Basic Knowl edge HandBook - · PDF fileBasic Knowl edge HandBook ... the Budapest University of Technology and Economics, ... the new Department for Sustainable Urban Development was

EnSURE Energy Savings in Urban Quarters

through Rehabilitation and New Ways of Energy Supply

Basic Knowledge

HandBook

2.3.1 Output

Complete version

April 2011

2.3.1 output - Basic Knowledge HandBook

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Partner’s project responsible of the output: Agenda 21 consulting l.t.d (PP12

Cooperation: all EnSURE partners


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Index Preface .......................................................................................................................................... 4

1 The alpha – tables ...................................................................................................................... 6

2 EnSURE actors’ roadmap ............................................................................................................ 8

3 The analysis of previous experiences ......................................................................................... 22

4 Examination of Local Supply System .......................................................................................... 26

5 Indicators .................................................................................................................................... 29

6 Bibliography ............................................................................................................................... 49

7 Political and normative documentations ................................................................................... 59

ANNEX A - Pocket Basic Knowledge HandBook ............................................................................ 63

ANNEX B - Analysis of previous activities ..................................................................................... 65

ANNEX C - Examination of the local power supply system in partner towns/regions ................. 67


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Preface EnSURE project aims to enhance the energy performance of urban structures by applying integrated

approaches for an energy efficient urban development in the Central Europe area. About urban energy

issue many topics (analysis, researches and applications) will be taken in to account during project

progress.

The Basic Knowledge Handbook (2.3.1 output) is one core element of the project’s knowledge management

from its starting. It is part of the WP 2 “Communication, knowledge management and dissemination” for

the Action 2.3 “Knowledge management”.

The output want to be a collection of many key information and documents useful to have a good setting of

the energy contest, and in particular for the urban energy efficiency issue in which EnSURE project is going

to take place in the European (and not only) scenario.

The Handbook presents two version: this one is completed ma there is also the small one, called Pocket

version.

• The “COMPLETE version”, that here we introduce, is a sort of reference library for many materials:

reading the Index of the content it includes also some of the singolar output version presented in

the ANNEX A-B-C at the end of the document.

1 The alpha – tables

2 EnSure actors’ roadmap

2.1 EnSURE Partnership

2.2 Actors’ map involved in EnSURE project

3 The analysis of previous experiences

4 Examination of Local Supply System

5 Indicators

6 Bibliography

7 Political and normative documentations

ANNEX A-B-C1

• The “POCKET version” want to be a more fruitful and easy information tool, not only for project’s

partners but each one interested to the energy issue.

Both two Handbook ‘s version are very smart structured to be in one hand a good start point for who is

interested in the project, and in the other one to be a useful tool to go deep in the EnSURE and wider

current Energy framework.

1 Singolar output version:A- Pocket Basic Knowledge HandBook; B- Analysis of previous activities;C-Examination of the

local power supply system in partner towns/regions


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Example of one alpha-letter table

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3

5 4

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1 The alpha – tables

The document is structured in 26 smart alpha-tables, each alphabetical letter tackles some

main topics both linked to the project and some more interesting issues in the current wider

Energy scenario. The Apha-letters are divided in 4 section, such as tackling in the project, and

they are represented with 4 different colored bands to help the reader to have quickly

information about the topic (see n.1 in the figure below).

I. section : Energy basket of choices - BLUE

II. section : Governance - RED

III. section: Urban quality - GREEN

IV. section: Financial mechanisms - ORANGE

In each table the sub-title of the topic is

translated in every EnSURE partners’

languages (n.2 in the figure). The central

section is dedicated to the description of

the topic, with most interesting and

basically information about the topic (n.3

in the figure). In the second part of the

table there are some different

information: the references to updated

publications (book, EU Directive-EU

communication, different documents)

and interesting websites to visiting (n.5 in

the figure). Other information are in the close part: some deepening of the topics, or pictures,

charts of most interesting data or the reference to some previous projects on concerning topic.

In some described projects are involved some EnSURE partners. These information was taken

from a previous output 3.1.3 titled “Analysis of previous experiences” (n.4 in the figure).

All information in the tables are not comprehensive for the concerning topics; this output

mentions only some key information and some key definitions coming from the main listed

biographic references in the box. That would give a good opportunity to starting a research on

the interested topic and to be a useful tool to continue the work of the EnSURE project.

4 section in summary

SECTION NU.

KEY WORD

Section 1 - Energy basket of choices 10

Section 2 - Governance 6

Section 3 - Urban quality 7

Section 4 - Financial mechanisms 4


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The Alpha-tables

The “Handbook POCKET version” want to be a more smart and fruitful starting project tool, not only for

project’s partners but each one interested to the energy issue.

Look the fulfilled document in the Annex A – Pocket Basic Knowledge HandBook (2.3.1 Output)

Alpha

LETTER KEY WORD SECTION Pag.

A ACER Section 1 - Energy basket of choices 9

B BAUKULTUR Section 3 - Urban quality 10

C CERTIFICATION Section 3 - Urban quality 11

D DISTRICT HEATING SYSTEM Section 1 - Energy basket of choices 12

E ENERGY EFFICIENCY Section 1 - Energy basket of choices 13

F FINANCIAL INSTRUMENT Section 4 - Financial mechanisms 14

G GEEREF Section 4 - Financial mechanisms 15

H HYDROGEN Section 1 - Energy basket of choices 16

I INTEGRATED URBAN

DEVELOPMENT Section 2 - Governance 17

J JASPER-JEREMY-JESSICA-JASMINE Section 4 - Financial mechanisms 18

K KYOTO PROTOCOL Section 1 - Energy basket of choices 19

L LIGHTING Section 3 - Urban quality 20

M METERING Section 2 - Governance 21

N NEGA JOULE Section 1 - Energy basket of choices 22

O OPPORTUNITY IN FINANCING Section 4 - Financial mechanisms 23

P PARTICIPATION Section 2 - Governance 24

Q QUESTIONNAIRE Section 2 - Governance 25

R RENEWABLE ENERGY Section 1 - Energy basket of choices 26

S SEAP Section 2 - Governance 27

T TRANSPORT AND MOBILITY Section 3 - Urban quality 28

U URBAN QUALITY & LANDSCAPE Section 3 - Urban quality 29

V VOLUNTARY AGREEMENTS Section 2 - Governance 30

W 2000 WATT SOCIETY Section 3 - Urban quality 31

X X CLIMA Section 1 - Energy basket of choices 32

Y YEARBOOK Section 1 - Energy basket of choices 33

Z ZERO EMISSION Section 1 - Energy basket of choices 34


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2 EnSURE actors’ roadmap

2.1 EnSURE Partnership at a glance

The partnership consists of 13 partners, 7 local partners and 6 scientific and research institutions, in detail

local authorities, public equivalent bodies such as

building cooperatives, real estate companies and

regional development agencies, technical

specialists in energetic issues and in financial

issues and scientific and research institutions.

They come from 5 Central European countries: 2

from Germany, 3 from Hungary, 5 form Italy, 2

from Poland and one from Slovenia.

All partners share the common interest of

developing methods to improve energy efficiency

and the use of renewable energies in urban

development. Each partner contributes to the common aim but plays a different role: Local partners and

public equivalent bodies will develop energy efficient urban development concepts and action plans,

prepare the implementation of measures of these concepts, develop financial instruments to implement

the actions, realise selected pilot projects and prepare larger investments. They are supported and assisted

by the technical specialists in energetic and financial issues.

Scientific and research institutions are responsible of knowledge management and capacity building: they

accompany the local project partners, analyse, compare and evaluate their pilot project results, generalise

the results and edit them for communication.

The Project Partners with scientific and research background are regrouped in the Scientific Advisory Team

(SAT). This Team, lead by the Budapest University of Technology and Economics, assures knowledge

management within the project. It is responsible for a scientific analysis, comparison, evaluation and

generalization of the partners’ contribution. It scientifically processes the project results and edits them for

communication. The SAT also provides advisory services to the other Project Partners regarding their local

activities.

Members of the SAT are

� PP 5 – Eastern-Hungarian European Initiations Foundation (KEK)

� PP 9 – ( BUTE)

� PP 10 - (MUT)

� PP 12 – Agenda 21 consulting (AGENDA21)


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Leader Partners - City of Ludwigsburg

Project manager Sandra Kölmel

Info contact [email protected]

Website www.ludwigsburg.de

The City of Ludwigsburg is situated in the Region of Stuttgart, one of the most prosperous regions in

Europe, with about 2.5 million inhabitants. Ludwigsburg is a significant middle centre in the north of

Stuttgart with approximately 85.400 inhabitants and a strong linkage to the surrounding area.

Ludwigsburg is a prosperous economic centre, it is home to 50 factories, 1200 craft-oriented and

commercial companies and over 2000 wholesale and retail outlets. Accommodating a teachers' training

college, the University of Applied Sciences and the only film academy of the state, Ludwigsburg is also a

centre of education.

The greatest and best-preserved baroque palace in Germany is also situated in Ludwigsburg. The city is said

to be the cradle of Swabian poetry and in the past the kings of Württemberg resided here.

The city planning is influenced by the 30 small military barracks and caserns built in the 18th and 19th

centuries. The basis for all activities in Ludwigsburg is the integrated city development concept with

principles and strategic objectives in 11 areas: Attractive housing, education and care, economy and work,

mobility, coexistence of generations and nations, dynamic town centre, vital town districts, energy, cultural

life, a world of sports, and green areas in the city.

For example in the area energy the strategic objectives are: implementation of beacon projects (e.g.

Energetikom, centre of energy competence and eco-design), energy optimisation, implementation of the

total energy concept, intensive public relations and advisory services, independent and local energy supply

and energy saving in traffic by an integrated urban planning and traffic planning.

The concept was approved by the city council in 2006. Ludwigsburg developed a total energy and climate

concept, based on an integrated urban development plan. Its implementation by numerous individual

projects is currently in progress. In order to ensure structured control of the process and the work within

the administration, master plans were set up, which include the strategic goals as well as their operative

realization. In order to be able to gauge the effect of the measures, about approximately 60 indicators were

set up.

The municipality was newly organized for implementation of the sustainable urban development; in

particular the new Department for Sustainable Urban Development was created in 2008. This department

is directly responsible to the Lord Mayor and also incorporates the tasks of business development as well as

energy and European policy.

Besides the Centre of energy-competence and eco-design (Energetikom) was established in 2009. With the

new centre a network for experts and users in fields of energy saving, energy efficiency, climate protection

and eco-design is being created. The main aim is to develop a core competence for energy questions

through the networking of different stakeholders.


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PP2 - Development Agency GAL Genovese

Project manager Angela Rollando


Website http://www.agenziadisviluppogalgenovese.com/

Genoa is an important seaport in northern Italy, the capital of the Province of Genoa and of the Region of

Liguria. The city has a population of about 610,000 and the urban area has a population of about 900,000.

The city of Genoa covers an area of 243 square kilometres (151 sq miles) between the Ligurian Sea and the

Apennine Mountains. The city stretches along the coast for about 30 kilometres (18 miles) from the

neighbourhood of Voltri to Nervi, and for 10 kilometres (6 miles) from the coast to the north along the

valleys Polcevera and Bisagno. The territory of Genoa can then be popularly divided into 5 main zones: the

centre, the west, the east, the Polcevera and the Bisagno Valley. Genoa is close to popular touristic centre

such as , Portofino and Camogli.

The Development Agency GAL Genovese was born in 1997 to take part to Leader II European programme.

GAL Genovese has a large private/public partnership: Province of Genoa, Chamber of Commerce of Genoa,

Entrepreneurs Associations. The main aim of GAL is to support integrated socio-economic development of

Genoa Province by improvement of sustainable use of environmental and human resources. GAL has a

large experiences in management participatory processes, involving of stakeholders and has a wide

experience management of European Funds: Leader II, Leader+, Interreg III b Alpine space and Interreg 3C

(all zones). Actually cooperation programme: Alpine space 2, MED, Central and 4c.

PP3 - SIPRO County Board for Development

Project manager Chiara Franceschini


Website www.siproferrara.com

S.I.PRO ., Società Interventi PROduttivi, was set up on November 17th, 1975 and in 1999 it was renamed

S.I.PRO. Agenzia Provinciale per lo Sviluppo SpA. Members: the 26 Municipalities of the province, the

Provincial Authority of Ferrara, the Chamber of Commerce, Casse di Risparmio di Ferrara e di Cento, Banca

Antonveneta Gruppo Montepaschi. Shareholders’Capital: 5.697.614,80.

The Mission is “Study, promotion and implementation of initiatives aimed at fostering the DEVELOPMENT

OF MANUFACTURING ACTIVITIES”, by offering, in particular, an overall solution including land, equipped

facilities for enterprises and services aimed at the enhancement of local resources.Its main objectives are:

� Designing and developing infrastructures to foster economic development, in particular of industrial

settlement areas

� Strengthening and regeneration of the existing industrial assets

� Development of co-operation networks between the local authorities and the enterprises

� Regional marketing and attraction of new investments.

SIPRO is committed in design, implementation and management of a few targeted actions in the following

areas:

� regeneration and re-use of derelict industrial areas


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� creation of innovative ecologically and technologically equipped industrial areas, including the

exploitation of alternative energy sources (photovoltaic systems)

� assessment of the suitability of strategic intermodal logistics to meet the local development needs

� development of innovative and environmentally sustainable productive investments

� promotion of innovation of the productive system and of technological transfer to enterprises,

including the management of business incubators for new enterprises.

PP4 - City of FAENZA

Project manager Giuliano Borghi


Website www.comune.faenza.ra.it

Situated along the main roadway of the ancient via Emilia, between Rimini and Bologna, Faenza has always

been an important historic city of the Italian region of Emilia Romagna with a growing population that has

recently surpassed 57,500 inhabitants. The territory of Faenza, partly flat and partly hilly, covers 216 square

kilometres presenting dominant characteristics: a strong identity that has been forged over time, a size that

has now been stabilized, and a structure that is continually evolving. The heart of the city is represented by

the historic district with its eighteenth-century imprinting. Within stands the International Museum of

Ceramics and other important cultural institutes. Situated in the heart of the region, in the Province of

Ravenna, Faenza shares cutting-edge services with the area of Bologna and Ravenna. The excellent

geographic position also influences the economic system founded on the vivacity of small and mid-sized

businesses that ensure an innovative and qualified business fabric. Faenza is also known worldwide for its

ceramics industry and the traditional craft known as “Faience”.

Historically, the city of Faenza has always had, from its first zoning plan in 1890, a tool that succeeded in

regulating its growth over time. With its 1998 General Regulatory Plan, the Municipality of Faenza intended

to abandon, as far as urban planning was concerned, the usual urban planning policy practised in Italy by

introducing a new and sustainable way of thinking of the transformation of the natural and urban

environment. Today, after 12 year of experimentation and with a planning history that has been enhanced

by a new urban planning tool (the Municipal Structural Plan approved in 2010), four themes are recognized

as the founding principles of Faenza’s urban planning policy, to be followed for any size project, that

represent, in their osmosis, a method for attaining advanced models of urban liveability: the theme of

energy consumption (to minimize energy consumption), the theme of density (the conservation of precious

agriculture territory), the theme of functional integration (to increase the sense of security for the

inhabitants) and the theme of the identity of public spaces (to promote social integration).

With the 1998 GRP, the Municipality of Faenza, in anticipation of regional laws, also introduced and

experimented adjustment and compensatory strategies to increase public assets in buildable areas and

urban planning incentives to reward sustainability and quality in construction.

PP5 - Eastern-Hungarian European Initiations Foundation

Project manager György Szabados


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[email protected]

Website www.kekalapitvany.hu

The Eastern-Hungarian European Initiations Foundation is a non-profit institute, a know-how transfer

organization and was founded by university teachers and researchers from the University of Debrecen,

interested mainly in agricultural engineers specializing in various areas (economists, environmental

agricultural engineers, technical translators, a PhD candidate in rural development) Besides university

teaching they carry out different kind of researches in accordance with these areas. Thanks to these, the

organization has a significant connection with different sectors (especially the business sector), authorities

and organizations such as local authorities, local municipalities, SMEs etc.

Last years energy related issues became highlighted as a result of disadvantageous events (60% of energy

usage from import, unpredictable events). We would like to involve the decision making sphere,

parliament representatives, local municipality representatives, municipality level experts, technical

organizations involved in territorial development, active participation of civic organizations, local citizens

directly affected by the project realization (feasibility study, info point, pilot project).

Foreseen obstacles include political affectedness (a few month ago a new political party gained power and

there will be major changes on every administrative level), awareness raising, amortization procedures and

VAT financing procedures.

The region lays by the eastern border of the European Union. The North-Plain Region is the second biggest

out of the seven regions of Hungary. It consists of three counties:

� Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg County (chief town: Nyíregyháza)

� Hajdú-Bihar County (chief town: Debrecen)

� Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok County (chief town: Szolnok)

�

It contains 28 micro regions, 389 settlements and more than 1,5 million inhabitants (15% of the total

population). The area of the region is 17 729 km2. The micro regions of the Region can by divided into 5

types:

� dynamically improving (Debrecen)

� improving (Nyíregyháza, Szolnok, Hajdúszoboszló)

� catching-up (1 micro region)

� stagnant (11 micro regions)

� lagging (11 micro regions)


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PP6 - BSC, Business support centre ltd. Kranj

Project manager Helena Cvenkel


Website www.bsc-kranj.si

Gorenjska lies in the northwest of Slovenia, covering 18 municipalities. To the north it borders with Austria

(the Kärnten province) along the Karavanke mountain range; to the west Italy (the Friuli-Venezia Giulia

province) and the Gorica development region; to the east the Savinja region, and to the south it opens up

towards the Central Slovenian region. Gorenjska is crossed by the 10th European motorway and railway

corridor. The town of Brnik hosts Slovenia’s central airport, i.e. Ljubljana Jože Pučnik Airport (1.6 million

passengers per year). All this contributes to Gorenjska’s favorable geo-traffic position and its relatively good

accessibility.

Gorenjska is an Alpine region with a characteristic diverse mountainous landscape. 70% of the region is a

mountainous world, while only 30% lies in the depressed/lowland part of central Slovenia. As much as 40%

of Gorenjska lies more than 1.000 meters above sea level, 60% is covered with forests, 30% is agricultural

land and 10% infertile land.

BSC works as regional development agency for 18 local communities of Gorenjska region. Main tasks and

responsibilities according to the National law for regional development are:

� preparation and implementation of the regional development program,

� strategic tasks in the areas of entrepreneurship, human resource development,

� protection of nature, environment and renewables, development of countryside;

� in recent years special development priority was given to renewables.

PP7 - Residential Building Cooperative "Praga" of the City of Warsaw

Project manager Ms. Agnieszka Stateczna-Majkowska


[email protected]

Website www.rsmpraga.pl

Robotnicza Spółdzielnia Mieszkaniowa „PRAGA” , Warsaw , Poland has been operating since 1970. It is

nearly 40 years. It is one of the biggest co-operatives in Warsaw and the biggest in the rightsided Warsaw.

Praga’s buildings are located in three districts of Warsaw : Białołęka , Targówek and Praga Północ.

RSM „PRAGA” means:

� 6 administrative areas � 55,238 m2 of the usable space

� 213 apartment buildings � ca. 50,000 inhabitantsover

� 11 commercial and usable space buildings16, � 600,000 m2 of green areas

� 478 apartments � 40 children play grounds and play areas

� 434 commercial and usable premises � 16 sport areas

� 873,337 m2 of the apartment space � 8 undergraund car-parks


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� 55,238 m2 of the usable space �

In order to implement its statutory tasks, RSM „PRAGA” among other things purchases ownership title or

right of perpetual usufruct to land . RSM “Praga” constructs apartment buildings, axuiliary and commercial

facilities, and usable premises.

RSM „PRAGA” as well conducts social and cultural activity.But RSM „PRAGA” biggest and most important

task is to perform management of housing resources and its own property.

PP8 - Municipality of Sopot

Project manager Katarzyna Grzejszczak


[email protected]

Website www.sopot.pl

The Municipality of Sopot with aprox. 38.000 citizens is one of the most popular summer seaside spa

resorts in North Poland, visited by over 820,000 tourists every summer. It is located at the natural centre of

the Tri-City urban agglomeration, which also includes Gdynia and Gdańsk (nearly 1 mln inhabitants). The

South of the town is bordered by the Tri-City Landscape Park and its northern border is marked by a 4,5 km

long sandy beaches on the Gdańsk Bay. Over 60% of the town is covered by green areas. City has got their

own source of mineral water. Activities aimed at protecting the local environment and tourism

attractiveness are key factors in the municipal development strategy. Last few years the Municipality has

been taking up activities to modernize and rebuild the centre of Sopot and city railway station area to make

the whole city more attractive to both tourists and residents.

Sopot is a very good example of a town that uses the European Union founds to provide the economic

growth of the city, investments positively effecting the labour market and the quality of life. Sopot invests

in culture, environmental protection, education, communication, social care, sport and touristic as well.

PP9 - Budapest Universitiy of Technology and Economics

Project manager János B. Kocsis


Website www.bme.hu

www.szoc.bme.hu/cssds

BUTE, as a prestigious Hungarian higher education institute is committed to differentiated, multilevel, high-

standard education. It has run abundant research projects for private and public contracting parties on

various fields. Centre for Socio-Spatial Development Studies (CSDS) at the Department of Sociology and

Communication within the Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences are focusing on various subjects

related to urban and regional development from a multidimensional direction. The Department has been

running a postgraduate specialisation for economics students on Regional and Urban Development that

enabled and facilitated the creation of a web of professionals including urban planners, economists, civic

engineers and alike within private and public sectors related to the fields of its concern.


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Budapest, the capital of Hungary and the eighth most populous town of the European Union, is the

country’s political, cultural, industrial, commercial, and transport centre, and fames itself as a also famous

spa due to the numerous thermal springs within its borders. Its territory is 525 km2 and has a population of

1721566 people, more than 17% of country’s population and is the hub of a metropolitan area of three

million. The population destiny is 3279 person/km2. The River Danube divides the city into two parts, Buda

and Pest.

Budapest has 23 administrative units (districts) which all have a local government. The conduct of Budapest

is in the hand of these 23 local governments and the municipality of the Capital in addition as an

independent body. The duties of these 23 local governments include urban development, urban planning,

and protection of the built and natural environment, flat economisation, and contribution to the local

energy supply.

The Metropolitan Municipality is in charge, among more, of defining the urban development and urban

rehabilitation programmeme, also the settlement plan of the Capital; in connection with flat

economisation. It ensures its obligations in connection with water and gas supply, district heating,

wastewater treatment tasks in excess of one district. It also contributes to insuring the energy supply and

public lighting of the Capital, also carries out the tasks of the metropolitan traffic and public transport.

The Integrated Urban Development Strategy of Budapest - in accordance with the previous documents –

emphasises the same objectives when describing “Environment-friendly Budapest” mid-term development

strategy. The long-term aim is to meet EU standards for the major networks – water and waste. The

modernisation and competitiveness of the district-heating system is necessary, but it can only be achieved

together with a functioning panel programmeme. Green space development aims at forming of a few new

and wide-area public parks. Mid-term objective is the urban environment protection, and the development

of urban green space and green space elements.

PP10 - Hungarian Urban Knowledge Centre

Project manager Richárd Ongjerth


[email protected]

Website www.mut.hu

The Knowledge Centre was founded by the Hungarian Society for Urban Planning (HSUP) on the purpose of

helping the cities' development related innovation and collecting and distributing the knowledge. The

Centre is not only for the members of HSUP. Experts of many different professions (e.g. energerics) are

involved to the work as well by the Centre’s extensive connection system. MUT is the Hungarian national

office of UN-HABITAT by the commission of Ministry for National Development and Economy. Therefore it

definitely has the task of collection the innovative knowledge of the maintainable environment and city

management.

The Centre is led by Richárd Ongjerth, who has thirty years of experience in urban development, design and

research. He was the chief manager of twelve international project in Studio Metropolitana Research

Centre in his previous position. The Centre has been cooperating with several local authorities, universities

and research centres. Preparation of conferences and vocational meetings are routine tasks too.


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PP11 - Development Association of the Federal Foundation for Baukultur

Project manager Silja Schade-Bünsow


Website www.foerderverein-baukultur.de

In 1999 a steering committee consisting of representatives of the various chambers and associations, local

authorities and “Bundesländer” (Germany’s constituent states) followed the development of the

Architecture and Baukultur Initiative. They met regularly to exchange experiences. This initiative inspired

the idea of establishing a Federal Foundation for Baukultur in order to focus more attention on Baukultur

and give it more weight in public debate. The development of the foundation was a joint initiative by the

Federal Ministry of Transport, Building and Urban Development BMVBS and most of the professional

associations involved in planning and construction together with the Förderverein Bundesstiftung Baukultur

e.V.

At the end of 2006 the foundation was established by public law at a federal level. It started its work at the

beginning of 2008 in order to stimulate a nationwide debate on the quality of our built environment. The

foundation is set up as a not-for-profit independent organisation. It is currently financed by federal

government, donations and project sponsorship (the foundation does not provide funding).

The foundation and its Förderverein strive for a quality and sustainable built environment that enriches

quality of life and contributes to the built heritage and future. They seek to raise the public’s awareness of

the value of our built environment and to encourage active involvement.

In accordance with their mission, they promote excellence in planning, engineering and architecture in the

private and public sector. They foster cooperative and integrates approaches that engage stakeholders

from all relevant sectors and educate people to expect the highest standards from their built environment.

Main activities include research into selected areas, regular reports on the current state of the built

environment for political and public debate, conducting campaigns, organising lectures and tours. The key

intentions are: providing interdisciplinary networks for exchange of information, supporting initiatives on

regional and local levels, advising municipalities and the federal government on developing standards for a

high quality built environment, linking all stakeholders and dealing with conflicting interests, fostering

interdisciplinary discourse and activities.

PP12 - Agenda 21 Consulting ltd.

Project manager De Marchi Massimo


[email protected]

Website www.agenda21.it

Agenda 21 Consulting ltd is an SME developing research activities and consultancy services characterised by

three main elements: sustainable development approach to environmental and territorial issues; inter-

disciplinarity and systemic vision; construction of linkages between research community and territorial

management community.


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The organisation has the main office in Padova, the city is famous for its University, one of the oldest in the

world; the second office is located in Torcegno (province of Trento) in the north part of Italy. Human

resources are represented by the interdisciplinary team made up by 10 people.

Agenda 21 consulting was established in 1998 and it has been organised in five sectors:

� natural resources and sustainable development,

� sustainable cities , energy and transportation,

� decentralised cooperation and participatory development,

� environmental information training and multimedia production.

� Europe project area

Previous experiences of Agenda 21 include network collaborations with universities, research centres, local

and regional authorities in Italy and Europe to facilitate local and sustainable inclusive development based

on participatory research and decision making.

Agenda 21 Consulting sectors of activities are: sustainable transportation policies and good practices;

energy and sustainability; Strategic Environmental Assessment of territorial and sectoral plan and

programs; environmental reporting and sustainability indicators; Sustainable management of biodiversity;

research and implementation of good practices guide for sustainable development; Local Agenda 21 and

participatory processes; sustainable tourism; planning and management of protected areas; corporate

social responsibility; environmental communication and training; EMS, EMAS, ISO14.000 for local

administration.

Since some years the Europe project area is increased a lot and Agenda21 has taken part in some project

consortiums in 7th Framework Programme for Transport, Energy, Enrironment and Socio-economic

Schience and Humanities project’s topic. In EU ERDF Programme many are the opportunities to collaborate

in different partnerships.

Agenda 21 consulting since 2009 is part of a INNOVIE l.d.t. a spin off deals to create new transport and

mobility solution. (http://www.innovie.it)

PP13 – Finlombarda

Project manager Francesca Biancheri


Website www.finlombarda.it

Established in 1971 as a joint stock company by a pool of banks operating in the region, FL began shifting

into a government-related entity when Lombardy Region acquired 30% of FL’s shares in 1975. In 2004,

Lombardia Region acquired 100% ownership in FL and committed to providing the company with adequate

capital to pursue its mission.

Finlombarda operates under regional government's mandate, having as a mission to promote the

development of the regional economy and provide consultancy services for specific initiatives:

Financial advisory supports Lombardia Region in the fields of consultancy, analysis and monitoring. The

main scope is to identify the best financial interventions for territorial development and for the definition

of innovative financial tools, products and models for infrastructures, public services and health care.


18

Financial and Administrative Management - Finlombarda implements administration activities and financial

management of regional and development funds – promotion and management of financial products and

instruments linked to regional policies for enterprises, infrastructures, public services and health care.

EU Programs - Gives technical assistance for drafting, presentation and implementation of EU funds directly

disbursed from the EC (7° PQ R&ST, Cooperation and Development Programs, CIP) and EDRF, ESF, EAFRD–in

compliance with regional policies).

Financial intermediation - Finlombarda acts as a specialized financial company aimed at developing

financial schemes in support of entrepreneurship in Lombardy Region.

Finlombarda and the Energy Sector - The European Climate Action “20-20 by 2020” better know as

"Package 20-20-20”, defined 3 different objectives for 2020 therefore Italy and Italian regions should make

in the course the next few years considerable efforts to reach these ambitious goals, through logic of the

so-called "burden sharing", the "sharing of effort" in order to ensure the achievement of the targets

assigned to Italy. At regional level, the goals of efficiency and environmental sustainability must be

achieved through an effective use of public resources. Finlombarda gives Lombardia Region support on

economic planning and financial assistance in the field of renewable energy.


19

Summary of the EnSURE partnership field of action

The table represents in general the link between the main Ensure project interested sectors and the

partners’ “knowledge” experiences.

It is divided in 5 main section:

� Energy basket of choices

� Governance

� Urban quality

� Financial mechanisms

� Other*: includes all partner specific sectors in which they are expert in and not involved in

Ensure project

Partner Energy

basket of

choices

Governance Urban

quality

Financial

mechanisms

Other*

LP x x x x

PP2 x x x PP3 x x x PP4 x x x x PP5 x x x x PP6 x x x PP7 x x x x PP8 x x x PP9 x x x PP10 x x x x PP11 x x PP12 x x x x PP13 x x


20

2.2 Actors’ map involved in EnSURE project

The table is a list of the main actors already involved and that it’s important to involve in the Ensure runlife for each project partners. It is divided by national level so by country partners (Germany, Hungary, Poland, Italy and Slovenia) and by local level for each local Ensure partners. The table collects the requested information to each partner. Actor in that case means : all expert institutions, entities, companies, business bodies, research centers, etc. relevant and necessary to involve in all EnSURE project topics or that they can give a fruitful contribution to all EnSURE project topics.

Name of experts and/or particularly relevant “actors” for EnSURE project topics

COUNTRY NATIONAL LEVEL PARTNER LOCAL LEVEL

GERMANY

1. Federal Institute for Research on Building, Urban Affairs and Spatial Development

2. Federal Ministry of Transport, Building and Urban Development

3. Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology

4. Federal Foundation for “Baukultur” | www.bundesstiftung-baukultur.de

5. “Common Sense for the World”, Joint initiative by architects, engineers and town planners in Germany, c/o Association of German Architects BDA | www.klima-manifest.de

6. German Energy Agency | www.dena.de/en/

7. German Sustainable Building Council GeSBC | www.dgnb.de/_en/

LP - Ludwigsburg

1. Energetikom - Center for energy competence and ecodesign Ludwigsburg

2. LEA - Ludwigsburg energy agency

PP 11-Baukultur 1. German Institute for Civic Art, Affiliated Institute of Technische Universität Dortmund | www.dis.tu-dortmund.de

2. University of Technology Darmstadt, Faculty of Architecture, Energy Efficient Building Design Unit ee | www.ee.architektur.tu-darmstadt.de

3. University of Applied Sciences, Lausitz, Department of Architecture, Urban Planning and Design | www.hs-lausitz.de

HUNGARY

1. Association of the Hungarian Industrial Parks

2. Department of Energy Engineering of the University of Technology and Economics of Budapest

3. State Secretariat for Energy and Climate Change, Ministry of National Development

4. Energia Klub Climate Policy Institute

PP 5 - Kek 1. INNOVA - Észak-Alföld Regional Development and Innovation Agency Nonprofit Ltd

2. ENEREA - Észak-Alföld Regional Energy Agency

3. ÉARFÜ – Észak-Alföld Regional Development Agency

PP9 - BUTE 1. Municipality of Budapest 2. Municipality of Óbuda

PP10 - MUT


21

COUNTRY NATIONAL LEVEL PARTNER LOCAL LEVEL

POLAND

1. NFOŚiGW (National Fund for Environmental Protection and Water Management) http://www.nfosigw.gov.pl/

2. Krajowa Agencja Poszanowania Energii (The Polish National Energy Conservation Agency)

3. Urząd Regulacji Energetyki(Energy Regulatory Office) http://www.ure.gov.pl/

4. The Polish Economic Chamber of Renewable Energy (PIGEO) http://www.pigeo.org.pl/

5. Instytut Energetyki Odnawialnej (The Institute for Renewable Energy EC BREC IEO)

PP 7 - PRAGA 1. Mazowiecka Agencja Energetyczna (Mazovian Energy Agency)

2. WFOŚiGW (Voivodeship Funds for Environmental Protection and Water Management in Warsaw)

3. 3. Panel Słoneczny 20x2020 (Companies associated in Solar Panel 20x2020)

PP8 - SOPOT 1. Bałtycka Agencja Poszanowania Energi www.bape.com.pl

2. Gdańsk University of Technology http://www.pg.gda.pl/en/(Chemistry Department OR Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Trends

3. Pomeranian Science and Technology Park - http://www.ppnt.gdynia.pl/en.html

ITALY

1. Chamber of Deputies-VIII Committee (Environment, Territory and Public Works)

2. Nomisma-Energy sector 3. Maurizio Fauri-Studio

Ingegneria 4. Regione Emilia Romagna 5. Ordini professionali (Architetti,

Ingegneri, Geometri) 6. ANCI Associazione Nazionale

Comuni Italiani http://www.anci.it/

7. ANCE Associazione Nazionale Costruttori Edili http://www.anci.it/

8. Associazione Nazionale dell’Industria Fotovoltaica http://www.assosolare.org/

9. ANEV Associazione Nazionale Energia del Vento http://www.anev.org

10. Ministry of Environment 11. INEA

PP2 – GAL Genova

1. Muvita Foundation 2. Province of Genoa 3. Chamber of Commerce of Genoa 4. AERE Association

PP3-Sipro 1. Province of Ferrara 2. ACER- Housing Association Ferrara 3. University of Ferrara, Faculty of

Engineering

PP4 - Faenza 1. Provincia di Ravenna 2. ACER 3. Banche locali (Banca di Romagna, BCC,

ecc)

PP12 – Agenda21

1. Local Energy Agency : of Padua (http://agenzia.energia.provincia.padova.it/); of Venice (http://www.veneziaenergia.it/italiano/home.html); of Vicenza (http://www.vienergia.it/a_ITA_1_1.html); of Trento (APE- http://www.energia.provincia.tn.it/

2.

PP13 - Finlombarda

1. CESTEC - http://www.cestec.it/home

SLOVENIA

1. Ministry for environment 2. Ministry for culture (for the

area of protected houses; if applicable)

3. Institute Josef Stefan (preparation of the national action plan in renewable)

PP 6 - Kranj 1. Local communities in the region (18) (mayors and experts dealing with the topic)

2. Local energy office (acting for the whole region)

3. 2 local development agencies ( Development agency Sora and development agency Ragor)

4. Center for sustainable development of countryside (NGO)


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3 The analysis of previous experiences

This document “Analysis of previous activities” (3.1.3 output) is one of the first outputs of the EnSURE

Project. It is part of the WP 3 “Concepts for an energy efficient urban development” and properly for the

Action 3.1 “Joint analysis of the current energy situation of urban district”.

The output is a collection of the most important and previous experiences in partner

cities/regions/countries. So it doesn’t includes only projects where EnSURE partners were or ,at the

moment, are involved in, but it collects also some well known experiences applied in the partnership area

of interest and linked to EnSURE project.

The documents has been achieved by Partners n.12 Agenda 21 consulting l.t.d with the collaboration of all

partnership. Each partner provided all materials to Agenda 21 consulting that collected and elaborated all

projects’ data.

The structure of the document is divided in two parts.

• In the first one, titled “Partners and Projects presentations”, there is a short presentation of each

EnSURE Partner and the projects’ tables with all information requested. Some data are missed or

not available because of some difficulties and lack of information in each project database.

• The second part is titled “Key information Tables”. It presents some tables with an elaboration of all

projects’ data to give a quick and useful reading of all collected information.

This projects’ database includes 47 different project, both local projects with a national or local funding and

EU-project funding by different European programs.

Each project with its peculiar topic, successful or failure t aspects, impacts, level of interest, actors involved

and innovation issues could become certainly a start point about good practices and case studies to

studying and taking into consideration along all EnSURE runlife.

Look the fulfilled document in the Annex B “Analysis of previous activities” (3.1.3 output).

To complete more the scenario of previous project experience the bellowing table gives some information

about new and added relevant projects in EnSURE project topic of study and action.

Project title CER2 – Central European Regions Cluster for Energy from Renewables

NETwork

Topic of interest Renewable Energy at district level

Aims & short

description

CER2 is the network hub for improvement of competencies, information exchange and co-operation in the new Central European economic region. The aim is to provide essential stimuli for a sustained development in the energy sector. INTERREG III B CADSES program.

Info contact Sebastian Dürr Tel. 07904/9413640

Website http://www.interreg.wfgsha.de/index_en.php


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Project title CARBON PRO - CARBON balance drafting and new resources management tools according to Kyoto PROtocol

Topic of interest Greenhouse gases emission, Kyoto Protocol requirement and carbon balance

Aims & short

description

The Carbon Pro project aims to develop various joint strategies for implementation of the Kyoto Protocol, in particular involving forest and agricultural resource management. The general objective of CARBON-PRO is to share integrated methods, systems and tools for the sustainable management of agricultural and forest resources in the CADSES area INTERREG III B CADSES program

Info contact Emilio Gottardo Tel.:+390432555111 Email:[email protected]

Website http://www.carbonpro.org

Project title VITAL CITIES - Consolidation of Polycentric Urban Systems through the Promotion of the Settlement of Retail Trade Businesses in Inner Urban Areas

Topic of interest Sustainable urban development

Aims & short

description

The project aims to strengthen polycentric urban systems and to contribute to regional development in the CADSES area. A transnational project team has been assembled under the Lead Partnership of the InvestitionsBank des Landes Brandenburg, in which the main stakeholders are represented and will jointly work on solutions applicable at the local level. Implementation of the project will be supported by the law firm Nörr Stiefenhofer Lutz, which operates offices in all except two of the member countries of the project. INTERREG III B CADSES program

Info contact Pertti Hermannek Tel.: +493316601605 Email: [email protected]

Website http://www.vital-cities.net

Project title ADHOC - Adapted Development of Historical Old Towns

in Central and Eastern Europe

Topic of interest Shaping urban development, promoting urban networks and cooperation

Aims & short

description

The project wants to develop and implement innovative approaches for a sustainable renewal of historical old towns with numerous listed buildings. ADHOC concentrates in this context on urbanistic and integrative solutions for an adapted development of valuable inner-city districts under changed structural, economical and demographic conditions (e.g. lack of public funds, ageing of population etc.). INTERREG III B CADSES program

Info contact City of Ravensburg Reinhard Rothenhäusler Phone: +49 0751-82278 E-mail: [email protected]

Website www.adhoc.jeleniagora.eu

Project title ACCR - Awareness of Climate Change for Regions

Topic of interest Climate change regional/local policy


24

Aims & short

description

To produce information and knowledge to support the political decision making procedures for creating models for regular regional/local policy making due to the climate change. Models can be applied later in different Baltic Sea countries.

• a pilot-level conceptual model of climate change in urban areas (project lead partner regions as a living lab).

• a model for sustainable public supplies including the awareness of climate change, creating indicators for public supplies, including e.g. low energy policy and other expertise created in the work packages.

• -further developed environmental impact assessment model influenced by the climate change

• -increase of political and public awareness of climate change on regional/local level and supporting the regional/local political discussion procedures and creating knowledge from regions for EU energy policy.

Baltic Sea Region Programme

Info contact --

Website --

Project title SUSTAINABLE NOW - European Sustainable Energy Communities -

Effective Integrated Local Energy Action Today

Topic of interest Sustainable energy, partecipation of local aand regiaonel stakeholders

Aims & short

description

This 3-year project (September 2008 - August 2011) focuses on strengthening the role of local and provincial governments, as political and administrative bodies acting in an exemplary manner and guiding communities in the sustainable energy transition period. It addresses non-technical aspects, capacity building, peer exchange and reviews in order to create an environment of tangible results with an extensive audience of local and regional actors. Measures imply an in-depth strategy and involvement of strong local and regional partners as well as EU-wide networks to implement ambitious climate and energy targets. Intelligent Europe Enegy Programme

Info contact Holger Robrecht ICLEI - Local Governments for Sustainability, European Secretariat Tel: +49 - 761 - 368 92 0 E-mail: [email protected]

Website http://www.sustainable-now.eu/

Project title ACT4PPP- Transnational Action for Public Private Partnership

Topic of interest Public private partnerships

Aims & short

description

ACT4PPP will provide a platform for cities and regions from all over Central Europe to exchange experiences and know-how and assist them in applying more and better targeted public private cooperations. ACT4PPP should help to enable the project partners to develop specific strategies for the public private realisation of their single public service or infrastructure as well as complex site developments. For this reason, the project outlines different kinds of cooperation of public authorities with private companies. CENTRAL EUROPE programme

Info contact Susanne Strobel BVLEG undesvereinigung der Landes- und Stadtentwicklungs-gesellschaften e. V

Website www.act4ppp.eu/project

Project title ABBEY STOTTILIEN - District heating and biomass cut monastic carbon

footprint


25

Topic of interest Eenrgy efficiency and CO2-neutral heating system

Aims & short

description

This project can serve as a basic concept for other villages which have to heat several buildings, partly under listed building protection. The refurbishment of buildings which leads to lower energy consumption in combination with the installation of a CO2-neutral heating system based on the new calculated energy demand will guarantee a high level of oil or gas savings. It is important to calculate based on the decreased energy consumption after insulation to avoid oversizing. Good practice -Managenergy

Info contact Wolfgang MAUCH Forschungsstelle fuer Energiewirtschaft e.V. (FfE e.V) email: [email protected]

Website http://www.managenergy.net/resources/1420 http://www.ffe.de/taetigkeitsfelder/gebaeudetechnik/272-co2-verminderung-in-st-ottilien

Project title REFIT (EU SEW)

Topic of interest Reduction ofcarbon emissions from buildings

Aims & short

description

The RE:FIT Model is Based on Energy Performance Contracting (EPC) RE:FIT provides a commercial model for public bodies to implement energy efficiency improvements to their buildings, reducing energy consumption and carbon emissions. The purpose of RE:FIT is to assist public bodies in London to significantly reduce carbon emissions from their buildings which will help London achieve its overall target of cutting carbon emissions by 60% by 2025 (as set out in London’s Climate Change Action Plan 2006). Promoted by the Mayor of London, the London Development Agency (LDA) and and the Clinton Climate Change Initiative (CCI)


Website http://www.lda.gov.uk/projects/refit/

Project title COOL BRICKS

Topic of interest Energy optimisation in historic buildings, Integrated urban quality development

Aims & short

description

The conservation of heritage, in particular historical buildings. Find common solutions to combine the needs of climate protection with technical, administrative and historical adequate approaches to fulfil the necessary CO2-reduction aims. The project thematises the important contents in the field of heritage conservation: How to reduce the energy consumption of historical buildings without destroying their cultural value and identity. Every country in the BSR and Europe has to face these issues and is looking for solutions. Baltic Sea Region Programme 2007 – 2013

Info contact

Website www.eu.baltic.net/Project_Database.5308.html?&&contentid=63&contentaction=single


26

4 Examination of Local Supply System

This document “Examination of the local power supply system in partner towns/regions” (3.1.2

output) is part of the WP 3 “Concepts for an energy efficient urban development” and properly for the

Action 3.1 “Joint analysis of the current energy situation of urban district”.

It is a sort of database on local energy supply systems in 8 cities/regions with the identification of

local power supply system defining type of fuels, type of power system (individual, centralized), age of

technology for all local partners.

Local partners:

� PP 1 - City of Ludwigsburg (Ludwigsburg - DE)

� PP 2 - GAL Genova (Genoa-IT

� PP3 –SIPRO (Ferrara-IT)

� PP 4 – Faenza Municipality (Faenza-IT)

� PP 5 – KEK (Debrecen-HU)

� PP 6 - Gorenjeska (Kranj-SLO)

� PP 7 - PRAGA (Warsawa-PL)

� PP 8 – Sopot Municipality (Sopot-PL)

Every partner had the possibility to fulfill a “checklist” for all data. It is a sort of map (see followed table).

It is divided in some sections in order to collect more data possible about the power supply system of local

partners. Some partners have utilized this tool, but other not, collecting in another way the requested data.

The following pages present all available data of all local partners.

Look the fulfilled document in the Annex C – Examination of the local power supply system in partner

towns/regions” (3.1.2 output)

Checklist for data’s collection

a) Condition of power supply system

a1) heating system

� Number of flat (families, n. of peoples, surface) served

� Installed power

� Annual consumption

� Type of fuels

� Type of power system (individual, centralized)

� Age of technology

� Main past intervention

a2) air conditioning


� Installed power

� Annual consumption

� Type of fuels


27

� Type of air conditioning system (individual, centralized)

� Age of technology

� Main past intervention

a3) lighting


� Insallation of low consumtion devices

o Annual consumption

o Age of technology

o Main past intervention

b) Building

b1) Type of building

� Private

� Public

� Historic value

� Residential

� Public services

� Industrial

b2) Condition of building

� year of construction

� construction material

� roofs

� insulations

� doors and windows

� location related to public transport

� general state of the building

c) Social aspects

c1) Residential buildings

� Type of ownership (property, rent, public, private)

� Social condition: lower class, middle class, higher class

c2) Public buildings

� Typology of users

c3) Business premises

� Typology of enterprises

d) Methodology of analysis

� on desk survey

� on site inspection

� all building inspections versus samople analysis

� documentation already available provided (layouts, technical diagrams of utilities systems,

utilities manuals)

� instrumental surveys (thermographic and thermoflow analyses, etc.)

� documentation to be produced


28

e) Key tools and indicators for energy diagnosis

� energy balance sheet and CO2 balance sheet

� annual energy consumption per surface unit (kWh/m2/year)

� total annual energy consumption of the building and the quarter

� distribution of consumption by type of usage (heating, air conditioning, lighting, etc.)

� CO2 emissions per surface unit (kg/m2/year)

� CO2 emissions from the building and the quarter (t/ year)


29

5 Indicators

An indicator is something that helps to understand where we are, which way we are going and how far we

are from where we want to be. A good indicator alerts us to a problem before it gets too bad and helps to

recognize what needs to be done to fix the problem.

In the European Union Eurostat’s provide a high-quality statistical information service. Eurostat is the

statistical office of the European Union situated in Luxembourg. Its task is to provide the European Union

with statistics at European level that enable comparisons between countries and regions.

Next pages presents some interesting indicator for some key issue in the European scenario linked to key

EnSURE project issues:

• energy

• climate change,

• transport

• governance

• sustainable development


30

5.1 Europe 2020 indicators

Europe 2020 is a new strategy for the EU to develop as a smarter, knowledge based, greener economy,

delivering high levels of employment, productivity and social cohesion. It is being designed as the successor

to the Lisbon Strategy. It is based on five EU headline targets which are currently measured by eight

headline indicators.

Statistics is integral part of the Europe 2020 strategy. The headline indicators measure the progress made

by the EU and the Member States towards achieving the 5 headline targets of the strategy. The additional

indicators show in more detail the developments with regard to the main objectives and flagship initiatives

of the strategy.

Europe 2020 indicators are an input into the annual European Economic Policies Report by the Commission.

See the website to investigate more:

� http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page/portal/europe_2020_indicators/links

Headline targets

• Reduction of the greenhouse gas emissions by 20% compared to 1990

• Increase in the share of renewable energy sources in final energy consumption to 20%

• 20% increase in energy efficiency

Indicators

1. Greenhouse gas emissions, base year 1990

Greenhouse gas emissions, base year 1990 - Index 1990 = 100

Trends in anthropogenic (man-made) emissions of six greenhouse gases (GHG), weighted by their global

warming potentials. The indicator does not include emissions and removals related to land use, land-use

change and forestry (LULUCF); nor does it include emissions from international aviation and international

maritime transport. CO2 emissions from biomass with energy recovery are reported as a Memorandum

item according to UNFCCC Guidelines and not included in national greenhouse gas totals.

This indicator shows trends in total man-made emissions of the ‘Kyoto basket’ of greenhouse gases. It

presents annual total emissions in relation to 1990 emissions The ‘Kyoto basket’ of greenhouse gases

includes: carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), and the so-called F-gases

(hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons and sulphur hexafluoride (SF6)). These gases are aggregated into a

single unit using gas-specific global warming potential (GWP) factors. The aggregated greenhouse gas

emissions are expressed in units of CO2 equivalents.

The EU as a whole is committed to achieving at least a 20% reduction of its greenhouse gas emissions by

2020 compared to 1990. This objective implies:

- a 21 % reduction in emissions from sectors covered by the EU ETS (emission trading scheme) compared to

2005 by 2020;

- a reduction of 10 % in emissions for sectors outside the EU ETS.


31

To achieve this 10% overall target each Member State has agreed country-specific greenhouse gas emission

limits for 2020 compared to 2005 (Council Decision 2009/406/EC).

Data Source: European Environment Agency


32

2. Share of renewables in gross final energy consumption

Share of renewable energy in gross final energy consumption - %

This indicator is calculated on the basis of energy statistics covered by the Energy Statistics Regulation. It

may be considered an estimate of the indicator described in Directive 2009/28/EC, as the statistical system

for some renewable energy technologies is not yet fully developed to meet the requirements of this

Directive. More information about the renewable energy shares calculation methodology and Eurostat's

annual energy statistics can be found in the Renewable Energy Directive 2009/28/EC , the Energy Statistics

Regulation 1099/2008 and in DG ENERGY transparency platform

http://ec.europa.eu/energy/renewables/index_en.htm.


33

3. Energy intensity of the economy (proxy indicator for Energy savings, which is under development)

Energy intensity of the economy - Gross inland consumption of energy divided by GDP (kilogram of oil

equivalent per 1000 Euro)

This indicator is the ratio between the gross inland consumption of energy and the gross domestic product

(GDP) for a given calendar year. It measures the energy consumption of an economy and its overall energy

efficiency. The gross inland consumption of energy is calculated as the sum of the gross inland consumption

of five energy types: coal, electricity, oil, natural gas and renewable energy sources. The GDP figures are

taken at chain linked volumes with reference year 2000. The energy intensity ratio is determined by

dividing the gross inland consumption by the GDP. Since gross inland consumption is measured in kgoe

(kilogram of oil equivalent) and GDP in 1 000 EUR, this ratio is measured in kgoe per 1 000 EUR.


34

5.2 Sustainable development indicators

The Sustainable Development Indicators (SDIs) are used to monitor the EU Sustainable Development

Strategy (EU SDS) in a report published by Eurostat every two years. They are presented in ten themes.

They are intended to give an overall picture of whether the European Union has achieved progress towards

sustainable development in terms of the objectives and targets defined in the strategy.

Headline indicators

1. Socioeconomic development

2. Sustainable consumption and production

3. Social inclusion

4. Demographic changes

5. Public

6. Climate change and energy

7. Sustainable transport

8. Natural resources

9. Global partnership

10. Good governance

In particular below we present a short description of some theme more interesting for EnSURE project

topics.

To learn more about the background of the EU Sustainable Development Strategy (EU SDS) and its indicator

framework please refer to:

http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page/portal/sdi/context


35

6-Climate change and energy: has the strategy objective ‘to limit climate change and its costs and negative

effects to society and the environment’. Two are the indicators present for that issue:

1. total EU-15 greenhouse gas emissions and Kyoto target expressed as an index with the base year set at

100.

2. share of renewables in gross inland energy consumption expressed as a percentage.

These indicators are presented in 5.1.Europe 2020 indicators (pp 30-32)


36

7 - Sustainable transport: has the strategy objective ‘to ensure that our transport systems meet society’s

economic, social and environmental needs whilst minimising their undesirable impacts on the economy,

society and the environment’.

Energy consumption of transport relative to GDP - Index 2000 = 100

This indicator is defined as the ratio between the energy consumption of transport and GDP (chain-linked

volumes, at 2000 exchange rates). The energy consumed by all types of transport (road, rail, inland

navigation and aviation) is covered, including commercial, individual and public transport, with the

exception of maritime and pipeline transport.

Table : consumption of transport relative to GDP (2000-2007)

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 European Union (27 countries)

100 99,1 98,7 (p) 99 98,9 97,6 96,7 (p) 95,5

European Union (25 countries)

100 98,9 98,5 (p) 98,7 98,4 97,4 96,5 (p) 95,3


100 98,8 98,3 (p) 98,1 97,6 96,2 95 (p) 93,4

Belgium 100 97 97,3 101,8 99,3 94,5 89,2 86,3 Bulgaria 100 101,4 102,2 110,1 106,9 109 110,5 101 Czech Republic 100 103,2 105,7 115,6 117,1 117,3 112,4 111,2 Denmark 100 99,9 98,9 102,3 104,8 104,5 102,5 105 Germany (including former GDR from 1991)

100 96,7 96,1 93,6 93,4 91,2 90 86,6

Esto nia 100 104,9 100 89,1 91,6 90,7 85,5 86,2 Ireland 100 100,9 97,2 94 93,4 95,3 97,2 98 Greece 100 98,2 96,2 94,9 92,6 (p) 91,8 (p) 92,3 (p) 91,6 Spain 100 100,6 99,7 (p) 101,8 103 102,3 101,2 (p) 100,9 France 100 98,8 96,9 95 91,6 89,1 88,9 87,9 Italy 100 99,7 100,5 102,2 102,6 101,2 100,1 99,4 Cyprus 100 104,6 99,1 103,3 89,3 97 89 87,1 Latvia 100 108,3 104,6 104,1 101,1 96,3 94,9 97,5 Lithuania 100 101,9 98,5 91,3 93,4 92,1 91,7 99 Luxembourg 100 103,2 106,1 114,6 121,6 121,1 110,9 103,7 Hungary 100 100,5 101,4 101,4 100,1 104,5 112,1 110,9 Malta 100 85 86,6 113,5 112 106,5 97,1 90,4 Netherlands 100 101,1 103,4 103,8 104 102,1 102,1 99,5 Austria 100 105,4 112,8 119,4 120,4 120,7 112,9 110,8 Poland 100 98,7 95,3 104,1 109,5 112,8 118 121,8 Portugal 100 98,5 106,4 106,7 107,9 103,2 103,1 102,2 Romania 100 113,9 115,5 109,9 120,7 94,1 90,1 91 Slovenia 100 100,9 94,2 92,9 92 93,8 93,4 98,7 Slovakia 100 98 113,9 97,3 91,6 96,8 91 91,2 Finland 100 99,4 98,2 99,4 98 95,6 93,5 93,3 Sweden 100 104,5 95,2 95,4 94,1 93,1 88,9 89 United Kingdom 100 96,6 95,1 93,6 93,1 93,3 91,9 90,1


37

Iceland 100 91,8 88 86,8 87,1 84,6 107,9 : Norway 100 100,5 99,4 99,9 99,5 98,6 100,4 103,5 Switzerland 100 96,9 94,1 93,4 90,7 90,7 88,8 87,8 Croatia 100 97,2 98 100,6 99,4 99,7 101 102,6 Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, the

: : : : : : : :

Turkey 100 101,5 102,8 98 91,2 87,6 91 99

Chart: consumption of transport relative to GDP (2007)


38

10- Good governance

Good governance issues are addressed in the EU Sustainable Development Strategy (EU SDS). The objective

is to promote coherence between local, regional, national and global actions in order to enhance their

contribution to sustainable development.

Evaluation of changes in good governance (2009 monitoring)

The trends observed in the good governance theme since 2000 have been mixed:

� The European Parliament is the most trusted of the main EU institutions;

� The number of infringement cases has increased;

� EU-27 is right on target in the transposition of Community law;

� Voter turnout has decreased in national elections and is lower in EU parliamentary elections;

� E-government availability and usage have been increasing;

� The ratio of environmental to labour taxes has decreased.

More information on the evaluation of changes for the EU Sustainable Development Indicators (EU SDIs) on

good governance is available on:

http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/statistics_explained/index.php/Sustainable_development_-

_Good_governance


39

5.3 Energy, transport and environment indicators

The multi-thematic pocketbook "Energy, transport and environment indicators" comprises a broad set of

data collected by Eurostat and the European Environment Agency. The objective of this publication is to

provide an overview of the most relevant indicators on energy, transport and environment, with particular

focus on climate change. It presents data for the European Union aggregate EU-27, for the EU Member

States as well as for the candidate countries and EFTA countries.

ENERGY

a-Electricity generated from renewable sources % of gross electricity consumption (2008)

This indicator is the ratio between the electricity produced from renewable energy sources and the gross

national electricity consumption for a given calendar year. It measures the contribution of electricity

produced from renewable energy sources to the national electricity consumption. Electricity produced from

renewable energy sources comprises the electricity generation from hydro plants (excluding pumping),

wind, solar, geothermal and electricity from biomass/wastes. Gross national electricity consumption

comprises the total gross national electricity generation from all fuels (including autoproduction), plus

electricity imports, minus exports.


40

b- Renewable energy primary production: biomass, hydro , geothermal, wind and solar energy

(1 000 toe)

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 European Union (27 countries) 683 806 988 1265 1730 2459 Euro area (EA11 -2000, EA12-2006, EA13-2007, EA15-2008, EA16-2010, EA17)

600 714 886 1138 1640 2343

Euro area (17 countries) 639 755 929 1191 1640 2343 Euro area (16 countries) 639 755 929 1191 1640 2343 Belgium 3 3 3 5 9 25 Bulgaria 0 0 0 0 0 0 Czech Republic 2 2 3 4 6 13 Denmark 10 10 11 12 13 14 Germany (including former GDR from 1991)

262 353 472 580 735 973

Estonia 0 0 0 0 0 0 Ireland 0 0 1 1 3 4 Greece 108 101 109 160 174 187 Spain 58 65 83 137 352 678 France 19 22 29 37 48 67 Italy 21 30 38 56 83 143 Cyprus 40 41 43 54 56 58 Latvia 0 0 0 0 0 0 Lithuania 0 0 0 0 0 0 Luxembourg 1 2 2 2 2 2 Hungary 2 2 2 3 4 5 Malta : : : : : : Netherlands 20 21 22 23 24 26 Austria 87 93 101 109 118 126 Poland 0 0 0 0 1 2 Portugal 21 23 24 28 34 52 Romania 0 0 0 0 0 0 Slovenia 0 0 0 0 0 0 Slovakia 0 0 0 0 0 0 Finland 1 1 1 1 1 1 Sweden 5 6 6 9 10 10 United Kingdom 25 30 37 46 57 71 Iceland : : : : : : Norway 0 0 0 0 0 0 Switzerland 25 26 28 30 33 43 Montenegro : : : : : : Croatia 0 0 0 4 4 5 Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, the

: : : : : :

Turkey 375 385 402 420 420 429 :=Not available Source:Eurostat


41

b.1 Renewable energy primary production: biomass, hydro, geothermal, wind and solar energy (1 000

toe) 2009

Geo/product Solar energy

Biomass and renewable

wastes

Geothermal Energy

Hydro power

Wind power


2459 100528 5834 28150 11421

Euro area (EA11 -2000, EA12-2006, EA13-2007, EA15-2008, EA16-2010, EA17)

2343 66637 5650 19631 9628

Euro area (17 countries) 2343 67481 5650 19633 9644

Euro area (16 countries) 2343 66637 5650 19631 9628

Belgium 25 1518 4 28 86

Bulgaria 0 778 33 298 20

Czech Republic 13 2346 0 209 25

Denmark 14 2149 12 2 578

Germany (including former GDR from 1991)

973 21319 474 1604 3322

Estonia 0 844 0 3 17

Ireland 4 278 0 78 254

Greece 187 924 22 452 219

Spain 678 5705 9 2264 3248

France 67 13742 111 4913 692

Italy 143 5009 4806 4225 563

Cyprus 58 16 0 0 0

Latvia 0 1788 0 297 4

Lithuania 0 937 5 36 14

Luxembourg 2 64 0 9 5

Hungary 5 1702 96 20 28

Malta : : : 0 0

Netherlands 26 2336 3 8 394

Austria 126 4559 34 3465 169

Poland 2 5717 14 204 93

Portugal 52 3153 178 712 652

Romania 0 3915 24 1336 1

Slovenia 0 458 0 405 0

Slovakia 0 838 9 376 1

Finland 1 6717 0 1091 24

Sweden 10 9933 0 5662 214

United Kingdom 71 3783 1 452 800

Iceland : : : : :

Norway 0 1177 0 10855 84

Switzerland 43 1433 210 3072 2


42

Geo/product Solar energy

Biomass and renewable

wastes

Geothermal Energy

Hydro power

Wind power

Montenegro : : : : :

Croatia 5 439 3 579 5

Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, the

: : : : :

Turkey 429 4636 1625 3092 129

Source:Eurostat

Primary production: biomass (heat content of the produced biofuels or biogas; heat produced after

combustion during incineration of renewable wastes); hydropower covers potential and kinetic energy of

water converted into electricity in hydroelectric plants (the electricity generated in pumped storage plants

is not included); geothermal energy comprises energy available as heat emitted from within the earth's

crust, usually in the form of hot water or steam; wind energy covers the kinetic energy of wind converted

into electricity in wind turbines; solar energy covers the solar radiation exploited for solar heat (hot water)

and electricity production.

C - Consumption of electricity by industry, transport activities and households/services - (GWh)

indic_nrggeo Final Energy Consumption -

Industry

Final Energy Consumption -

Transport

Final Energy Consumption - Other Sectors

European Union (27 countries) 980994 71295 1666633

Euro area (EA11 -2000, EA12-2006, EA13-2007, EA15-2008, EA16-2010, EA17)

720349 51102 1183749

Euro area (17 countries) 722290 51168 1188392

Euro area (16 countries) 720349 51102 1183749

Belgium 32676 1762 42817

Bulgaria 8393 467 17987

Czech Republic 21821 2070 31022

Denmark 8510 395 22677


202046 15900 277627

Estonia 1941 66 4643

Ireland 8321 45 16603

Greece 14067 232 40414

Spain 94293 3124 157951

France 113989 12552 296898

Italy 120607 10535 158874

Cyprus 591 0 4160

Latvia 1506 121 4476

Lithuania 2430 77 5864

Luxembourg 3151 112 2846


43

indic_nrggeo Final Energy Consumption -

Industry

Final Energy Consumption -

Transport

Final Energy Consumption - Other Sectors

Hungary 8561 1201 23388

Malta 509 0 1198

Netherlands 36278 1664 66008

Austria 25590 3318 28972

Poland 39801 3211 69696

Portugal 16173 483 31199

Romania 18183 1383 18041

Slovenia 4966 156 6170

Slovakia 10782 503 11827

Finland 36310 716 40185

Sweden 51419 2438 69517

United Kingdom 98080 8764 215573

Iceland : : :

Norway 42080 657 62585

Switzerland 18208 3064 36211

Montenegro : : :

Croatia 3551 267 11693

Form er Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, the

: : :

Turkey 68385 660 85764

Source:Eurostat

This consumption stands for final energy consumption. This means that the consumption in industry covers

all industrial sectors with the exception of the energy sector, like power stations, oil refineries, coke ovens

and all other installations transforming energy products into another form. Final energy consumption in

transport covers mainly the consumption by railways and electrified urban transport systems. Final energy

consumption in households/services covers quantities consumed by private households, small-scale

industry, crafts, commerce, administrative bodies, services with the exception of transportation, agriculture

and fishing.


44

D- Combined heat and power generation - Percentage of gross electricity generation

Source:Eurostat

Combined heat and power (CHP) or cogeneration is a technology used to improve energy efficiency through

the generation of heat and power in the same plant, generally using a gas turbine with heat recovery. Heat

delivered from CHP plants may be used for process or space-heating purposes in any sector of economic

activity including the residential sector. CHP thus reduces the need for additional fuel combustion for the

generation of heat and avoids the associated environmental impacts, such as CO2 emissions.

Source: Eurostat, Combined Heat and Power Production (CHP) in the EU, 2001 (SAVE Programme)

TRANSPORT

a - Volume of passenger transport relative to GDP - Index of inland passenger transport volume relative

to GDP (2000=100)

Source: Eurostat


45

This indicator is defined as the ratio between passenger-km (inland modes) and GDP (chain-linked volumes,

at 2000 exchange rates). It is indexed on 2000. It is based on transport by passenger cars, buses and

coaches, and trains. All data was asked to be based on movements on national territory, regardless of the

nationality of the vehicle. However, data collection methodology is not harmonised at the EU level.

b-Modal split of passenger transport - % in total inland passenger-km (2008)

geo/vehicle Trains Passenger cars Motor coaches, buses and trolley buses

European Union (27 countries) 7.3e 83.3e 9.4e



Belgium 7.2 78.4 14.4

Bulgaria 4.1e 75.9e 20.0e

Czech Republic 7.1 76.0 16.9

Denmark 9.4 79.4 11.1


8.6 85.1 6.3

Estonia 2.1e 79.4e 18.5e

Ireland 3.4e 83.8e 12.8e

Greece 1.3e 80.8e 17.9e

Spain 5.5 80.1 14.4

France 10.1 84.2 5.7

Italy 5.7e 82.4e 11.9e

Cyprus 0 : :

Latvia 5.3e 80.6e 14.1e

Lithuania 1.0 90.9 8.2

Luxembourg 4.3e 84.2e 11.4e

Hungary 12.3 62.1 25.7

Malta 0 : :

Netherlands 9.7e 86.5e 3.8e

Austria 11.1 78.6 10.2

Poland 6.2 85.5 8.4

Portugal 4.1e 85.2e 10.7e

Romania 7.6e 77.2e 15.2e

Slovenia 2.9 86.2 10.9

Slovakia 6.5 74.9 18.6

Finland 5.4 84.5 10.1

Sweden 9.3 83.3 7.4

United Kingdom 6.8 86.8 6.4

Iceland 0 88.6 11.4


46

geo/vehicle Trains Passenger cars Motor coaches, buses and trolley buses

Liechtenstein : : :

Norway 5.1 87.6 7.3

Switzerland : : :

Montenegro : : :

Croatia 5.4e 82.2e 12.5e


2.3e 78.3e 19.4e

Turkey 2.2e 51.0e 46.8e

:=Not avai lable e=Estimated value b=Break in series

Source: Eurostat

This indicator is defined as the percentage share of each mode of transport in total inland transport,

expressed in passenger-kilometres (pkm). It is based on transport by passenger cars, buses and coaches,

and trains. All data should be based on movements on national territory, regardless of the nationality of the

vehicle. However, the data collection methodology is not harmonised at the EU level.


D-Modal split of freight transport - % in total inland freight tonne-km

1997 2007 2008 2009

geo/tra mode Railways Roads Inland waterways

Railways Roads Inland waterways




: : : 18.0s 76.2s 5.8s 17.9s 76.2s 5.9s 16.5s 77.5s 5.9s


20.9s 72.3s 6.8s 17.9s 76.4s 5.6s 17.9s 76.5s 5.7s 16.5s 78.1s 5.3s


15.8s 76.4s 7.8s 15.2s 78.0s 6.8s 15.5s 77.7s 6.9s 14.4s 79.0s 6.6s

Belgium 13.1 76.7 10.2 15.9 69.7 14.9 12.8 68.5 15.6 15.1 72.9 14.3

Bulgaria : : : 25.1 70 4.8 20.5 66.9 12.6 11.9 67.4 20.7

Czech Republic 34 65.8 0.2 25.3 74.7 0.1 23.3 76.7 : 22.1 77.8 :

Denmark 8.5 91.5 - 7.8 92.2 - 8.7 91.3 : 9.2 90.8 :


19.3 64.4 16.3 21.9 65.7 12.4 22.2 65.5 12.3 20.9 67.0 12.1

Estonia 69.6b 30.4b 0 56.8 43.2 0 44.7 55.3 : 52.7 47.3 :

Ireland 6.9 93.1 - 0.7 99.3 - 0.6 99.4 : 0.6 99.4 :

Greece 1.8 98.2 - 2.9 97.1 - 2.7 97.3 : 2.2 97.8 :

Spain 10.3s 89.7s - 4.1 95.9 - 4.1 95.9 : 3.4 96.6 :

France 22.2 74.9 2.9 15.7 80.9 3.4 15.9 80.7 3.5 : 81.0 4.1

Italy 11.6s 88.3s 0.1s 12.3s 87.6s 0e 11.7s 88.3s : 9.0s 91.0s :

Cyprus - 100 - - 100 - : 100 : : 100 :

Latvia 80.6 19.4 0 58.1 41.9 0 61.3 38.7 0 69.8 30.2 0

Lithuania 62.6 37.4 0.1 41.5 58.5 0 41.9 58.0 0 40.1 59.9 0

Luxembourg 11.4 81.9 6.6 2.8 93.8 3.4 2.5 94.2 3.3 2.3 94.6 3.1

Hungary 33.3e 60.8e 5.9e 20.9 74.5 4.6 20.6 74.7 4.7 : 78.8 4.1

Malta - 100 - - 100 - : 100 : : 100 :

Netherlands 3 61.4 35.6 5.5 59.4 35.1 5.4 59.9 34.7 4.9 63.4 :

47


1997 2007 2008 2009

geo/tra mode Railways Roads Inland waterways




Austria 31.6 63.7 4.7 34.8 60.9 4.2 37.4 58.6 4.0 36.4 59.5 4.1

Poland 51.2 48.1 0.7 26.4 73.5 0.1 24.0 75.9 0.1 19.4 80.5 0.1

Portugal 8.3 91.7 - 5.3 94.7 - 6.1 93.9 : 5.7 94.3 :

Roman ia 45.9 45.1 9 18.9 71.3 9.8 19.0 70.2 10.8 19.4 60.0 20.6

Slovenia 30.4e 69.6e - 20.8 79.2 - 17.8 82.2 : 16.0 84.0 :

Slovakia 42.3 52.5 5.2 25.5 71.8 2.7 23.4 73.8 2.8 19.6 77.9 2.5

Finland 27.6s 72.1s 0.3s 25.9 73.9 0.3 26.5 73.3 0.2 24.1 : 0.2

Sweden 35.4s 64.6s - 36.4 63.6 - 35.3 64.7 : 37.5 62.5 :

United Kingdom 9.1 90.8 0.1 13.4s 86.6s 0.1 13.4s 86.5s : 13.2s 86.7s :

Iceland - 100 - - 100 - : 100 : : 100 :

Liech tenstein : : : : : : : : : : : :

Norway 17.6 82.4 - 15.3 84.7 - 15.0 85.0 : 16.6 83.4 :

Switzerland : : : : : : : : : : : :

Montenegro : : : : : : : : : : : :

Croatia : : : 25.2 74 0.8 21.8b 72.7b 5.5b 20.6 73.7 5.7


: : - 11.6 88.4 - 15.7 84.3 : : : :

Turkey 6.4 93.6 - 5.1 94.9 - : : : : : :

:=Not available -='Not applicable' or 'Real zero' or 'Zero by defaul t' s=Eurostat esti mate b=Break in series e=Estimated value

Source: Eurostat

This indicator is defined as the percentage share of each mode of transport in total inland transport expressed in tonne-kilometres (tkm). It includes transport

by road, rail and inland waterways. Road transport is based on all movements of vehicles registered in the reporting country. Rail and Inland waterways

transport is generally based on movements on national territory, regardless of the nationality of the vehicle or vessel, but there are some variations in

definitions from country to country.

48


49

ENVIRONMENT

A - Built-up areas - km2 built up and related land

geo\time 1990 1995 2000 European Union (27 countries) : : : Belgium 4979,59 5335,73 5639,86 Bulgaria : : : Czech Republic 8119 8176 8100 Denmark 5886,7 6664,2 7290,86 Germany (including former GDR from 1991)

33719,56 42182,82 45734,74

Estonia : : : Ireland : : : Greece : : : Spain 19292 : : France 35147,77 39158,73 42103,59 Italy : : : Cyprus : : 205 Latvia 2632 : : Lithu ania 1574 1759,85 1984,19 Luxembourg 220 : : Hungary : : : Malta : : : Netherlands 5386 5608 5754 Austria 3112,19 3410,24 3816,5 Poland 19830 20368 20531 Portugal 14140 : 16366,73 Romania 10112 10234 10210 Slovenia : 603,57 795,05 Slovakia 3736,93 3720,33 3684,47 Finland 7520 7595 : Sweden 11720 : : United Kingdom : : : Iceland 1250 1353 1450 Liechtenstein : : : Norway : : : Switzerland : 2791 : Montenegro : : : Croatia 3561 3663 4877 Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, the

: : :

Turkey : : : :=Not available

Source: Eurostat

Last Update: May 2011


50

Built-up and related land is defined in the Eurostat/OECD joint questionnaire as residential land (3.1),

industrial land (3.2), quarries, pits and mines (3.3.), commercial land (3.4), land used by public services

(3.5), land of mixed use (3.6), land used for transport and communications (3.7), for technical infrastructure

(3.8), recreational and other open land (3.9). Scattered farm buildings, yards and annexes are excluded.

Some figures may refer to the closest year for which data is available (limit +/- 1 or 2 years before or after).

LU: the total excludes following land categories: 3.5, 3.6, 3.8, 3.9.

B - Greenhouse gas emissions by sector (source: EEA) - 1000 tonnes CO² equivalent 2008

Geo/airsect Total emissions

Energy Industries

Manufacturing Industries and Construction

Transport Industrial Processes

Agriculture Waste


4939738 1527714 608788 961772 409710 471802 138949


3970473 1147327 512481 837567 312558 377803 101956

Belgium 133253 24796 26669 27637 13051 9670 1015

Bulgaria 73468 34784 7591 8378 6413 4955 7592

Czech Republic

141412 62317 16097 18731 14345 8324 3605

Denmark 63845 23868 5278 13963 2257 10025 1241


958061 357448 95923 153483 104832 66203 10859

Estonia 20254 12723 985 2316 1041 1447 675

Ireland 67439 14641 5548 14255 2989 17575 1095

Greece 126888 57721 9364 22688 10660 8918 2969

Spain 405740 105803 67391 103506 31342 38956 15565

France 527026 62987 74075 130874 40728 98067 10381

Italy 541485 159838 74372 123879 34099 35865 16614

Cyprus 10220 3980 1074 2338 969 838 637

Latvia 11905 2017 1170 3596 344 2085 917

Lithuania 24327 5020 1369 5182 4873 5012 1140

Luxembourg 12494 1151 1630 6674 736 669 69

Hungary 73139 19668 6964 12887 4748 8783 3725

Malta 2952 1983 102 520 34 80 176

Netherlands 206911 65637 27586 35984 10481 18516 5655

Austria 86641 13527 16161 22535 11870 7631 2024

Poland 395558 174933 32624 42697 33322 37113 8911

Portugal 78381 19208 10222 19288 6925 7836 7879

Romania 145916 45742 18157 14680 18735 20287 6615


51

Geo/airsect Total emissions

Energy Industries

Manufacturing Industries and Construction

Transport Industrial Processes

Agriculture Waste

Slovenia 21285 6388 2305 6156 1186 1978 620

Slovakia 48831 10833 7869 6724 11142 3098 2380

Finland 70139 24281 10797 13629 7031 5834 2202

Sweden 63963 10005 10695 20694 6793 8470 1740

United Kingdom

628206 206416 76769 128477 28764 43567 22647

Iceland 4880 15 367 974 1992 566 221

Liechtenstein 263 3 33 91 6 23 2

Norway 53706 13094 3607 15300 8916 4356 1215

Switzerland 53224 3684 6437 16587 3308 5679 650

Montenegro : : : : : : :

Croatia 31132 6725 3784 6242 4128 3349 930


: : : : : : :

Turkey 366502 106273 56273 47805 29830 25043 33922

Source: Eurostat

Table: Total Greenhouse gas emissions 2000-2004-2008

Total emissions

2000 2004 2008


5062303 5148450 4939738


4114482 4174104 3970473

Belgium 144643 145287 133253

Bulgaria 69284 71147 73468

Czech Republic 147507 145989 141412

Denmark 68295 68005 63845


1024672 999939 958061

Estonia 18188 20134 20254

Ireland 67757 67301 67439

Greece 124854 129843 126888

Spain 380797 420447 405740

France 557068 552808 527026

Italy 549812 574116 541485


52

Total emissions

2000 2004 2008

Cyprus 9109 9297 10220

Latvia 10221 11013 11905

Lithuania 19388 21985 24327

Luxembourg 9902 13206 12494

Hungary 77080 79094 73139

Malta 2598 2878 2952

Netherlands 214568 218207 206911

Austria 80296 90926 86641

Poland 390207 386660 395558

Portugal 81301 84660 78381

Romania 136231 155490 145916

Slovenia 18821 19900 21285

Slovakia 49186 50759 48831

Finland 69105 80214 70139

Sweden 68861 70441 63963

United Kingdom 672551 658704 628206

Iceland 3766 3777 4880

Liechtenstein 255 271 263

Norway 53298 54646 53706

Switzerland 51882 53271 53224

Montenegro : : :

Croatia 25873 29825 31132


: : :

Turkey 297006 312261 366502

Source: Eurostat

Chart :Total Greenhouse gas emissions 2000-2004-2008 for European Union (27 countries)

4800000

4850000

4900000

4950000

5000000

5050000

5100000

5150000

5200000

2000 2004 2008

Source: Eurostat


53

This indicator shows the greenhouse gas emissions of key source categories. A key source category is

defined as an emission source category that has a significant influence on a country's greenhouse gas

inventory in terms of the absolute level of emissions, the trend in emissions, or both.

The different greenhouse gases are weighted by their global warming potential, and the results are

expressed in CO2 equivalents.


54

6 Bibliography

Many are the key-issues tackles in the EnSURE project’s framework. The Handbook would like to help

partners, stakeholders and everybody interested in it to exploring better and going into more depth in

these main topics: energy efficiency, renewable energy, building’s heritage, integrated urban development,

landscape and urban quality, participation, financing issue, etc.

European Commission, study centers, reseach institutions publicate often a lot of publications, yearbooks

and each sort of information, communication tools to kown and better study and staying updating on these

topics.

This part presents some of the most update, intersting and fruitable publications and communication tools

to take into account to working at best for EnSURE project.

The list is not totally satisfactory but it would like to be most useful possible.


55

� A resource-efficient Europe – Flagship initiative under the Europe 2020 Strategy - COM(2011) 21

� Assessment of non-cost barriers to renewable energy growth in

� Cities, town & renewable energy” (OECD/IEA 2009)

� Council Directive 92/42/EEC on efficiency requirements for new hot-water boilers fired with liquid or

gaseous fuels

� Covenant of Mayors official text

� Directive 2009/33/EC on the promotion of clean and energy-efficient road transport vehicles

� Directive 96/57/EC of the European Parliament and of the on energy efficiency requirements for

household electric refrigerators, freezers and combinations thereof

� District Heating and Cooling country by country Survey 2009

� ELENA – European Local ENergy Assistance EIB – 11/2009 - EIB Graphic Workshop

� Energy, transport and environment indicators –Pocketbooks - EUROSTAT 2010

� Energy Efficiency Governance Handbook - OECD/IEA, 2010

� EU energy and transport in figures – European Commission statistical pocketbook 2010

� EU energy trends to 2030 — UPDATE 2009 EU Com Directorate-General for Energy in collaboration with

Climate Action DG and Mobility and Transport DG (2010)

� EU Member States – AEON- DG TREN No. TREN/D1/48 – 2008

� EURATOM Supply Agency :ANNUAL REPORT 2009 -European Union, 2010

� EUROPEAN ENERGY AND TRANSPORT trends to 2030 — update 2007 - European Commission -

Directorate-General for Energy and Transport (2008)

� European Funded Research on Hydrogen and Fuel Cells (EC, 2008)

� EUROPEAN LED QUALITY CHARTER - European Commission Joint Research Centre - 2011/02/10

� European Parliament Eurobarometer (Standard EB 74.3 on Energy) The Europeans and energy

(Parlemeter January 2011)

� Eurostat regional yearbook 2010, EUROSTAT-March 2010

� Financing Renewable Energy in the European Energy Market (By: Ecofy; Fraunhofer ISI; TU Vienna EEG;

Ernst &Young) - 2 January 2011

� Guidance on the CRC Energy Efficiency Scheme “Meters and metering”-(February 2011) Environment

Agency

� Household Behaviour and Environmental Policy-the role of public policy OECD 2011

� HyWays - The European hydrogen roadmap (EC, 2008)

� IEM-Guidance in relation to the Thematic Strategy on the Urban Environment-European Communities,

2007

� Implementing energy efficiency policy 2009 – EOCD/EIA publication

� Implementing the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD)' (featuring country reports 2010 –

European Union 2011)

� Integrated Environmental Management-Eu Communities, 2007

� LEED program materials


56

� Making our cities attractive and sustainable - European Union, 2010

� New measures will update the Energy Labelling of Lamps Directive (98/11/EC) to extend its scope to all

lamps (including reflector lamps) and potentially by labelling legislation for luminaires.

� Painting the landscape: a cross-cultural exploration of public-government decision making-2010:A joint

research project of the International Association of Public Participation and the Charles F. Kettering

Foundation

� Panorama of energy - 2009 edition - Eurostat-Statistical edition

� Promoting sustainable urban development in Europe European Commission, Directorate-General for

Regional Policy, 2009

� Quarterly Report On European Electricity Markets (QREEM)

� Renewable Energy Snapshots - 2010, Eu Com Joint Research Centre Institute for Energy

� Renewable Energy: Progressing towards the 2020 target" (EuCom - Communication 2011/01/31

� Renewables make the difference, (EU 2011)

� SEAP Guidelines (PDF)

� The EIB Group Corporate Operational Plan 2011-2013

� THE EIB TRANSPARENCY POLICY - European Investment Bank

� The EU Energy Law & Policy Yearbook 2011 - Publication date: 20th. of April 2011

� The Renewed EU Sustainable Development Strategy

� The urban dimension in Community policies for the period 2007-2013. Eu Com

� White paper 2011-Roadmap to a Single European Transport Area

� WORLD ENERGY SURVEY - Bernard LAPONCHE -Delft-Zoetermeer, 23-24 March 2006


57

MOST RELEVANT WEB-SITE

� http://ec.europa.eu/climateaction/index_en.htm

� http://ec.europa.eu/energy/action_plan_energy_efficiency/doc/com_2006_0545_en.pdf

� http://ec.europa.eu/energy/efficiency/agreements_en.htm

� http://ec.europa.eu/energy/efficiency/ecodesign/eco_design_en.htm

� http://ec.europa.eu/energy/efficiency/index_en.htm

� http://ec.europa.eu/energy/gas_electricity/acer/acer_en.htm

� http://ec.europa.eu/energy/intelligent/index_en.html

� http://ec.europa.eu/energy/lumen/index_en.htm

� http://ec.europa.eu/energy/nuclear/euratom/euratom_en.htm

� http://ec.europa.eu/energy/renewables/index_en.htm

� http://ec.europa.eu/environment/urban/home_en.htm

� http://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/funds/2007/jjj/index_en.htm

� http://ec.europa.eu/research/energy/eu/research/fch/support/index_en.htm

� http://ec.europa.eu/transport/index_en.html

� http://eurlex.europa.eu/JOHtml.do?uri=OJ:L:2009:211:SOM:EN:HTML

� http://europa.eu/legislation_summaries/energy/internal_energy_market/l27019_en.htm

� http://europa.eu/legislation_summaries/environment/tackling_climate_change/l28060_en.html

� http://geeref.com/pages/home

� http://maindb.unfccc.int/public/country.pl?group=kyoto

� http://managenergy.net/news/articles/74

� http://re.jrc.ec.europa.eu/energyefficiency/index.htm

� http://thegreendifference.info/12798/smart-metering-explained

� http://unfccc.int/kyoto_protocol/items/2830.php

� http://urbact.eu

� http://www.acer.europa.eu/portal/page/portal/ACER_HOME

� http://www.bmwi.de/English/Navigation/Energy-policy/energy-and-climate.html

� http://www.bmwi.de/English/Navigation/Service/publications,did=301888.html

� http://www.buildup.eu/

� http://www.civitas-initiative.eu/main.phtml?lan=en

� http://www.coe.int/t/dg4/cultureheritage/heritage/landscape/default_en.asp

� http://www.dexmatech.com/en/

� http://www.efda.org/

� http://www.eib.org/products/technical_assistance/elena/index.htm

� http://www.eif.org/


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� http://www.elcfed.org/

� http://www.eneff-stadt.info/en/

� http://www.enerbuild.eu/publications

� http://www.erec.org/projects/finalised-projects/ecoheatcool.html

� http://www.eu-energystar.org/en/index.html

� http://www.eu-greenlight.org/

� http://www.eumayors.eu

� http://www.euroheat.org

� http://www.europarl.europa.eu/parliament/public/staticDisplay.do?id=40&pageRank=4&language=IT

� http://www.fch-ju.eu/

� http://www.geneve2000watts.ch/home.php?id_x=0&id_y=1

� http://www.iap2.org/

� http://www.intelmeter.com/ “Energy Savings from Intelligent Metering and Behavioural Change” -IIE

project

� http://www.managenergy.net/ http://www.med-ecoquartiers.org/

� http://www.nationale-stadtentwicklungspolitik.de

� http://www.novatlantis.ch/en/2000-watt-society.html

� http://www.stadt-zuerich.ch/portal/en/index/portraet_der_stadt_zuerich/2000-watt_society.html

� https://europe.xclima.com/xclima-en?set_language=en

� http://www.lda.gov.uk/projects/refit/

� www.bmvbs.de/EN/BuildingAndHousing/BuildingCulture/building-culture_node.html

� www.bundesstiftung-baukultur.de/www.foerderverein-baukultur.de

� www.eltis.org

� www.klima-manifest.de

� www.sustenergy.org

� www.uia-architectes.org/texte/england/News/2-COP15.html


59

7 Political and normative documentations

European issues a lot of political tools for help all European countries to be all together in line in all

european first but also global issues. Energy at the moment is one of the most important issue to tackle and

the first one in the Europe Agenda.

This part presents some of the most update, intersting and fruitable political and normative tools:

European Directives, Communications, Conventions, Regulations, Programme, Paper and Charter to take

into account also for working at best in EnSURE project.

The list is not totally satisfactory but it would like to be most useful possible.

� 2002/358/EC: Council Decision concerning the approval, on behalf of the European Community, of the

Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and the joint

fulfillment of commitments thereunder

� Com Directive 98/11/EC: on energy labelling of household lamps

� COM(2006)545 final Action Plan for Energy Efficiency: Realising the Potential

� COM(2006)545 final: Action Plan for Energy Efficiency: Realising the Potential

� COM(2007) 723 and COM(2009) 519A European Strategic Energy Technology Plan (SET Plan)

� COUNCIL DIRECTIVE 2009/71/EURATOM

� Council Directive 92/42/EEC on efficiency requirements for new hot-water boilers fired with liquid or

gaseous fuels

� DIRECTIVE 2004/8/EC OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 11 February 2004 on

the promotion of cogeneration based on a useful heat demand in the internal energy market and

amending Directive 92/42/EEC

� DIRECTIVE 2006/32/EC on energy end-use efficiency and energy services

� Directive 2009/125/EC: establishing a framework for the setting of ecodesign requirements for energy-

related product

� Directive 2010/30/EU : labelling and standard product information of the consumption of energy and

other resources by energy-related products

� Directive 2010/31/EU :Energy Performance of Buildings Directive

� Directive 96/57/EC of the European Parliament and of the on energy efficiency requirements for

household electric refrigerators, freezers and combinations thereof

� District Heating and Cooling country by country Survey 2009

� Energy Efficiency Plan 2011 8.3.2011 COM(2011)

� Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD)

� EU’s Green Building Programme

� EUROPEAN LED QUALITY CHARTER - European Commission Joint Research Centre - 2011/02/10

� European Funded Research on Hydrogen and Fuel Cells (EC, 2008)

� European Parliament and Council Directive2000/55/EC on energy efficiency requirements for ballasts

for fluorescent lighting


60

� Green Paper on energy efficiency- European Communities, 2005

� Implementing the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD)' (featuring country reports 2010 –

European Union 2011

� Leipzig Charter on Sustainable European Cities – 2007

� Regulation (EC) No 713/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 July 2009

establishing an Agency for the Cooperation of Energy Regulators

� Renewable Energy: Progressing towards the 2020 target" (EuCom - Communication 2011/01/31

� The European Landscape Convention (Council of Europe Treaty Series no. 176)


61

FINAL ANNEXES


62


63

ANNEX A - Pocket Basic Knowledge HandBook

(2.3.1 Output)


64


65

ANNEX B - Analysis of previous activities

(3.1.3 output)


66


67

ANNEX C - Examination of the local power supply system in partner towns/regions

(3.1.2 output)


68


69


70

Notes

Documents

Basic Knowl edge HandBook - · PDF fileBasic Knowl edge HandBook ... the Budapest University of Technology and Economics, ... the new Department for Sustainable Urban Development was