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CORROSION
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Welcometo the
Basic Corrosion course
Basic Corrosion Course
The goal of this course is to provide
interested persons with a basic
overview of the theoretical and
practical aspects of corrosion and
its control.
What do we expect you to have to be successful in this course?
An interest in learning more about corrosion
Chapter 1–Introduction
Basic Corrosion Course
Corrosion Definition
The deterioration of a substance
(usually a metal) or its properties
because of a reaction with its
environment.
Are all of these Corrosion?
Corrosion Affects You!
Your Environment
Your Company
Your Job
Your Safety
Your Pocketbook
Total Direct Cost of Corrosion in the U.S.
B$276 / year = 3.1% of GDP
Source: Corrosion Cost and Preventative Strategies in the United States, September 2001, Report FHWA-RD-01-156
Cost of Corrosion
$8.3$7.0
$0.3$7.0
$-$-
$5.0$36.0
$6.9$-
$23.4$2.7
$2.2$0.5$0.9$1.4
$0.1$3.7
$1.7$6.0
$1.1$2.1
$-$1.5
$20.0$0.1
$- $10 $20 $30 $40
1.00
Cost Of Corrosion Per Analyzed Economic Sector, ($ x billion)
Highway BridgesGas and Liquid Transm. PipelinesWaterways and PortsHazardous Materials StorageAirportsRailroadsGas DistributionDrinking Water and Sewer SystemsElectrical UtilitiesTelecommunicationMotor VehiclesShipsAircraftRailroad CarsHazardous Materials TransportOil and Gas Expl.and ProductionMiningPetroleum RefiningChem., Petrochem., Pharm.Pulp and PaperAgriculturalFood ProcessingElectronicsHome AppliancesDefenseNuclear Waste Storage
Cost of Corrosion per Analyzed Economic Sector, ($x billion)
Direct Corrosion Costs
Excessive Maintenance /Repair/ReplacementLost Production/DowntimeProduct ContaminationLoss of Product
Loss of Efficiency (Oversizing & Excess)Energy CostsAccidentsIncreased Capital Costs – OverdesignEnvironmental Cleanup – Fines
Indirect Corrosion Costs
SafetyStructural CollapseLeaksFire/Toxic ReleasesProduct ContaminationFoods/Pharmaceuticals WaterConsumer ConfidenceLoss of RedundancyAppearance Increased Regulation
Forms of Corrosion
General CorrosionLocalized Corrosion Pitting Crevice Corrosion Filiform CorrosionGalvanic CorrosionEnvironmental Corrosion CrackingFlow-Assisted CorrosionIntergranular CorrosionDealloyingFretting CorrosionHigh Temperature Corrosion
General Corrosion
Stress Corrosion Cracking
Pitting Corrosion
Is this General, or Localized?
Crevice Corrosion
Is it General or Localized?
Filiform Corrosion
Is it General or Localized?
Galvanic Corrosion
Is this General, or Localized?Is it General or
Localized?
Velocity Effect Corrosion-
Erosion Corrosion
Is it General or Localized?
Intergranular Corrosion
De-Alloying
Fretting
High-Temperature Corrosion
What causes the corrosionof metals?
There is an imbalance of energy thatequalizes during corrosion processes (non-equilibrium)
The “balancing” process is called anelectrochemical reaction which we willstudy in the next chapter.
We must study the atoms to understandthis process.
Where can I obtain more informationabout corrosion?
NACE InternationalAmerican Gas Association American National Standards InstituteAmerican Petroleum InstituteAmerican Society of Mechanical EngineersAmerican Society for Testing and Materials ASM InternationalMaterials Technology InstituteSSPC-The Society for Protective CoatingsSteel Tank Institute UK Institute of Corrosion
Types of Information
These organizations produce:
Standards Papers Publications & Software Training Courses and Conference Events Knowledge Bases on the Internet