Baring-Gould. The lives of the saints. 1897. Volume 16

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    LIBRARYBrigham Young University

    FROM

    n:" ^H h7: IMIM.IBcKaS

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    Date Due

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    ^_ !

    THE

    5.t\)es of tl)e S>atntsREV. S. BARING-GOULD

    SIXTEEN VOLUMESVOLUME THE SIXTEENTH

    ^ppentitx Uolunte

    ^ ^

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    __

    T/iis yo/ume contains Two Indicesto the Sixteen Volumes of thework, one an Index of the Saintswhose Lives are given, and the othera Subject Index.

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    *-8^a *THE

    libeg of t!)e ^amteREV. S. BARING-GOULD, M.A.

    New Edition in i6 Volumes

    Revised with Introduction and Additional Lives ofEnglish Martyrs, Cornish and Welsh Saints,

    and a full Index to the Entire Work

    ILLUSTRATED BY OVER 400 ENGRAVINGSVOLUME THE SIXTEENTH

    ^ppentiix ITolume

    191191LONDONJOHN C. NIMMONEW YORK: LONGMANS, GREEN, &- CO.MDCCCXCVIII

    4

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    Printed by Ballantyne, Hanson &* Co.At the Ballantyne Press

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    CONTENTSThe Celtic Church and its Saints .Brittany : its Princes and Saints .Pedigrees of Saintly Families ....A Celtic and English Kalendar of Saints

    Proper to the Welsh, Cornish, Scottish,Irish, Breton, and English People .

    Catalogue of the Materials Available forthe Pedigrees of the British Saints

    ErrataIndex to Saints whose Lives are GivenIndex to Subjects

    PAGES1-86

    87- 1 20121-158

    159-326

    327329333364

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    >^ -*VI Co7itents

    LIST OF ADDITIONAL LIVES GIVEN IN THECELTIC AND ENGLISH KALENDAR

    S. Aaron .AelhaiamAfan . .Aidan .AlburgaAldate .Alfred theAlfric .AlmedhaAmaethluArmel .Arnulf .Austell .Auxilius

    Great

    275B

    Baithen or BaitanBarrwg or BarrucBeuno .Birstan . .Bodfan . . ,Boethius .Boisil . . ,Bregwyn . .Brinstan . .Bristan . . .Brother!Brynach WyddelBudoc .Buith . . .Buriana . .

    PAGE245288

    179285305258325264268243

    , 316

    232317214294229321269294294281209321321226

    S. Cadfan 288 Cadoc . . . 174, 325 Cadwaladr . . . 280 Caian 276

    PACECallwen . . . .288Canog 279Caranog or Carantog 222Caron 193Cathan 222Catherine Audley . 314Cawrdaf . . . .319Ceadwalla . . . .213Ceitho 287Celynin, son ofCynyr Farfdrwch 287Celynin, son of

    Heli^CewyddCian . .CledwynClementClether

    .

    Clydai .Clydog .ClydwynCollen .ColmanConan .ConlaethConstantineConval .Cowair .CreirwyCrewennaCristiolusCumine theCungar

    .

    Curig .CuthbertCwyfan orCwyllogCybi . .Cynbryd

    White

    Cwyfen

    310245321287197265288294287223184176195198277251192179294186301236285230168279197

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    CynddiligCyndeyrnCynfab .CynfarchCynfarwyCynfranCyngar

    .

    CynhafalCynidr .Cynllo .Cynog .Cynwyl

    .

    CyriaciisCywair .Cywyllog

    DS. Dagasus Dagan . . David . . Deghadh . Deifer . . Deiniolpenter . Deiniol the Yi Deiniolen Deiniolfab

    .

    Derfel Gadar Deruvianus Digain . Dihaer . Diheifyr Dingad. Docmael Doewan Dogfan. Dogmael Dogvvan Domneva Dona , Drostan Dubricius Dubricius,

    tion of Dubtach

    Car-ounger

    Transla

    293254305302303301279216253279217236251168

    265228187265193273313313313207310193193287234252252234309293322304

    M

    228280

    S. Dunawd Fawr Dunchad Dwynwen,, Dyfan . Dyfnan

    .

    Dyfnog. Dyfrig, Translation

    of . . .SS Dyfrwyr, the

    ES. Eadburg . Eadfrid. . Eadsin .,, Ealsitha Easterwin .,, Edbert . .,, Edburga .,, Edeyrn . . Edmund, C. Edmund, K Edwen . . Efflam . . Egbert . .,, Egelwin,, Eigrad . . Einion . . Elaeth the Ki Eldad . .,, Elian Geimia,, Elined . .,, Ellidius Elstan . .,, Enghencdl Enoder or Cy,, Erbin . . Erfyl . . Erme . . Ermel . . Ermenburga,, Ermengytha Ernan . . Etheldwitha Ethelgiva .,, Ethelhard .

    nidr170,

    FAGK272201

    2116183

    29;

    235284285253193266235it)8278310297297309318167180303179170258259208278216228248264264309257i6r25332122

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    6 Lives of the Saints.when they received a veneer of Roman culture. Theimperial system, if it had not destroyed, had weakened thattribal cohesion under hereditary chiefs which was theform of national organisation to which they had developedwhen the iron hand of Rome smote them and arrested thenatural and logical growth of their free institutions inaccordance with the genius of the race. The people wereforced by three centuries of Roman domination to obeythe governor sent them from abroad, and not their nativechief. And when the Roman legions were withdrawn, thatorganisation which would have mustered them and com-pacted them to form a front against the enemy was buta shadow of what had once been a reality. Buffeted on theeast by the Saxons, on the north by the Picts, exposedon the west to the Irish Goidels, they were no longer ina position to help themselves.

    Julius Caesar had invaded Britain in 55 B.C., and againin the ensuing summer ; but really nothing was done tosubjugate the island till Aulus Plautius was despatched toit in A.D. 43, at the head of four legions and Gallic auxili-aries. Under Ostorius Scapula, a.d. 50, further advancewas made, but the Silures and the Ordovices held out, andit was not till after nine years of w^arfare that the gallantCaradoc, prince of the Silures, but of Celtic origin andfamily, was finally defeated and taken. Suetonius Paulinus,in A.D. 58, was appointed, and after three years of success-ful warfare reduced Mona, the stronghold of the Druids.But the man who finally established the dominion of theRomans in the island was Agricola, who governed it from78 to 85.

    Britain enjoyed comparative tranquillity under theRoman rule till the decline of the Empire.The incursions of the Picts from Caledonia was pro-

    bably due to their eastern coast being itself infested with

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    The Celtic Church and its Saints. 9from which the hold of the Briton was never whollyrelaxed.

    Constantius Chlorus, father of Constantine, disapprovedof persecution, and from his time to about 368 there is norecord of anything taking place in Britain. At that dateMagnus Clemens Maximus, a Spanish soldier, served in acampaign against the Picts. According to Welsh accountshe was given a command in Wales, where he ruled withgreat humanity, and was much liked. He married Elen,daughter of Eudaf (Octavius), prince of Ewyas, or part ofMonmouth and Hereford, and by her he had three sons,saints, so that, doubtless, he was a Christian. To Elen isattributed the remarkable road, the Sarn Helen, that runsthrough Wales. A fourth son of Maximus and Elen, Con-stantine, is not supposed to have possessed distinguishedsanctity.The predilection of the Emperor Gratian for foreign bar-

    barians excited discontent among the legions in Britain, andperhaps served them as an excuse for revolt, whereuponMaximus was proclaimed emperor in 383. He immedi-ately collected all the troops stationed in Britain and crossedinto Gaul. Gratian was defeated near Paris, and was slainwhen escaping into Italy. Gaul, Spain, and Britain nowacknowledged Maximus, who exhibited commendable mode-ration in the use of his power, and was able to boast thathis elevation had caused no loss of Roman lives, save onthe battlefield. He fixed his court at Treves, and there,professing his orthodoxy, acquired the disgraceful notorietyof being the first Christian sovereign to shed the blood ofhis subjects for holding heretical opinions. This was in385, and the case is related in the life of S. Martin(November, p. 254). Maximus induced his brother-in-law,Cynan Meiriadog, to lead an army of picked British soldiersto his assistance, to the number, it is said, of 60,000 men,

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