i

BARINGO COUNTY

2020 SHORT RAINS FOOD AND NUTRITION SECURITY ASSESSMENT REPORT

A joint report by the Kenya Food Security Steering Group and

Baringo County Steering Group

February 2021

i

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Food security assessments are carried out twice a year by the Kenya Food Security Steering Group

(KFSSG) and technical government departments of the County Steering Group (CSG). The 2020

short rains assessment in Baringo County was conducted from 18th -29th January, 2021 with the

overall goal of developing an objective, evidence-based and transparent food security situation

analysis following the performance of 2020 short rains. The assessment was also to take into

consideration the cumulative effects of previous seasons and provide recommendations for

possible response options based on the situation analysis.

The onset of the OND was normal and took place in the first dekad of October resulting in an

average amount of 206 mm of rainfall against a normal of 180mm. Both spatial and temporal

distribution of the rains was poor with the peak of the season being observed in the second dekad

of October while cessation of the season was earlier than normal (first dekad of December).

COVID-19 -19 restrictions were still in place which hampered smooth flow of goods and services,

but the most affected were the health and education sectors. The County experienced insecurity

challenges in parts of Tiaty Sub County which led to disruption of markets and other essential

services and currently there is a major security operation going on to restore law and order.

Livestock disease cases were minimal while lake waters are still high causing displacements and

submerging of land. Area under maize acreage reduced for both rain fed and irrigated agriculture

while yield from rain fed agriculture was less than 60 percent of Long-Term Average (LTA) due

to early rainfall cessation. Household stocks were 20 percent above LTA due to carry over from

long rains harvest while forage conditions were good in all livelihood zones except in the pastoral

areas where it’s poor to fair. Livestock body condition was good for all the species across the

livelihood zones other than in pastoral areas where body condition for cattle was fair. Milk

production was below LTA across the County and consumption was near normal, the prices of

milk were above the LTA. Tropical livestock units were below the LTA with livestock disease

outbreak being minimal. Main water sources were at normal capacities, the access distances to

water points remained normal other than in pastoral areas where trekking distances were above

LTA. Waiting time at water points and water consumption were normal across the County.

About 73 percent of the households had acceptable food consumption score while another 25

percent had borderline food consumption score, the coping strategy index (CSI) stands at 12.47

with Agro pastoral livelihood zone having the highest CSI at 16.6. Adult morbidity was on a

declining trend compared to the last three years and the three most common diseases reported were

malaria, diarrhoea and typhoid although the reported cases were lower than in 2019. COVID-19 -

19 impacted heavily on Vitamin A immunization coverage leading to low coverage compared to

the year 2019. Latrine coverage and hand washing practices were reported to be lowest in pastoral

areas at three and two percent respectively but highest in the mixed farming livelihood zone at 78

and 69 percent respectively. According to SMART survey of 2019, malnutrition was highest in

Tiaty Sub County at 20.9 percent (GAM), 9.3 percent (SAM) and 40.1 percent for stunting while

malnutrition by MUAC in December showed 95 percent of the children not being malnourished.

There was a reduction in enrolment for term II compared to term I in both primary and secondary

schools and this was due to COVID-19 related issues that took place while students were at home

such as teen pregnancies, circumcision ceremonies among others. Nearly 5,700 girls did not report

back to school of which 70 percent of the cases could be due to pregnancies. About 73 percent of

all the students in primary schools are under school feeding programs. The indicative phase of

food security classification is Stressed (IPC Phase 2).

ii

Table of Contents

Executive Summary i Table of Contents ............................................................................................................................ ii 1.0 Introduction ................................................................................................................................1

1.1 Methodology and approach 1

2.0 Drivers of food and nutrition security in the County .................................................................2 2.1 Rainfall performance 2 2.2 Conflict/Insecurity 2 2.3 COVID-19 Pandemic 2 2.4 Other shocks and hazards 3

2.4.1 Shocks ..............................................................................................................................3 2.4.2 Hazards 3

3.0 Impact of drivers on food and nutrition security .......................................................................4

3.1 Availability 4 3.1.1 Crop production ...............................................................................................................5 3.1.2 Main cereal stocks ...........................................................................................................7

3.1.3 Livestock production .......................................................................................................7 3.1.3 Water for Livestock .......................................................................................................11

3.1.4 Impact on availability ....................................................................................................15 3.2 .1 Market prices 15

3.2.2 Terms of trade ................................................................................................................17

3.2.3 Income sources ..............................................................................................................17 3.2.4 Water access and availability ........................................................................................18

3.2.5 Food Consumption ........................................................................................................20 3.2.6 Coping Strategy .............................................................................................................21

3.3 Utilization 21 3.3.1 Morbidity and mortality patterns ...................................................................................21

3.3.2 Immunization and Vitamin A supplementation.............................................................22 3.3.4 Health and Nutrition sector in COVID-19 context ........................................................23 3.3.5 Public interventions, risk communication and community level action ........................23

3.3.6 Coordination and leadership in COVID-19 pandemic preparedness and response.......24 3.4 Trends of key food security indicators .............................................................................26

4.0 Food security prognosis ...........................................................................................................29 4.1 Prognosis assumptions .............................................................................................................29

4.2 Food security outlook 30 5.0 Conclusions and interventions .................................................................................................31 5.1 Conclusions ..............................................................................................................................32

5.1.1 Phase classifications..............................................................................................................32 5.1.2 Summary of finding .......................................................................................................32 5.1.3 Sub County ranking .......................................................................................................32 5.2 Ongoing interventions ......................................................................................................33

5.2.1 Food interventions .........................................................................................................33 5.2.2 Nonfood interventions ...................................................................................................33

5.3 Recommended interventions 37 5.3.1 Food interventions .........................................................................................................37 5.3.2 Nonfood interventions ...................................................................................................38

1

1.0 INTRODUCTION

Baringo County borders Turkana and

Samburu Counties to the North,

Laikipia to the East, Nakuru and

Kericho to the South, Uasin Gishu to

the South West, and Elgeyo -

Marakwet and West Pokot to the West.

The area of the County is approximated

at 11,015 square kilometers (Km2) and

a population of 666,783 persons (2019

Housing and Population census, Kenya

National Bureau of Statistics-KNBS).

The County is divided into six (7) sub

Counties namely: - Baringo North,

Baringo Central, Baringo South,

Mogotio, Tiaty East, Tiaty West and

Eldama Ravine. There are four main livelihood zones in the County which include mixed farming,

pastoral, agropastoral and irrigated cropping (Figure 1). The main hazards in the County across

the livelihoods are drought, water shortages and conflicts. Other hazards are crop pests and

diseases in the irrigated cropping and the mixed farming livelihood zones including migratory

pests like Desert Locusts.

1.1 Methodology and approach

The food and nutrition security assessment exercise is usually conducted twice a year to assess the

impact of long and short rains on the livelihoods and as such develop an objective, evidence–based

and transparent food and nutrition security situation analysis using primary and secondary data.

The 2020 Short rains assessment was no different, Primary data was collected from the community

in sample sites that would have focus group discussions, key informant and market interviews.

Transect drive and observation was also used.

Checklists were administered to the relevant departments to collect secondary quantitative data.

Other data that was available to assist in the analysis included livelihood zone data, satellite data

for rainfall, routine Demographic Health Information Systems (DHIS) data and National Drought

Management Authority (NDMA) bulletins. Data collected was then collated, analyzed and

triangulated and analysis made by livelihood zones. The integrated food security phase

classification (IPC) protocols were used to do the classification of the severity and identify the

possible causes of food insecurity. The assessment exercise was conducted by a multi sectoral and

multi-agency team from the County Steering Group and technical experts from the Departments

of Agriculture, Livestock, Water, Education and Health and Nutrition at the County level. The

assessment in the County was done from 18th to 29th January 2021.

Figure SEQ Figure \* ARABIC 1:

Population by livelihoods Figure 1: Population by livelihood zones

31%

22%4%

43%

Baringo County Population

by livelihoods

Pastoral

Agropastoral

Irrigated Cropping

Mixed Farming

2

2.0 DRIVERS OF FOOD AND NUTRITION SECURITY IN THE COUNTY

2.1 Rainfall performance

Baringo County receives bimodal rainfall and is

dependent on the long rains of March-April-May

(MAM) which extends to July for crop production. The

short rains season is in October, November and

December (OND). The onset of the OND was normal

and took place in the first dekad of October resulting in

an average amount of 206 mm against a normal of

180mm. The Southern and Western parts of the County

comprising of Eldama Ravine, Mogotio, Baringo

Central, Baringo North and West of Tiaty Sub Counties

received 126 to 200 percent of the normal rains while

Baringo South and East of Tiaty Sub Counties received

less than 100 percent of the normal rains (Figure 2).Both

spatial and temporal distribution of the rains were poor

with the peak of the season being observed in the second

dekad of October. There was early cessation of the

season which happened by first dekad of December.

2.2 Conflict/Insecurity

There is some serious conflict in some parts of the County which has triggered massive security

operation by the government in an effort to restore law and order. The conflict has been triggered

by issues of natural resource sharing, cattle rustling as well as conflict arising from

administrative/political boundaries. The main hot spot is currently in Kapedo East and West sub

locations in Silale ward, Tiaty Sub County. Other hot spots include Nakoko sub location in Ribkwo

ward in Tiaty East Sub County, Kalabata, Tuluk and Kapturo Sub locations in Bartabwa ward of

Baringo North sub County, Mukutani, Rugus, Arabal and Kiserian sub locations in Mukutani ward

of Baringo South Sub County as well as Barketiew and Loruk sub locations in Saimo Soi ward in

Baringo North Sub County. Total of five wards are affected by the insecurity, it’s estimated that

populations affected is 50 percent in Silale ward, 15 percent in Bartabwa ward and 20 percent in

Ribkwo, Mukutani and Saimo Soi wards.

The conflict has led to food market disruptions leading to their closure in the affected areas while

movement of goods and transport services has come to a halt. The conflict has resulted in

disruption of livelihood activities and displacement of populations in the affected areas while

provision of health and education services has been affected as some schools have been shut down

especially in Silale ward.

2.3 COVID-19 Pandemic

Since the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic, basic social services were interrupted whereby the

number of people seeking essential nutrition and health services in health facilities declined. The

County Government put in place mechanisms that ensured that there was continuity in frequency

of visits to the health facilities and improve on COVID-19 preventive measures such as placing of

hand washing facilities in designated sites with water and soap, screening of patients visiting the

health facilities and ongoing Community led total sanitation (CLTS) interventions. With the

closure of schools, there was a drastic decline of stocks held by farmers by 40 percent within three

Figure SEQ Figure \* ARABIC

2: Rainfall performance Figure 2:Rainfall performance

3

months and this was high compared to long term average (LTA) consumption. Most of the food

markets were operational but COVID-19 protocols were not followed strictly, for instance the

sampled markets of Emining, Mogotio, Tenges and Kapkayo no functional hand washing facilities

were seen, social distancing and wearing of mask was not also followed and its recommended that

the regulations be implemented to avoid any spike in the near future. Schools were still closed

until January 2021 when they reopened.

2.4 Other shocks and hazards

2.4.1 Shocks

High food commodity prices

In Pastoral areas, prices of cereals and pulses were relatively higher compared to the previous

seasons. With the ongoing conflict in some parts of the pastoral areas, the prices are expected to

shoot up further due to disruptions of markets and food supplies.

2.4.2 Hazards

Floods

The impact of floods caused by rising water levels of Lake Baringo, Lake 94 and Lake Bogoria is

still being felt in the affected areas around these lakes in Baringo South Sub County. The floods

have caused displacement of households and at least 700 hectares of farm land has been

submerged. This has caused reduction of available land for agricultural production mostly in the

irrigated livelihood zone.

Livestock diseases

Some pockets in the County are being affected by livestock diseases thus affecting livestock

productivity. In the pastoral areas, contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP) and Pests des

petits ruminants (PPR) are the most common diseases affecting the small stock while lumpy skin

disease (LSD) and foot and mouth (FMD) diseases are the most common in mixed farming

livelihood zone. Blue tongue disease was also reported in the marginal mixed farming areas of

Mogotio and irrigated livelihood zone of Mogotio.

Desert Locusts

The County reported the second wave of Desert Locusts, swarms of immature adults have criss

crossed and also roosted in the County, five wards reported invasion (Mochongoi, Kabarnet and

Bartabwa, Kolloa and Tenges) The latest swarm of Desert Locusts have roosted at Tenges ward

for two days on forested area, causing damage to pasture and fodder, currently surveillance is

continuing for purposes of control as residents scare them away also.(Not recommended) The

swarms reported at Bartabwa Ward of Baringo North Sub County was moving westward of the

County towards Elgeyo Marakwet County. The second Swarm was reported at the border between

Baringo and Elgeyo Marakwet. The third and fourth Swarms were reported at Mochongoi Ward

at the Border between Laikipia County and Baringo. Surveillance and reporting are being carried

by trained Scouts and staff.

4

3.0 IMPACT OF DRIVERS ON FOOD AND NUTRITION SECURITY

3.1 Availability

Short rains in Baringo are critical for food and Nutrition security as they supplement the harvest

from the Long rains and help in recharge of water bodies for irrigation purposes. In 2020 the

County had above normal long rains and this affected land preparation and cropping of the short

rains. The short rains of 2020 in the County were slightly above the LTA average. Most of the

farmers planted various crops during the OND rains and this increased the area under rain fed crop

farming, for instance area under green grams and beans was 82 percent and four percent

respectively of their LTA achievement.

The crop was good but from the first dekad of December the rains reduced, the early cessation of

the rains affected the yield of most rain fed crops by between 30 percent to 40 percent. The crops

have been harvested in Agropastoral but in mixed farming harvesting is still going on. The onset

of OND rains was timely on the first dekad of October but the cessation was early compared to

LTA-i.e. First dekad of December. The distribution over space and time was fair across all the

livelihood zones. High temperatures and intermittent dry periods were experienced during the

month of December which caused flower abortion in beans affecting the yields and caused stunted

growth of late planted maize. The area under crop during the assessment was low compared to the

LTA this was because farmers heeded to advisories given by extension officers and Meteorological

department on the performance of the short rains which was forecasted to be below average. Farm

lands were still submerged by increased waters of Lakes Baringo, 94 and Bogoria (Loboi, Ilchamus

and Mukutani) More than 700 Ha of Farmland had been destroyed. Main crops grown in the

County are maize, beans, finger millet, cow peas, tomatoes and watermelons. The contribution of

these crops to income and food is different across the different livelihood zones (Table 1).

Table 1:Contribution of crops to income and food across the cropping livelihood zones

Livelihood Crop Income Food

Agro pastoral Maize 10 90

Beans 15 85

Finger millet 40 60

Cowpeas 40 60

Mixed farming Maize 40 60

Beans 40 60

Finger millet 30 70

Irrigated Maize 80 20

Tomatoes 90 10

Water melons 90 10

5

3.1.1 Crop production

Rain fed Agriculture

Table 2:Main crops under rain fed agriculture

Crop Area planted

during 2020

Short rains

season

(Ha)

Long Term

Average (5 year)

area planted

during the Short

rains season (Ha)

2020 Short rains

season production

(90 kg bags)/Tons

Projected/Actual

Long Term Average

(5 year) production

during the Short

rains season (90 kg

bags)/Tons

1. Maize 315 346 2,700 8,020

2. Beans 907 866 8,717 13,310

4. Green grams 20 11 65 53

5. Cowpeas 38 35 139 142

6. Irish potatoes 1,255 1,289 11,405 13,020

7. Finger Millet 5 20 10 95

The area planted in 2020 short rains season with maize was nine percent lower than the long term

average (LTA) and this was attributed to, farmers heeding to weather advisories that the short rains

would be insufficient, late harvesting of the long rains crop and some farmers observing closed

season to break fall armyworm (FAW) cycle (Table 2). Restrictions on commuters and increased

fare in public transport due to COVID-19 meant less farmers could travel to source for farm inputs

from outside the County (Nakuru or Eldoret) and inputs like fertilizers were expensive as National

Cereals and Produce Board (NCPB) was not stocking subsidized fertilizer during the short rains.

On a positive note the closure of schools created availability of household labour which had a

positive impact on land preparation and also timely harvesting especially of the MAM and JJA

planted crops. The area under Pulses i.e. beans, green grams and cowpeas increased by five

percent. 80 percent and 10 percent respectively compared to the LTA and this was because most

farmers had planted the early maturing and drought tolerant crops. Expected Production will be

lower than the LTA by 60 percent for maize and this is because of early cessation of the rains and

high temperatures being experienced across the County. Production of beans and cowpeas was

expected to reduce by 35 percent and two percent respectively and this was attributed to abortion

of flowers and households using Cowpeas leaves as vegetables.

6

Irrigated Agriculture

Table 3: Main crops under irrigated agriculture

Crop Area

planted

during 2020

Short rains

season (Ha)

Long Term

Average area

planted during the

Short rains season

(Ha)

2020 Short rains

season production

(90 kg bags)

Projected/Actual

Long Term

Average production

during the Short

rains season (90 kg

bags)

Maize 30 31 1,500 1,250

Beans 22 15 132 83

Tomatoes 47 27.6 471 297

Watermelons 103 85 1964 1580

Cow peas 10 10 40 16

Green Grams 245 167 1822 1627

Kales 39 29 234 155

Onions 2 1 2 1

Black night shade 14 5 54 22

Spinach 10 0 50 0

There was fair to good recharge of irrigation water sources depending on the livelihood zone. The

area under maize reduced by three percent and this was attributed to good long rains harvests that

made farmers not to plant again (Table 3). Increased campaigns on household food security led to

significant increase in area of the other crops especially horticultural crops and pulses.

Deliberate efforts done by the County Government, National Government and development

partners had contributed to increase on the area under irrigation including household irrigation for

food and Nutrition security. A lot of emphasis has been done on Kitchen gardening through

projects like Drought Resilient and Sustainable Livelihood Program (DRSLP), Kenya Climate

Smart Agriculture Program (KCSAP) and Baringo County Resilient project (SFSP) saw the area

under irrigation increase. Production for all crops under irrigation is expected to be higher than the

LTA

7

3.1.2 Main cereal stocks

Table 4: Cereal stocks

Commodity

Held by

Maize Rice Sorghum Green gram TOTAL

Current LTA Current LTA Current LTA Current LTA Current LTA

Farmers 717,384 605,966 - - 1,880 468 703 620 719,967 595,03

3

Traders 104,105 72,767 187 101 418 326 170 150 104,880 73,344

Millers 35,370 17,463 - - - - - - 35,370 17,463

Food

Assistance

- - - - - - - - - -

NCPB - 14,400 58 3 - - - - 58 14,403

The stocks held by Households were 20 percent above LTA and this was because farmers had

good harvests during the 2020 long rains (Table 4). Mixed farming Livelihood zone had the

highest stocks held by farmers, for instance, Eldama Ravine had the highest number of stocks at

52 percent (half of what is held by households) of the total stocks held by households. Traders and

Millers had stocks above their long-term average and this was attributed to poor purchasing

capacity of the households. The closure of schools due to COVID-19 also affected stocks held by

traders as schools were a major market for the traders. During the assessment no NCPB stores had

maize stocks except rice which was being sold commercially. But the stores are currently buying

maize from farmers at the cost of Kshs 2700, which is higher than the prevailing market price of

average Kshs 2500. The pastoral zones have no significant stocks and most of the households were

depending on markets for their supplies. There was disruption of market functions in most of the

pastoral livelihood zones due to increased conflict while in the agro-pastoral livelihood zone 30

percent of the households had stocks which could last between 1-2 months. In the irrigated and

mixed farming livelihood zones the stocks held are between 60 to 80 percent and this will last

between 3- 5 months.

With the closure of schools due to COVID-19, there was an increase in household size which led

to increased consumption rate of household stocks and on the other hand during the reopening of

schools, farmers disposed some of their stocks for payment of school fees. This led to decline of

stocks held by farmers by 40 percent within three months and this is high compared to LTA

consumption

3.1.3 Livestock production

Introduction

The main livestock species in Baringo County are cattle, goats, sheep, honeybees, poultry and

camels. Livestock production is an important source of food and income in the County whereby it

contributes 25 percent as a source of food in both mixed farming and irrigated livelihood zones

whereas in agropastoral and pastoral livelihood zones, it contributes 20 percent and 21 percent

respectively. As a source of income, livestock contributes 23 percent, eight percent, 50 percent

and 88 percent in mixed farming, irrigated farming, agropastoral and pastoral livelihood zones

respectively. The short rains season are important for the regeneration of pastures and browse and

8

at the same time contributing significantly in the recharge of water sources for livestock. The rains

are important in supplementing livestock feed by providing crop residues from the farms.

Pasture and browse condition

The current forage condition and expected duration is due to the cumulative effects of the long

rains, short rains and off-season (JJA) rains, overall, there is a decline in forage quantity and quality

in the pastoral livelihood zone due to poor performance of the 2020 short rains. The pastures are

expected to last for three months in mixed and irrigated cropping livelihood zones and 2-5 months

in agro-pastoral and pastoral livelihood zones (Table 5). Factors limiting forage access are

persistent insecurity and tensions around Saimo Soi, Kalabata, Arabal and Kapedo areas. Pasture

conservation and harvesting is picking up as more farmers have been sensitized on its importance

as a source of feed during periods of drought spells and also as a source of cash income (Table 6).

Table 5: Pasture and browse condition

Liveliho

od Zone

Pasture Browse

Condition Projected

Duration to

last (Months)

Factor

s

limitin

g

access

Condition Projected

Duration to

last (month)

Factor

s

limitin

g

access

Curre

nt

Norm

al

Curre

nt

Norm

al

Curre

nt

Norm

al

Curre

nt

Norm

al

Mixed

farming

Good Good 3 3 No

limit

Good Good 3 3 No

limit

Irrigated

cropping

Good

to fair

Good 3 3 Floods Good Good 3 3 Floods

Agro-

pastoral

Good

to fair

Good 2 3 No

limit

Good

to fair

Good 2.5 3 No

limit

Pastoral Fair Good 2 3 Insecur

ity

tension

s and

floods

Good

to fair

Good 2.5 3 Insecur

ity

tension

s and

floods

9

Baled hay status

Table 6: Bailed hay status

Livelihood

Zone

No. of Hay

Stores

Storage

Capacity

(Total

number of

bales)

No. of Bales

currently

being held

Average

Weight

per bale

(in Kgs)

Average

price per

bale

(Kshs.)

Comments – E.g.

percentage held

by farmers and

other

Institutions

Baringo

South

17 7,500 4,500 15 400 2% are held by

KVDA

88% Held by

farmers

Baringo

Central

2 5000 4000 15 200 30 % by farmers

and 70% by

Association.

E/Ravine 3 500,000 430,000 15 150 80% by farmers

20% FCS

Tiaty 0 0 0 0 0 N/A

Farmers graze

directly but some

harvest seeds

Baringo

North

5 150,000 100,000 15 250 100% by farmers

from community

stores

Mogotio 4 500,000 385,000 15 200 75%By farmer

groups

25% by

individuals

Livestock Productivity

Livestock Body Condition

During 2020 the County received good long rains, and off-season rains, forage condition was good

in all livelihood zones (Table 7). However, the underperformance of short rains coupled with high

temperatures has led to rapid depletion of forages quality and nutritional quality thus affecting the

performance of livestock. The resultant forage situation has led to both cattle and sheep being in

good to fair and fair body condition in agropastoral and pastoral livelihood zones respectfully but

goats and camels have remained in good condition across all livelihood zones. The present body

condition is attributed to present quality of both pastures and browse.

10

Table 7: Livestock body condition

Livelihoo

d Zone

Cattle Sheep Goat Camel

Current Norma

l

Current

ly

Norma

l

Curre

nt

Norma

l

Curre

nt

Norma

l

Mixed

farming

Good Good Good Good Good Good N/A N/A

Irrigated

cropping

Good Good Good Good Good Good

Agro-

pastoral

Good to

Fair

Good Good to

Fair

Good Good Good Good Good

Pastoral Fair Good Fair Good Good Good Good Good

Livestock Birth Rates

The general birth rates are normal across all livelihood zones, at three percent. The calving, kidding

and lambing rates are attributed to good quality pastures across all livelihood zones during

gestation period and at birth. The rainfall performance influenced all contributing factors

including, good nutrition, and decreased trekking distance.

The birth rates are attributed to good performance of both off-season rains (JJA)of 2019 and long

rains of 2020 during conception and gestation period. This contributed to good quality forages

during this period

Tropical Livestock Units

Table 8: Tropical livestock unit

Livelihood zone Poor income households Medium income households

Current Normal Current Normal

Mixed Farming 2.4 3 5.8 5.5

Irrigated cropping 2.8 3.5 6.2 6.5

Agro-pastoral 4.2 5 6.9 7

Pastoral 5.7 6 8.5 7

Average 3.8 4.5 6.9 7-9

The mixed farming and irrigated crop zone raise crops and keep some livestock for dairy. The agro

pastoral zones have livestock and practice some crop production. The pastoral zones depend

entirely on livestock with some pockets of drought tolerant crops being planted. The present

tropical livestock unit (TLU) possession per household which are slightly higher than the last

assessment (LRA), are attributed to continued good rainfall performance for the last three seasons,

which in turn has resulted to increased quality of forage. The variations in TLUs are also attributed

to improvement in birth rates due to improved forage quality during conception.

11

The average translated to 3.8 TLU in poor households as compared to 6.9 in medium households

(Table 8). The present TLU are compared to 3.4 in poor and 5.7 in medium income households in

the last assessment. There was slight increase in TLU as compared to last assessment.

Milk Availability

There was decrease in milk production across the livelihood zones at 25-33 percent and this was

attributed to low quality pastures and high temperatures which affected feed conversion efficiency

of lactating cows (Table 9). The agropastoral and pastoral livelihood zones are still importing milk

from the mixed farming zones while milk prices have increased by 11 percent in irrigated

livelihood zone which is the lowest to 25 percent in the pastoral livelihood zone, there was notable

increase in consumption especially in the pastoral livelihood zone and this was brought about by

presence of school going children at home.

Milk Availability, Consumption and Prices

Table 9: Milk production, consumption and prices

Livelihood zone Milk production per

household (Litres)

Milk consumption per

household (Litres)

Prices (KES)

Current LTA Current LTA Current LT

A

Mixed farming 6 8 5 5 45 40

Irrigated cropping 6 8 5 5 50 45

Agro-pastoral 3 4 3 3 60 50

Pastoral 2 3 2.5 6 75 60

3.1.3 Water for Livestock

The water pans recharge levels were between 35-50 percent and the situation was below normal

and it was attributed to underperformance of short rains. and high temperatures and hence high

evaporation rates (Table 10). The variation in watering frequency for livestock is due to availability

or lack of water, trekking distance, and insecurity whereby trekking distance increased as

compared to last season and the same time last year. There was no effect of COVID-19 on

Livestock access to water, however there was lack of adherence to health restriction protocols in

watering convergence areas across the livelihood zones.

12

Water for Livestock

Table 10: Water for livestock

Livelihoo

d zone

Sources Return trekking

distance (Km)

Expected

duration

Watering

frequency

(No of days per

week)

Current Normal Curren

t

Norma

l

Curren

t

Norma

l

Curren

t

Norma

l

Mixed

farming

Rivers,

springs,

piped

water,

boreholes,

Streams,

Rivers,

springs,

piped

water,

boreholes

1-3 1-2.5 All

throug

h the

year

All

throug

h the

year

7 7

Irrigated

cropping

Rivers,

shallow

wells and

springs.

Rivers,

shallow

wells and

springs.

1-3 1-2.5 All

throug

h the

year

All

throug

h the

year

7 7

Agro-

pastoral

Water

pans,

Boreholes

, rivers

Streams,

water

pans,

Borehole

s

4-9 4-6 2 3 5 7

Pastoral Bore-

holes,

water

pans.

Water-

pans,

Bore-

holes

rivers

4-10 4-7 2 3 5 7

Livestock Movement and Migration

There were no reported migrations due to pasture and water deficiency. However, insecurity

tensions between Baringo North with Tiaty and Tiaty with Turkana have caused households to

move to the interior of their sub-counties. There are minimal migrations from Kinyach, Baringo

North and Arabal, Baringo South to the hilly sides in search of pastures.

On the Projected trend of migration, it’s anticipated that in the next two months, livestock are

likely to move from Kinyach, Kolloa to Kalabata and Kerio valley areas while others are likely to

move from Kapedo to Kasarani, Malaso areas as well as in to Marakwet and West Pokot counties.

Other animals are likely to move from Yatya to Sibilo and around areas surrounding Lake Baringo.

In areas around Nginyang Loyamorok, animals are likely to move to Amaya and in to Samburu

and Laikipia counties. Animals in Mogotio Sub County are likely to move to Nakuru County and

Eldama Ravine forest while those in Sibilo and Bartum locations will move to Perkerra, Arabal,

Mukutani, TangulBei and then in to Laikipia County. These are not normal movements and are

13

being contributed by the insecurity issues in Tiaty Sub County and deterioration of pasture

conditions in the pastoral areas. With the movement of animals, milk production is expected to

decline at the household level while local markets are likely to be deprived of animals for sales

thus affecting income flow for the pastoral households.

Livestock Diseases and Mortalities

Reported diseases

There were few livestock disease cases reported which did not qualify for quarantine as per spatial

occurrence (Table 11). Vaccination against lumpy skin disease, (LSD), contagious caprine

pleuropneumonia (CCPP) and pestes des petits ruminants (PPR) was done in Tiaty, Baringo North,

Baringo South, Baringo Central and Mogotio sub counties.

Table 11: Livestock diseases

Sub-

County

Disease Area

Reported

Livestock Livestock

lost

Measures

taken(Vaccinati

ons)

Baringo

Central

CCPP Endemic Goats No report on

deaths

vaccinations

LSD Salawa,

Kaptara

Cattle Vaccinations

FMD Kapkelelwa Cattle No action

Red Water Report later Cattle No action

Tiaty CCPP Endemic -Sub-

Countywise

Goats N/R 8,642 Vaccinated

PPR Sub-

Countywise

Sheep and

goats

N/R 18,932

FMD Sub-

Countywise

Cattle camels N/R Vaccinations

planned

LSD Loyamorok,

Silale, Tirioko

Cattle 5,655 Vaccinated

Mogotio FMD Sub-

Countywise

Cattle N/R No vaccinations

CCPP Endemic Goats N/R Vaccination done

LSD Sub-

Countywise

Cattle N/R Vaccination done

Blue

Tongue

Sub-

Countywise

Sheep N/R No vaccinations

ECF Sub-

Countywise

Cattle N/R No vaccinations

PPR Sub-

Countywise

Small stocvk N/R Vaccination done

14

Eldama

Ravine

No diseases reported

Baringo

south

CCPP Endemic Goats 20 10,256

Heart water Bekibon Goats 18 N/R

FMD Marigat and

Kimoriot

Cattle N/R

Mange Kapuikui Goats N/R

Lumpy

Skin

Disease

Marigat,

Loboi,

Salabani

Cattle 3,250

Baringo

north

CCPP Sub-

Countywise

(Endemic)

Goats No deaths 860 goats

vaccinated.

PPR Kabartonjo,

Bartabwa,

Saimo

soi,Saimo

Kipasaraman

Shoats No deaths 19,322

vaccinated

Fowl

typhoid

All wards Poultry 200 deaths Treatment done

on affected

LSD Barwessa,

Bartabwa

Cattle 76 deaths 19,068

vaccinated

Anaplasmo

sis

Saimo soi Cattle 9

Rabies All wards

except Saimo

soi

dogs No deaths 213 vaccinated

15

3.1.4 Impact on availability

Household maize stocks are above normal compared to long term mean and this should be able to

sustain the food requirements of the mixed livelihood zone up to the next long rains harvest while

on the other hand, production of pulses will be lower than the LTA due to early cessation of the

short rains and therefore the County will have to rely on supplies from outside the County. Milk

production is low compared to the LTA thus there is going to be a deficit for milk consumption at

the household level particularly in the pastoral areas. Household TLUs are lower than LTA but on

a recovery trend while livestock body condition is good which should be able to fetch good prices

more so in areas that do not face security challenges. In Tiaty Sub County, the ongoing security

operations are likely to trigger massive livestock migrations and other forms of livelihood

disruptions which will affect milk production.

3.2 .1 Market prices

On effects of COVID-19 on market operations, most of the food stuff markets were operational

but COVID-19 protocols were not followed strictly. In the sampled markets of Emining, Mogotio,

Tenges and Kapkayo the hand washing facilities were available but were not being utilized, social

distancing and wearing of mask was not also followed. Recommendations is to have the

regulations implemented to avoid any spike in the near future. In pastoral livelihood zone 85

percent of the population was depending on markets for access of their stocks while in agropastoral

zone, 40 percent were depending on markets. In mixed farming and irrigated livelihood zones less

than five percent were depending on markets especially those who are urban habitants.

The price of maize in the County ranged between Kshs. 27-30/Kg in mixed farming livelihood

zone and Kshs 42-45 in the pastoral areas while a 90 kg bag was retailing at Kshs 2000-3600. The

highest price was recorded in pastoral zone and lowest in the mixed farming Livelihood zone.

Most of the stocks were sourced locally from Eldama Ravine Sub County and Mochongoi ward in

Baringo South Sub County.

In the pastoral, agropastoral and marginal mixed farming livelihood zones, more farmers are

purchasing from traders and in the next three months more households will be purchasing food

from markets as household stocks will have been depleted

The main markets for livestock in the County are Kipsaraman, Barwessa, Loruk and Kinyach in

Baringo North; Kolloa, Nginyang, Tangulbei and Amaya in Tiaty; Marigat, Kabel in Baringo

South; Kaptara in Baringo Central; Majimoto, and Emining in Mogotio and Iloti, Kapchorua and

Kapcholoi in Eldama Ravine sub-counties. Livestock markets are operational except those in Tiaty

Sub County where there is ongoing conflict and security operations have disrupted movement of

animals and people to the markets. Livestock animals being traded are mostly being sourced from

within the County while the buyers coming from outside the County are mostly from Nairobi and

Nakuru counties.

For food crops, there were no notable market disruptions in the County during the short rains

period. But there was controlled movement of transport to areas affected by conflict in Tiaty Sub

County which affected access of food stuffs at the markets. Despite the areas near the lakes

experiencing increased water levels, markets were not closed but accessibility was hindered as

other means of transportation like boats were being used. In the next six months the operations in

the agropastoral, mixed farming and irrigated livelihood zones will remain stable but in the pastoral

zones especially of Tiaty Sub County, markets functions might remain disrupted due to the

ongoing conflict. The main source of maize and beans are mostly from within the County although

16

the volumes being traded in mixed farming, marginal mixed farming and irrigated livelihood zones

are extremely low due to low demand as households are still keeping large stocks that were carried

forward from the long rains harvest. About five percent, 65 percent and 85 percent of the

households in mixed farming, agropastoral and pastoral livelihood zones are currently dependent

on markets for food.

Market prices

Maize prices

There was a rise of eight percent in

the prevailing average price for a

kilogram of maize at Kshs. 43,

compared to the previous month of

December at 40 (Figure 3). The

prevailing prices were fairly below

the long-term average at such time of

the year. The price is similar for wet

years (Years with heavy rainfall) but

slightly less compared to dry years

(Years with least rainfall). The

increase in prices can be attributed to

market disruptions in pastoral areas

of Tiaty Sub County

Pastoral livelihood zone recorded the

highest price of Kshs .45 per kg and is likely to continue rising due to the ongoing conflict in Tiaty

Sub County while irrigated livelihood and mixed farming zones recorded the lowest at Kshs.30

per kg.

Goat Prices

The average price of a medium sized

goat was at Kshs.2,777 as compared

to the previous month of

December at Kshs. 3,042 (Figure

13). The price was above the LTA by

four percent. The prices were highest

in fishing livelihood zone at Kshs.

4,283 and lowest in pastoral

livelihood zone at Kshs.2, 598. The

decline in price is as a result of

disruption of markets.

Figure 3: Maize prices

0.00

20.00

40.00

60.00

80.00

Maiz

e p

rice

s (K

SH

)

Maize Prices Baringo County- January2021

STA Dry Years 2021 Wet Years

Figure 3: Maize prices

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

Goat

Pri

ces

(Ksh

.)

Goat Prices Baringo County- January

2021

STA Dry Years 2021 Wet Years

Figure 4: Goat prices

17

3.2.2 Terms of trade

The terms of trade for the month

under review decreased comparison

to the previous month. A sale of one

goat was able to fetch 64.6 kgs of

maize (Figure 5). This has been

attributed to by increasing maize

prices in comparison to decreasing

goat prices. The current terms of

trade are better in comparison to the

long-term average. Irrigated

cropping livelihood zone had the

highest terms of trade of 95.9 while

pastoral livelihood zone had the

least at 57.7

3.2.3 Income sources

Livestock production constitutes the main source of income in Pastoral and agropastoral livelihood

zones at 88 percent and 50 percent respectively while cash crop production is the main source of

income in irrigated and mixed farming livelihood zone at 59 percent and 30 percent respectively

(Table 12). With the lake water rising levels, there is a notable increase in fishing activities as an

unintended outcome and thus contributing to household income in agropastoral and irrigated

livelihood zones.

Table 12:Income sources

Source of income Contributions to cash income per livelihood zone (%)

Pastoral Agropastoral Irrigated Mixed farming

Livestock production 88 50 5 23

Food crop production - 4 5 5

Cash crop production - - 59 30

Small businesses 1 4 5 7

Casual waged labour 1 15 10 20

Formal waged labour 1 5 4 5

Poultry production 2 5 3 1

Fishing - 10 4 -

0.00

20.00

40.00

60.00

80.00

Kg

s o

f m

aiz

e b

ou

gh

t fr

om

sa

le

of

a g

oa

tTerms of Trade in Baringo County -

January 2021

STA 2021 Dry Years Wet Year

Figure 5: Terms of trade

18

3.2.4 Water access and availability

Main sources of water

Generally, the main sources of water for domestic use include; Rivers, water pans, dams, lakes,

streams, protected shallow wells, springs, swamps, boreholes and traditional river wells (Table

13). The water sources are mainly concentrated in mixed farming livelihood zones where the

potential is high and rainfall amounts are higher as compared to pastoral and agropastoral

livelihood zones which are rocky and poorly served by rivers. Mixed farming and irrigated farming

zones Communities have more access to water than in pastoral livelihood zone.

Most of the Water pans across the County in the pastoral and agropastoral livelihood areas were

recharged to between 50-60 percent of their normal capacity as compared to 60-70 percent

normally. The available water is likely to last for one to two months as compared to two to three

months of their normal. In mixed and irrigated livelihood zones, rivers were recharged 40-60

percent of their normal capacity except for Waseges, Kiserian, Yeptos and Emoo rivers that have

low water levels and had low recharges respectively. The water is expected to last for three to four

months. The general status of water levels in springs, rivers and water pans in all livelihood zones

are below normal and are in a declining trend due high temperatures, utilization and siltation levels.

Currently, 80 - 90 percent of the boreholes are operational across all livelihood zones; however

some few boreholes are not operational due to normal electromechanical break downs for example

Kirim , Ngoron, Kapkun , Tinomoi and Barkipi boreholes while water quality challenges is high

at Perkerra, Loboi, Kailer, Longewan, Kampi Ukulima, Kisrian, Logumgum, Muserech among

others areas.

Table 13: Main water sources

Ward/

Livelihood

zone

Water

Source

(Three

(3)

major

sources)

No. of

Normal

Operatio

nal

No. of

Current

Operation

al Sources

Projected

Duration

(Operati

onal

Sources)

Normal

Duration

that water

last in

months

% of full

Capacity

Recharge

d by the

Rains

Locality of Non-

operational

Water Sources

Pastoral Bore

Holes

76 70 Over 6

Months

Over 6

months

stable Ngo’oron, Kreeze

, Kirim , Ngoron,

Barkipii,

Tinomoi,

Tangulbei, Tebei,

Kapkun boreholes

Water

Pans

63 63 1 – 2

Months

3 – 4

Months

50% -

60%

Springs 10 10 3 - 4

Months

4 – 5

Months

30 % -

40%

Agro

pastoral

Bore

Holes

56 52 Over 6

Months

Over 6

months

stable

Water

Pans

23 19 1–2

Months

3 – 4

Months

50% -

60%

Springs 18 18 3-

4Months

Over 6

months

30 % -

40%

19

Mixed

farming

Bore

Holes

39 36 Over 6

Months

Over 6

months

stable

Springs 135 135 Over 6

Months

Over 6

Months

50% -

60%

Rivers 6 6 Over 6

Months

4 -5

Months

40 % -

50%

Irrigated

cropping

Rivers 6 6 3months Over 6

months

30% -

40%

Shallow

Wells

8 3 3-

4months

Over 6

months

Reducing

Discharge

Perkerrra, Labos,

Kailer,

Longewan,

Kampi Ukulima,

Swamps 3 3 Over 3

Months

stable

The average distances to domestic water sources were slightly above normal at four to six

kilometres in pastoral and four to 4.5km in agropastoral livelihood zones, as compared to the

normal of 3.5 – 5.5 km. The distances were slightly above normal at (1.5 -2.5Km) in mixed

farming and stable in irrigated farming livelihood zones at 0.5 – 15 Km. This was attributed to fair

recharge of water sources during the short rains season and household members are forced to walk

further in search of water after depleting the nearby sources. The waiting time is stable across all

livelihood’s zones at 2-4 minutes in pastoral and agropastoral livelihood zones as compared to the

normal while in mixed farming livelihood zone is between 2-3 minutes. The waiting time was

lowest in irrigated livelihood zone at 1-2 minutes. The cost of water at the source is generally

stable at kshs.3 and 5 across all livelihood zones while water from open water sources is free. The

water vendors sold water depending on the distances covered but on average it was at 20/= per 20

liters jerrycan. Water consumption per person per day is slightly below normal at 20 – 25 litres per

person per day in mixed farming and irrigated farming livelihood zone while in agropastoral and

pastoral zone it is 12 -20 litres per person per day as compared to normal (Table 14).

Table 14:Water return distances, cost, waiting time and consumption

Ward /

livelihood

zone

Return Distance

to Water for

Domestic Use

(Km)

Cost of Water at

Source (Ksh. Per

20litres)

Waiting Time at

Water Source

(Minutes)

Average Water

Consumption

(Litres/person/day)

Normal Current Normal Current Normal Current Normal Current

Pastoral 3 - 4 4 - 6 3 - 5 3 - 5 2 - 4 2 - 4 12 - 15 12 - 15

Agro

Pastoral

3-3.5 4 - 4.5 3 - 5 3 - 5 2 - 4 2 - 4 15 - 20 15 - 20

Mixed

Farming

0.5 - 1.5 1.5 - 2.5 3 - 5 3 -5 2 - 3 2 - 3 20 - 25 20 - 25

Irrigated

Cropping

0.5 - 1.5 0.5- 1.5 3 - 5 3 - 5 1 - 2 1 - 2 20 - 25 20 - 25

20

About 25–30 percent of households in pastoral and agropastoral livelihood zones in Muserechi,

Mbechot, Chepkalacha, Sirata, Kaptara, Sintaani reported persistence of water related diseases

like typhoid, amoeba, diarrhea and malaria as a result of inadequate toilet coverage and low levels

of personal hygiene.

3.2.5 Food Consumption

Food consumption Score

Generally, the County had an

acceptable Food Consumption

Score of 50 as compared to 49 the

previous month of December

(Figure 6). The proportion of

households with acceptable,

borderline and poor food

consumption score by January 2021

was 73, 25 and two percent

respectively. In the pastoral

livelihood zone, about 38.6 percent

of the households do not have

acceptable food consumption and

this implies that they are likely to

be skipping some nutritious food

stuffs mostly animal proteins like

meat, fish and milk.

Milk consumption

The average milk consumption

per household per day was at 1.4

litres, which was similar as

compared to the previous month

(Figure 18). The milk

consumption was highest in the

agropastoral livelihood zone at

two litres and lowest in irrigated

livelihood zone at one litre. The

amount consumed was below

the long-term average partly due

to reduced milk production in

the irrigated livelihood zone

0%20%40%60%80%

100%120%

Pas

tora

l

Agr

o P

asto

ral

Irri

gate

d C

rop

pin

g

Fish

ing

Pas

tora

l

Agr

o P

asto

ral

Irri

gate

d C

rop

pin

g

Fish

ing

Pas

tora

l

Agr

o P

asto

ral

Irri

gate

d C

rop

pin

g

Fish

ing

Pas

tora

l

Agr

o P

asto

ral

Irri

gate

d C

rop

pin

g

Fish

ing

October November December January

Food Consumption Score

October 2020-January 2021

Poor Borderline Acceptable

Figure 6: Food consumption

0.00

0.50

1.00

1.50

2.00

2.50

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Mil

k

Pro

du

ctio

n/H

H/D

ay

/Lit

re

Household Milk Consumption Baringo

County- January 2021

Long Term Mean Dry Years 2021 Wet Years

Figure 7: Milk consumption

21

3.2.6 Coping Strategy

The average coping strategy index

was at 12.7, a slight increase as

compared to the previous month at

12.47 (Figure 8). Households in

agropastoral livelihood zone

employed more coping strategies at

16.6 followed by pastoral livelihood

zone at 14. The irrigated zone

employed the least coping

mechanisms at 2.9 Overall,

households in agropastoral livelihood

zone have recorded relatively higher

CSI values for the past six months

followed by those in pastoral

livelihood zone.

3.3 Utilization

3.3.1 Morbidity and mortality patterns

a) Adults

Generally, morbidity trends among

adult population is lower than in the

year 2017 and 2019 but higher than in

2018 (Figure 9). During the short

rains season, the cases have been on a

declining trend.

Figure SEQ Figure \* ARABIC 9: Adult morbidity

0.0%

5.0%

10.0%

15.0%

20.0%

October November December January

Coping strategy Index

October 2020- January 2021

Fishing Irrigated Agro pastoral Pastoral

Figure 8:Coping strategy index

Figure 9:Adult morbidity

0

5000

10000

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Morbidity and Mortality patterns in

adults

2017 2018 2019 2020

22

b) Children

Generally Upper Respiratory Tract

infection (URTI) continue to be the

leading cause of morbidity in the

County for children (Figure 10). The

number of children seen with upper

respiratory tract infection in 2018 was

higher compared to the other years

same period, the year 2020 recorded a

lower morbidity rates due to COVID-

19 pandemic attributing to low health

seeking behavior.

Disease prevalence

There was no reported

outbreak of disease during

the short rains period July-

December 2020 as compared

to the previous year 2019,

due to improved hygiene

promotion and child caring

practices as most of the

people were at home

following COVID-19

measures (Figure 11).

3.3.2 Immunization and Vitamin A supplementation

Table 15: Immunization and Vitamin A coverage

Year Children 6-11 months Children 12-59

months

Children 6-11

months

Children 12-59

months

Received

vitamin A

supplementation

Total

Population

(6-11

months)

Total

Population

(12-59

months)

Total

Population

(12-59

months

Proportion of

children

Received Vit A

supplementation

in the last 6

months

Proportion of

children Received

Vit A

supplementation

in the last 6

months

July-

Dec

2020

4677 10734 36647 76758

Not Available Not Available

Figure SEQ Figure \* ARABIC 10: Child morbidity

Figure 10: Child morbidity

0

50000

100000

150000

2017 2018 2019 2020

Morbidity of Children Less than Five Years

2017 - 2020

URTI

Diarrhoea

Malaria

331

9055

0 0 223 0

60575236

497 384 0 00

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

Malaria Diarhoea Typhoid Dysentry Cholera Measles

Nu

mb

er o

f C

ase

s

Diseases

Disease Prevalence

Figure 11:Disease Prevalence

23

July-

Dec

2019

10238 10734 56432 76758

Not Available Not Available

Vitamin A coverage decreased in 2020 as compared to similar period of the previous year 2019

and this was attributed to effects of COVID-19, which led to reduction in community-based

activities including vitamin A supplementation and mobilization in community units by

community health volunteers (CHVs) and health workers (Table 15). Inadequate

campaigns/community mobilization to reach the target under-five population due to COVID-19

pandemic and Health workers strike also affected Vitamin A coverage during the reporting period.

Immunization coverage in year 2020 increased despite the impact of COVID-19 as compared to

the year 2019, this could be attributed to increase in the number of outreaches supported by

partners during the COVID-19 pandemic period and improved defaulter tracing mechanisms,

although Tiaty and Baringo North sub counties couldn’t achieve the fully immunized targets..

3.3.4 Health and Nutrition sector in COVID-19 context

There was lack of information on the availability of services as the community health workers

were not able to deliver services without personal protective equipment and they were also exposed

to the risk of contracting the disease. Generally, there was anxiety and fear of COVID-19 and that

interrupted basic social services and health services. The department of health had to put in place

mechanisms on continuity of essential services like reduced frequency of visits and client follow-

up through phone calls.

The County government endeavored to strengthen COVID-19 guidelines by supporting the

purchase of hand washing facilities and distributed them to the social places such as markets, bus

terminus, schools and shopping centers among others. The County Government also enhanced

enforcement on use of face mask and supported the vulnerable population through procurement

and supply of basic foods and to a larger extend gave out cash transfers to the old population. The

County invested in dealing with stigma through advocacy as a way of allaying fears associated

with COVID-19 thus encouraged the community to seek health services as they had clear

information on the COVID-19 guidelines and the continuity of health services. Most of the line

ministries budgets were re-directed in combating the pandemic therefore affecting all the aspects

of the supply chain management while the global lock downs affected the supply of nutrition

commodities as they are procured from other countries where movement /transport was interfered

with.

3.3.5 Public interventions, risk communication and community level action

Community engagement initiatives and messaging were driven through the use of print media

while Health promotion teams at the County and Sub County levels engaged themselves in

community outreach advocacy services. Use of local radio stations programs was instrumental in

passing out COVID-19 information to the community. There was high adherence to COVID-19

directives in urban population due to better socio-economic status as compared to rural populations

where dogmatic believes affected reception and adherence to COVID-19 directives. The County

embarked on robust food distribution programs to the vulnerable population to cushion them

against the effects of the pandemic and also procured other health essentials and nutrition

commodities for treatment of moderate malnutrition.

24

3.3.6 Coordination and leadership in COVID-19 pandemic preparedness and response

There was a functional coordinating system in the department of health services for all health

services as there already existed a health stakeholder’s forum which held its meeting on quarterly

basis. Also, there is a County nutrition technical forum which is cascaded down to the Sub County

level and is held on a quarterly basis.

3.3.7 Sanitation and Hygiene

Latrine coverage and utilization

Table 16: Latrine coverage

Sub County/

Livelihood zone

Latrine Coverage

January to June 2020

% Coverage

July to December 2020

% Coverage

Koibatek 78 78

Baringo Central 47 47

Marigat 46 46

Mogotio 45 45

Baringo North 42 42

East Pokot 3.14 3.14

Tiaty East 3.14 3.14

Baringo County 43.6 43.6

The toilet coverage in the County is average 38 percent and the distribution is seven percent, 18

percent, 23 percent and 52 percent in pastoral, agropastoral, irrigated cropping and mixed farming

livelihood zones respectively and this is attributed to culture and nature of livelihood zones (Table

16). Toilet coverage in mixed livelihood zone is higher as a result of concentrated development in

terms of urban setup and exposure to quality sanitation while in irrigated cropping it is low due to

few settlements at the farm fields.

Water treatment was being done by a dismal 4.4 percent households in Tiaty Sub County while

28.6 percent in Baringo North and South did the same. The most common treatment method used

in Baringo North and South was boiling (71.1 percent) while in Tiaty most of the households used

pot filters (59.1 percent) (SMART Survey, July 2019). The low water treatment rates may be the

cause of the water borne diseases reported in the community

Hand washing during critical moments

Hand washing at the four critical moments was at two percent in Tiaty, 10.2 percent in Baringo

North and South sub counties. Those who used soap and water were 24.7 percent in Tiaty while in

Baringo North and South sub counties, those who did hand washing using soap and water were

69.5 percent. However, there could be an increase in the proportion of hand washing during the

25

four critical time and use of soap due to the on-going COVID-19 sensitization by Baringo County

Government and Partners.

Nutrition status

Table 17:Nutrition status by weight for age

SMART survey years Prevalence of weight for age (Underweight)

2020 Data not available

2019 County average: 21.4

Tiaty sub County: 40.4

2018 Tiaty sub County: 29.1

County average: 18.7

2017 44.5

The nutritional status of children under five assessed by weight for age shows to be reducing from

2017 to 2019 in all the livelihood zones (Table 17), which was attributed to scale-up of nutrition

interventions in the County.

Table 18: SMART survey findings of 2019

SMART survey years % Global Acute

Malnutrition

(GAM) by weight

for height Z scores

% Severe Acute

Malnutrition (SAM)

by weight for height Z

scores

% Chronic

Malnutrition

(Stunting) by

Height for age Z

scores

2020 Data not available Data not available Data not available

2019 County

average:9.3

Tiaty Sub

County:20.9

County average:2.3

Tiaty Sub County: 9.3

County average:

28.1

Tiaty sub County:

40.1

2018 Tiaty sub County:

16.68

County average:

7.8

Tiaty sub-County: 4

County average: 0.2

Tiaty sub County:

30.0

County average:

28.5

2017 25.2-Tiaty sub

County

5.8-Tiaty sub County 41.2 Tiaty sub

County

The nutritional status of children under five shows that wasting and stunting was high in Tiaty Sub

County in the year 2017 as compared to 2018 while County malnutrition rates reduced in 2018 as

compared to other years due to blanket supplementary feeding strategy and scale-up of high impact

nutrition interventions (Table 18). Admissions both severe acute malnutrition (SAM) and

moderate acute malnutrition (MAM) clients in 2020 was largely below long-term average and

significantly fewer compared to similar period the previous year. This was attributed to fear of

26

COVID-19 which was reported in the Country in March 2020 and health workers strike affecting

facility visits /admission hence reduced screening referral services at community level by

Community health Volunteers.

Nutrition status by MUAC

The nutrition status of the sampled children

using measurement of mid upper arm

circumference (MUAC) under five years of

age was stable and on a declining trend from

the month of August to December 2020 but

rose sharply in January 2021. The increment

in January was observed in the pastoral

livelihood zone and this was attributed to

reduction in milk production. The

malnutrition cases are expected to increase

further as the area is currently facing

insecurity challenges which have disrupted

markets hence affecting flow of household

incomes which would have been used to

purchase food

3.4 Trends of key food security indicators

Table 19: Food Security Trends

3.5 Education

Indicator Short rains assessment, January

2021

Long rains assessment,

July, 2020

% of maize stocks held

by households

84% 62%

Livestock body

condition (Cattle)

Agropastoral Good to Fair Agropastoral Good

Irrigated cropping Good Irrigated

cropping

Good

Mixed Farming Good Mixed

farming

Good

Pastoral-all species Fair Pastoral-all

species

Good

Water consumption

(litres per person per

day

Agropastoral 15-25 Agropastoral 20-25

Irrigated cropping 20-25 Irrigated

cropping

25-30

4.3%

9.5%8.8%

9.8%9.1%

4.2%

10.5%

Proportion of children 6 to 59 with

MUAC below 125mm in Baringo

County within July 2020-January 2021

Jul-20 Aug-20 Sep-20 Oct-20

Figure 12:Nutritional Status by MUAC

Figure SEQ Figure \* ARABIC 12: Nutrition status by

MUAC

27

3.5.1 Enrolment

Table 20: Enrolment

LEVEL TERM II 2021 TERM 1 2020 DEVIATION PERCENTAGE

ECD BOYS 25,283 27,360 2077 -7.6

GIRLS 24,143 22,753 1390 +6.1

TOTAL 49, 426 50,113 687 -1.4

PRY BOYS 71,237 76,801 5564 -7.2

GIRLS 66,929 71,760 4831 -6.7

TOTAL 138,166 148,561 10,395 -7

SEC BOYS 23,660 24,734 1,074 -4.3

GIRLS 25,094 25,995 901 -3.4

TOTAL 48,754 50,729 1,975 -3.8

ECDE enrolment during the opening of term II, 2021 reflected a deviation of boys’ -7.6 percent

and girl’s +6.1 percent from enrolment of term 1 2020 while in primary school enrolment showed

a deviation of -7.2 percent and -6.7 percent boys and girls respectively from enrolment in term 1,

2020 (Table 20).

Mixed Farming 20-25 Mixed

Farming

25-30

Pastoral-all species 12-15 Pastoral-all

species

20-25

Price of maize (per kg) Kshs 40 Kshs 47

Distance to grazing Agropastoral 4-9 Agropastoral 1-4

Irrigated cropping 1-3 Irrigated

cropping

0.5-1.5

Mixed Farming 1-3 Mixed

Farming

0.5-1.5

Pastoral-all species 4-10 Pastoral-all

species

1-5

Terms of trade (pastoral

zone)

75.4 56

Coping strategy index County-13

Agropastoral-17

Pastoral-13

Irrigated Cropping-4

County-13

Agropastoral-20

Pastoral-14

Irrigated Cropping-4

Food consumption

score

Acceptable 72.9 Acceptable 73.3

Borderline 25.2 Borderline 25.6

Poor 1.9 Poor 1.1

28

While in secondary schools, 4.3 percent of boys and 3.4 percent of girls didn’t report back to school

for term II 2021 and this was contributed by several factors including fear of contracting COVID-

19, lack of school fees, lack of school meals program, circumcision of boys, pregnancies among

school girls, charcoal burning, fishing, and motorbike businesses among others.

3.5.2 Effects of COVID-19 in schools

During the pandemic period, a number of parents and guardians lost their incomes and livelihoods

resulting from job layoffs and collapse of businesses, the loss of income meant that they could not

afford to pay school fees for their children. To mitigate on the loss of income by parents and

guardians it forced some students to be transferred from private schools to public schools

especially around urban areas such as Kabarnet and Mogotio towns. There were also other parents

who were yet to send their students back to school due to fear of contracting COVID-19 at school,

inability to buy masks and sanitizers for their children. During the prolonged closure of schools,

some parents took their boys for circumcision ceremonies and some of them are yet to return to

school mostly in the pastoral livelihood zone, while cases of teenage pregnancies were reported in

nearly all the schools. Total of 5,732 girls did not report back to school for term two for both

primary and secondary schools, for the girls not reporting back it was estimated that about 70

percent of the cases could have been due to pregnancies.

During the short rains period, there were no reports of infrastructure damages, food store damages,

child abuse, physical violence and school gender-based violence. Cases of child labour were

reported in pastoral areas of Baringo South mostly around the lakes where boys were engaged in

fishing as a result of rising levels of the lakes. The percentage of students accessing E-learning

offered by Kenya Institute of Curriculum Development (KICD) through various platforms was

less than 20 percent and this was contributed by a number of factors like poor internet connectivity,

lack of interest from students, lack of appropriate gadgets such as smart phones.

3.5.3 Effects of long rains on schools

There were schools that were affected by floods during the long rains season (MAM and JJA) and

are still marooned by the floods, these include Ngambo primary and secondary school, Lake

Bogoria Girls, Loruk primary and Day Mixed Secondary and Lake Baringo Secondary school

which was relocated to higher grounds.

3.5.4 School feeding program

The County benefits from two types of school meals these are: Home Grown School Meals

Program (HGSMP) and Regular School Meals Program (RSMP). A total of 28,582 (14,610 boys

and 13,972 girls) are under RSMP. The HGSMP program funds a total of 79,339 learners of whom

40,952 are boys while 38,387 are girls. A total of 107,921 students (55, 562 boys and 52,359 girls)

are under school feeding program while 39,286 students (20,696 boys and 18,590 girls) are not

under any school feeding program. All ECDE learners are supported by the two school feeding

programs. However, by end of January 2021, funds for HGSMP had not been disbursed to schools.

3.5.5 Inter Sector links

The National Government through the Ministry of Education (MOE) provided masks to some

schools, water tanks and teachers were trained to guide and counsel children during the opening

of term two 2021. Sensitize children on MOH COVID-19 protocols in schools particularly

observing social distance. The GOK through MOE have also provided desks to help maintain

social distance to few schools that were identified as very needy. These desks were provided at a

cost of Kes 2500.00 for primary schools and Kes 3,800 for secondary schools.

29

In secondary schools, funds were provided to expand classrooms to meet the MOH protocols and

funding of free day secondary education. The Ministry of Interior and Coordination of National

Government through the chiefs and Nyumba Kumi are continuing to collaborate in identifying

children who have not reported back to school.

4.0 FOOD SECURITY PROGNOSIS

4.1 Prognosis assumptions

30

● According to FEWSNET Food security outlook report of December 2021, international

forecasts and the Kenya Meteorological Department (KMD) predict that La Niña conditions

are expected to persist at least through April 2021. The Long rains season of 2021 will be

normal. High day light temperatures are expected to persist up to March 2021.

● COVID-19 cases are likely to persist in the first half of 2021 and therefore necessitating the

continuation of restrictions and other COVID-19 control measures.

● According to the Desert Locust Global Forecast by FAO, a small third generation of breeding

is likely to commence in October in Samburu County and other areas with residual swarms but

may be limited by the forecasted below-normal October to December short rains that will limit

the moisture needed for the hatching of laid eggs. However, with the change of monsoon winds

during the October-December short rains season, there is a risk of re-invasion from Ethiopia,

Somalia, and Yemen into Kenya. The swarms have already entered Kenya and Baringo has

experienced invasion.

● The ongoing conflict and security operations in Tiaty Sub County are likely to last through

February to March 2021. This will likely trigger livestock migrations within and outside the

County.

● Forage conditions in range lands are likely to deteriorate in pastoral and agropastoral areas due

to the depressed short rains season.

● Food prices are expected to be above normal in pastoral areas due to market disruptions due to

insecurity.

● Lake water levels will continue to be higher than normal and that the long rains will exacerbate

the situation.

● Water access and availability will be stressed in pastoral areas for the next two months

● Other than in pastoral areas, livestock body condition will remain good to fair. In pastoral

areas, livestock body condition is likely to deteriorate in the next two months.

● Malnutrition rates will be below the long-term means

4.2 Food security outlook

Food security outlook for the next three months (February, March, April)

Food consumption is likely to worsen more so in pastoral areas like Tiaty due to limited access to

food as market operations have been interrupted by conflict. Household in pastoral areas are

expected to employ more coping strategies to overcome food shortages. Water availability and

access will be stressed as the high temperatures being experienced in the County will increase the

evaporation of water resources from surface based open sources. Maize prices will remain below

the LTA apart from the pastoral areas while terms of trade will be unfavorable in areas

experiencing insecurity challenges due to low livestock prices and high food prices. Malnutrition

cases in the County are expected to remain stable other than pockets of pastoral areas where the

rates are likely to rise. Household stocks will remain stable and sustain the County up to the onset

of the next rainfall season. Household incomes are likely to decline with the re-introduction of the

pre COVID-19 tax rates hence less money to purchase food and non-food items.

Food security outlook (May, June, July)

31

Livestock body condition is expected to be good due to the availability of good forage occasioned

by the long rains season hence an increase in milk production is expected. Household stocks will

be lower than normal pending replenishment from the long rains harvest while water resources in

terms of access and availability will be normal as a result of water source recharge from the long

rains. Livestock and cereal prices are likely to be normal across the County as markets shall have

resumed normal operations after restoration of security in conflict prone areas. Sanitation and

hygiene will likely be compromised around areas bordering the lakes due to flooding. Crop

performance is expected to be good due to the forecasted normal long rains but the gains might be

reversed if another wave of locust invasion was to materialize. Household incomes are likely to

improve due to the expected better market prices for both crops and livestock which will lead to

an improvement in the terms of trade.

Food consumption at the household will be good due to improved household incomes and crop

yield while water consumption will be normal to above normal following recharge of water

sources. Milk consumption is expected to be normal following improvement in milk production

and therefore causing a reduction in malnutrition incidents in the County.

5.0 CONCLUSIONS AND INTERVENTIONS

32

5.1 Conclusions

5.1.1 Phase classifications

The phase classification for the County is stressed (IPC PHASE 2). Some populations in pastoral

livelihood zone that are facing insecurity challenges are likely are likely to fall into crisis due to

challenges of food access, though may not meet the threshold to classify the area under phase 3.

5.1.2 Summary of finding

The onset of the short rains season was early in the first dekad of October while the distribution in

terms of time and space was poor to fair. Amounts received were near normal with the western

and Northern parts of the County receiving more than 100 percent of their normal rains while

southern and eastern parts received less than 100 percent of their normal rains. The County is

facing security challenges mostly in Tiaty Sub County which has affected market operations and

other service delivery. Area under acreage for maize declined slightly for both rain fed and

irrigated agriculture due to depressed season while household stocks are above the long-term

average due to the carry overs from the long rains harvest. Forage conditions are good apart from

the pastoral livelihood zone where they are in poor to fair conditions while TLUs are lower than

LTAs but higher than what was recorded in the previous assessment. Milk production is normal

other than in pastoral areas where it is below normal while milk prices are above the long term

means across all the livelihood zones. No major livestock disease outbreak was reported. Cases of

market interruptions have been reported in pastoral areas that are currently facing security

challenges but in other parts of the County, market operations are normal. Water access and

availability is stable although in pastoral areas, return trekking distances are above normal with

available water in surface based open sources being less than 50 percent. The terms of trade are

stable and above the long term means due to the prevailing price stability in cereals and livestock.

Food consumption score is acceptable across the livelihood zones while water consumption is

normal. Milk consumption is below normal while milk prices are above the LTAs. Household are

applying normal coping strategies although households in pastoral and agro pastoral are applying

more coping strategies in comparison to other areas. Food consumption score is acceptable across

the County while milk consumption is below normal. Water consumption at household level is

normal while malnutrition cases are low and stable according to MUAC data. The overall county

IPC classification is in phase two.

5.1.3 Sub County ranking

Sub

County

Predominant

Livelihood

Food

security

rank (1-6)

Main food security threat / Contributing factors

Tiaty Pastoral 1 ● Conflict

● Poor forage

● Poor water quality

and quantity

● Malnutrition

● High food prices

● Market interruptions

● Disruption of

transport services

● Low livestock prices

● Livestock diseases

● Poor access to

extension services

33

Baringo

South

Irrigated/

Pastoral

2 ● Floods (Rising waters

of the lake)

● Conflict

● Livestock diseases

● Displacement of

populations

● Disruption of

livelihoods

● Poor forage

● Poor water quality

and quantity

● Malnutrition

Baringo

North

Agropastoral 3 ● Floods (Rising waters

of the lake)

● Conflict

● Displacement of

populations

● Human wildlife

conflict

● Disruption of

livelihoods

● Poor forage

● Poor water quality

and quantity

● Malnutrition

Mogotio Agropastoral 4 ● Poor water quality

● Fair forage conditions

● Pasture harvesting

and conservation

Baringo

Centra

Mixed

Farming

5 ● Functional markets

● Better access roads

● Availability of green

vegetables and fruits

Eldama

Ravine

Mixed

Farming

6 ● Stable farm produce

● Good forage

conditions

Very Good (5-6) Good (4) Fair (3) Poor (1-2)

5.2 Ongoing interventions

5.2.1 Food interventions

There are no ongoing food interventions for now.

5.2.2 Nonfood interventions

Agriculture sector

Sub County Intervention Ward No. of

beneficiari

es

Implemente

rs

Impacts

in terms

of food

security

Cost Time

Frame

34

Baringo

South,

Baringo

North, Tiaty

East and

West,

Baringo

Central

Resilient

building

program to

households

invaded by

DL- Supply

of farm

inputs

(Seeds,

Fertilizer,

Pond Liners,

Kitchen

Garden

materials

Saimo Soi,

Saimo

Kipsaraman,

Sacho, Ewalel

ChapChap,

Churo/Amaya,

Tangulbei/Kor

ossi, Mukutani,

Mochongoi

3,275 FAO,

County

Government

of Baringo,

Forest

Action

Network

(FAN)

Restoratio

n of

livelihood

s

destroyed

by DL

2.3 M Novembe

r 2020-

February

2021

Baringo

South

Lining of

Sandai

Irrigation

scheme

Mochongoi 1200 National

Irrigation

Authority

Increased

area under

irrigated

agricultur

e

84 M 2020-

2021

Baringo north Rehabilitatio

n and

expansion of

Kiboi

irrigation

scheme

Barwessa 500 Ministry of

agriculture

and national

government

Improved

food

supply

250M 2013-

2021

ALL Youth in

Agri

Business

ALL 62 youth

Groups

WFP,

County

Government

Increase

engageme

nt of

Youth in

Agribusin

ess

2019-

2022

ALL Nutrition

Sensitive and

Food

Utilization

initiatives

ALL 25,000 WFP, SHA,

County

Government

of Baringo,

DRLSP,

KCSAP,

National

Government

Increased

household

food

nutrition

and

stability in

food

security

300 M 2019-

2022

Livestock sector

Sub County Intervention Ward No. of

beneficiari

es

Implemente

rs

Impacts

in terms

of food

security

Cost Time

Frame

Baringo

North

Livestock

upgrading

600HH BCG,

RPLRP,

WFP

Increased

productio

n

1.2M Aug2020

-onwards

Tiaty Capacity

strengthenin

g to Youth

groups and

communities

1,200 Resilience

building to

HHs

through

youth

16.8M Sept

2020-

Jan,2021

35

on pasture,

beekeeping

and trainings

County-wise Provision of

pasture seeds

200HH BCG Pasture

availabilit

y during

drought

period

2.M July,202

0-

presently

Baringo

south,

Baringo

north, Tiaty,

Baringo

central,

Mogotio,

2,500Kg WFP Increased

income

and food

2M Sept,

2020-

Dec,

2020

Tiaty Provision of

beehives

3,000HH Boost

livestock

Health

2M On-going

Baringo

North

Vaccination

against

CCPP, PPR,

LSD.

2000HH BCG

RPLRP

Improve

communit

y

livelihood

On-

gointg

Countywide Capacity

building of

Farmers and

staff.

1,000HH BCG(MOA

LF)

Well

Infirmed

staff and

farmers

for best

practices

1m Through

out

Water sector

Countywide Water

trucking

30

Institutions

BCG 1 M On going

Countywide BHs

rehabilitation

380HH BCG, NG,

KRCS,

ADS,

UNCEF

10M On going

Countywide COVID-19 -

19 PVC

Tanks

Installations /

Pre-

positioning

210 BCG/ ADS

Church AID

2.3M Partially

Complete

Countywide Construction

of New water

Projects

1560HH BCG, NG, 46M On going

Countywide Rehabilitatio

n of BHs

2155 HH BCG, NG,

RCS, WV

On

going

Countywide Drilling and

Equipping of

BHs

2620 HH BCG, NG,

ADS

25 M On

going

36

Countywide Capacity

building on

water

management

and

Catchment

protection

2130 HH BCG,

PLRRP,

RCS, WV,

UNCEF

20M On going

Health and Nutrition

BFCI

implementati

on

Building the

capacity of

CHV’s and

caregivers on

BFCI

Kolowa and

Lokis Wards in

Tiaty West

Pregnant,

Lactating

mothers

and

children

below 2

years

15M 15,000 ongoin

g

WVK,

FSK and

BCG

Support

formation of

new M2MSG

and CMSG,

and monthly

meetings of

M2MSG

Ptikii, Kreese

and Chepturu

CUs Tiaty West

Pregnant,

Lactating

mothers

and

children

below 2

years

10M 15,000 Feb

2021 –

April

2021

WVK,

FSK and

BCG

IMAM surge

strengthening

and

implementati

on

Real time

monitoring

of new

admission in

health

facilities and

real time

update of the

dash board

16 facilities in

Tiaty

Pregnant,

Lactating

mothers

and

children

below 2

years

2.0M 50,000 On

going

UNICEF,

MOH

Strengthen

LMIS

Timely

monthly

requisition of

nutrition

commodities

for treatment

of severe

malnutrition

All sub

counties-120

health facilities

offering IMAM

Severely

Malnouris

hed

children

below 5

years

100,000 3000 ongoin

g

SCNC,

CNO

Nutrition

sensitive

activities-

Strengthenin

g Household

food and

Nutrition

security

Establishmen

t of Kitchen

gardens and

small animal

raring to

promote

dietary

diversificatio

n

Tiaty, Baringo,

south, Central,

North and

Mogotio

Pregnant,

Lactating

mothers

and

children

below 5

years

5,0M 100,000 Ongoi

ng

WFP

Strengthenin

g Vit A

supplementat

ion

Upscaling

routine Vit

A,

deworming

supplementat

All facilities

and ECD’s --

Baringo

County

children

below 5

years

2,200,000 80,000 ongoin

g

BCG,

UNICEF,

Afya

uzazi

37

ion in all

facilities,

outreaches

and ECD and

through

Malezi bora

weeks-June

and

December

every year

Zinc

Supplementat

ion

Strengthen

management

of diarrheal

diseases

All health

facilities

children

below 5

years

867,000 75,000 Ongoi

ng

routine

BCG,

UNICEF

Management

of Acute

Malnutrition

(IMAM 100

health

facilities

Strengthen

access to

treatment of

malnutrition

All 100 IMAM

facilities

PLW,

Children

below 5

years

22,000,000 30,000 ongoin

g

MOH-

National,

BCG,

UNICEF

5.3 Recommended interventions

5.3.1 Food interventions

Population in need of food assistance

Sub-County Food

security rank

(Worst to best)

Main food security threat

/ Contributing factors

Proportion in need of

Immediate food

assistance (%)

Tiaty 1 ● Conflict

● Poor forage

● Poor water quality and quantity

● Malnutrition

● High food prices

● Market interruptions

● Disruption of transport services

● Low livestock prices

● Livestock diseases

● Poor access to extension services

25%-30%

Baringo South 2 ● Floods (Rising waters of the lake)

● Conflict

● Livestock diseases

● Displacement of populations

● Disruption of livelihoods

● Poor forage

● Poor water quality and quantity

● Malnutrition

10%-15%

38

Baringo North 3 ● Floods (Rising waters of the lake)

● Conflict

● Displacement of populations

● Human wildlife conflict

● Disruption of livelihoods

● Poor forage

● Poor water quality and quantity

● Malnutrition

10%-15%

5.3.2 Nonfood interventions

Agriculture sector recommendations

Sub County Intervention Ward No. of

beneficiar

ies

Implementers Impacts in

terms of

food

security

Cost Time

Frame

Countywide Inputs

provision

(Seeds,

Kitchen

Garden

Materials,

Fertilizers)

including

capacity

building on

post-harvest

and safe use of

chemicals

all 10000 National

Government,

County

Government and

FAO, WFP Other

development

partners,

Finances

(Kshs 50

million)

Staff 2019-

2022

County wide Value addition

of produce

cereals

(Maize,

Sorghum and

Millet)

through

milling and

fortification of

flour and

Market

linkages

Mogoti

o,

Mariga

t

Tenges

2000 WFP and County

Government of

Baringo

56M Staff,

Groups

identifie

d for

support

2019-

2022

39

Countywide Enhance asset

creation for

households

especially

Farm ponds

and water pans

for food

production

especially

Kitchen

Gardening

10000 National

Government,

County

Government and

development

partners

Finances

(Kshs 200

Million)

Staff 2019-

2022

Countywide Enhance

irrigated

Agriculture by

conducting

Soil analysis

and crops

suitability

surveys in all

irrigation

schemes and

canaling

All National

Government,

County

Government and

development

partners

Finances

(Kshs 200

Million)

Staff 2019-

2022

Livestock sector recommendations

-B/North,

Mogotio &

Tiaty(LSD,

CCPP)

-Vaccination

against, CCPP,

LSD and PPR

BCG, National

government and

Development

partners

4M - Feb,2021

-May,

2021

Tiaty,

B/North(LS

D)

-Disease

surveillance

270,000

goats

BCG 20M 0.5M Mar,202

1-June,

2021

Countywide Establishment

of strategic

livestock feed

reserves; in

ward level 3 in

Tiaty, 2 in

Baringo North

2 in Baringo

south and 1 in

Mogotio

4,500HH 80m Feb

2021-

Dec,202

1

Countywide Hay

harvesting and

baling

machinery

41,500HH 60m Feb

2021-

Dec,202

1

Countywide Provision of

COVID-19 -

19 control

facilities and

like masks,

water washing

tanks and

41,500HH

BCG

RPLRP

KCSAP

20m Feb,2021

-

Onwards

40

related

sanitizers

-COVID-19 -

19

sensitization at

markets

Water sector interventions

Countywide 15 No. Water

Supply

Rehabilitation

/ upgrading /

Servicing and

replacement of

pumping units

2480HH BCG, NG,

KRCS, WV,

UNCEF,

ACTED, USAID,

NDMA

120M 10M 1- 6

months

Countywide Stock piling of

Fast-Moving

Spares 18 No.

community

water supplies

1,260 HHs

ASAL

areas

BCG, NG,

KRCS, WV,

UNCEF, NDMA

300,000 _ 1- 6

months

Countywide Capacity

Strengthening

on WASH /

Water

Management

and Catchment

protection

30 No.

Communit

y Water

supplies

BCG, NG,

KRCS, WV,

UNCEF,

ACTED,

ACTION AID,

USAID, NDMA

10 M _ 1- 6

months

Countywide Supply of

Water

treatment

equipment’s

like water

purifiers, Pur,

Aqua tabs etc

3,000HHs BCG, NG,

KRCS, WV,

UNCEF,

ACTED,

ACTION AID,

USAID, NDMA

6 M - 1 -6

Months

Countywide Water trucking

to vulnerable

Institutions

and

Communities

40-60

Institutions

BCG, NG,

KRCS, WV,

UNCEF,

ACTED,

ACTION AID,

USAID, NEMA,

NDMA, WFP

3.5M 1 M 1 -6

Months

Health Sector interventions

Pastoral and

agropastoral

Zones

Mass

screening

50 sites County

department of

health services,

KRCS, UNICEF

Catholic mission,

NDMA

1,500,000 0 1 year

East Pokot,

Baringo

North,

Integrated

medical

outreaches

30 sites County

department of

health services,

KRCS, UNICEF,

5,000,000 1,000,00

0

1 year

41

Marigat &

Mogotio

Action aid,

catholic, NDMA

pastoral and

agro –

pastoral

Zones

Purchase and

distribute

water

treatment

drugs and

chemicals

All County

department of

health services,

UNICEF, KRCS,

ACTIONAID

WVK

3,000,000

1,000,00

0

1 year

All pastoral

and

agropastoral

Dissemination

of health and

nutrition

messages to

the community

35 CUs

County

County

department of

health services,

UNICEF, KRCS,

ACTIONAID

WVK

4,000,000 200,000 1 year

Tiaty East,

East Pokot,

Marigat,

Baringo,

North,

Mogotio and

Baringo

central

Nutrition

sensitive

interventions-

scale-up

18 wards County

department of

health services,

WFP, Self Help

Africa (SHA)

10,0000,00

0

2,000,00

0

1 year

imam surge

in 40 health

facilities

Implement

imam surge

Tiaty East,

West,

Baringo

North and

South

County

department of

health services,

UNICEF, KRCS,

ACTIONAID,

WVK, NDMA

6,000,000 1,500,00

0

1 year

Pastoral and

agropastoral

zones

Trained

caregivers on

family MUAC

11 sentinel

sites

County

department of

health services,

UNICEF, KRCS,

ACTION AID,

WVK, NDMA

3,000,000 0 1 year