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Sultan Qaboos UniversityCollege of Science

Department of Computer Science

First Edition 2011

Chapter Authors Reviewer

One: Computer FundamentalsDr. Ibrahim Dweib,Mr. Mohammed Sajeed

Ms. Fatima Al Raisi

Two: Basic Computer Operationsand File Management

Mr. Mohammed Sajeed

Three: Word Processing Mr. Nauman Ahmed

Four: Spreadsheets Mr. Sherwin Al-EjandroFive: Presentations Mr. Basel Bani-Ismail

Six: Computer Networks andInternet

Ms. Ghada Sabeeh

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Basic Computing Skills 2011

1

Table of Contents

Chapter One: Computer Fundamentals...2

Chapter Two: Basic Computer Operations and File Management19

Chapter Three: Word Processing..37

Chapter Four: Spreadsheets...59

Chapter Five: Presentations.....100

Chapter Six: Computer Networks and Internet....122

References: ...............................133

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Chapter One:

Computer Fundamentals

What you will learn: What is a computer system Characteristics of computers Benefits and usage of computers Classification of computers Description of the microcomputer parts

o Hardwareo Software

Buying a new computer Computer Ergonomics Health and safety issues Copyright Privacy and Data protection Access Rights Computer Viruses Omani Legislation on Data protection What are shareware, freeware, public domain programs and Open source?

What is a computer system?The word computer comes from the word compute, which means to calculate. It is basically acollection of electronic devices (called hardware) that work autonomously, each doing special tasks.These devices cooperate with each other, by means of specified instructions called Software toachieve data and information processing.The collection of hardware and software constitutes a computer system. To solve a certain problemusing a computer, we must feed it (input to it) with a collection of instructions orcommands, andalso with the data needed to get the solution.The set of instructions provided to the computer to solve a certain problem is called a program, andthe one who develops this program is called a programmer. The operations executed by the

computer are called processing of data, and the results of this processing are called output.

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Characteristics of computers1. Its ability to execute the instructions loaded into it in autonomously manner.2. High speed processing3. High precision in getting results4. Large storage capacity and rapid fetching of needed information.5. Ability to connect to remote peer machines and exchange informationBenefits and usage of computers:Computers are affecting in a positive way a large part of the human daily life. Some examples are asfollows:

Information management: used in Bank and corporate management, in air and urban traffic, insupermarkets and shopping centers, etc.

Education: widely used in universities and research centers (analyzing data, modeling andsimulation etc.), and in colleges and schools which have access to computer-aided education

packages, etc.

Communication: provide support for data, voice and video communication over telephone anddata transmission networks. In combination with telecommunication systems, computers have

revolutionized the way we live (ex: the internet) (remote reading of headline news, home

shopping, home banking, home trading, etc.

Office presentations: support of word processing, spreadsheets (for producing the table, graphsand charts), and of animated presentation, etc.

Family computers: home education, household inventory, games and fun for kids.Classification:Today's computers are classified based on their mode of use; the following is a classification of thecomputers:

Handheld Computers:Handheld Computer is a small computing device that can be used byholding in hand. It is also known as palmtop because it can be kept on palm and operated.

Tablet PC: A tablet PC is a miniature laptop. It usually provides all features of laptop along withextra features like handwriting recognition and voice recognition.

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PDA (Personal Digital Assistant)/Pocket PC:The features include contact list, calendar,task list, e-mail, pocket word-processing and spreadsheet application, presentation viewer, networkcapability using Wi-Fi, Bluetooth. PDA has a decent size LCD touch screen with a pen forhandwriting recognition.

Smartphone: Smartphone is fully functional mobile phone with computing power. The majordifference between PDA and Smartphone is a cell phone with PDA-like capability. Smart phones donot have a touch screen and are smaller than PDAs.

Notebook computers: Notebook computers are portable computers mainly meant for use ofpeople who need computing resource wherever they go. They are also known as laptops. Processingcapability of laptop is normally as good as an ordinary PC, because both use the same type of

processor.

Personal computers (PC):A PC is a general purpose computer that fits on a normal size officetable and used by one person at a time. PCs are now very common everywhere, and can be found inoffices, classrooms, homes, hospitals, shops, clinics, etc.

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Workstations: A work station is a powerful desktop computer designed to meet computing needsof engineers, architects, and other professionals who need greater processing power, large storageand better graphics display facility than a normal PCs provide. They are used commonly forcomputer Aided Design (CAD), multimedia applications such as creating special audio visual effectin movies, etc.

Network Computer NC:A large PC-type computer called a Server is connected to smaller PCscalled clients or terminals. A client is a monitor with a keyboard and a small box which contains the

CPU and the Main Memory. The Client may not have any hard disks - therefore it is unable to workindependently. A client downloads applications and data from the server into its main memory. Thenany changes, which are made, will be stored in the server

Main-frames: they are large computers installed in large rooms, with large storage capabilitiesand fast computing facilities. They are used in banks, insurance companies that need online

processing of large number of transactions.

Super-computers: they constitute the top of the classification in terms of storage capacity andcomputation power. They are used for sensitive applications that require a huge amount ofcomputation, like satellite tracing and simulations of warplanes in the battlefield or weather forecastapplications.

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Description of the Microcomputer parts

A.The Hardware:1.The system unit:

Itsa box that hosts computer brain, its memory and other useful parts for carrying out internaloperations.

It comprises:

The mother board: the main circuit board, ithosts the computers central processing unit,

expansion slots, and data communication bus.

The central processing unit (CPU) or Microprocessor: is thecomputers virtual brain. It has the task of carrying out all the

internal operations that include a variety of computations,

numerical comparison and data transfer. It consists of the

following units:o The Control Unit (CU): controls and sequences the

operations to be performed by the CPU.

o The Arithmetical and Logical Unit (ALU): performs the arithmetical and logicaloperations.

o The registers: they are storage locations used to store essential information for theCU and the ALU.

A register is essentially a storage space inside the CPU. These registers are used to holdnumbers that are currently being manipulated. The large the registers are the larger thenumbers they can hold.

The size of a register is expressed in bits. A bit is a single binary digit (that takes of thevalues 0 or 1, true or false, on or off).

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Bits are usually grouped into sets of eight to form a byte. One byte can express anumber between 0 and 255.

0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1

The more bits a microprocessor can work with at a time, the fasterand more efficient it is.16-bits, 32- bits and 64-bits are the most commonly register sizes used.

Data Bus Size: A data bus is the pathway connecting the microprocessor to the memorystorage. It is used to transfer program instructions and data from memory to CPU and back. It

affects computer performance because it determines how much data can be moved, and

therefore processed at the same time. It has, in this regard, direct relations with the registers

to which the data is transferred.

Expansion Slots: the bus is accessible through a series of expansion slots. Each expansionslot is an internal connector that allows you to plug an additional circuit board into the

motherboard.

Speed: The speed with which a microprocessor operates depends on two factors:

1) Microprocessor design: the manufacturer specifies a certain range2) The speed of the system clock: this clock oscillates or ticks at a certain frequency. In general

this frequency is several millions per second. The clock is also used to synchronize the

internal operations of the computer components. All computer operations require a certain

number of clock ticks to be finished. Thus, the faster the clock, the faster the computer is.

The speed of the microprocessor is measured by the number of cycles per second, which is expressedin units of frequency called Hertz (Hz).One megahertz (MHz) = one million cycles per second.

Coprocessors and multiprocessors: they are technologies that allow more than one CPU to operateconcurrently in executing programs. However, some processors can have specialized tasks. Ingenerally, multiprocessing helps to speed up the computer considerable.

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2. Memory:Primary memory: RAMs and ROMs:

The RAM (random access memory) is a sequence ofindividual storage locations. Each location has a unique address.

When a number stored in a location, it is said to be written to

memory. When a number is looked up in a location, it is said to

be read from memory. The technically correct definition of

RAM is: storage where all addresses are equally accessible.

Sometimes it is called: Read-Write Memory. It has the

particularity that if power is cut off the computer its contents

loses. The amount of RAM is another factor involved in determining the power of a computer.

The more RAM a computer has the more complex programs it can run and the more data it can

access quickly. The units used to express memory size are:

1 Byte (B)= 8 bits is the smallest unit that can be directly addressed by most computers. 1 kilobytes (KB) = 210 byte = 1024 bytes. The word one kilo is misused since it means 1024

and not 1000. Thus if we say a memory size of 64 K, we mean 64*1024.

1 Megabyte (MB) = 1024 kilobytes.

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1 Gigabytes (GB) = 1024 megabytes. 1 Terabytes (TB) = 1024 gigabytes.In recent days, computers amount of RAM size can range from 128 MB to 1GB M.

ROM: it isRead Only Memory is used for: Storing system programs and routines. It can only be read. It is also a collection of storage locations. The information it has cannot be destroyed if power is cut off. One of its tasks is that it hosts the POST (Power On Self-Test) routines:

The first 30 seconds Power On Self-Test (POST): a set of diagnostic routines (encoded in ROM)

that ensures that the computer is functioning properly each time it is powered on. The POSTvalidates every byte in RAM, and should detect a bad location, reports the problem before the systemis used. It configures the various support chips that work with the microprocessor, determines whatoptional equipment is attached, gets the keyboard ready to transmit keystrokes to the CPU, and loadsthe operating system. After this final step, you can see the first evidence that the PC is up.

3. Secondary storage:Floppy Disk Drive (FDD): works with floppy disks or diskettes, whichare inexpensive, flexible magnetic disks encased in plastic. Floppy disks

can be inserted and removed from their drive.There are 3 types of Floppy disks:

1. 8FD2. 5.25 FD (that can hold up to 360 KB),3. 3.5 FD that can store up to 1.44 Mbytes and it is indicated by a letter A: \

Hard disk drives: uses one or more rigid, magnetic platters to holdinformation. Most HDD have their magnetic disks sealed inside

permanently. These disks spin much faster and have much greatercapacity than FDs.

HDs comes in various sizes i.e.: 80 GB, 120 GB, 180 GB, 512 GB etc.

It can have any number of partitions and indicated by the letters C:\ D:\and so on depending on number of partitions made on the hard disk.

Compact discs (CDs): A small optical circular disk on which datasuch as sound, text or graphic images is digitally encoded.

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Compact discs are made from a 1.2 mm thick disc or polycarbonate plastic coated with a muchthinner aluminum.

CDs are available in a range of sizes but by far the most common is:

1.120mm in diameter, with a 74 minute audio capacity2.and a 650 MB3.or 700 MB data.

Available in CD, DVD (Digital Versatile Disc), Blu-Ray Disk

Flash drive: Flash drive is a compact device of the size of a pen, comes invarious shapes and stylish designs. It is a plug and play device that simply

plugs into a USB (universal serial bus) port of computer.

4. Inputs and output devices: Input devices: The device through which the instructions and input data are provided to the

computers.

Examples: keyboard, mouse, scanner, touch screen, microphone, joystick, electronic pen, Floppydrive, HD drive, and CD drive etc.

Output device: The devices through which the results or the information is gotten from thecomputer.

Examples:printer, plotter, LCD, speakers, monitor, Floppy drive, and HD drive etc.

Computer Ports:A port serves as an interface between the computer and other computers orperipheral devices (as keyboard, mouse, scanner, printers etc.). Physically, a port is a specializedoutlet on a piece of equipment to which a plug orcable connects. In the following, some example oncomputer ports:

1. Serial Port:This port could be used to connect modems, old mouse and it has two type one of 9

pins and the other of 25 pins.

2. Parallel Port:It is faster than serial ports and it will be usually used to connect

printers and sometimes could be used to connect Scanners.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_connectorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cablehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cablehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_connector

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3. USB:The Universal Serial Bus (USB) is used to connect most of the modern external devicesnow in all the computers like external hard disks, digital camera, flashes, printers,scanners and mobiles etc.

4. PS/2:Mainly two ports available in each computer machine of PS/2 port. One is

dedicated for the keyboard and the other for the mouse.

5. VGA ConnectorThe VGA connector is used to connect the monitor with the computer mother

board.

6.Ethernet portIt is used to connect the computer to the Local Area Network (LAN).

B.Software: The invisible part of the computer system which consists of a set of instructions thattells the computer what to do and how to do it, such as: Word Processing, Computer Games and

Graphics Programs.

I. System SoftwareOperating systems (O/S): is the heart and soul of a computer. It is the foundation on which allsoftware applications rest. It takes care of little details, such as reading a data from a disk,interpreting your keystrokes and so on. Its essential job can be divided into 3 categories:

1.

Control of Hardware: controls how programs are run, and how the computer resources areused.

2. Manage Software: controls how programs are run, and how the computer resources areused.

3. Interact with users: Helps the average users put their PCs to work.Examples of Operating systems (O/S):

MS-DOS: it is Microsoft Disk Operating System. It is a single user operating System. Microsoft Windows: it is a single user, multitasking operating system. Examples are

Windows 3.0, Windows 95, Windows 2000, Windows XP, Windows XP Professional,Windows Vista and Windows 7.

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MS-Windows NT: it is classified as network operating system. This O/S allows manyusers to be connected to each other. So each user has his own stand-alone computer while

sharing other software, Data-bases, hardware Devices (HDD, printer, etc.) with others.

UNIX: it is a multi-user timesharing operating system. Linux: is a multi-tasking multiprocessing O/S.

I I .Programming Languages: Machine Language: It is written in binary system composed of 1 and 0. It depends on the

computer's architecture. It is difficult a language, which does not need any translator.

Assembly Language: Depends on using some of the mnemonic symbols like: MUL formultiply, and SUB for subtract. It uses addressing symbols. Other accounting systems can be

used instead of the binary system. It is easier than Machine language, but it still depends on

the computer architecture. A translator is needed and it is called Assembler.

High Level Languages: Use statements that one can understand. It needs translators. It can beused very easily to solve complex problems. They are independent of the computer's

architecture, such as, Pascal, COBOL, Basic, C, C++, Java, etc.

Application Generators: Called fourth generation languages. They are database languagesused to create files. Forms, queries and reports without the writing of any programs. It uses

very simple statements or instructions. It does the job by telling the computer what the user

needs, but without telling it how to do it.

Compliers and Interpreters:Programs that translate the source code into the object or machine code.

A compiler translates a whole program. The object code can be executed. However, the interpretertranslates and executes one statement at a time

III.Application softwareApplication software is the software that helps the user perform word processing, use electronicspreadsheets to manage tables to extract results (draw graphs, charts, etc.), or to create databases andmanage them, to use the Email facilities and access the internet. An example of application softwareis Microsoft Office which includes Word, Excel, Access, and Power Point etc.

Buying a new computerPurchasing a home or business computer can be a big and sometimes costly decision. Below is alisting of the various components likely to be found in a computer and recommendations and tipswhen considering any of the below components.

What to look for

Processor: The computer processor is and will always be one of the most importantconsiderations when purchasing a computer. Today, with multiple CPU/Processor manufacturers,

it may be more confusing as well as more cost efficient to look at all options for computer

processors. Always buy the current technology processor.

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Memory: Memory is one of the more important purchasing decisions on a computer. The morememory in the computer, the more efficient the computer will run. Nowadays memory is ranging

from 2GB to 4 GB on personal computers.

Hard Drive: The hard drive will be the destination of all your files and information. Make sureyou get a hard disk drive that will have plenty of available space and will run at speeds that don'tslow the overall computer down. Latest hard disk drives are with the capacity of 500GB to 1 TB.

CD/DVD: Most newer computers today have an included disc burner in the computer. If youwish to make your own CD's / DVD's make sure the computer supports it.

Modem: Depending on how you plan on connecting to the Internet the Modem may not be thatimportant of a buying decision. Most users today are using broadband Internet, which does not

require a modem. However, if this is not available in your area make sure your computer includes

a modem.

Computer Ergonomics

It is important to create strain less working environment. Ergonomics refers to the design and

functionality that affects the ability of a person to do their work. It comprises of several factors

Seating: Chairs should be of adjustable height. Users feet are flat on the floor with their kneeslevel with their hips. It should give support to lower back. The height of the desk and the chair

should mean that the forearm is roughly horizontal when using keyboard and mouse.

Lighting: The room should be sufficiently lit. Computers should neither face windows nor backon to a window so that users have to sit with the sun in their eyes.

Ventilation: The room should have opening windows or air conditions to allow free aircirculation to prevent overheating.

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Health and safety issues

Using computers unsafe can be dangerous. Make sure all the cables are safely secured. Powersockets are not overloaded. Use protector to prevent power spikes from damaging the equipment.

Sudden power shutdown could cause the loss of data so install uninterrupted power supply (UPS)

that gives time to shut down safely.

Computers can be responsible for many health problems like eye strain, wrist injuries and backproblems. Poor seating and bad posture while sitting at a computer screen can cause back

problem. Repetitive strain injury is the collective name for a variety of disorders affecting the

neck, shoulders and upper limbs. It can result in stiffness and aching wrist, arms, back and

inability to lift or hold any object.

Computer users are prone to eye strain from spending long hours looking at screen. Many usersprefer dim light to achieve better screen contrast. But this makes it difficult to read documents on

the desk. A small spot light focused on the desktop is helpful.

Simple techniques can reduce these problems. Sit up properly when working. Take 1-2 minute stretch break every 20 minutes. And take 10 minutes break or do something

away from computer every hour.

Close your eyes while you take your break. Rest them by covering them with your palms for 10-15 seconds or look out of your window or elsewhere in the distance.

Copyright

Computer Software, text, graphics, images, audio and video all these is copyright material. It isowned by the producer and it is illegal to make unauthorized copies. When you buy software it is

supplied with in a sealed package on which the terms and conditions of use are printed. This is

called the Software Licence. When the user accepts the terms and conditions then it is referred

as End User Licence Agreement. The package will have a unique identification number that you

may need when installing the software. Software can be installed on the network to be accessed

by the multiple users. Licence specifies the number of users that can access software at any point

of time.

It is illegal to make copies of the software, except for backup purposes, so you are breaking thelaw if you copy some software from a friend onto removable media such as CD or memory stickto use on your own computer.

Privacy and Data protection

Right to privacy is the fundamental human right and most of us take for granted. For example,we would not want our name, address, job profile, family circumstance and medical records

available to everyone.

Since we register online on websites, banks and insurance companies holds our personalinformation. It requires maintenance and protection of information that demands great respect.

Wrong information could lead a person refusal of job or medical insurance and that could ruin

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the life. Holding personal information thus demands sensitivity and respect. This is reflected in

the protection laws.

Access Rights

It is a level of authorization to read and/or modify a record or a data file. In the administration of amulti-user computer system, a privilege is an identified right that a particular user has to a particularsystem resource, such as a file folder, the use of certain system commands, or an amount of storage.Generally, a system administrator or, in the case of network resources such as access to a particulardevice, a network administrator assigns privileges to users. System software then automaticallyenforces these privileges. Users should make sure his password is not given to anyone else.

Computer Virus and its typesA computer virus is a computer program that can copy itself and infect a computer without

permission or knowledge of the user. The term "virus" is also commonly used, albeit erroneously, torefer to many different types of malware and adware programs. The original virus may modify thecopies, or the copies may modify themselves, as occurs in a metamorphic virus.A virus can only spread from one computer to another when its host is taken to the uninfectedcomputer, for instance by a user sending it over a network or the Internet, or by carrying it on aremovable medium such as a floppy disk, CD, or USB drive.Meanwhile viruses can spread to other computers by infecting files on a network file system or a filesystem that is accessed by another computer.

E-mail viruses:

An e-mail virus travels as an attachment to e-mail messages, and usually replicates itself byautomatically mailing itself to dozens of people in the victim's e-mail address book. Some e-mailviruses don't even require a double-click -- they launch when you view the infected message in the

preview pane of your e-mail software.

Trojan horses:

A Trojan horse is simply a computer program that claims to do one thing (it may claim to be a game)but instead does damage when you run it (it may erase your hard disk). Trojan horses have no way toreplicate automatically.

Worms:

A worm is a small piece of software that uses computer networks and security holes to replicateitself. A copy of the worm scans the network for another machine that has a specific security hole. Itcopies itself to the new machine using the security hole, and then starts replicating from there, aswell.

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What They Infect

Viruses can infect several files of the computer's operating and file system. These include:

System Sectors Files Macros Companion Files Disk Clusters Batch Files Source Code

Antivirus

An antivirus program protects your computer from virus attacking and it must be installed on all thecomputers systems. Antivirus programs automatically checks for any infected data when the

computer is started up. Checks can be performed on floppy drive, CDs and Flash drive before files

are accessed. It is better to install antivirus that provides frequent updates online. Antivirus program

should be capable of not only detecting the viruses but also of removing it from infected file. This is

called disinfecting the file.

Omani Legislation on Data protection

Author:

Any individual who prepares or creates any work of art in the field of Literature, Science or Artsor any written or innovative work of art that is relevant to any of the knowledge domains, to

whom such work is attributed by means of stating his name explicitly or implicitly or by any

other means, unless evidence proves the contrary.

Audio-visual work of art: Any audio-visual work of art that comprises a set of interrelatedphotographs which are accompanied by sounds, recorded on suitable material and displayed by

suitable sets.

Translation: Expressing a work of art in a language other than the language of the original text. Publication: Transmission of the work of art to the public in any manner means or form.

Reproduction: Producing a duplicate or more of the work of art in any manner, means or form.

Computer programs including date bases: Denote all terms and directives expressed by anylanguage, symbol or indication which are prepared to be used directly or indirectly in computers

in order to reach definite outcomes.

Scope of Protection:

The authors of original works of art in literature, science, arts, and culture in general shall enjoy theprotection of this law irrespective of the value of those works of art, type thereof, the manner ofexpression or the purpose for which they were created. The said protection shall comprise in

particular, the authors of the following works of art

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1. Books, computer programs and other writings.2. Works of art delivered orally such as lectures, addresses and sermons.3. Dramatic works of art and musical plays.4. Musical works of art whether numbered or not and whether accompanied with words or not.5.

Works of art relating to dance designing and pantomime.

6. Cinematographic, television, radio, audio and audio visual works of art.7. Works of art of drawings, painting, architecture, sculpture, ornamentation and engraving.8. The applied works of art whether handicraft or industrial.9. Illustrations, geographical maps, plans and sketches and formative works of art relating to

geography, topography, architecture and science.

10.Folklore: The title of the work if it is distinctive and innovative and is not a current term used todenote the topic of the work of art.

Penalties:

Infringing upon the author's rights referred to in above paragraphs whether by way of illegal copyingor quoting or falsification by way of printing and publication for sale and trading purposes will be

punished by imprisonment for a period not exceeding two years and a fine not exceeding OmaniRiyals 2000.00 or by any of the said punishments.

What are shareware, freeware, public domain programs and Open

source?

Shareware, freeware, and public domain are software categories defined by how programs may bedistributed, copied, used, and modified.

SharewareShareware software is distributed at low or sometimes no cost, but usually requires payment andregistration for full legal use. Copies are distributed on a trial basis. You are free to test thesoftware, see if it matches your needs, and decide whether it's a good value. Order forms oradvertisements included in the program or on the distribution disk usually tell you how to registerthe program and what fee is required. Registered users of a shareware program will typicallyreceive a printed manual, an updated copy of the software, often with additional features, and thelegal right to use the program in their home or business.

Shareware is not free software, since authors of shareware programs expect payment from thosewho intend to use the programs regularly. However, it does have the advantage over standardcommercial software that you may thoroughly test a program to see if it's useful before making a

purchase.

Shareware is generally written by individuals or small companies, and its quality and level ofsupport vary widely. In some cases, however, shareware packages are actually more capable thancorresponding commercial software, and some commercial programs got their start beingmarketed as shareware.

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While shareware may be freely copied, companies may not charge fees for copies thatsignificantly exceed their duplication and handling costs. The authors of shareware programs alsoretain their copyright on the contents, and you may not modify such programs or distributemodified copies.

FreewareFreeware is also distributed at minimal cost, but in this case the authors do not expect paymentfor their work. Typically, freeware programs are small utilities or incomplete programs thatauthors release for their potential benefit to others, but without support. The author of a freeware

program may still retain a copyright on its contents and stipulate that others not modify theprogram or charge significant fees for its use or distribution.

Public domain softwarePublic domain software is not copyrighted. It is released without any conditions upon its use, andmay be used without restriction. This type of software generally has the lowest level of support

available.

Open-SourceOpen source is a term describing a means of developing and distributing software that ensuressoftware is available for use, modification, and redistribution by anyone. Generally, anyone candownload open source software for little or no cost, and can use, share, borrow, or change itwithout restriction. Open source practice promotes software reliability and quality by supportingindependent peer review and rapid evolution of source code.

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Chapter Two:

Basic Computer Operations and File Management

using Windows OSs

Introduction

This module shows you how to use your computers Operating System. The things you will learn

module will help you to organize the work that you do and the documents that you create using

application such as Note pad, MS-word, Paint and PDF etc. it also helps you to trouble shoot and

know what to do when something unexpected happens.

Objectives:

How to start a PC Strong and weak passwords Desktop and what you might find on it Start Up button and Task Bar About a window (title bar, open, close, restore) Hierarchical structure of drives, folders and files Folders/Files Operation Searching files Compressing/Decompressing files/folders Burn a CD or DVD in Windows Media Center Add a printer Add / Remove programs Getting help

How to start a PC

Make sure that computer power cords are properly plugged in to the socket. If there is a floppy disk

drive on your computer then check that there is not a floppy disk inside and Flash disk is not plugged

in USB port of your system unit.

Press the power button on of the system unit. Switch on your screen.

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If the computer is on network or set for multiple users, like we have the setup in our university, you

will be asked to enter your user id and password. For security reasons the passwords will not be

displayed on the screen. Passwords also protect your personal information on computers and other

various electronic devices. Strong passwords are the combination of letters digits and special

characters. Never set a password from dictionary because hackers use the dictionaries to match withthe passwords.

Examples

Strong password: n101* Weak password: bright

Wait for the screen to stop changing. It should end up showing some small symbols (small icons) on

a colored or picture background. This is called the desktop.

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Desktop Parts

IconsDesktop icons come in a variety of forms and to use any of the icons just you need to double click on

it. Some of the examples are shown below:

Folder is like a container it can save files of any type, for example Ms-word, Ms- excel,

pdf etc.) and folders.

Recycle Bin (a waste basket). When you delete a file or a folder from your hard disk it

goes into Recycle Bin. You can retrieve it if you have changed your mind about deleting.

It remains in the basket as long as you havent emptied the bin.

It displays secondary storage devices and network storage available on this computer. For

example floppy drive, hard disk and its partitions, DVD and flash disk if attached.

Task BarThe Task bar shows the icons of application programs that can be quickly launch or open. Hover the

mouse button over any icon on the task bar, it displays the screen tip or miniature form of the number

of files open.

Startup BarThe start button at the bottom left of the screen opens a menu where you can select an application torun or a task that you want to do.

Startup Bar

Maximize FileEn is the systems default language,

Flag is free from all issues, connected

to network, sound system is active then

time and date is shown at right

Launch Internet

Explorer

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Hierarchical structure of drives, folders and files

Data can be stored on a number of

different types of secondary storage

devices. Your computer will have

atleast one hard disk drive, floppy

drive, CD/DVD and a flash memory

or other removable drives. If your

computer is on network there mayalso be storage space on one the

network servers(as you have here in

our University).

Windows assigns a letter to each drive on the computer. The floppy drive is usually indicated by

letter A:, the hard drive C:, the CD/DVD drive E: and so on. On a network the hard drive Is usually

partitioned into several logical drives called F:, G:, H:.

You can see what drives your computer has and how much free space there is on each disk. To do

this click on computer icon on desktop then you should see a window similar to the one below.

Recently used

application programs

Click here to see the list

of installed programs

Administrators can install any

hardware orprograms and

customize Operating system

Click on Log off to come

out of your login session

To stop your computer

completely, click on Shut down

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Files and Folders

Folders are like containers, these may contain any number of subfolders and file. Folders can store

any type of file.

A File is the basic unit of information storage on computers. Files should be given names and it is agood practice to use the relevant filenames to the data store in it so that you can easily find particular

file when it is needed.

As you use your computer you will store many more file into C: drive. You need to keep your work

well organised so that you can quickly go to the files that you want. Files can be organised in the

folders. Folders can contain subfolders. One of the important folder is called Documents and is set up

by windows. This is where windows expects you to create your own folders and files to store your

work. For quick access files can be placed on Desktop. Below is an example of files and folder

saved on desktop.

Files and Folders Operations

In this topic you will learn how to create a folder and files of various Types. And also you will learn

other operations like save, copy and paste.

To create folder, make sure no file and folder is selected then press right button of the mouse, select

New then click on folder. It will create a folder with the name New Folder then type the name of the

folder you wish

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For instance open a Notepad and Paint program to see the parts of a window. The steps are as

follows:

Click on start button All programs Accessories Notepad

Title Bar

Click here to minimize, Restore

Down and close a window

Menu Bar

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Type My uniiversity life

Paint program

Click on start button All programs Accessories Paint

To Save a Notepad file

Click on File in menu bar

Click on Save As

Click on Desktop on left hand side of

the dialogue box

Write About me in the file name box

Then click on save

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Title Bar: Title Bar displays the name of the file.

Menu Bar: Displays the options like File, Edit, etc. clicking on it produces the menu list.

Clicking on this button disappears this window and the icon is displayed on the task bar but

the application is running at the back ground.

Home and view are called

TabPaint Button

To save a Paint program file

Click on Paint Button

Click on Save as

Select any of the followingformats as shown in the picture.

Click on Desktop on left hand

side of the dialogue box.

Specify the name of the file as

MyPicture

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Clicking on this button restores the window on to the screen.

Clicking on this button closes the application

Clicking on paint button displays th elist of various command like New, Open, Save

and Save As etc.

Home and View are called Tabs. Groups of commands are placed under each

Tab.

Rename a folder/file

Select a folder/file Click right button of the mouse Click on rename Type new name Press enter key on the key board

Copy a folder/file

Select a folder/file Click right button of the mouse Click on Copy Select drive/folder where you want paste Click right button of the mouse Click on Paste

Delete folder/file

Select a folder/file Click right button of the mouse Click on Delete

Types of files:

Windows recognises many different types of files. The type depends on in which application the file

has been created. Below are someof the examples of common file types identified by their extensionor by the icon.

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File Extension File Type

.txt A text file

.bmp Bit Map File

.docx MS-Word file

.xlsx MS-Excel file

.Zip or .rar A compressed file

.pdf A portable Document Format file

.htm A web page file

Files Searching

To quickly locate the files on your computer you can use the search facility.we will look for the file

called Abdullah.docx which is located some where in D drive.

Double Click on the Drive D: At top right you will see Search Box Type the name of the file Abdullah.docx

Wild cards

If you remember only the part of the file name you can use wild cards in place of characters to

search files. The wild card ? represent a single character, and * represents any number of characters.

So, for example, instead of typing full file name you could type *.docx to find all the files which has

extension .docx. or Type ab*.docx to see all the files starting with ab and has extension .docx.

Compressing files

Compressing or zipping reduces the size of the files or folders so

that sending and receiving on the network becomes faster. There

are number of programs to zip or compress to name a few WinZip,

rar and compressed. To compress a file or folder

Select a file/folder Click right button of the mouse Click on Add to name of the folder/file.rar

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Decompressing files

Decompressing or unzip gives you your folder/file in its original form. To unzip or decompress

Select .zip/.rar file Click right button of the mouse Click on extract to name of the file

Formatting Disks or Removable media

Before a new disk can be used it must be formatted into addressable sectors. Diskettes are made to be

usable in more than one kind of computer. Manufacturers produce diskettes unformatted, leaving it

to customers to format them for the particular computer on which they are to be used.

Disks such as Floppy, partitions of hard disks, CD/DVD and USB can be formatted, if required.

Below is the picture to format a Removable disk (USB).

Burn a CD or DVD in Windows Media Center

You can burn many different types of CDs and DVDs in Windows Media Center. This lets you

decide what type of DVD or CD you want to create, based on how and what you want to use to playthe content after it is burned to a disc.

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The following image shows burn CD/DVD selected in Tasks.

The burn cd/dvd option is selectedYou can archive digital media files, such as music, pictures, and videos, to a CD or DVD inWindows Media Center to play back on another computer. When burning this type of disc, called adata DVD ordata CD, the digital media files are not converted to another file format before they are

burned to the DVDthey are simply copied to the CD or DVD in their original format.

1. Start Windows Media Center. Insert a recordable CD or DVD into your CD or DVD burner.2. Click the Burn a CD or DVD notification that appears in Windows Media Center or, on the

start screen, scroll to Tasks, and then clickburn cd/dvd.

3. Depending on the type of recordable disc that you insert into the burner, on the Select DiscFormat screen, click eitherData CD orData DVD, and then clickNext.

4. Using the keyboard, type a name for your DVD or CD, and then clickNext.5. On the Select Media screen, click the first type of digital media file that you want to add to the

CD or DVD, and then clickNext.

6. Click the TV show, other videos, music, or pictures that you want to add to your disc so that acheck mark appears on the selected digital media files, and then clickNext.

7. If you want to add more files to the disc, on the Review & Edit List screen, clickAdd More.8. Repeat steps 5-7 until you have added all the digital media files to the disc that you want to burn.9. After you have added all the files that you want to burn, on the Review & Edit List screen, click

Burn DVD orBurn CD.

10.In the Initiating Copy notification, clickYes.11.After the disc is burned, in the Completing Disc Creation notification, clickDone.

Add a printerTo connect or add a printer to the computer, click on Devices and Printer from Start Menu. Youwill get the following window.

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Click on Add a printer command and you will get a dialog box as the follows asking to identify thetype of printer you want to add, a local printer or a network, wireless or Bluetooth printer.

Click on the option which is available to you and follow up the instructions which can help you toconnect the printer.

Add (install)/ Remove (uninstall) programsAdd (install) Programs:Most of the program stored in the CDs, auto run option is available on and the installation processstarted just when you inserted the CD in CD ROM drive. In this case just follow up the driven menu

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shown in the screen add select the desired option for installing the program or the application onyour machine.In case the auto run option is not available, and you want to install the program in your machine, youcan follow the following steps:- Browse the content of the CD or the folder where the program you want to install is stored.- Look for a file name Setup orInstall with the .exe extension.- Double click on this file name.- And, follow up the instructions which displayed on the setup windows and select the suitable

option until the installation process finish.

Remove (Uninstall Programs):To remove or uninstall any program, click on Control Panel from Start menu, select Program andFeatures and click on uninstall command as shown on the follow windows. You will get a dialog

boxes with instructions and some options, follow up these instruction and select the suitable optionuntil the uninstallation process finish. Sometimes you will need to restart the machine in order toremove all related files and registration for this program or application.

Getting help

At some point, you're likely to run into a computer problem or task that's confusing. To figure it out,you need to know how to get the right help.

Using Windows Help and SupportWindows Help and Support is the built-in help system for Windows. It's a place to get quick answersto common questions, suggestions for troubleshooting, and instructions for how to do things. To

open Windows Help and Support, click the Start button , and then click Help and Support.

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Search HelpThe fastest way to get help is to type a word or two in the search box. For example, to getinformation about wireless networking, type wireless network, and then press ENTER. A list ofresults appears, with the most useful results shown at the top. Click one of the results to read thetopic.

Search box in Windows Help and Support

If you're connected to the Internet, your searches can include new Help topics and the latest versionsof existing topics from the Windows Online Help and Support website. To learn how to get these

updates, see Get the latest Help content.

Browse HelpYou can browse Help topics by subject. Click theBrowse Help button, and then click an item in the listof subject headings that appears. Subject headings cancontain Help topics or other subject headings. Click aHelp topic to open it, or click another heading to digdeeper into the subject list.

Browsing Help topics by subject

Getting help with a programAlmost every program comes with its own built-in Help system.

To open a program's Help system:

On the Help menu of the program, click the first item in the list, such as "View Help," "HelpTopics," or a similar phrase. (This text will vary.)

or

Press F1. This function key opens Help in almost any program.

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Using resources on the webThe web contains a vast amount of information, so there's a good chance that the answer to yourquestion lies somewhere in those billions of webpages. A general search of the web, then, is a good

place to start your quest. For more information, see "Searching the web" in Exploring the Internet.

If you don't find what you need using a general search, consider searching websites that focus onWindows or computer problems. Here are four good places to look:

Windows Online Help and Support. This website provides an online version of all Help topics inthis version of Windows, plus instructional videos, in-depth columns, and other useful

information. (Go to Windows Online Help and Support.)

Microsoft Help and Support. Discover solutions to common problems, how-to topics,troubleshooting steps, and the latest downloads. (Go to the Microsoft Help and Support website.)

Microsoft Knowledge Base. Search a huge database of articles with detailed solutions to specificproblems and computer errors. (Go to the Microsoft Knowledge Base website.)

Microsoft TechNet. This site includes resources and technical content for information technologyprofessionals. (Go to the Microsoft TechNet website.)

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Exercise1

1. List the secondary storage devices connected to your computer.Ans:________________________________________________________________

2. Display the contents of C:3. Display the contents of Flash drive.4. Create a folderExercise on the Desktop.5. Create three folders Muscat, Nizwa andSalalah inside Exercise folder.6. Use Note pad, create a text file and type Salalah is approximately 1000 km away from Muscat.

Save it as Distance inside the folder Salalah.

7. Use paint and do the following:a. Draw a smiley face, fill it up with yellow color.

b. Type the text using text tool im happy during khareef festival.c. Save it in Bmp format with the name Khareefin the folder Muscat.

8. Use MS-Word to create a file and type Muscat festival is one of the popular social festival inthe Gulf, save it as MuscatFest in the folderMuscat.

9. Open MuscatFest type the symbols as shown = { 1,2 } : \ $ % & # /, below the existingtext and save as SpecialText in the folderExercise.

10.Copy only the smiley face from the file Khareefto MuscatFest, below the text and save it.11.Copy all the special symbols from file SpecialText to the paint file Khareef and save it.12.Open SpecialText then save as SpecialText.PDF.13.Match the following programs to their file extension.

MS-word . xlsx

Note Pad .bmp

Paint(Bit Map) . txt

MS-Excel .docx

File Manipulation:1. Rename the folderExercise to Your Id.2. Move Muscat\khareef.bmp to folderSalalah.3. Copy SpecialText.pdffile in the folderMuscat.4. Delete Nizwa folder.5.

Close all folder and files from this exercise and compress your id folder using WinZip or .rar

program.

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Exercise 2

1. Create the following structure of the folders and subfolders as shown in the picture.

2. Using MS-word, create a file and type How are you ? # % & [ ] ^ { } as shown with indouble quotes and all symbols in same order. Save it as YourHealth in the folderYourName.

3. Using Notepad, create a file and type this is my Practice. Save this file in the folder Name ofyour college.

4. Create a file using paint, Draw a picture as shown below and save the file as FirstDrawing. inthe folderYourName.

5. Copy the only circle from file FirstDrawing into the word file YourHealth. Save it asFirstHealth in the folderYourName.

6. Open file FirstHealth save it in Pdfformat as MyFirstHealth in the folder FP-IT.7. Copy YourHealth fileinto the folder YourSection.8. Create a folderHappyHome in the folderYourSection.9. Copy the folderHappyHome to YourName folder.10.Close all the files and folders, Compress yourid folder using rar program.

U0 Your Id

Your section

Name of your college

FP-IT YourName

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Chapter Three:

Word Processing using Microsoft Word 2010

Topics:

Formatting Documents Controlling page layouts Working with tables and pictures Printing Documents Microsoft Word Environment Starting Microsoft Word 2010 File Extension: Screen Layout Save a Document Working with Text Find and Replace Microsoft Word Help Changing measurements Exercises
http://www.fgcu.edu/support/office2000/word/files.htmlhttp://www.fgcu.edu/support/office2000/word/files.htmlhttp://www.fgcu.edu/support/office2000/word/files.html

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Introduction to Microsoft Word

Microsoft Word is a powerful tool to create professional documents, letters, applications, memos etc.

Microsoft Word Environment

Starting Microsoft Word 2010:

Two Ways

1. Double click on the Microsoft Word icon on the desktop.

2. Click on Start -->All Programs --> Microsoft Office --> Microsoft Word 2010

File Extension:

File extension of MS Word 2010 is .docx

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Screen Layout:

Document View:

Print Layout:View the document as it will appear on the printed page.

Full Screen Reading:View the document in full screen reading view in order to maximize the space available for readingor commenting on the document.

Web Layout:View the document as it would look as Web page.

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Outline:View the document as an outline and show the outlining tools.

Draft:View the document as a draft to quickly edit the text.

Working with Files

Create a New Document Click the File Menu --> New --> Blank document --> Create Press CTRL+N (depress the CTRL key while pressing "N") on the keyboard.Open an Existing Document

Click the File Menu --> Open Click the File Menu --> Openbutton Press CTRL+O on the keyboard.Each method will show the Open dialog box. Choose the file and click the Open button.

Switching between/among documents:Move the pointer on taskbar, MS Word icon and all the opened MS Word files will appear in a smallscreen. Moving the pointer on the required file will switch the cursor in it.
http://www.fgcu.edu/support/office2000/word/files.htmlhttp://www.fgcu.edu/support/office2000/word/files.htmlhttp://www.fgcu.edu/support/office2000/word/files.html

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Save a Document

Click the Save button on the Quick Access Toolbar --> Select File Menu --> Save Press CTRL+S on the keyboard.Other saving options are: Save As (or Function Key: F12)

(Save As option is used to save the existing file at another location with the same name or samelocation with another name, or with another application and extension)

Working with TextTyping and Inserting Text

To insert the text, type from key board and as a result the text will appear on the screen, at thelocation of blinking cursor. Right, left, up or down arrow keys (buttons) can be used to move the

cursor or we can also use the left button of the mouse. Following shortcuts are helpful for themovement of cursor.

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Move Action KeystrokeBeginning of the line HOME

End of the line ENDTop of the document CTRL+HOMEEnd of the document CTRL+END

Selecting TextIf you want to change the attributes of the text, it should be highlighted. Drag the mouse over therequired text and keep the left mouse button, pressed. Or hold down the SHIFT key from the key

board and use the arrow key (left, right, up or down) to select the desired text. Following shortcutsare helpful for the selection of a portion of text:

Selection Technique

Whole word double-click within the word

Whole paragraph triple-click within the paragraph

Several words orlines

drag the mouse over the words, or hold down SHIFT while usingthe arrow keys

Entire document choose Home Menu--> Select -->Select All or press CTRL+A

Deselect the text by clicking anywhere outside of the selection on the page or press any arrow key onthe keyboard.

Deleting TextThere are two keyboard keys (BACKSPACE and DELETE) to delete the text. Backspace key isused to delete the text to the left of the cursor and Delete key is used to delete the text from the right

of cursor. If you want to delete a large amount of text, highlight the text and press the DELETE keyto delete the text.

Undo

We can undo our last action by clicking the Undo button on the

Quick Access Toolbar--> (Shortcut Key: Ctrl + Z)

Repeat

Repeat (Redo) is the opposite ofUndo. You Redo your last action by clicking the Repeat button on

the Quick Access Toolbar --> (Shortcut Key: Ctrl + Y)

Moving (Cutting) Text

Select the text that you want to move and click the Cut button on the Home menu , or pressCTRL+X from the Keyboard. This will move the selected text to the clipboard and will disappear

the text from the word file.

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Copying Text

Select the text that you want to copy and click the Copy button on the Home Menu , or pressCTRL+C to copy the text to the clipboard.

Paste Text

Move the cursor to the required place where you want to move the text and then click the Paste

button on the Home Menu , or press CTRL+V.

Find and ReplaceFind and Replace is a feature of Microsoft Word 2010 that will search your documents for thespecific text, entered by you, that can be highlighted or can be replaced with text or formatting.

Accessing the Find Dialog BoxTo find some text, first of all you have to click the Find Button, and as a result you will getNavigation dialog box, where you can enter your search criteria.

From the Home Menu, clickFIND

OR

Press [Ctrl] + [F]Accessing the Find and Replace Dialog Box

Replacing Text

We can replace the existing, specific text in the document with the specific, desired text.

From the Home Menu, clickREPLACEORPress [Ctrl] + [H]

As a result, Find and Replace dialog box will appear, where you can enter the Find what andReplace with text.

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Changing the measurement units:(Inches, Centimeters, Millimeters, Points, Picas)

Step1). File Options

Step2). AdvancedDisplay

(Step 1)

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Microsoft Word Help

We can use the MS Word Help feature to get the help on MS Word issues. Use the help feature and typethe following searchDescriptions of SmartArt graphics and have a look on it.

ClickHelpbutton( )OR

Press F1 Key

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(Exercise 1)

1. Type the following in new document:2. Apply the text font Arian Rounded MT Bold, size 123. Save the document on the desktop with the name Wordfile.docx

OR: Save the document at the location, given by your instructor

4. Close the file Wordfile.docx5. Open the file Wordfile.docx, again6. Add the title Word Exercise7. Apply the bullets and Numbering8. Format the bullets color to green9. Color the bulleted list in Orange and main title in Dark Red10. Copy the second paragraph to the end of file (Copy and paste)11. Delete the bulleted item Modem12. Save your work, close the document and exit Microsoft Word.

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13. Assignment (Complete it, before next lecture):Type the following text (Font: Castellar 15). Save the file with the name Assignment.docx

E-Learning

E-learning services have evolved since computers were first used in education. There is a trend tomove toward blended learning services, where computer-based activities are integrated with practicalor classroom-based situations.

Bates and Poole (2003) and the OECD (2005) suggested that different types or forms of e-learningcan be considered as a continuum, from no e-learning, i.e. no use of computers and/or the Internet forteaching and learning, through classroom aids, such as making classroom lecture PowerPoint slidesavailable to students through a course web site or learning management system, to laptop programs,where students are required to bring laptops to class and use them as part of a face-to-face class, tohybrid learning, where classroom time is reduced but not eliminated, with more time devoted toonline learning, through to fully online learning, which is a form of distance education.

It can be seen then that e-learning can describe a wide range of applications, and it is often by nomeans clear even in peer reviewed research publications which form of e-learning is being discussed.However, Bates and Poole argue that when instructors say they are using e-learning, this most oftenrefers to the use of technology as classroom aids, although over time, there has been a gradualincrease in fully online learning.

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(Exercise 2)

1. Start Windows2. Start Microsoft Word3. Open the file Assignment.docx (Question 12, Last Exercise)4. Practice the Print Layout, Full Screen Reading, Web Layout, Outline, Draft and understandthe difference (Use View Menu)5. Change the measurement unit and set it to Millimeters

(File MenuWord options Advanced Display)6. Practice the options View Ruler, Gridlines and Zoom options.7. Change the text font to Comic Sans MS size 11

8. Delete any empty line in the document9. Main Title Format: Font Size 14, Bold, Italic, Underline and Centered.10. Paragraph 1 Formats: Set the line spacing of the text to Double

Icon Home Menu --> Line and Paragraph Spacing Icon: ( )OR (Use Home Menu Paragraph (Show Dialog Box Button) Line Spacing)OR Page Layout Menu Paragraph (Show Dialog Box Button) Line Spacing)

Line and Paragraph Spacing

Show Paragraph

dialog box

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(Figure 10.1)OR

(Figure 2 of Page)

Indentation: Left & Right: 0.4 Inch.(Page layout--> Paragraph dialog box button-->Indentation) OR (Iconic options--> Figure 2 of

Page)

Paragraph Spacing: Before 12 Point - After: 30 Point(Page layout--> Paragraph dialog box button-->Indentation) OR (Iconic options--> Figure 2 Page)

Line Spacing: 24 Point(Line Spacing --> At least --> 24 Point)

11. Paragraph 2 Formats Alignment --> Right Paragraph Spacing --> 18 Point Indentation-->First Line --> 0.75 Inch (Indentation --> Special --> First Line)

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12. Paragraph 3 Formats Alignment --> Centered Indentation-->Hanging --> 0.9 Inch (Indentation --> Special --> Hanging) Paragraph Spacing--> After: 22 Point

Paragraph 3 Border: Setting: 3D, Style: , Color: Orange, Width:

(Figure 17.1) (Figure 17.2)13. Page Setup (Page Layout--> Page Setup) Bottom Margin : 1.3 Inch Top Margin: 1.4 Inch Left Margin: 1.4 Inch Right Margin: 1.5 Inch Orientation: Landscape Paper Size: A5 Gutter: 0.5 Inch Gutter Position: Top14. Water Mark: Welcome to SQU15. Page Color: Aqua, Accent 5, Lighter 60%16. Style: Any17. Page Border: --> Setting: Box, Style: Any, Color: Green, Width:

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18. Perform the Word Count.(Review Menu--> Word Count) Icon:

19. Perform a Spelling and Grammar checking to the document.(Review Menu: Spelling and Grammar)

20. Search for the word online and replace it with word electronic21. Search for the text E-Learning and replace it with the same text, formatted in:Font Color: GreenUnderline style: Double LineUnderline Color: Light BlueEffects: Strikethrough22. Add a page number to your documentPosition: Bottom of the Page (Accent Bar 3)(Insert Menu--> Page Number)

23. Add header to the document, showing the phrase Online Learning at the right and yourname and SQU-ID at left (e.g. Ahmad-u93211).(Insert Menu--> Header)

24. Add footer to the document, showing the time at the left side and Date at the rightside.(Insert Menu--> Header)

25. Add four footnotes to the document: (Use: References Menu--> Insert Footnote)Position Mark Text

End of Title 1 Electronic Education through computer

Blended: First Paragraph 2 Combination of face to face and online learning

End of 2n Paragraph No area limitation for the learner

End of 3rd Paragraph 4 All the learning process through computer

26. Delete the footnote with mark 2.

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27. Apply Superscript and Subscript to the following text:3Y

4+ 92X7 + 44N

2- 82Y2

Use: ShortcutsSuperscript: Ctrl + Shift + =Subscript: Ctrl + =

28. Format the first letter of the second paragraph --> Drop Cap with lines to drop = 4.

(Use: Insert Menu--> Drop Cap) Icon ( )

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29. Split text of the third paragraph into three columns and insert a line between the columns.

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(Exercise 3)1) Start Microsoft Word2) Insert the following table in a new fileStudents Table (SQU)

Student# Name Subject General

93445Salim

Computer

93446 Ahmad Data Structure

93447 Nauman

InteriorDesign

93448 Usman Algorithms

93449 Shakeel ArtificialIntelligence

93449 Badar Java

General

Manager

Manager 1

Assistant

Manager

Manager 2 Manager 3

0

20

40

60

80

100

Ahmad

Ali

Salim

Abdullah

English

I.T.

Mathematics

Welcome

Height: 1.04

Width: 1.39

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3) Format the table title, font face = Calibri, size 17, bold and underlined.4) Format the table text, font face = Batang in bold, Green color. 5) Format the text of the first row in italic and dark red color.6) Apply Shading to the 2nd column of the table with color = Aqua, Accent 5, Patterns

(Style) 5% and color= Dark Blue.

OR

7) Insert a new row to the end of the table:93451 Jamel Oracle

8) Insert a new column before the table:Serial#

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

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9) Set the height of third row to 35 point.10) Set the width of column 1 to 1 Inch.

11) Copy the table on the next page12) Delete the second table13) Insert the following Textbox at the right side of the table, created in Q 2).

Shadow Effects

Drop Shadow

Shadow Style 1 Shape Outline BlueWeight 3 pt

Shape Fill Olive Green, Accent 3, Lighter 40%

(InsertMenu: )

Sultanate of

Omanis an Arab

country in

southwest Asia

on the southeast

coast of the

Arabian

Peninsula. It is

bordered by the

United Arab

Emirates on the

northwest, Saudi

Arabia on the

west and Yemen

on the

southwest. The

coast is formed

by the Arabian

Sea on the

southeast and the

Gulf of Oman on

the northeast.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Countryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southwest_Asiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabian_Peninsulahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabian_Peninsulahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Arab_Emirateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Arab_Emirateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yemenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabian_Seahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabian_Seahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulf_of_Omanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulf_of_Omanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabian_Seahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabian_Seahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yemenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Arab_Emirateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Arab_Emirateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabian_Peninsulahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabian_Peninsulahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southwest_Asiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Countryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab

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14) Insert following equations using Equation Editor: (InsertMenu: )

( )

a=[ ] and

15) Insert the following symbols: (InsertMenu: )

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16)Insert Endnote with the following text End of Microsoft Word 2010 (FoundationProgram, SQU)

17)Print 20 copies of the last page using an Attached Default Printer and 20 copies using theNetwork Printer:

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Chapter Four:

Spreadsheets using Microsoft Excel 2010

Objectives:This module will introduce the students the basic features of Microsoft Excel 2010 and itsenvironment. During the discussion the students will learn how to create, save and open a workbook.They also practice to navigate within the workbook by moving, selecting data and entering data inthe worksheet. They can learn using some basic features of Excel by moving, copying, and pastingcells, Undo and Redo, data AutoFill and getting Help.

What is Spreadsheet?Spreadsheet is a computer application that helps in processing of tabular information usually

numbers. There are vertical columns and horizontal rows. A cell is where the column and rowintersect. A cell can contain data and can be used in calculations of data within the spreadsheet.Spreadsheet can contain workbooks and worksheets. The workbook is the holder for relatedworksheets. Microsoft Excel is a spreadsheet program in the Microsoft Office system.You can use Excel to create and format workbooks (a collection of spreadsheets) in order to analyzedata and make more informed business decisions. Specifically, you can use Excel to track data, buildmodels for analyzing data, write formulas to perform calculations on that data, pivot the data innumerous ways, and present data in a variety of professional looking charts. Common uses ofspreadsheet like: accounting, budgeting, billing and sales, reporting, planning, tracking, usingcalendars.

Microsoft Excel 2010 Environment

Row

Headings Worksheet

Quick

Access

Toolbar

Tabs

Ribbons

Name Box

Column

Headings

Sheet TabCellStatus Bar Gridlines

Workbook Show/Hide Ribbon

Active

Cell

Formula Bar

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Worksheet: is the grid of cells where you can type the data. The grid divides your worksheet intorows and columns. A worksheet in Excel 2010 consists of 16,384 columns and over 1 million rows.The worksheets in turn are grouped together into a workbook. By default each workbookin Excel2010 contains 3 blank worksheets, which are identified by tabs displaying along the bottom of yourscreen. By default the first worksheet is called Sheet1, the next is Sheet2 and so on as shown here.

Quick Access Toolbar: A small toolbar on top of the screen next to the Excel logo containsshortcuts for some of the most common commands such as Save, Undo, and Redo buttons.The commands are groups into range of Tabs, and then into various Groups within each Tab.Different Tabs contain the command buttons for different functions. Sometimes the Tab will changeautomatically depending on the current tasks, sometimes it will need to be changed manually to findrequired command.

Name box: Displays the address of the current active cell where you work in the worksheet.

Formula bar: Displays the address of the active cell on the left edge, and it also shows you the

current cells contents.

Columns: are identified with letters (A, B, C, and so on), while Rows are identified with numbers (1,2, 3, and so on).

Active Cell: The active cell has the dark border and the column and row indicators are colored.

Cell: is identified intersection of each column and row. Each cell has its own unique cell address,which includes both the column letter and the row number. For example, C5 is the address of a cellin column C (the third column), and row 5 (the fifth row).

Sheet Tabs: Excel 2010 contains 3 blank worksheet tabs by default. Click on the intended tab willgo to the particular worksheet.

Status bar: Reports information about the worksheet and provides shortcuts for changing the views(Normal, Page Layout and Page Break) and the zoom (dragging the slider to change).

Gridlines: The vertical and horizontal grids that you see when opening the Excel worksheet. Youcan set to turn it off if you want.

Ribbon: A combination of old versions menu bar and toolbar, arranged into a series of tabs ranging

from File through View. Each tab contains buttons, lists, and commands. A contextual tab is aspecial tab that offers extra commands.

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Commonly utilized features are displayed onthe Ribbon. To view additional features withineach group, click the arrow at the bottom rightcorner of each group.

File: This tab replaces the Office Button in Excel 2007. Use this tab to do things such as opening,saving, printing files and so on.

Home: Use this tab when creating, formatting, and editing a spreadsheet. Insert: Use this tab when adding particular elements (including graphics, table, PivotTables,

charts, hyperlinks, headers and footers) to a spreadsheet.

Page Layout: Use this tab when preparing a spreadsheet for printing or reordering graphics onthe sheet (including changing theme, setting margins, graphic orientations).

Formulas: Use this tab when adding formulas and functions to a spreadsheet or checking aworksheet for formula errors.

Data: Use this tab when importing, querying, outlining, and subtotaling the data placed into aworksheets data list.

Review: Use this tab when proofing, protecting, and marking up a spreadsheet for review byothers.

View: Use this tab when changing the display of the Worksheet area and the data it contains.

Getting Started with Excel

Excel 2010 offers a wide range of customizable options that allow you to make Excel work the bestfor you.

To access these customizable options Click the File Tab Click Excel Options

General

These features allow you topersonalize your workenvironment with the mini

toolbar, color schemes, defaultoptions for new workbooks,customize sort and fill sequencesuser name and allow you toaccess the Live Previewfeature. The Live Previewfeature allows you to preview theresults of applying design andformatting changes withoutactually applying it

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Formulas

This feature allows you to modify calculationoptions, working with formulas, error checking,

and error checking rules.

Proofing

This feature allows you personalize howword corrects and formats your text. Youcan customize auto correction settings andhave word ignore certain words or errorsin a document through the Custom

Dictionaries.

Save

This feature allows you personalize howyour workbook is saved. You can specifyhow often you want auto save to run andwhere you want the workbooks saved.

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Advanced

This feature allows you to specify optionsfor editing, copying, pasting, printing,

displaying, formulas, calculations, andother general settings.

Customize

Customize allows you to add features tothe Quick Access Toolbar. If there aretools that you are utilizing frequently, youmay want to add these to the Quick

Access Toolbar.

Getting Help

Type text at the Search Box and press Enter tosearch a topic.

Click this icon at the top right

section of Excel environment or

Press F1 to your keyboard to

Open the Excel Help window.

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WORKING WITH WORKBOOK

Creating a New Workbook

To create a new workbook Click the File TabSelect NewChoose Blank DocumentClickCreateIcon.

If you want to create a new workbook from a Template, explore the templates and choose one thatfits your needs.

You can also create a new workbook using the Quick Access Tool Bar.

Saving the Workbook

To save a worksheet Click the File TabClickSave.You may need to use the Save As feature when you need to save a workbook under a different nameor to save it for earlier versions of Excel.Remember that older versions of Excel will not be able toopen an Excel 2007 worksheet unless you save it as an Excel 97-2003 Format.

To use the Save As feature Click the File TabClickSave AsType in the name for theWorkbook In the Save as Type box.

You can also create a new workbook using the Quick Access Tool Bar.

Opening a Workbook

To open an existing workbook Click the File Tab Select Open from the MenuBrowse to theworkbook Choose the title of the workbook you want to open ClickOpen Button.

Navigating Around the Worksheet

The Active Cell is a single cell currently selected with a dark outline with a small square in the lowerright-hand corner called thefill handle. There are several ways to select a particular cell as the activecell:

click on it with the mouse (left button);

press the arrow (,,,) keys; move the horizontal&/orvertical sliders, then click on it;

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press thePage Down andPage Up keys, then click on it;Some other moves that can be used:

Home key; Ctrl-Home key combination;

Ctrlkey in combination with one of the arrow keys; Pressing theEndkey (once, briefly) sets the End mode, and following that with a press

of one of the arrow keys again moves the active;

Double clicking on one of the borders of the active cell

press the Ctrl-go r(F5) key (the Go To key) and enterthe cell address on the Reference section of the Go

To Dialog Box

Entering Data

To enter data in an active cellClick in the cell where you wantthe data to be entered Begin typing

To enter data into the Formula BarClick the cellwhere you would like the data to be entered Placethe cursor in the Formula Bar Type in the data

The TEXT is aligned within the cell to the Left. The NUMBERis aligned within the cell to the

Right.

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MANIPULATING DATA

Selecting Data

To select a cell of data Click the cell.

To select a block of cells Select a small, rectangular block of cells, e.g. the block defined by cellsB2 and J6, called cells B2:J6 in spreadsheet terminology.

Click on cell B2 Hold down the ShiftkeyClick on cell J6 or;

Click and Drag the cursor from cell B2 to cell J6.

To select a row or column Click the Row Header orColumn Header

Moving, Cutting, Copying, Pasting Cells

To copy and pastea data Select a cell that you wish to copy Click Copy on the ClipboardGroup of the Home Tab or (Press CtrlC) Select the cell(s) where you would like to paste thedata ClickPaste on the Clipboard Group of the Home Tab or (Press CtrlV).

To cut and paste a data Select the cell(s) that you wish to cut ClickCut on the ClipboardGroup of the Home Tab or (Press Ctrl-X) Select the cell(s) where you would like to copy thedata ClickPaste on the Clipboard Group of the Home Tab or (Press CtrlV).

To move a selected data Drag it to a new location of the cell or from one row or column to another.

Column Header

Row Header

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Auto Fill

The Auto Fill feature fills cell data or series of data in a worksheet into a selected range of cells. Ifyou want the same data copied into the other cells, you only need to complete one cell. If you wantto have a series of data (for example, months of the year) fill in the first two cells in the series and

then use the auto fill feature. To use the Auto Fill feature:

Click the Fill HandleDrag the Fill Handle to complete the cells

Undo and RedoTo undo or redothe most recent actions On the Quick Access Toolbar ClickUndo orRedo

Drag the AutoFill

Handle

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LABORATORY EXERCISE 1

Open the Excel file Navigation and do the following instructions.

1. What is the address ofactive cell?2. What is the data in cell C4?3. What is the data in cell J6?4. What is the address of the last column of the first row (Press Ctrl-)?5. How many rows are in an Excel worksheet (Press Ctrl-)?6. What is the cell address of the last (right-bottom) cell?7. Use the Ctrl-g key (or F5) to go to cell B7 Click Ctrl - twice. What is the data

in cell B63?8. Press Ctrl- once. What is the data in cell J34?9. Use the Ctrl-g key (or F5) to go to cell AE6. What is the data in this cell?10.With cell AE6 as yourActive Cell Press Home key. What is the address of the

active cell now?11.Move to cell B6 Press Ctrl- twice. What is the address of the active cell now?12.ClickEND quickly and then Press . What is the address of the active cell now?13.Press Ctrl-Home to go to cell A1 Enter yourfirst name in that cell Press

ENTERonce you are finished typing yourfirst name. What is the address of theactive cell?

14.Double-click on your first name. Add yourlast name after your first name. Click onyour name againDouble-click on your first name in the formula bar PressDELETE key to delete your first name Press DELETE key again to delete the

space before your last name Press ENTER to finish editing. What now is the datain cell A1? Delete the content of cell A1.

15.Use AutoFill to add the following text to cell A7: EMP_6 and A8: EMP_7.16.Edit the data in cell 7 EMP_6 to EMP_8.17.Add the following data to the cell:

C7-80.1 D7-99.10 E7-75.50 F7-90.00G7-80.90 H7-90.50 I7-80.15 J7-75.50

C8-85.1 D8-99.50 E8-79.50 F8-95.50G8-85.90 H8-95.10 I8-85.15 J8-85.50

18.Select cell range AE1:AE7.Cut and Paste to cell range K2:K8.19.Open Help window and search for the topic Create a Formula and copy and

pastethe sentence Formulas are equations that can perform calculations, returninformation, manipulate the contents of other cells, test conditions, and more. A

formula always starts with an equal sign (=) to cell A20. Close Help window.20.Save As the workbook using the following filename format: Navigation Result.

________

________________________________________

________________________

________

________

________

________

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WORKING WITH WORKSHEET

Objectives:

This module covers formatting cells and worksheets. The students gain knowledge in formattingcells like number formats, cell alignment, font format, border, fill color and merging of cells.Students can learn how to insert and delete cells, rows and columns and worksheet as well as changecolumn width and row height and hide and unhide rows and columns and worksheet.

Formatting Cells

There are several tabs on this dialog box that allow you to modify properties of the cell or cells.

Number: Allows for the display of different number types and decimal places Align