Electron Devices,2003,JED

• This research work explains a detailed survey and description of a new solar -based air-conditioning technique using a solid adsorption system

• But this system not gives a power consumption less and accurate controlling process

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Puneet Kumar eta al “Comparative Analysis of Air Conditioning System Using PID and Neural Network Controller”(2013),International Journal of Scientific Research.•This Research work explains the control of air conditioning system such that the output temperature of air conditioning systems are getting as required by the operator with fast response and low consuming power •But this system only doing a control process not there power consuming so this is drawback of this system

LITERATURE REVIEW(contd.)

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DRAWBACKS ON EXISTING SYSTEM

• The regulating of speed of Air conditioner is difficult it is regulated in switching step by step not in fine tuning

• Power consumption is high• During the normal operation the room temperature gets certain

level ,the air conditioner will cut-off after sometime the air conditioner will run this operation repeats more than 100 times per day for 24hrs running of air conditioning system

• By using AC motors in the Air Conditioner causes a starting takes the high load current comparing to DC motor .

SAEC/EEE

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PROPOSED BLOCK DIAGRAM

PV CELLCONTROLLER

CIRCUITS

AC SUPPLY

OUTDOOR UNIT

INDOOR UNIT

BLOWERS

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DETAILED BLOCK DIAGRAM(for indoor unit)

PV CELL CHARGE CONTROLLER

BATTERY

EXTERNAL TEMPERATURE

SETTING

CONTROLLER CIRCUIT

TEMPERATURE SENSOR

DRIVE CIRCUIT

INDOOR UNIT

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MERITS OF PROPOSED SYSTEM

• Power consuming is less comparing to existing system• Speed control is finely achieved• using of charge controller to sense when the batteries are fully charged

and to stop, or decrease, the amount of current flowing to the battery due to this battery not drain fast

• High efficiency comparing to existing system.• if the power cut is occurs the outdoor unit is only off but the

indoor unit the blowers are rotates so the air ventilation will got so the people can satisfy there needs

• if Air conditioner not in use ,the battery can use for other needs and load also.

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PHOTO VOLTAIC CELL

• Photovoltaics (PV) is a method of converting solar energy into direct current electricity using semiconducting materials that exhibit the photovoltaic effect.

• Here the two panels are connected series and this terminal is given to charge controller to avoid reversal action

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CHARGE CONTROLLER

• It controls the flow of electrons from PV

panel to the Battery

• It increases the Battery efficiency

• It work depends on the pulse get from the

multi-vibrator circuit

• It decides the flow of electrons to battery

and it avoids that battery heating during

charging time

• It control the flows of electrons from the PV

panel to the battery by switching of the

MOSFET by square pulse from the multi-

vibrator circuit

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CONTROLLER BOARD

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FEATURES

• The PIC controller 16F877A is used to get the analog value of temperature

through the temperature sensor and this values is convert to Digital by the

Inbuilt ADC( Analog To Digital Converter)

• The MAX232 IC is used for interfacing a PC and Controller by using

RS232 communication and data is viewed by the MS-Visual Basic.

• The temperature sensor is given to analog port of the Controller

• There are five ports in the controller and Port A and E are analog and Port

B,C,D are Digital, Its operating voltage and frequency is 5V and 10Mhz

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DAC BOARD

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FEATURES

• The main working is to converts digital messages to analog values by

DAC0808 IC

• External temperature and temperature setting is controlled and signals are

compared and given to the controller through the DAC board

• Remote setting value is given in PC and temperature sensor value is given

to the Controller and Comparison the values given to the DAC

• In this board consists of two Op-Amp to increasing the gain of the Op-

Amp. 1st op-amp acts as I to V converter, 2nd op-amp acts as voltage

follower

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PMDC MOTOR

• Working principle based on the fact that whenever a current carrying

conductor is placed inside a magnetic field , there will be mechanical force

experienced by that conductor, No need of field excitation arrangement.

• No input power in consumed for excitation which improve efficiency of dc

motor.

• No field coil hence space for field coil is saved which reduces the overall size

of the motor so it will reduce the size of the indoor unit

• Cheaper and economical for fractional kW rated applications.

• Fine tuning is achieved

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DUAL POWER SUPPLY

R 2

C 3C 1 C 4+12

2

+12UR O/P

TRANSFORMERI/P FROM

GND

R 4

C 5 C 6+5

2

U 27805

V IN

1

VO U T

3

U 3

7912

V IN2

VO U T3

-12+5R 1

R 3

C 2 C 7 R 5 C 8

R 6-12

C N 2

12345

C N 1

123

U 17812

V IN

1

VO U T

3

D 3

D 1

D 2

D 4

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FEATURES

• In this dual power supply board the three voltage regulators are connected IC7805,IC7812,IC7905

• This board consists of full wave bridge rectifier due to higher efficiency

comparing with half wave bridge rectifier• The 15volt taken from the 230V/15V transformer is given to bridge

rectifier and it is filtered with capacitor and voltage regulator and can use the power supply to various boards

• This 7805 represents ‘78’ means positive and ‘05’ means +5V and 7812 means +12V and 7905 means negative 5V

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HARDWARE

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OUTPUT

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DESCRIPTION

• For Output MS-Visual Basic 6.0 is used .

• The main parameters are voltage, current, airflow and temperature.

• While using MS-comm control to interface both software and hardware for

original values.

• It can represents the power consumption level is less in the proposed

system.

• The codings are declared with the PIC controller ports for the input and

data to be taken for execution of simulation.

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REFERENCES[1] Bvumbe, J.; and Inambao, F. L. Solar Powered Absorption Cooling System

for Southern Africa. University of Kwazulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; 2011.

[2] Daut, M.Adzrie, M.Irwanto, P.Ibrahim, M.Fitra, Solar Powered Air Conditioning System (2013),ELSEVIER TerraGreen13 International Conference, Energy Procedia 36(2013)

[3] Habib Ben Bacha, Maalej, and Hamed Ben Dhia, Air Conditioning By Solar Energy(2003) Journal of Electron Devices,Vol.2,2003,JED[ISSN:1682-3427]

[4] Jung-Ho Huh, Michael J Brandemuehl, Optimization of air-conditioning system operating strategies for hot and humid climates

[5] Mehmet Azmi Aktacir, Orhan Büyükalaca, Tuncay Yılmaz, A case study for influence of building thermal insulation on cooling load and air-conditioning system in the hot and humid regions,Elsevier, Applied Engineering, Vol.87, Issue 2, Febrauary 2010

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[6] Poonam Shelke, Gajanan Malwatkar Energy Efficient Air Conditioner System Without Compressor: Application of Embedded System, International Journal of Innovative Science, Engineering & Technology,vol.1,Issue 5,July 2014 [7] Puneet Kumar, K.P.Singh Comparative Analysis of Air Conditioning System Using PID and Neural Network Controller(2013),International Journal of Scientific Reasearch,vol.3,issue 8,August 2013 [8] Tsoutsos, T, Aloumpi, E, Gkouskos. Z and Karagiorgas, M. Design of a Solar Absorption Cooling System in a Greek Hospital. Energy and Buldings; 2009.[9] Yong Wang, Kelvin K.L. Wong, Hongmei Du Jing Qing, Jiyuan Tu,Design configuration for a higher efficiency air conditioning system in large space building, Elsevier, Energy and Buildings. [10] Y.H.Yau, The use of a double heat pipe heat exchanger system for reducing energy consumption of treating ventilation air in an operating theatre—A full year energy consumption model simulation, Elsevier, Energy and Buildings, Vol.40, Issue 5, 2008

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LIST OF PUBLICATIONS

1) International Conference SathiyaSekar .K, Adhithya . A, Karthikeyan .L, Ilavarasan .B, Shanthi .S,

“Energy Efficient Air Conditioner Using Photo Voltaic Cell”, International Conference on Science, Technology, Engineering and Management(ICONSTEM'15) on March 26th (2015).

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THANK YOU