Bar Code Tech Documentation

7/21/2019 Bar Code Tech Documentation

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/bar-code-tech-documentation 1/32

BARCODING



BARCODING

A Seminar reportSubmitted in Partial Fulfillment of

the Requirements for the Degree of

BAC!"OR OF #!CNO"OG$

In

!le%troni%s & %ommuni%ation engineering

b'

CAPA(SRIR!)A*+,-A+A./01 2

BRI""IAN# INS#I#3#! OF !NGIN!!RING & #!CNO"OG$

Abdullapur (V), Hayath Nagar (M), R.R District.2014-201

BRI""IAN# INS#I#3#! OF !NGIN!!RING &

#!CNO"OG$Abdullapur (V), Hayath Nagar (M), R.R District.



C!R#IFICA#!

!his is t" c#rti$y that th# %#&i'ar R#p"rt #'titl#d

*AR+DN / is sub&itt#d

by --------+HAA.%RRHA--------------------b#ari'g R"ll N" 123A1A04 i'

V5V *.!#ch.(+).

Super4isor ead of the Department



Abstract67a&pl# ta8# a s#ll#r, b#$"r# i'9#'ti'g barc"d#s, h# us#s a pric# list $"r 8'":i'g th#d#tails "$ it#&. *ut it is 9#ry c"'su&i'g $"r b"th s#archi'g a'd pr#pari'g th# pric# list.

;at#r this r#tail "utl#t is c"&put#ri<#d .' th#s# d#tails "$ it#&s :#r# alr#ady 8#pt i'

databas#. =si'g th# c"d# 'u&b#r "$ th# it#& th# s#ll#r acc#ss th# d#tails "$ th# it#&. *ut

h#r# als" s"&# pr"bl#&s aris#. ># &ust r#&#&b#r th# c"d# 'u&b#r "$ #ach it#& a'd:h#'#9#r th# pric# cha'g#s, :# &ust updat# th# #'tir# databas#. $ '#: pr"duct c"&#s

i't" #7ist#'c#, th#' :# ha9# t" gi9# '#: c"d# t" that pr"duct. t is ris8y pr"c#ss.

$ :# us# barc"d#s, th#r# is '" such pr"bl#&. ># g#t "'li'# i'$"r&ati"' :ith"ut gi9i'g

a'y data t" th# c"&put#r. $ th# &a'u$acturi'g c"&pa'y pr"duc#s larg# ?ua'tity "$ pr"ducts, th#' th#s# barc"d#s ar# 9#ry us#$ul.

!h# id#a :as c"&# i' 1@2.*ut it i&pl#&#'t ta8# &a'y y#ars. !h# actual usag# "$

barc"d#s :as start#d i' [email protected]"& last 1 y#ars usag# "$ barc"d#s i'cr#as#s rapidly.

Birst barc"d# pr"duct is >r#'glyCs ch#c8i'g su& a'd it is sca''#d at &arshCs sup#r

&ar8#t ar"u'd 2 y#ars ag". !h#' th# littl# barc"d# has i'cr#as#d a'd &ultitud# a'd

t"day "'# ca' s## barc"d#s pri't#d "' #9#ry it#& i' r#tailCs st"r#s thr"ugh"ut th# :"rld.

N": :# ar# "bs#r9i'g th#s# barc"d#s i' #9#ry it#& that :# c"&# acr"ss. !his is us#$ul

$"r b"th &a'u$actur#r a'd s#ll#r.

>hat is barc"d# t c"'sists "$ parall#l a'd adEac#'t bars. t als" c"'sists "$ s"&# 'arr":

bars a'd s"&# :id# bars. !h# :idth a'd h#ight "$ bars ar# sp#ci$i#d acc"rdi'g t" th#

'u&b#rs "r charact#rs gi9#' t" it. *ut th# actual data 8#pt "' th# bars. !h#s# 'u&b#rsar# "'ly $"r r#$#r#'c#s.

%tructur# "$ barc"d#s !h# basic structur# "$ barc"d#s c"'sists "$ a start a'd st"p

charact#rs. A'd "'# "r &"r# data charact#rs a'd a ch#c8 su& charact#r.

%tart a'd st"p charact#rs ar# us#$ul $"r barc"d# r#ad#rs $"r 8'":i'g :h#r# th# barc"d# is

start#d a'd :h#r# it is #'d#d. !h# data charact#r c"'sists "$ batch 'u&b#r, pric# "$ th#it#&, c"u'try 'a&#, it#& c"d# #tc. !h# ch#c8 su& charact#r is us#d $"r 8'":i'g :h#th#r

th# barc"d# r#ad#r sca' th# barc"d# c"rr#ctly "r '"t.

http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-u0_vpI0zmIA/U0bBBp1BJqI/AAAAAAAAGcc/AXTtfWnHD74/s1600/bar+codes.png



CON#!N#S5

• IN#ROD3C#ION(

• #$P!S OF BARCOD!S(

• BARCOD! R!AD!RS(

• BARCOD! SCANN!RS(

• BARCOD! PRIN#!RS(

• BARCOD! SOF#6AR!(

• APP"ICA#IONS OF BARCOD!S(

• "I7I#A#IONS OF BARCOD!S(

• B!N!FI#S OF BARCOD!S(

• CONC"3SION(



CAP#!R +

IN#ROD3C#ION5

7a&pl# ta8# a s#ll#r, b#$"r# i'9#'ti'g barc"d#s, h# us#s a pric# list

$"r 8'":i'g th# d#tails "$ it#&. *ut it is 9#ry c"'su&i'g $"r b"th s#archi'g

a'd pr#pari'g th# pric# list. ;at#r this r#tail "utl#t is c"&put#ri<#d .' th#s#

d#tails "$ it#&s :#r# alr#ady 8#pt i' databas#. =si'g th# c"d# 'u&b#r "$ th#

it#& th# s#ll#r acc#ss th# d#tails "$ th# it#&. *ut h#r# als" s"&# pr"bl#&s

aris#. ># &ust r#&#&b#r th# c"d# 'u&b#r "$ #ach it#& a'd :h#'#9#r th#

pric# cha'g#s, :# &ust updat# th# #'tir# databas#. $ '#: pr"duct c"&#s

i't" #7ist#'c#, th#' :# ha9# t" gi9# '#: c"d# t" that pr"duct. t is ris8y

pr"c#ss.

$ :# us# barc"d#s, th#r# is '" such pr"bl#&. ># g#t "'li'#

i'$"r&ati"' :ith"ut gi9i'g a'y data t" th# c"&put#r. $ th# &a'u$acturi'g

c"&pa'y pr"duc#s larg# ?ua'tity "$ pr"ducts, th#' th#s# barc"d#s ar# 9#ry

us#$ul.

!h# id#a :as c"&# i' 1@2.*ut it i&pl#&#'t ta8# &a'y y#ars. !h#

actual usag# "$ barc"d#s :as start#d i' [email protected]"& last 1 y#ars usag# "$

barc"d#s i'cr#as#s rapidly.

Birst barc"d# pr"duct is >r#'glyCs ch#c8i'g su& a'd it is sca''#d at

&arshCs sup#r &ar8#t ar"u'd 2 y#ars ag". !h#' th# littl# barc"d# has



i'cr#as#d a'd &ultitud# a'd t"day "'# ca' s## barc"d#s pri't#d "' #9#ry

it#& i' r#tailCs st"r#s thr"ugh"ut th# :"rld.

N": :# ar# "bs#r9i'g th#s# barc"d#s i' #9#ry it#& that :# c"&#acr"ss. !his is us#$ul $"r b"th &a'u$actur#r a'd s#ll#r.

>hat is barc"d# t c"'sists "$ parall#l a'd adEac#'t bars. t als"

c"'sists "$ s"&# 'arr": bars a'd s"&# :id# bars. !h# :idth a'd h#ight "$

bars ar# sp#ci$i#d acc"rdi'g t" th# 'u&b#rs "r charact#rs gi9#' t" it. *ut th#

actual data 8#pt "' th# bars. !h#s# 'u&b#rs ar# "'ly $"r r#$#r#'c#s.

%tructur# "$ barc"d#s !h# basic structur# "$ barc"d#s c"'sists "$ a

start a'd st"p charact#rs. A'd "'# "r &"r# data charact#rs a'd a ch#c8 su&

charact#r.

%tart a'd st"p charact#rs ar# us#$ul $"r barc"d# r#ad#rs $"r 8'":i'g

:h#r# th# barc"d# is start#d a'd :h#r# it is #'d#d. !h# data charact#r

c"'sists "$ batch 'u&b#r, pric# "$ th# it#&, c"u'try 'a&#, it#& c"d# #tc.!h# ch#c8 su& charact#r is us#d $"r 8'":i'g :h#th#r th# barc"d# r#ad#r

sca' th# barc"d# c"rr#ctly "r '"t.

!8ample of the bar %ode from a 09liter bottle of Diet Co:e



FIG3R!(+

1.1. 6hat is Bar%ode ;

A barc"d# is a' "ptical &achi'#-r#adabl# r#pr#s#'tati"' "$ data, :hich

sh":s c#rtai' data "' c#rtai' pr"ducts. rigi'ally, barc"d#s r#pr#s#'t#d

data i' th# :idths (li'#s) a'd th# spaci'gs "$ parall#l li'#s, a'd &ay b#

r#$#rr#d t" as li'#ar "r 1D (1 di&#'si"'al) barc"d#s "r sy&b"l"gi#s. !h#y

als" c"&# i' patt#r's "$ s?uar#s, d"ts, h#7ag"'s a'd "th#r g#"&#tric

patt#r's :ithi' i&ag#s t#r&#d 2D (2 di&#'si"'al) &atri7 c"d#s "r

sy&b"l"gi#s. Alth"ugh 2D syst#&s us# sy&b"ls "th#r tha' bars, th#y ar#

g#'#rally r#$#rr#d t" as barc"d#s as :#ll. *arc"d#s ca' b# r#ad by "ptical

sca''#rs call#d barc"d# r#ad#rs, "r sca''#d $r"& a' i&ag# by sp#cial

s"$t:ar#.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine-readable

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_scanner


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barcode_reader



http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barcode_reader

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine-readable



FIG3R! <,=

1.2. o> It 6or:s;

!h# last digit "$ th# =+ c"d# is call#d a ch#c8 digit.

FIG3R! <0=

+( Add t"g#th#r th# 9alu# "$ all "$ th# digits i' "dd p"siti"'s (digits 1, ,

, , @ a'd 11).

. ? 1 ? @ ? + ? / ? , +

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:UPC_A.svg



,( Multiply that 'u&b#r by .

+ 0 1@

0( Add t"g#th#r th# 9alu# "$ all "$ th# digits i' #9#' p"siti"'s (digits 2, 4,

F, G a'd 10).

@ ? ? E ? ? + ,E

/( Add this su& t" th# 9alu# i' st#p 2.

1@ ? ,E E@

1( !a8# th# 'u&b#r i' %t#p 4. !" cr#at# th# ch#c8 digit, d#t#r&i'# th#

'u&b#r that, :h#' add#d t" th# 'u&b#r i' st#p 4, is a &ultipl# "$ 10.

E1 ? 1 .

CAP#!R9,

,(+ #$P!S OF BARCOD!S5

># ar# usi'g thr## typ#s "$ barc"d#s. !h#y ar#-

+(Numeri%9onl' bar%odes(

,(Alpha9 numeri% bar%odes(

0(#>o9dimentional bar%odes(

+(Numeri%9onl' bar%odes5



!his typ# "$ barc"d#s r#pr#s#'ts "'ly 'u&b#rs. !h#s# 'u&#ric "'ly

barc"d#s ar# &"stly us#d i' r#tail &ar8#t a'd &a'u$acturi'g i'dustry.

%y&b"lagi#s us#d i' 'u&#ric-"'ly barc"d#s ar#-

!AN9+05

!h#s# barc"d# sta'dard is us#d by all "9#r th# :"rld #7c#pt A&#rica

a'd +a'ada. !his is &ai'ly us#d i' r#tail sal#s. t c"'sists "$ 1 'u&b#rs.

Birst 2 "r 'u&b#r r#pr#s#'ts c"u'try 'a&# :h#r# th# pr"duct is

&a'u$actur#d a'd '#7t 4 "r 'u&b#rs r#pr#s#'ts c"d#. N#7t 'u&b#rs

r#pr#s#'ts pr"duct a'd last 'u&b#r r#pr#s#'ts ch#c8 su&.

+h#c8 su& is us#d t" 8'": :h#th#r th# barc"d# is sca''#d

c"rr#ctly "r '"t. t is pr#par#d usi'g b#$"r# 12 'u&b#rs. !h# ch#c8 su& is

pr#par#d bas#d "' &"dul"10 calculati"'. Birst it ta8#s th# #9#' 'u&b#r

su& a'd &ultipli#d it :ith .!h#' add "dd 'u&b#r su& a'd subtract this

9alu# $r"& th# '#ar#st 10 &ultipl#. !h#' th# 9alu# is #?ual t" last digit "$

th# barc"d#.

>h#' th# pr"duct is sca''#d, th#' it calculat#s th# ch#c8 su&. $ it

&atch#s th#' :# ca' id#'ti$y that th# barc"d# is sca''#d c"rr#ctly.

!AN9E5

!his is si&ilar t" a'-1. !h# "'ly di$$#r#'c# is, AN-1 us#s 1

'u&b#rs :h#r# as AN-G us#s G 'u&b#rs. $ "'ly l#ss spac# a9ailabl# $"r a

pr"duct "r t" r#pr#s#'t l#ss data th#' this sy&b"l is us#d. t is a c"&pr#ss#d

9#rsi"'.



3PC9A5

A&#rica a'd +a'ada us# this barc"d#s. !h# pr"ducts &a'u$actur#d

s"ld by A&#rica a'd +a'ada us# this barc"d#. >h#' a'y "th#r c"u'tri#s:a't t" s#ll th#ir pr"ducts t" A&#rica a'd +a'ada th#s# typ# "$ barc"d#s

ar# &ust.

t c"'sists "$ 12 'u&b#rs. Birst 'u&b#r r#pr#s#'ts $"r :hich th#

pr"duct is us#d a'd th# '#7t 'u&b#rs r#pr#s#'ts th# &a'u$actur#d D a'd

'#7t 'u&b#rs r#pr#s#'ts th# c"d# "$ that pr"duct a'd th# last 'u&b#r

r#pr#s#'ts ch#c8 su&.

!h# ch#c8 su& calculati"' is si&ilar t" calculati"' i' AN. *ut th#

&#th"d us#d $"r #9#' a'd "dd 'u&b#rs is di$$#r#'t. ' AN, :# &ultiply

#9#' 'u&b#r su& :ith but h#r#, :# &ultiply th# "dd 'u&b#r su& :ith

R#&ai'i'g is sa&# as AN.

,(Alpha9 numeri% bar%odes5

' this barc"d#s, b"th 'u&b#rs a'd charact#rs. !h# syb"l"gi#s us#d i'

this typ# "$ barc"d#s ar#-

COD! 05

t is us#d i' all $act"ri#s a'd g"9#r'&#'t "rga'i<ati"' i' all "9#r th#

:"rld. !his sy&b"l is als" call#d as =D- "r "$@.!his r#c"g'i<#d by

AN%. !h# bars i' c"d# r#pr#s#'ts 0 t" @ digits, A- charact#rs a'd sp#cial



charact#rs. ach barc"d# c"'sists "$ start a'd st"p charact#r. ach charact#r

c"'sists "$ 1 barc"d# #l#&#'ts. t d"#s'Ct c"'sist "$ ch#c8 su&.

COD! 05

t is si&ilar t" +D @.*ut "'ly di$$#r#'c# is , i' +D @ , #ach

charact#r r#pr#s#'ts 1 #l#&#'ts :h#r# as i' +D @ ,#ach charact#r

r#pr#s#'ts 1 #l#&#'ts. %", this is s&all 9#rsi"' "$ +D @.

COD! +,E5

!his barc"d# is us#d i' all th# $i#lds. H#r# :# ca' us# b"th upp#r a'd

l":#r cas# l#tt#rs a'd digits $r"& 0 t" @ a'd sy&b"ls a'd c"d#s. !h#s#

c"d#s ar# di9id#d i't" subs#ts 'a&#ly A, *, +.!his is b#caus# t" us# &"r#

'u&b#r "$ c"d#s. ach subs#t is starts :ith s#parat# c"d#. t has th# $acility

t" cha'g# $r"& "'# subs#t t" a'"th#r at th# &iddl# "$ th# c"d#. *y addi'g a

c"'tr"l charact#r, :# ca' cha'g# $r"& "'# subs#t t" a'"th#r. !h#y ar#-

Subset9A5 A%+ sy&b"ls, capitals, c"'tr"l charact#rs.

Subset9B5 A%+ sy&b"ls, s&all l#tt#r.

Subset9C5 H#r# c"&pr#ss#d charact#rs ar# us#d. i.#. t:"

+haract#rs ar# c"&pr#ss#d t" $"r& a charact#r.



t c"'sists "$ ch#c8 su&. *ut bas#d "' th# subs#t th# ch#c8 su& is

calculat#d. t is als" call#d M"dul" 10. !h# calculati"' "$ ch#c8 su& is

di$$icult.

0(#>o9dimentional bar%odes5

#'#rally, :# us# "'#-di&#'si"'al barc"d#s. *ut i' this :# ca' us#

"'ly 20 t" 2 charact#rs. !" r#pr#s#'ts &"r# charact#rs :# us# 2D barc"d#s.

PDF9/+@5

t is r#cta'gl# i' shap#. =si'g this :# ca' st"r# 1G00 A%+

charact#rs "r 1100 bi'ary charact#rs. !his sy&b"l si<# ca' b# cha'g#d usi'g

th# data it st"r#s. $ it c"'sists "$ larg# a&"u't "$ data, th#' :# ca' di9id# it

i't" t:" DB-41 barc"d#s a'd li'8 th#& t"g#th#r. %", :# ca' st"r# a'y

a&"u't "$ data usi'g li'8s.

t is &ai'ly us#d :h#' :# :a't t" s#'d larg# a&"u't "$ data "9#r

tabl#s a'd t" r#pr#s#'t t" th# t#ch'ical sp#ci$icati"'s a'd c"llab"rati"'s "'

#l#ctrical pr"ducts. t is als" us#d t" st"r# th# $i'g#r#r pri'ts $"r dri9i'g

lic#'s#.

Data matri85

t ca' st"r# "'# t" t:" th"usa'd charact#rs. t is s?uar# i' shap#

ha9i'g 0.001 t" 14 i'ch#s sid#. !his typ# "$ barc"d#s als" pri't#d 24-pi'

dot &atri7. t is us#d t" pri't th# pr"duct i'$"r&ati"' "' #l#ctric plat#s,





light i't" #l#ctr"'ic sig'al. !h# d#c"d#r c"'9#rts this sig'als i't"

charact#rs. !h#s# charact#rs pass#d t" c"&put#r thr": a' i't#r$ac#.

*arc"d# r#ad#r is us#d $"r 8'":i'g th# d#tails, :hich ar# 8#pt i' th# bars.

CAP#!R /

BARCOD! R!AD!RS5

!h#s# ar# thr## basic structur#s $"r barc"d# r#ad#r. !h#y ar#-

+( fi8ed reader(

,( portable bat%h readers(

0( portable radio frequen%' readers(

Fi8ed reader5



!h#s# ar# attach#d t" th#ir h"st c"&put#rs a'd t#r&i'als. A'd

tra's&it th# "'# data it#& at a ti&# as th# data is sca''#d. >a'd sca''#rs,

++D sca''#rs, las#r sca''#rs c"&# t" this cat#g"ry.

Portable bat%h readers5

!h#s# r#ad#rs bitt#rly "p#rat#d a'd st"r# th# data i't" &#&"ry. ;at#r

th# batch "$ i'$"r&ati"' is tra's$#rr#d i't" h"st c"&put#r.

Portable radio frequen%' reader5

!h#s# r#ad#rs ar# batt#ry "p#rat#d a'd tra's&it data r#al-ti&#, "'-

li'# &"r# i&p"rt#ry, th# r#al-ti&#, t:"-:ay c"&&u'icati"' all":s th# h"st

t" "p#rat"r.

!h# basic r#ad#r c"'sists "$ a d#c"d#r a'd sca''#r a'd als" us#d a

cabl# that acts as a' i't#r$ac# b#t:##' d#c"d#r a'd th# c"&put#r. !h# basic

"p#rati"' "$ sca''#r is t" sca' th# barc"d# sy&b"l a'd pr"9id# a' #l#ctric

"utput that c"rr#sp"'di'g t" th# bars a'd spac#s "$ that barc"d#.

A d#c"d#r is usually a s#parat# b"7 that ta8#s th# digitali<#d bars a'd

spac# patt#r's a'd d#c"d#s th#& t" th# c"rr#ct data, a'd tra's&its th# data

t" th# c"&put#r "9#r :ir#s "r :ir#l#ss i&&#diat#ly "' a batch basis.

Portable Bat%h Readers5

t i'clud#s a display, 8#ypad barc"d# d#c"di'g capabiliti#s, R%-22

c"&&u'icati"' p"rt, batt#ri#s a'd &#&"ry $"r a'd pr"gra& st"rag# $"r



barc"d# c"ll#cti"'. !h# syst#& ca' b# #?uipp#d :ith barc"d# :a'd, ++D

"r las#r sca''#rs.

CAP#!R 1

BARCOD! SCANN!RS5

+(Bar%ode >and s%anners6

!h#s# ar# th# &"st p"pular barc"d# r#ad#rs ("r) sca''#rs als" it

"btai'#d at l#ss c"st. !h#s# :a'd sca''#r :"r8i'g is, $irst :# c"''#ct th#

sca''#r t" pc, :# &a'ually &"9# th# :a'd sca''#r acr"ss th# barc"d# t"

p#r$"r& r#adi'g $u'cti"'. H#'c# th#r# classi$icati"' is %onta%t sca''#rs.



!h#s# :a'd sca''#rs #7tr#&#ly si&pl# t" us# but r#?uir# l#'s#s t"

8##p a r#as"'ably c"'sta't sca''i'g &"ti"' acr"ss th# barc"d# a'd a $lat

sur$ac# b#hi'd th# barc"d#.

,(CCD s%anners5

!h#s# ar# $ast a'd #asi#r t" us# tha' th# :a'd sca''#rs. =s#r si&ply

h"lds this ++D sca''#r a'd put slightly ab"9# th# barc"d# a'd pulls trigg#r

butt"'. ++D sca''#rs typically r#ad barc"d#s $r"& c"'tact t" ab"ut I i'ch

dista'c#. H#'c# th#r# classi$icati"' is near9%onta%t sca''#r.

*arc"d#s physical l#'gth &ust b# c"'sid#r :hil# usi'g ++D

barc"d#s sca''#rs, as th# ++D sca''#r &ust c"9#r th# c"&pl#t# barc"d#.

0("aser s%anners5

!his :"r8i'g is si&ilar t" ++D sca''#rs. ;as#r sca''#rs ar# $ast a'd

#asi#r t" us# tha' :a'd sca''#rs. =s#r h"lds th# las#r sca''#r ab"9#

barc"d# pulls th# trigg#r butt"'. ;as#r sca''#r typically r#ad barc"d#s $r"&

'#ar c"'tact t" I i'ch dista'c#. H#'c# th#ir classi$icati"' is non9%onta%t

sca''#rs.

;as#r sca''#rs ar# b#st suit#d $"r r#adi'g barc"d#s $r"& a dista'c#,

r#adi'g p""rly pri't#d lab#ls, r#adi'g :id# ra'g# a'd r#adi'g "' irr#gular

sur$ac#s.



CAP#!R

BARCOD! PRIN#!RS5

!" pri't barc"d# lab#ls, :# '##d barc"d# pri't#rs. !h#r# ar# s#9#ral

st#ps i' pri't th# lab#ls.

1.*uyi'g th# lab#ls $r"& a lab#l &a'u$actur#.

2.pri't y"ur barc"d# :ith i' #7p#'si9# lab#li'g s"$t:ar# "' y"ur pc

usi'g d"t &atri7, las#r a'd i'8E#t pri't#rs.

. ri'ti'g barc"d#s "' a sp#ciali<#d barc"d# lab#l pri't#rs.

6e must follo> some tips for printing labels5

1. %tay a:ay $r"& c"l"r#d barc"d#s a'd c"l"r#d bac8gr"u'd. $ :#

c"l"r th#' :# "btai' l":#r th# c"'trast b#t:##' bars a'd spac#s a'd

th#r#$"r# l":#r r#adability.

2. ># &ust t#st th"r"ughly "' a'y lab#ls b#$"r# distributi"'. %" :#

&ust car#$ul i' lab#li'g.

. ># &ust als" t#st th# barc"d# lab#ls $"r r#adability b#$"r# usi'g th#

bul8.

CAP#!R @



BARCOD! SOF#6AR!5

+(Bar%ode Produ%tion Soft>are5

B"r pri'ti'g barc"d# lab#ls thr## typ#s "$ s"$t:ar#Cs ar# a9ailabl#.

*-+"d#r

*arc"d# acti9# c"'tr"l

*arc"d# data li'8 librari#s

,( Bar%ode data %olle%tion soft>are5

A$t#r pri'ti'g barc"d# lab#l i' a'y it#& :# r#?uir#d t" c"ll#ct th#

data #7ist i' that barc"d#. B"r this data c"ll#cti"' s"$t:ar# ar# us#d. !h#

typ# "$ data c"ll#cti"' s"$t:ar# us#d d#p#'ds up"' barc"d#s sca''#r

"utput. !h#r# ar# s#9#ral p"pular typ#s "$ "utput.

CAP#!R E

BARCOD! APP"ICA#IONS5

!h# &aE"r i'dustri#s usi'g barc"d#s ar# "'# "$ th# &"st $r#?u#'t us#s

"$ barc"d#s (' i'dic#s) is th# c"uri#r i'dustry.



+( Courier and transportation5

h#'#9#r :# :a't t" #7p"rt a'y it#& th# d#tails "$ th# pr"duct that

:h#r# it #7p"rt is 8#pt i' barc"d#s. !h# c"&put#ri<#d c"'9#'#r b#ltaut"&atically s#parat#s th# it#&s acc"rdi'g t" c"u'try :is#. !hat is :hy

&a'y it#&s ar# r#achi'g th#ir d#sti'ati"'s :ith gr#at#r accuracy i' ti&# as

:#ll as plac#.

,( Retail5

!his is th# "'# "$ th# bigg#st gr":th ar#as. !h# barc"d# r#l#9a't t"

that it#& :ill b# add#d, th# i'$"r&ati"' is 8#pt i' barc"d#. =si'g this, th#

r#tail#rs s#ll th#ir pr"duct #asily.

0( "abor Distribution5

!his ar#a als" us#s barc"d#s. ;ab"r badg#s c"'tai' th#s# barc"d#s.

=si'g this :# ca' calculat# th# "9#r ti&#.

/( !mplo'ee Identit'5

*y usi'g th# pu'ch card :# ca' 8'": th# ti&# th# #&pl"y## ca&# t"

th# "$$ic#.

CAP#!R



"I7I#A#IONS5

!h# basic r#as"'s $"r '"t gr":i'g barc"d#s i' 'dia is-

+(Custom dut' is high5

B"r pri'ti'g th# barc"d# lab#ls, s"&# hard:ar# #?uip&#'ts ar# us#d.

+"&#s t" th# 'dia, th# hard:ar# #?uip&#'t r#?uir#d $"r this ar# '"t

&a'u$actur#d i' 'dia. ># &ust i&p"rt th# #?uip&#'t, $r"& #ls#:h#r#. B"r

this cust"&Cs duty is high a'd it is al&"st 40J "$ "9#r all c"st, :hich has

b##' r#c"9#r#d $r"& th# cust"&#rs. !hatCs :hy &a'y i'dustri#s "pp"s# this

t#ch'"l"gy.

,(People are not a>are of its benefits5

># sa: that th#r# ar# &a'y b#'#$its i' usi'g barc"d#s i.#. g#tti'g

accurat# data, "'-li'# i'$"r&ati"' #tc. *ut p#"pl# ar# '"t a:ar# "$ th#s#

b#'#$its.

CAP#!R +.

B!N!FI#S OF BARCOD!S5

+(Impro4e operational effi%ien%'5

*arc"d#s p#r&it $ast#r a'd &"r# accurat# r#c"rdi'g "$ i'$"r&ati"'.

>"r8 i' pr"c#ss ca' &"9# ?uic8ly a'd pr#cis#ly.



,(Sa4e time5

B"r #7a&pl# "'# cust"&#r '##d#d a cr#: "$ 2 #&pl"y##s. =si'g

th#s# barc"d#s :# ca' r#duc# th# 'u&b#r "$ #&pl"y##s i't" 4.

0(Redu%ed errors5

+ritical a'd data #'try #rr"rs ca' b# a sig'i$ica't s"urc# "$ c"sts a'd

r#lat#d pr"bl#&s. %", usi'g barc"d#s :# ca' r#duc# th# #rr"rs.

/(Cut %ost5

*arc"d#s ar# #$$#cti9# t""ls that ca' b# us#d t" addr#ss sp#ci$ic,

l"cali<#d pr"bl#&s ("r) i't#grat#d i't" "rga'i<ati"' :id# i'$"r&ati"'

syst#& :h#' appli#d :ith i' pla''i'g. !his ca' sa9# ti&# a'd r#duc#d

#rr"rs, r#sult i' a r#ducti"' "$ c"st

A"PA9N37!RIC BARCOD!S5



COD!9+,E

N37!RIC9ON"$ BARCOD!S5



AN-1

=+-A

=+-

#$P!S OF BARCOD!S5

+( N37!RIC9ON"$ BARCOD!S(

• !AN9+0



• !AN9E

• 3PC9A

• 3PC9!

,( A"PA N37!RIC BARCOD!S(

• COD! 0

• COD! 0

• COD! +,E

0( #6O9DI7!N#IONA" BARCOD!S(

• PDF9/+@

• DA#A 7A#RIH

• 7AHI COD!

BARCOD! R!AD!RS5

+( FIH!D R!AD!RS(

,( POR#AB"! BA#C R!AD!RS(

0( POR#AB"! RADIO FR!-3!NC$ R!AD!RS(

BARCOD! SCANN!RS5

+( BARCOD! 6AND SCANN!RS(

,( CCD SCANN!RS(



0( "AS!R SCANN!RS(

BARCOD! SOF#6AR!5

+( BARCOD! PROD3C#ION S6(

,( BARCOD! DA#A CO""!C#ION S6(

BARCOD! APP"ICA#IONS5

COD! AND #RANSPOR#A#ION(

R!#AI"(

"ABOR DIS#RIB3#ION(

!7P"O$!! ID!N#I#$(

"I7I#A#IONS OF BARCOD!S5

C3S#O7 D3#$ IS IG(

P!OP"! AR! NO# A6AR!(

B!N!FI#S OF BARCOD!S5

I7PROJ! OP!RA#IONA" !FFICI!NC$(

SAJ! #I7!(

R!D3C! !RRORS(

C3# COS#(



#6O9DI7!NSIONA" BARCOD!S5

DB 41

ADJAN#AG!S OF BARCOD!5

' p"i't-"$-sal# &a'ag#&#'t, th# us# "$ barc"d#s ca' pr"9id# 9#ry

d#tail#d up-t"-dat# i'$"r&ati"' "' 8#y asp#cts "$ th# busi'#ss, #'abli'g



d#cisi"'s t" b# &ad# &uch &"r# ?uic8ly a'd :ith &"r# c"'$id#'c#. B"r

#7a&pl#6

• Bast-s#lli'g it#&s ca' b# id#'ti$i#d ?uic8ly a'd aut"&atically

r#"rd#r#d t" &##t c"'su&#r d#&a'd,

• %l":-s#lli'g it#&s ca' b# id#'ti$i#d, pr#9#'ti'g a build-up "$

u':a't#d st"c8,

• !h# #$$#cts "$ r#p"siti"'i'g a gi9#' pr"duct :ithi' a st"r# ca' b#

&"'it"r#d, all":i'g $ast-&"9i'g &"r# pr"$itabl# it#&s t" "ccupy th#

b#st spac#,

• Hist"rical data ca' b# us#d t" pr#dict s#as"'al $luctuati"'s 9#ry

accurat#ly.

• t#&s &ay b# r#pric#d "' th# sh#l$ t" r#$l#ct b"th sal# pric#s a'd

pric# i'cr#as#s.

K >h#' a &a'u$actur#r pac8s a b"7 :ith a'y gi9#' it#&, a ='i?u#

d#'ti$yi'g Nu&b#r (=D) ca' b# assig'#d t" th# b"7.

• A r#lati"'al databas# ca' b# cr#at#d t" r#lat# th# =D t" r#l#9a't

i'$"r&ati"' ab"ut th# b"7L such as "rd#r 'u&b#r, it#&s pac8#d, ?ty

pac8#d, $i'al d#sti'ati"', #tc.

DISADJAN#AG!S OF BARCOD! 5

%"urc# "$ additi"'al c"st -- !h# "'ly disad9a'tag# is that data is c"d#d i'

th# barc"d#. !his ca' b# a' additi"'al c"st.



H":#9#r th# 8#y t" a' #$$#cti9# barc"d# syst#& is t"

g#'#rat# th# barc"d# as c"st t" th# s"urc# "$ th# data as p"ssibl#.

CAP#!R ++

CONC"3SION5

!his barc"d# t#ch'"l"gy is us#d all "9#r :"rld. !h#s# sa9#s ti&# a'd

c"st. 9#' th"ugh th#r# ar# s"&# li&itati"'s, barc"d#s ar# :id#ly us#d i'

all "th#r c"u'tri#s. !his ca' sa9# ti&# a'd r#duc#d #rr"rs, r#sult i' a

r#ducti"' "$ c"st.

CAP#!R +,

R!F!R!NC!S



%u<a''# :#y' (Euly ,1@ , isla'd,N#:y"r8) is a' A&#rica' auth"r,

sh# pri&arily :rit#s

%u<a''# :#y' 6 (auth"r "$ th# barc"d# tatt"")

ashi$ r"ss 6(auth"r "$ barc"d#)

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