Barriers L2

8/7/2019 Barriers L2

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y What is COMMUNICATION?

Communication is a process by which you convey yourmessage to someone or a group of people.

y What is a BARRIER?

Any difficulty which partly or fully prevent any activityis called a barrier.


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y Wrong Choice of Medium.

y Physical Barrier.

y Emotional Barrier.

y Mechanical Barrier.

y Mental Barrier.

y Cross-Cultural Barrier.

y Perceptional Barrier.

y Interpersonal Barrier.

y Gender Barrier.


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y Each communication must be transmitted throughan appropriate medium.

yAn unsuitable medium can act as a barrier to theeffectiveness of a communication.


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Types of Physical Barriers:

y Environmental Disturbances.

y Time and Distance

y Inattentiveness

y Territory


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y Environmental Disturbances :

-Traffic nuisances, loud speakers, noise.

y Time and distance:

- Non-Availability of Telecom facilities etc.

y Inattentiveness


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y Territory:-Four distinct zones that people unconsciouslyused as they interact with others.

y Four Zones:-Vary greatly from culture to culture.-Intimate Lovers, family, or close friends

-Personal Talking at a party

-Social Interpersonal business clients-Public Supervisor talking employees


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y Intimate

y Touching

y 6-18

y Personal

y Close -1 to 2 feet

y Far - 2 to 4 feet

y Social

y Close 4-7 feet

y Far - 7-12 feet

y Public

y Close - 12-25 feet

y Far - 25 feet or greater


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y Reactions to an invasionof your space

y

Feel troubledy Get defensive

y Become aggressive

y Retaliate


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y Mechanical barriers are technical sources ofinterference in the communication process.

y We use different instruments and machines forcommunicating our messages.

y

Very often the selected medium itself becomes abarrier.


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Examples of Mechanical Barriers:-

y Noise.

y Transmission Interruption.

y Absence of Means.

y Power Failure.


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y Poor pronunciation.

y Confused thinking.

y Communication overload.

y Unnecessary repetitions.


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y Cultural ethnic, religious, and social differences.

y Traditions barring people of different cultures frommingling together.

y Barriers to membership of a group


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y Lack of common experience.

y LINGUISTIC Different languages and vocabulary.

y Lack Of Knowledge Of AnyLanguage


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y Overuse of abstractions.

y From The Receivers Side:

Interrupting the speaker.

Asking too many questions for the sake of probing.

y From The Senders Side:

Unclear messages.Incomplete sentences.No clarifications


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y Withdrawal Absence of interpersonal contact.

y Rituals Meaningless, repetitive routines devoid ofreal contact.

y Pastimes Activities that entertain us and keep usengaged in our free times


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y Women

-Prefer conversation for rapport building

-Want empathy, not solutions-Are more likely to compliment-Emphasize politeness-More conciliatory


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y Men

-Talk as a means to preserve independence and status by

displaying knowledge and skill-Work out problems on an individualized basis

-Are more directive in conversation-Are more intimidating-Call attention to their accomplishments-Tend to dominate discussions during meetings


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y It is comprised mainly of

-Fear

-Mistrust

-Suspicion.

y Some caution may be:

-wise in certain relationships-excessive fear of what others might think of us


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y TenRules for Good Listening

Rule Reasoning Behind theRule

y 1. Stop talking You cannot listen if you are talking.

y 2. Put the person at ease Help a person feel free to talk;create a permissive environment.

y 3. Show the person you Look and act interested; listen to

want to listen understand, not to oppose.

y 4.Remove distractions Dont doodle, tap, or shuff lepapers; shut the door if necessary

to achieve quiet


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Rule

y Empathize

y Be patient

y Hold your temper

Reasoning Behind theRule

y Try to see the other personspoint of view.

y Allow plenty of time; do notinterrupt; dont start for thedoor or walk away.

y

An angry person takes thewrong

meaning from words


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Rule

y Go easy on argument

y Ask questions

y Stop talking

Reasoning Behind theRule

y Dont put people on thedefensive and criticism andcause them to clam up orbecome angry; do not argue

even if you win, you lose.

y This encourages a personand shows that you arelistening; it helps to developpoints further.

y This is first and last, becauseall other guides depend onit; you cannot listeneffectively while you aretalking.


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Documents

Barriers L2