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TECHNICAL FABRICSBasalt Continuous FibersProperties Of Basalt Fiber

Basalt is a hard, dense, dark volcanic rock composed chiefly ofplagioclase, pyroxene, and olivine, and often having a glassyappearance. The name "basalt" is usually given to a wide variety ofdark-brown to black volcanic rocks, which form when molten lavafrom deep in the earth's crust rises up and solidifies. Basalt depositsfrequently cover areas on many thousands of square kilometers.Basalt differs from granite in being a fine-grained extrusive rock andhaving a higher content of Iron and Magnesium. The density ofbasalt rock is between 2.8 and 2.9 g/cm. It is also extremely hard -5 to 9 on Mho's scale. This gives basalt a superior abrasionresistance and casted basalt is often used as a paving and buildingmaterial. While the commercial applications of cast basalt have beenwell known for a long time, it is less known that basalt can be formedinto continuous fiber having unique mechanical and chemicalproperties.

Basalt Woven Fabrics

Property Unit Value

Weight [g/m] 750

Weave twill 3/1

Count [picks/dm] 119/78

Type of yarn [tex] 330

Physical Properties

Property Unit Value

Density g/cm 2.7

Thermal linearexpansion 0-300

ppm/deg C 8.0

Mechanical Properties

Property Unit Value

Tensile strength MPa 4840

Elastic modulus GPa 89

Elongation at break % 3.15

Chemical Analysis

Element %

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Page 1 of 2Basalt Continuous Fiber

23/10/2012http://www.albarrie.com/techfabrics/continuousfiber.aspx

7/28/2019 basalt properties

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SiO2 58.7

Al2O3 17.2

Fe2O3 10.3

MgO 3.82

CaO 8.04

Na2O 3.34

K2O 0.82

TiO2 1.16

P2O5 0.28

MnO 0.16

Cr2O3 0.06

Comparison Characteristics

Physical Properties

Property Unit Basalt E-Glass S-Glass

Density g/cm 2.7 2.57 2.48

Thermal Linear

Expansion 0-300C

ppm/C 8.0 5.4 2.9

Mechanical Properties

Property Unit Basalt E-Glass S-Glass

Tensile Strength MPa 4840 3450 4710

Elastic modulus GPa 89 77 89

Elongation at Break % 3.15 4.7 5.6

Basalt Fiber Laminates

Composite test panel was fabricated by resin transfer molding. Thepanel consisted of 5 plies of wide weave basalt fabric and theresulting composite was roughly equal to a [0/90] laminate. Theresin used was Shell EPON-862 with curing agent W. The fibervolume in the composite was approximately 44%.

Characteristics of Basalt Laminate

Width 24.9 mm 0.979"

Thickness 3.25 mm 0.126"

Failure Load 46.205 kN 10.126 lb

Ultimate Strength 578.8 MPa 83.95 kP.S.I.

Elastic modulus 33.94 GPa 4.92 MP.S.I.

Poisson's Ratio 0.193

Comparative Characteristics of Basalt and E-Glass Laminates

Quasi-isotropicComposite

Basalt Laminate E-Glass Laminate

Elastic modulus 34 GPa (4.9MP.S.I.)

17.2 GPa (2.5MP.S.I.)

Ultimate Strength 579 MPa (84kP.S.I.)

207 MPa (30 kP.S.I.)

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23/10/2012http://www.albarrie.com/techfabrics/continuousfiber.aspx