Baqri 1991 - Nematodos en Citrus de Sikkin

7/26/2019 Baqri 1991 - Nematodos en Citrus de Sikkin

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RECORDS

OF TH

ZOOLOGICAL SURVEY OF INDIA

Miscellaneous Publcaton

Occasional Paper No.128

NEMATODES ASSOCIATD WIT CITRUS FROM

SIKKIM, IDIA

ByQAISER H. BAQRI

Zooligcal Survey of India, M Block, ew AliporeCalcutta 700 053

1991 Edited by the eco

Zoological Survey of India


2/104

RODUCTO

Skk becam t twntcon ae of nn Unon n 1 97 a mall ll te ntlg n e Halaya, tuate eNorhEaen Reon of a Skm a been de n urdc vz Nr Sou Eat a We Thouh ultatean lmt t 95832 ece, eaoa u ke andarn orangega, e, eo, ape, pea, pum, etc. ar en rown

Sk oe f t jr oae poduc te of a Taeage aul pduco a bn ima o be 7, 19 toneom 230 hcr f oca. A ndrn oran ar irusreticulate. T pa a prdc aea a wn elevaage f 60-50 abv SL

vw of e pc of andan ae n he econof te Se a nom srvey w couced ung May 1981 n

Ea, We an S d of Si r te nade aocaet cu e, Citrs rticula. udrd wen o olaple wr colced o 12 oa of Ea rc 8 caef W t nd 9 lcai of Souh dc. Te naly the ape ow a wd aiey of yec, apeec, orylam,ooc an oa maoe

T pe papr da wt e atoe ce beongng ot Ode Tech peca, Drlaa

a Mnoca

all 61 pcie a e dne, of wc 1 a n o ceceShrt ecpo of aad kn pc have al be roveSuelonma brahyurum (e 9) Anra 1 98, becue oft e ee f dince a abundace n e are ureed, upece to e a key p of c I aomrc and orpec vaa ve ee dc l o a t clae tecoec ncan eo oved ptologcalue

MAEIAL ND EHODS

A mp wee cle au rt of cui etulaa nmo we xe n t 4% rmae anoun ahyou ycrne e pece cung typae been ee an p he Natona Colecon ofZooogcal uvey of Ia, acuta Ia


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2 R ZOO. S NDIA, O APER 12

ORDER TLECHD THRONE 149

SUBORDER TLECHA CHITWOOD N CHTOD& CHTWOOD 1950

SUPERFAI TLECHOIDEA REY 0 (CH TWOOD& HITOOD 937

Faly TYLENCHDA Orly 180ns Filenchus Andss 954 E 96

ienchus s Fg l

Measurements

Feals (7) : L=054065 (06) a2730 (29) 5 64 5 ; 44-52 48 V 6165 (631 G 2434

(266)

Mal ( ) : L054 a26 52 c 37 T=32

Descptio :

Female : Boy alos st agh on xaon tprng regularlyanteor o ase of osoags and osror o vla lclesraed nly averagng 01 5 apat on ody Lateralelds arked y 4 ncss he nner two ar not pronent Drdsan phasds not recognzal

Lp regon trncatd smooh connos w boy 5 560 we an 3 5 hgh. Laal raewok ntly slerozd Stylt

91 0 vdd narly nto two eqal pa wh rond asalknos Orce o th orsal osoagal gan clos o sty ase.

Mean oesopagal l oval 910 x 67 m wi stnct valves /and stuat a 4 4% o the neck lngt o antro end. Basaloesopageal l yrr Excrtor por sad n the posrorhal of shus Hzond a t lvel o xcroy pore or adjacnto anerorly

Rpodcv sys cal Vagna hn walld, at rgt angle

to te oy ax Sahca ronded n some spcmens lldwh rondd sp ary wh a sngle row of oocyts oerorrne sac exndng 80 yond vlva ess han hal of hecorresndng oywdh long

Tal 105147 or 9- 25 anal odywdths long th a nenelelke erns


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BAQRI : Nemaodes Ctus from Sikki

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Fig, 1 Fienchus p : A-Entie femae ; BAnteror reion ; CPosteriorophgeal egion sowin ariation in the positon of excretory ore ;

DFl roducve sstem EFale ta ; FMale tail.


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REC. ZOOL UR NDIA, Oc. PAPER No. 28

Male : iilr to fmale in gneal e and morolog.Sicule entral cured 2 m dially Gubernaculu 5 .Bua weak deeloed with crenate mrgin

Habita and locality r oil around root o citru t Tadng

9 Km bere Gngtk on SiliguriGangtk Higw Et iki

Remarks : T rnt atrial could not be identied u to

eci le bce oe pcimn, pciall mal are quirdr te crct idntication.

Msurents

Genu Polncbus Andr 1980

Polenchus shamimi p n(ig. 2)

lote ele L0.5 m ; a= 2 ; b 50 ; c= 2 ; V 6 ;

=25.

Prte Fale L0 m a0 b 48 c43 V62 28.Prte ale : L047 m ; a 7 ; 6 c37 T27.

Descrption :

Female Body mall and lnde taing unirml ntrior t

be f agu nd oteior to ula Ctice mot in iwe lengt about 05 tick in id-bo bcuticl lso

ear oot atral el rke by two incie abt /3rf bodid nar midbod. eiid and aid not recognizabl.

Li region cntinou wit bdy moot 4 wie an 2 r

hig. Lbi raework intl clrotize Stylt 9 m long diviednerl in tw equal par wit coparaiel lag baal knob

2 wide ore r le trianglar. Mein bub o wit dsinctve 6 x4 48% fo anteor etmity Dorsal oeopageal

gand ening nar t yet Terinal bb pyrirm. adiall. Ecretoy r blow ne ring dct ligtl clotize.eiznid adjcent t eceto ore antrio.

eal rerodctie yt tpicl Vla witout a latral

. gna tin waled itad at te rigt angle of t bo

axi. Sermtec well o e lld wi erm Pt terine acextending 6 bnd t ulv about al of te crrending

/


6/104

BQRI : Nematodes Ciru from Sikkm

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.

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AD

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Fg 2. Polenchus shammi sp. n. : Atrior reion ; B-Part of female

reproductve system ; CFmal tail ; D-Male tail

wdt. Ova wth a single row of oocytes Tai li,

120-27 m o about 7l8 times the ana body-width, with a oundedmus


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6 Ec . zoL. SR DI, Occ. PPER o 12

Mal Sar o le in genel hae and oholog

outtrd Scul curved 1 1 long ediall ubenaclm 3 ong Bura hot with oo magin

'y habitt and locay : ro ol aound root o u aadg, 9 k be agtok on Sl gurigtok ighwaast Skk

Dfnil diagnosis : Plenchus shamimi n com cloe toohu pois Andrsy 1 980 but dir o i aing all

ody, nn cul ooh ucul, derly ae li gonantroly uae xcretoy oe, aller tlt and ta whroundd tp L=0.6003 cutcle 1 01 2 tick ubculeery fly tiad at both body nd, xcreto oe n the iddleof th tal ooageal bulb, tylt 141 5 m long ad tai 93-00 log wt needl lk teu i P. poltus) T nw

s ca rhr rntat in avig alle sicule inmal pcul 19 m log P. os

Remrks : Andsy 980) a rportd onicuou lateallds P poius Howee h laeral ld ar ell deacatd rk by two insur n P shamimi p. n

Te nw sie a e na ar m tae Poo MSamm Jajpu wo not only trae me in nmatology but alogdd or c o lfe.

Faly TYLNCHORHYNCHIDAE Eliava, 1964 (olden 1 971 )Genu Tylenchohynchus Cobb 193

Tyenchorhynchus mashhoodi Sddiq & Bai, 199

(g. 3, A-B)

enchorhynchus mashhoodi Sddqi & Basr 1959 Proc 46th Meet ndan Si.

Congr Par IV(Abs), 35.

Tyenchorhynchus rassicaudatus Wllam, 1960, Oc. Pap Maurit. Sug nd Res.

Inst 4 10

Tyenchorhynchuseegans Sddi, 1961 Z parasitenk. 21 : 4664.

Tyenchorhynchus dactylurus Das, 1960, Z parasitenk, 19 553605

Tyenchorhynchus dgtatus Da 960, Z. parasitenk. 19 : 553605

Tyenchorhynchus zeaSethi &Swarup 1968,Nematologia, 14: 77-88.

Tyenchorhynchu mashhood of Baqi & Jairajpur., 1970 Rev. Brasil. Biol., 30:6-68


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BAQRI : Nematods Ctrus frm Skkim 7

3

0

m

I

C

E

Pig. 3. AB: Tylechorhynhus mshhoodi Siddiqi & Basi, 1959 : A-Anteio

end ; B- Femal tai. CE : Quinisulcius capitus : C-Anteio

- regon-; DVuva region ; E-Female tail.


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8 RBC. ZOOL. SURV NDIA, O APER No. 28

Measuremen:

emae (8 L=061 080 m (06 ; a =2645 (31 ; =4356

(5 ) ; c= 35 8 (14 ; V=55-5 56) G =2023 ; = 182

Descripion Female Body ligtly ventally cued in oteo half of t

egt Ccle maked by dtnct tanvere st 1 20 m aat

Latea ed maked 4 ncue about 1 5t 4t of ody

wdt ea mdde Lip eo ontnuou, maked by 3-4 anue

tyet 618 m ong, metencium about 5052% of the tyt enthOeohagu tyica Medan oeopaa ub 4446 of the oo

haga eth om aneo end Exceto oe 00 1 m fom

anteio end Reoductve ytm ahdelc, outtechedSemateca funtona Ta cylndc, wth unty ounded mooth

temu maked wt 1 2 annule entay, 40-51 m o aout

2642 anal odywidt og Phamid at 35-37 of a

om anu

e Not ud

Hb d oc om ol aound oot of citu at

Yangthng, nea Gyag Wet kkm and Taku, outh Skm

Remrks : Baq & Jaajpu 0 ave eoted ntaeccvaaton of T. mhhood. Te matea unde tudy f n the

ame ane

Geu Qinilc Sddiqi 1ioilcs capitatu (Allen 955) Siddq 17

Fig 3 CE

Tyenchorhynchus captatus Aen 1955 Univ Calif Pul Zoo/ 61 129166.

yenchorhynchus actiHopper 1959, Nematologica 4 : 23-0

Quinisulcius capitatus (Alen 1955) Siddiq 1971 Indian J. Nematol., 1 : 25-43

Meueen

emae 10 L=0700.8 mm 073 ; a = 3038 33) ; =4856 (50 ; c = 7I8 (166 ; V=557 (554 = 62 ( 6 ;

=14215 195

escripton

eme : Bo vealy cuved ome time open C' aed

tce tanveey trated 1 01 m aart Late ed makd

5 nce, aout /5- 4t of bodywdth nea midde L

eion o et fom ody beaing 6 aue 45 m h an 8 m

wd Head faewok litly cleotzed Styet 6 m o,


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BQRI Nematode Cirus fom Sikkim 9

n ts antrir n nchiu) 89 r aut 50 f styt

ngth Styl kns sping dwnward, 3035 wid Hmizi aut 2 annuls ng situated at anus av th

crtry r ma ductiv syst hidelhic Seathca n functina ai cyindrical ding i a ary rundsth trminus 3850 lng r aut 2 938 ana dywithsg ar y 32 annuls ntrally Phasids in t antriorhaf (2838% of the tai

Mae: Nt fund

Habita and ocates : This is a widely distriutd scis inikki State Sevral hudrd ales hav een clctd thelwig caliies : Kudg Basi Uper Khudug ad Sangn ast ikki ; Maing Bidg, Tekgeri Nala and MangrBasti in Suth Sikkim ; Gyalsing Guruthang and Kairthang inWst Skki

Remaks : e rst ateia coesnds wih th dscriin

f th seies as gn y Jaiajpuri 985

SEAMLY HOPLOLAMODA ILPJEV934 PRAMONOV 967)

ail HPLOAIMIDAE ilipje 93 Wiser 1953)Gnus Hopoamus Daday 905

Hopolaimu indicu Se 963(Fig

Hop/olalmu indicus She 963, Nemato/ogica, 9 267-295.

Baiyo/aimu ndcu (her 163) hamsi 979 Nmato/. medt 7 59

Measuemnt /

als (6 : L= 837 ( 3 1 a=28-3 (3 7) =8699 (90) '=6069 (6 C=5868 (55 V= 557 558 ; = 253 30) ; =2632 (295 ; = 052 ( 1 )

Despion

Fmale : B amost staight r slighy traly cued unatin rases siae abut 2 apar Lata ds arkdy 2 iregulary ke icisures at dieent f te odyad st cnica aked 3 anes Slet 3845 ng ;t anterir art (etniu 8.5225 r au 50% f styltgth Oeshagus tical vrlaing intestin drsal Mdinu 6 f ttal sphagal ength fr anterir nphaga gands with six distinct nucli Oric f th rsa


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1 0 EC. ZOL SURV NDIA, Occ PAER No. 128'

.

,

.

,.:

A

c

F. 4. Hoplolaimus indicus Sher, 1963 : Anteior regon ; B-Postero:esophagea region ; CSurf iew showing irregulaly broke inis

res ; D-Vua, vagna and part o anterio sexua branch ; EFmae

ail.


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BAQRI : Nemaodes Citu fom Skkm

espageal gland 40-4 m m as f s ylt Excrety p

45 f anterior end twen the er ring and esphagnestinal unction Hizoid 1 0 annuls low xcetoy rneir pai f cephalids 2 annues bw lip rgin nticutell 24 and psteio scutell 792% f ody lengthm antei end epductie sysm typical pratheca ncioal epipgma singl, atached anteirly Rctu 820 lnglighly veraped by intstin Tail rounded with 9 striae

Male : Nt und

Haa : i arod rts of cis at Khmdog Basti EasSikki and Maing Bidg oth ikki

Genus uteoema Anrssy 9Scutelonema bacyurm tir 9) rssy 95

(Figs 57)

tylenchu brachurus (Steiner, 1938 J . gric. Reserch U S. Dept Agrc 6 .

olenu coen Goodey 9, Helmnth, 26 996.otlech boock Lordeo 57 Nematologca 2 273-276Scuelnema brcrum Seler 1938) Adrassy 98 Nemaologca, 3 : 4

The rndom 'suey sws tat cuona bahyuru is oslikly t be a ky es o citus in East, Wst and outh disricts fikki This h n und a widely distritd and in ajority sapl h dmnat spcies. In iew f th possile ecnoicpranc and the wide distiution of this spc its altricdr_omtric variations hae n stdid dring h>psnt

. /

cse instigatins s as to faiitat its crect ientication ynntaxnmists

Measuremens : TBLE-I

Despon :

Female : Body curd venray int an opn circe Lip gionlighly set dy raly hisphrical vaying slightyn ape widh and heit ; aked y 34 nnuls setimes t urthannle is incpete Laial amework modeatey deeloped Basalnnle f lip gi with 6 lngitudina stiatios (Fig 5 M) ateallds /4. f the bdywidth nea idde, akd rncses sties aroated in esopagal regin and esncly a he lee f stlu e inner and of incisurs


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2 RC ZOL SUV. NDIA, Occ PAE No. 128

-t=O. m

.

_

H

Fig. 5. Sutelonema brachyurum (Stinr, 1938) Andrassy 1958: A-Etre

ale ; B-Aterior rgio ; < & D-Antror ends showng variato1n lip region shape ; EPosterior osophagal regio showg vaio

'

i the positio of xcretoy pore ; F-Femal eproductiv ystem ; .Gurface view t vulva regio ; H KFemale tails ; L-enfae vewM-T.S. at t vel of basal anue of lip regio


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BAQRI : Nematodes Cus from Sikkm 13

nawr than the outr t the postrio ; t incisurs trmiat

potril b rune broad roud tips. The tw cisursgiat slightly above th stylet kobs, the thy bcme hr in

th mdle pcorpus a fur at te le o nerv ig tylt

24.5-29 m og Stylt kobs atte or sightl int anteriol

Metchi 4852% of th stlt lgth Dorsal oespaga glad

ping 4.055 blow the bas of stylet Atrior an pstio

epalids nt visible Excretor por itr atrior r pstrio

>0,a" 150l 4o-zl30 20c I I

Y= .1 + oss4x

SO 600 7 70

Y:+ 43X

OO 550.

0 5 5

&D LENGTH m)

800

8

Fig. 6. Sut/loneabrachyurum (Stne, 1939) Andrss 1958: Body eneao o oiioof medaoesophageal bulbandexcetooe.


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14' EC ZL. SuRV. INDA, Oc PAER No;

o th poio o oeaga glad. Hmizonid 1 ul

rio o xct po, 2 annl long Mn oagabulb 1 8 0 m 6-7 o oopaga g om tiond Oopagal gad oa ypal orsll

ul a tav l Aio ad otior pptya ostl

r Vagina xdg 354% of cooi y-wid

500490'

8

7060

4- 440t 4300 420

:

u

b

.

A

1040039080

3706

340

2

0

Y= .0 + 4851 X

' 5 60 60 00 0 00

. 29 2w

-j 27

=26- 25f

. . . ..... . . . . .

. . . . . . -

SOO 60 60 800

BD LENGTH (JT)

Fig. 7. Scutllonembrachyurum (Sene, 1938) Andrssy 1958: Body lengh

n reton o leng o sye nd posion of vulva.

/


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BAQRI : Nematodes Crus from Skim 1 5

eodue syse adeh, oeed pemaea w

pe Ooyes aaged a sge ow exep n e mpaoegon Rem aou one o oe ad af ana odywd ogTal osl by onded ayig osdeay a e p, w a

venal de oe oed a dosa ; aked 6- 0 aues

tal. Sce sg ao o posero o ans, sgy

aeo o oseo o as

TABLE IMopoe ad aome aos Sutelonema brachyurum

No 55

Charaters Range Mean SD cv.

L (mm 052080 068 0.05 82

a 2234 273 223 8 1

53-77 64 053 82

b' 46-68 5.2 03 78

c 49-88 72.4 963 3' 0.508 59 060 102

v 56-64 60.4 168 2.7

G, 18-3 245 34 139

G 1528 23.2 98 18

m 6576 703 271 3.8

0 152 74 1 .40 8.1

ater eds (m) 40-5.5 47 050 10.6

Had eiht m 4.5-55 5.2 0.30 5.7

Head wdth (m) 85-00 0 027 3 1

Styet (m) 245290 26.6 09 34etenum/onus (m) 2014.5 32 047 36

orsa oesophage gad 4-5 46 00 88

oeing from stet base (m)

Osoagus *(m) 022 107 756 7.0

Meda oesopage bb () 6582 4 362 48

Nre ring *(m) 7800 0 4.73 5.2

Eretry pore *(m) 108138 123 828 67

Vla bod idth m) 23 25 228 90

Vagina leng (m) 8 06 386 363Aerior gonad length (m) 130-227 168 2713 6

Psterior gonad length (m) 18207 9 2388 150

Aal d wdt (m) 13-9 159 135 85

em length m 8-2.5 1 1 0 .05 94

Tail legt m) 812 95 1 10 11 6

Tail anles (ventraly) 6-10 8.2 1 1 134

Distae om anterior exremty


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1 6 c. zooL S& NDA, Occ. PR No 28

Ml No fod.

ORHOMTRIC ND LLOMETRC VARATONS

Te vrou oroc oetc crcr of dt(le) hve bee fred Tble-I Te posto of ed

oeophgel bub, ecretory pore d vuv re gty correltewt boy lgh Te coecet of orelto ( re rpectvely

0.59, 050 0888. Fg 6 ow reltohp of boy lengthwth oto of d bub d xcretory pore Te legt of

tylet 0399), oeopg (=0.435 god =023 d 0.29of teror d poor go reecly) l ( =0.017) re

ot gcly corrled wh body leg g 7 ow he el

top of boy leg w poo of u d tylt engt

Ao ll t orpoetc vrto d loc ccerlye, te l vble cher wee eg of y t

eechum, edw d e ve of V CV= 10) were e wt

of lel ld legt of ge brc vg legt of tl,d br of tl Te rkdl ble ccer(CV7-10) were the vl of 0, lg of rcu. All e ohr

crctr were odery rble (CV gg o 6)

blb, d eg erory oe d re rg

e bove obo ow eng of yle d te

vlue of V are ribe cc The bo re

cofty wth B nd M 967 o Paatchodou chte(Ale, 195) Sddq 197 ; Azm & Jr ( 9) o Hcotyn

chu ndcu Sddq 1963 ; Rhd & K 198 o ray/chucofea (Zrn, 186; Bqr & Ad 81 o Tlncho

hynchu nudus Ae, 1955 ; d ny ohe

Habita and Localtis Fro ol od oo of cru

Kumdog B, Sg, Tdug Mr Sdr, rde Sjg d Brng Pnd Es Skk ; Mrg

rdge, Kur Trug Tekge N Trk, Be Kwzg dMgro B So Skk Gyzg We Gyg Grug,

Ygg Tk Jk Yngng Rg d Cg WetSkk

Rmak : V de Bg d Hy { 973) ve repored tt

te mle of S bachum e e, oe r 200 l Urtutey o e pecen w fd o Skk Sr (963


18/104

BAQRI Nmaod Ctru from Sikkm 1 7

akd S brahurum is the ost cosoolita cis

utl/oma

Genus Hecoyenchu Steinr 194Hecotecbu dihystera (, 1893) er, 1961

(Fi 8 A)

Tylenchu dhystera Cobb, 1893, Agric. Gaz. N. South Wales 4 : 808833.

Tyenchus robustus de Man, 1876, jchr. Neer/. Derk. Vereen, 2: 78196

Tylench olae Cobb, 1906, Bull. (5), Hawaiian Sugar Plauters Ass. Exper StatonDiv. Path Physol 2: 163-195.

Tylenchus spras Cassdy, 1930, Hawaan, Planters Re. 3: 379387

Helicotylenchus nannus Stiner, 1945, Proc Helminth Soc. Wash 12 : 3438

Helcotylenus cenatus Das 1960, Ztschr. Paratenk. 19 : 553-605

Murments : Feals 10) : L=063076 (058); =2332 26); =51

6.l (54); '=435.0 (45); =335420 36); V=58 (64;

G11-24 (21); G13-23 18); =28-40 36)

Dcripon Fal Body sirally ure Lip regio cotinuous ounded

akd by 4 aules Labal awok oerately evelopedtylt 50275 lon Stylet knobs attee or sigtly intdatriorly. Excreoty po 105137 ear t osoago-intstina

juction Heizonid 02 anules anterior to excetory o 2 annulesng. Sperateca rounded, witout sper: Tail orsally coxconoid Jo a arrow terinus wit a sit etral roection Pasis

6-8 anuls anteior to aus

Mal ot founaba an loliis Fro so l aroun roots of citrus at Nai

Gars, Kuong Basti Sn, Dua and Tadu in East ikki

Tarku ad Ben i Sout Sikki ; Gyalsin Ygtan Raytana Kabirtang i West Sik.

Rmark : liotynhus dhyra is a wiely istribted anda hgy vaiabl secies In a sampes, it ws doinant ov

atod scis. Baqri & Aa (1983 av arady discusedaiatios i it populations H dihyra o Iia.


19/104

1 8 REC. ZOOL. SURV INDA, Occ. PAE No. 128

L

}

J;m ,

lJK

_

_ ).

m

_

A,8C

_4

;

:.

OEF G H

G

H

Fig 8 AC Helcoty/echus dihysera (Cobb, 1893) She, 1961: AAntero

end BVulva, vagina and pat of anterio sexual branch ; -Femle

tail. H Helctylenchus exallus She, 1966 D-Anterior nd of

female EVlva vagia and part o the anteio sexual banch ; F

Female tail ; GAnterior n of male ; H-Male tail L : elico

ylenchs egyptens Tajan 1964 I-Anterio end ; JVulva agina

and part of anteo seual bnch ; Kil normal tip ; howing

vaiation in tail shap

/


20/104

BAQRI Nematoes Crus from Sikkim

HeJicotylencbu exallu Sr 1966(ig 8, DH

Hecotylechus exallu She, 1961 ematologca, 12 1-56.

Measuremen :

1

ema 10) : L=066-079 073 ; a=280365 (305b=5.25.8 54 '=45 (46 c=3640 38 V=6264 (632G =124 (23 G=150 (78 =3538 (36

Male 1): L=075 ; a=3 =50 =43 =37 T=

4 =416Descrptio

Female B piral urve Lp reion round, akdit 45 annu aa mok mortly evop. Anteiorepalid jut o th bil erk, postrior phai

pposite t poteor thir of etenchium Stet 260285 teniu 24 m r 4650% f t tt eth Stlet knobnnte antiory 45 ie Min oeaophageal bu 6062f te oaopeal legt fo anterior en 12x 89 mExcretor por 0125 m fo anterior en Spermatca ncona lled it pr Tail 82 ong ark 10annul nall wit vntra projtion ain rune trinu

Innr to inciu of t l atral el alt U' pd at t

tail tinu. Pai ituat 50 annule anterior to anu

Mae Lip rgion emispeial, ligt iger than female

ark b 5 anue Stlet 24 lng Stlet no indntenterirl 35 wie Spicule 2 g alg te curvia line Gubaulu 8 Busa teinl /

Hbiat ad ocaiy : ro ol arun rot f citru at Tadung

about 0 k bfr Gangtk on Siiuri-Gatk Higha EatSikki

Helcotylenchu egyptiensi Ta 64Fi 8 L)

ecotyencu egypteni Tarjan 1964 Nematolga, 10 : 185191

Mesurement :

mae (0 L=058064mm (062 a230 (28 h=475. (5Q 424 (44) C=2629 (273 v=6063 (6 G =24 (21 = 186 =3238 33.8


21/104

20 R ZOOL. SURV INDA, O. PAER No. 2

cripton :

al : Bdy irlly curvd L regn lightly t t exrked with 45 nul Labl raewrk derately develedAterir cehlid nt en oterr cehald in the iddle tlet regin Style 2425 lng, etenchiu .520 rut 4-50% the stylet lngth Stylet kn wth lghtl indentedurce ut 4 wid Medan hgel bul t 6064 the eohagl legth r ntror end l l 3X80 Excretryre 0308 nterior end pote the trr art

the ithu Serthec wthut per Tl 2225 lngrked y 224 nule ventrall wth elngat ventrl rectinhe inner tw ncure se in the ddle f tail Phsid lcatedt the leel nu r 2 nnules otrior t nu

Ma Not und

Habtat and localty : Fr sil arud rot f citru tthang Wet Sk Fw als wre l cllected

Mngr Bat Sut Skk.

Rmark The reset ultn t well wth the rginldecriti . gyptnsi exct n the h l reg (lghtlyt t ex gnt truncted n the rignal decrtn

Genu Rotylenchus Fljv 936Rotylencbus .

(Fg 9)

Masurment

Feale (2) : L0.68084 (077) a=3037 32) b=3-0 (60 ; '=43-5.3 (49) c=503 (66) V=672 (702) G=2623 () G=26 1 3.7) =27-3 (26).

Dcripton

Fmal : Body praly curd upon ton tering grdullntrir t ehaginttnal junctn. Trerse tre 52 rt Lateral eld arked wth 4 ncsure out l /6th5th bdwidth near mddl Hed cntuu wth bdy at t exrke y 4 nnul Stylt 2426 antror art tenchu) 05 r 46-48% of tylet length Stylt kno indentednterirly 4045 wde Antrir ar cehalid ut lw

the ed rewrk Oehgu tyicl erlng intetinerlly Orice f the drsl hgl glnd 6.55


22/104

HAQRI : Neatodes Citrus fom Skkm

Eu

C

.

G H

@ e

f

.

0

F

0

Fg 9 Rotylenchu sp. : AEntie feale ; BAnteo ion ; CAntior

end ; D-Vuva, vaina and anteo sexual bach ; E & ema

tal ; H-T. S. at the evel of baal annule of lp egio


23/104

REC. ZOOL. SUR INDA, O. PAER No.

base of stye. he poson o ecetoy oe aes o the bs

o shus u to oesophago-nestnal juncon 07 o

anero end Hzond annues wde, ethe one annue aneor

o exceoy pore or on the sae annue. Nerve ng 0

o anero end.

Feae epoducte syste aphdephc peratheca non

uconal Oocyes arranged n a snge ow except n the gowth

egon. Ta ternus heshera, sgty oe cued dorsaly

065 long, ked by annules ventaly Phsds 5annues aboe the anus.

Male : Not und

Habiat and locait Fo sol aound roots of ctus a

Ynghang, West Skk

Rmark : he pesent maera has been epoed hee as

Rotylenchu sp. because does not wh he decrpon o anynown speces o he gnus In c hese specens share he

chaactes o he genera Rotlnchu and Varotylu Sddq, 86.

uhe atept w be ade to colec oe specens

Fay PATYLENCHDAE hone 4 (ddq, 63)

Genus Pratylencbus Fpjev, 36

Pratylencbus bexincisus ayor and Jenkns 9

Fg 0, A-C)Pratylenchus hexincisus Taylor & Jenkins 957, Nemato/ogica, 2 : 159-174.

Mauremes : '

Feae ( : L=04304 a=4- ; b=4.0-42 b'=3

3. c=6 V=3-5 G =8-30

Decription :

Female : Body cured enaly. Cucle arkd by tansverse

srae, I apart. tera eds aked by 6 ncsues n dbody

p egon arked by wo disnct annues. Syet 1 5 long

sylet knobs soewhat rounded 4 wde. Dosal oesophagealgland openng posteor to styet knobs. Basal oesohgealbulb oelaps nesne sghly oe han one corespondng body

wdth Ecreory por 65 o anteor end. Hezond

jus aneo o excreory poe. Speatheca whou spe. Poste

o uene sac abou one body-wdth. ai - o about ana


24/104

BAQRI Natodes Ctrus from Sikkm

B

_

_0

i A-I

23

H

Fig. 10. C : rayechus hexincisus Taylo & Jenkins 1957 : nterio

region ; 8-Sue view showng lateal elds ; Female tal D

F : Pratlnchus losi Loof, 1960 : DAnterior region ; B-Posteror

uterne sac and spematheca in female repodtive system ; FFemale

til. G-1 : raty/enchus scriber Steiner 1943 G-tror regon

Postror utrne a n srmthea n femal rroductive stemIFemale l.


25/104

2 c zooL SuRv NDI, Oc. APER o 12

bodywidhs long subcylindrical with rounded smooth tip

Male : Not und

Habitat and ocality : From soi around roots of citrus at Saung

East Sikkim.

Pratylecus Jooi oof 1960

(Fig 0, D-F)

ayenchus ooi Loof 1960 Tdschr Pantenzekten 6 2990

Measuremnts

Females (4) L=0450.51 m

b' =3542 ; c=5016.3 ; V=7276 ;

Descripion

a25-31 ;

G4-27

4954 ;

Femaes : Body ventrally curved Cutcle marked by transverse

striae 1 m apart. Lateral elds marked by ur incisures in midbody.

Lip region marked by two distict annules. Stylet 1 50-1 6 5 long

stylet knobs indented 4 m wide Dorsal oesophageal gland opening2 m posterior to stlyet knos asal oesophageal bulb overlaps

intestine about three corresponding body-widths Excretory pore

77-82 m om anterior ed Hemizonid just anterior to excretory pore

Spermatheca lled with sperm Posterior uerine sac about 5 of the

corresponding body-width. Tai 2934 m or about 272.8 anal body

widths long subcylindrical with narrow smooth rounded termius

Male Not und

Habitat ocaiy rom soil around roots of itrus at arku

South Sikkim.

Prayleus scbnei Steiner 19

(Fig 10 G1

Pratylenchus scribneri Steiner in Sherbako & Staney 1943, Tenn. Agr Exp Sta.

Bu. 86: 1-142.

Tlenchus penetrans Cobb191

Jour. Agr. Research U. S. Dept. Agric.,1 27

-33

Pratylenchus penetrans Filipjev & Shuurmans Stekhoven 1941 ; Manual Agric:Helmnth 878 pp. Brill, eiden.

Measuremens

Females (7) L=03-0.4 mm (043) ; a=2229 (25.6) ; b=8

55 (5 1) ; b'=3 645 (4.0) ; c= 141 8 (154) ; V=697 (7 .5) ; G =

28-32 29.4)


26/104

BAQRI Neaodes Ciru fm Sikm 25

Descpton :

Female : Bdy alms straight un xatin. Cuicl striatd,

vraging 1 m aart n midbdy. atral lds markd by 4

ncisues Li regin mre at, markd with tw distinct annuls.

abial awrk tyical t the genus. Stylt 1516 m lng ; stylt

bs slightly cu-shaed, abut 4 m wid. Drsal shagal

land ening 20-2.5 m strir t stylt knbs. Basal shagal

bulb vrlas intestine abut 15-2.0 bdy-widhs. Excrtry

r

6978 m m antrir nd. Hmiznid 0-2 annuls antrir tcetry r, 3 annuls wid Srmatheca withut srms. Pst

utrin sac abut 06 th crrsnding bdy width. Tail

ering in strir hal with sth rundd trminus, 5-32 m

39 anal bdy-widths lng.

Male : Nt und

Habta and caiy Frm sil arund rts maiz and

us near Singta n Siliguri-Gangtk Highway East Sikkim

Family MELOIDGYNDAE Skarbilvich 15 (Wuts, 173)

Genus Melodogye Gldi 1892

Meloidoye s.

Sevral hundrd larva and a w mals Melodogyne s

wer recverd m sil arund rts citrus trs m th llwing

clies : Khudng Basti, Tadung and Sajung in East Sikkim ;Tekghri Tarku and Kewzing in Suth Sikkim Gyalshing and

Gayzng Wst in West Sikkim

In mst f ths rchards addy i grwn vry yar. Mst/

key t hse arva and mals blng t Meodogyne gamincola

olde & Birchld, 1965 bcaus ths has bn rcrdd as a ky

es o paddy m th bardrng distrct Darjling Wst Bngal

by Baqr and Dey (190. Sinc th matur mals culd ntb cd matral is hrby rrtd as Meogyne s

SUPRF NGINOIDEA NICOLL, 935

Family NGINIDAE Nicll 1935

Genus Nobotylenchus Thrne 941

obotylecbs bexaglyphs Khan and Siddiq, 968

Fig 11 , -B)Nhotlenchus hexaglyphus Khan & Sddq 1968, emalgia 14 69-376.


27/104

26 REc. zooL SuRv. INDA, Occ APER N 128

s m

-

A-F

ED F

Fig. 11. A- Nothotylenchus hexaglyphus Khan & Siddiqi, 1968 : AAnteror

region ; B-Postcrior region C-F : Aphelenchus avenae Bastian, 1865

C-nterior reon of female DFmale tal ; E-Anterior end of

mal FMle tail


28/104

BAQRI : ematodes Cus from Skkim 7

Measuements :

eae 1 ) : L069 ;

G 445.

Dscipion

a30 ; =60 ; c28 ; V=86 ;

Female : Body sighty ventray curved in the posterior region

upon xation tapering graduay anterior to base of oesophagus and

posterior to vuva Cutice ney striated averaging about 1 2

apart at id-bod The atera eds arked by six incisures Lipregion sa sighty attened anteriory Styet poory knobbed

at base 8 ong or about 1 headwidth ong rice of dorsal

oesophagea gand about 5 o styet knobs Corpus cyindrica

sighty swoen at base sthus enarges to r a pyrir bub

which is distincty o set o intestine Nerve ring 81 o

anterior end Heizonid about on body-width posterior to nerve

ring Excretory pore jst behind heizonid the duct eads into a

ventray paced renette ce

Vuva a transverse sit Vagina extending about haf of the

corresponding body-width Posterior uterine sac about haf of the

vuvar bodywidth Speratheca without sper Ovary outstretched.

Tai conoid 54 or bout 4 ana body-widths ong with ney

unded terinus

Male Not fondHabtat and ocaly Soi around roots of cirtus at yashing

West Sikkim

/

Remarks : he present specien agrees with the origina descrip-

tion of hexaglyphus provided by Khan & Siddiqi (1968) except

r its onger and deveoped renette ce

orunr & Maggenti (1987) have considered nguinidae underTyenchoidea and Nothotyenchus a junior snony of Dtylenchus.

Since the cassication of Tyenchida proposed by Siddiqi ( 986 has

been owed i the preent paper both nginoidea and Nothotlen-

hus have been considered as vaid

SUBD CRIONEMTINA SIDD 1980

SERFAIY RICOEMATOIDEA TAYLO 1936 (GERAET (1 966)

Faiy CONEMIDA Tayor 1936 horne, 1949)


29/104

28 REc zoL. SR INDA, Occ. PAE No. 128

enus Crconemode Taylor 936

Crconemode nformi Micoletzy 92 Taylor 936Fig 2 AB

Hoplolaimus informis Mcoeky, 1922; Arch Naturg Berlin (1921) Abt A 87 8:1-320.

Criconema informe Mcoetzky 1922 Mcoetky, 195 K Danse Vdens. Selsk.

Skr. Naturv Og Math. Ad, 8 R 10: 570

Criconeoides informis coetky 922 Taor, 1936; Tr Am Mir Soc 55

39421

Macroposthonia inormis Mcoetky, 122 de Grsse & Loof 965 Meded LandbOpzoek Staat Gent 30 577603

Criconema anura Kanova 1948 Publ ded mem Acad Sergei Alexeivich Zeov

Acad Sci. USSR 1948 346358

Criconemoidesandriensis de Grsse, 1964 Nematologica ; 1963 547552

Criconemodes complexa Jarajpuri, 964 Nemaoogica 9 1963 381385

Measurements :

Tekge uation :

Feale (I : L=050 ; al2 5 ; b=44 ; c750 ; V4Khumdong ouon

Feale L039 ; a 1 ; b=40 ; c= ? 29 ; V92

Dection

Feale ody slightly cured entrally nnules (R) 6374,

posterior margins sooth our subedian lobes typical to the genus

Stylet robus 6066 long or 5% of body lengh ; with orwardly

projecting basal knobs 8-9 wide ; st -9 Oesophagus withconvoluted luen in procorpus ; narrow isthus surrounded by nerve

ring and slightly pyrir basal blb ; oesl-5 . Vulva close

V 35 Speratheca non functional ail short an - 3

Mal : Not uud

Habita and oalites Fro soil around roots of citrus at

Tekgeri and Khudong South Sii and East Sii respectively

enus Heicrconemoides Chtwood & Bircheld 957Heiciconeoides cocopilus os 99 hitwood& Bircheld 957

Fi 2 FG)

Criconemoides cocophus Loos, 1949 J. Zoo! Soc India 2329

Hemcriconemoides cocophilus Loos, 949 Chtwood & Brcheld 1957 roc

Helminth Soc Wash.. 2 8086

Hemicycliophora c


30/104

BAQI Nemtodes Crsfom Sikkim 29

Hemicriconemoides communis Edwad & Msra, 194, Nematologia, 9: 4054

Hmicriconemodes microdoratus Dasgupta Raski & Van Gundy, 1969 J Neatol1 : 126-45.

Measremen

Females 4 L=0.5-0.55 mm ;

c=33-43 ; V =923

Descrpion

a=l 9- 1 5 b4852 ;

emale : Body sighty curd entrally Cuticua sheath

oube well separated in tai region nnues R 127136, posteriormargin smoot ead sighty arked o body ; labial annules 2

rst anuule smaler than the second he labial disc eeated Stylet562 with rwardy projecting basa knos wide Rst= 4-

16 Oesophagus typical oes252 Vula open uar heath we

deveoped R 013 Tail conex conoid Ran46

Habia d loclies rom soil around roots of citrus at

Tekgehri South Sikkim.

emiconemods bachyurus (Loo 1949) Ciood & Bced 1957

Fig 1 C-E)

Criconeoides brahyurus Loos, 949 J. zoo! Soc. India 1 : 2329

Hemicriconemoides brachyurus (Loos, 949) Chwood & Bchfeld 957 Proc

Helminth Soc Wash. 2 8086

emicyliophora brachyurus Loos, 1949 Goodey 196 London : Metheun 2nd ed

evsed by J B. Godey, 544 pp

esrmens

emae (5 : L=0450.3 mm ; a 25 b=4.4-5.0 293 1 ;

V3-94.

Decrpo :

Fele Body slightlycured entraly Cutcular sheath doube

we separaed n the mid-bo

y and tail regon nnules R) 97-10osteror argn smooth Head continuou wth body ; labal annules

2, rst annule smaller than the seond Stylet 45 m ; with

rwardly proecting basal knobs 89 wide ; Rst= l -12. Oeso

phagus typical ; oes= 1821 Vula opn ular sheath well

deeloped ; - 0. ail conex-conoid an45

Habia and locay From soil around oots of i trus at lowerYangthang near Gyelshing West Sikki.


31/104


32/104

BAQRI Nematods Citu from Skkim 3

ORER HNCHIDA SDQI 1980SUORDER PHBLNCHINA GERAERT 196

SUPERFAILY PHLNCHOIDEA Fchs 193 (THOR NE 1949)Gens Aphlnchus Bastian 1865phlenchus avna Bastian 1865

Fig 1 1 , CF)

Aphelenchus avenae Basian 1965, Tr. Linn Soc. London ; 7384.

Aphelenchus agricola de Man 881, Tijdschr Nederl Dierk Veren 3843

Isonchus radicicolus Cobb. 1913 J Wash Acad Sci 3 : 42444Aphelenchus (Paahelenchus) maupasi Micoletzky, 922, Arch Naturg Berlin 87:

3650

Aphelenchus micoletzkyi Seiner 94 Proc. Biol Soc. Wash. : 3-34

Metaphelenchus rhopalocercus Seiner 943 Bol. San Veg, Chile 3 : 95 6

Aphelenchus macrobolus Seiner 1942 Proc Helminth Soc Wah : 3238.

Aphelenchus maximus Das 1960 Ztschr Parasitenk 19 553605

Aphelenhus mirzai Das 1960 Ztschr Parasitenk, 1 : 353605

Measuremes :

Females 0) L= 06 05 mm (065) a 3 1 455 385 b=505 5 2) b'= 3644 (4 ) =2233 298) V=69 (8) G =3 1 50 (408) G =446 (6 1)

ale ( l : L=00 mm a=28 b6 ; b =43 ; c=2 . T=7

Decrpon ;

Female Body slightly ventrally crved upon xation andtapering gadally at both ends Cticle straiated nely 20 mthick triae averaging 1 2 m apart. Lateral elds 23 /38 odywidth near middle and marked by 102 incires Head sligtly o

set. Median oesophageal blb and oesophageal glands typical to thegens Excretory pore at the leve of nerve ring or slightly posterior

to it. Stylet withot basal knobs 3 15 m long Female reproductivesystem ono-prodelphic ovary otstretched Post terine sac 3254 m

or 2 030 vlvar body-width long Rectm 1 113 m slightly longer

than one anal bodywidth Tail hort, cylindrical 2030 or 2023anal bodywidths long

Mle Body slghtly ventrally cved in its posterior thrd andtapering gradally towards anterior end Excretory ore slightlyblow the ne e ring 105 m om anteor end Stylet without

basal knobs 1 5 m long Spicles 2 m long medially Guberna

clm 14 m long Brsa typical to the gens


33/104

32 EC ZOO SURV. INDA, O APER 12

Habitat and locaities : From soil round roots of citrus at

Khumdong Bast, Sang, Majirtar Basti Samdur Duga and adungin East Sikkim ; Turung, Tekgehr alam, Tarku, Mangro Basti

and Ben in South Sikkim ; Gyalshing, Yanghang ik Juk, aythang

Yangthang and Kabirthang in Wet Sikkim sing male was

collected om around roots of citrus at adug near Gangtok

OER ORYLMDA PESE 142

SUBODE ORYAMA PEARSE 136

SUPERFY ORYLMODE DE MAN 1876

Family ORYMDE De Man 1876

Genus Laimydorus Siddiqi, 1969

Liydorus iniu s n

Fig 13)

Measuremens

Tarku popuaio tye)

Holotye Female : Ll 4 mm ; a=36 ; b37 c87 ;

1 1 5 20V= 504

Paratye Females (2 L = l 30- .4 mm ; a3436 ; b=3 4 36 ;

2 1 1 12c= 8.99 ; V= 0-52

Mangro Basi popuatio

Females (3 L = l 401 49 mm ; a =34-35 ; b=3 37 ; c =9396 ;

Dscrptio :

1 8 12 1 1 1 2V= 4952

Femae Body ventally curved uon xation taering slightly

towards both extremities Cuticle nely striated, 3 m thick

thickest on tail Lateral hypodermal chords 7th /6th of body

width near middle Dorsal ad ventral body ores indistinc, only

27 lateral boy ores could be counted in one female, of which 10

occur in neck region

Li region marked o by a slight deressio, aout /3rd ofbody-width at base of oesohagus mhids stiru shaed ; their

aertures 6/7 m om anterior end 9 10 m wide or occuying

6470% f the corresonding body-width. Sensillar ouches 6- 1

m om amhidial slits Odontostyle 3338 m or 23-2.7 li region

widths lng ; aerture 1 1 - m Guiding ring 1020 m or 1 4

1 5 li regionwidth om anterior end. Odontohore shorter than


34/104

BAQRI : Nematodes Crus fom ikm

-B,C

_

_"J!-f

__

D-G

0

N

33

Fg 13. Laimydorus minimus sp n : AEntire male BAnteror end ; C

Surfae view o anterior end DBasal expanded part of oesopha

gus and cardia E-Vulva, vagina and posterio sexual branch ; FFemal tail G-Femae tail tip.


35/104

34 EC. ZOOL URV. NDIA, O APER o 28

ntstyle 2835 m r 08 09 f dontstyle length Basal

expanded part f esphagus occupyig 4447 of the neck region.

The psitins f esphageal gland nuclei and their ories are aslws ; = 541 547 ; D=570-574 DN=2729 S

5760 SN 68 69 ; S 7778 ; 8788 ; K=5461 K'=

6066 Cardia tngeshaped enveloped by intestinal tissue Nerve

ring 3247 m r 3337% f the nek egin om anterior end

rerecum 8096 m or 3340 anl body-widths long. Rectum 30

40 m or 2I 8 anal bodywidths long.

Vulva lngitudinal. Vagina thickwalled extending inward 1 9-

22 m or about half f the correspnding bodywidh. Female

reprductive system ampidelphic. The sperm present in the uters

f ne female 35 m lng. The uterus and viduct separated by

sphincter Ovaries reexed ocytes arranged rst in a single rw

and in multiple rws at grwth region

Tail elngate tapering gradually with shap acute terminus, 43

180 r 675 anal bdywidths long with two cadal pres oneach sid.

Mle t und.

Typ hbt d locly Frm soil arund rots f citrus a

Tarku Sut Sikim

Mongo Bt ppulton From sl arun roots f citrs a

Mangr Basti Sth Sikki.

Other loclits : Two females were als clected ne each om

Khumdong and Phangla East Sikim

Dentil dnoss : Ladorus mus sp n is distinct om

all the species f the genus in having dontostyle re than tw

headwidths lng with shrter body length =mre than 2 mm having

2 head widths lng dntstyle in other species). However it

comes close to L sddq Baqri & Jaa 1 982 but diers in havingsmaller body and dntstyle dontphre smaller than dontostyle

wider an dierently shaped amphids and tail tip sharper and

narrwer (L= 1 .99. 7 mm odontostyle=9-3 I m odontophore

lnger than dontostyle amphidial apertues occupying 5460% of

the crrespnding bdywidt and tail tip runded in . ddq)

/


36/104

BQRI : Netods Crus fro Sikk

Measuremnts :

Laimydorus cooansi sp n.

ig 4

Htype Femae : L 3 mm ; a 43 ; b4.3 ; c= 3 ; 5 1 7

43 Paratype Female ( L 325 mm ; a40 ; b=4 ; c 28

4 5 =42

Paratype Male () =3 3 m ; a=3 ; b5 ; c= 0 5 ;T=37

Descpon

35

Female ody neary sraight pn xatin tapering sightytwards bth ends Ctice nely striated 4 5-7.0 / m thick thickestn tai) atera hypderma chrds abt 4th f bdywidth nearmidde Bdy pres cnted ny in htype mae Drsa bdy

pres 27 p t vva regin. Ventr bdy pres 58, spaed irregarythrght he bdy atera bdy pres 01 f whih 34 ccr inthe neck regin

ip regi mared by a sight cnstrictin abt /35 fbdy width at as f esphags Amphids sirrp-hap ; theirapertres 8 m anterir end 10 m wide r ccpyin abthalf f the crrespndig bdwdth Seniar pches m m . _

amphidia slits Odnttye 380 m r abt tw ip reginwidthng ; apertre - . Giding ring 24 m r 2 ip egnwidth rm anterir end Odntphre 445 r sighty re than ne dntstyle length Basa expanded part f esphagsccpying abut haf f the neck regin catins f the eshagea gand ncei nd their rices are as ws : D 5 .3 ; N525 ; DOD I 2 ; S N 7 ; S 75 ; 85 . ; =8 ;=8 ; K' = 80 ardia shrt rnded envelped by intestinatisse erve ring 200-2 r 2730% f neck regn m anterirend reect 1 5- 8 m r abt 6.5 ana bdywidths Jn.ectm 41 48 r abt 5 ana bdyidth ng

Vuva ngitdina emae reprdctive system anphidephiche exact shape f vagina nt cear de t sight drs-ventrapsitin scertized distally Uters abt ve times nger thanvidct, the rmer partly glandar and party mscar Utersand vidct separated by the sphincter Ovaries reexed


37/104

36

A

G

Ec. ZOOL SURV. NDI, Occ PAER No 128

f

' \.

i

:

Fig 14. Laimydorus coomns sp. n : AEntire female ; B-Anterior end ;

C-Suae view of anterior end ; D-Basal expanded part of oeso

phagus and cardia E Vulva, vagina and posterior sexual branh

F-Female tail G-Entire male ; HPosterior region of male


38/104

BQ: Nmatode1 Ctr o Skim 37

ai eongate conoid 24 -22 r m or about 9 ana bodywidtsong wit tree to ur cauda pores on ea side

Mle : Simiar to mae in genera shape and morpoogyexcpt te more curved posterio region and mae genita system

Odontostye 3 or about two ip regionwidths ong uidingring 2 m or abot 3 eadwidt om anterior end Odontopore4 m or 1 2 ties the odontostye ength Prerecum 87 m orabout 1 2 ana body-idths ong starts before the suppement regionSpicues 7 m ong wen meaured aong te crved median ineLatera guidg pieces rd-shped 10 m ong n addition to teadana pai 27 ventroedian contiguous suppements present Subventra apiae 1 spaced irreguary ai convex conoid witrouned termnus 30 or aout 0.8 ana body-widt ong wit8 cauda pores on each side.

Type Hbit d ocy : rom oi arund roots of cirs at

arku Sot iim

Deta dagnoss : Lamydoru coomai sp n coe coseto L f as horne 197 and L blds aqri & Jana 1982 romte rmer t present new spcies dier in aving shorter odontostyeanteriory situated guiding ring and onger oesophagus (odontostye4546 m uiding ring28 m or 1 3 ip region width om anterioren and b 5 54 n l. fls aqri ( 986) whi revising the

spcies reported by Kera 1970 ao identid the mae of L as r te rst tie o wch e preen me diers in having

shorter spcue nd esser number of ventroedian suppementsspiuee 10 m and 47 ventromedian supeent in L s afteraqri 986 From L . ba/dus it dier in aving shorter body,odontostye and dontophore ( l -23 m ; odontostye 242m odontophore=29-30 m in L baldus. The mae frter

diers n te obsence of pseudo 'Z organs whie te mae havingonge spicues (pices3 m in . baldus)

e new species has been named after my teacer rossor ACooans Instituut Voor Dierkunde Rijksunersiteit Gent egium

amiy QuoSIANEMATDE Jairajpri 196enus Labrnema ndrassy 98

abroemel hemicaudat sp n

(ig 1


39/104

38 EC. ZOOL SURV INDA, Occ. PER No. 128

I \ :

B

F

i

. I

0 00

0

Fig 15 Labronemella hemicaudata sp n. : AEnie feml BAneio

nd CSurc viw of antei Ci d ; DBasal expaded pat of

oesopagus and cadia EVulva, vaina and posteio sual

banch ; F-Poseio egion of emae GEntie mal HPosteior

gion of male Ipule.


40/104

BAQRI Nemtodes Cu from Sikm 39

Measuemnts :

Holotype Female 22 mm a30 b=4 c 99 20 14

V 54 aratype Female 1) L 263 mm a 37 50 ; c 101

1 16 .V 9

Paratype Male ( L= 259 mm a 38 b47 c T60.

Decpton Femle : Boy vetrally curve posterior to vulva upon xaion

Cuticle nel striate 45 m thick i the miby an 10 m thick otail ateral hypoermal chors about l 7th of boywith n temile Doral a ventral boy pores 5 a 8 repectively, restrictein the oesophageal regio Lateral boy ores counte 69 in onemale of which 20 i te oesophageal region 40 i the intestialregio, 7 in prerectum a rectm regio ad to in the caual

region

ip regio somewhat iscolaimoi type 22-23 fi wie an 78 mhigh, o set by a cotrictio, slightl less than l /3r of boywithat base of oesophags with eeply suk oral el and well separateiner liplets The el of iner liplets about hal of the heawi,4-5 I high mphis strrup shape their apertures 78 m materior e an occupyig 9 m or 40 of corresponding boywidh.Oontostyle 2025 m thick or about hal of the correspoing cuticlethickess, 293 1 or about 3 heawith og apertue 78 m orabout l /4th of oonostyl legth Guiig ring 11 9 i or about0.8 m lip regionith om aterior en Ootophore 44 m or1 4 .7 times the ootosye leth Basal expaed part of oesopagus occupyig 01 o the nk region he sitios of oesophageal gla nuclei an ter orices are as llows : DO=493-52 5

DN524552 DOD 2730 S 7279 S 79-80 S 87895 0=9091 6 K 6 '=0 erve ringat 1 6 1 m or 2226% of the oesophaeal length om anteorextreity Caria roue, evelope by itestinal tissue Prerectum1 30182 m or 34 aal boywiths log ectum 4853 m or slightlylonger han oe anal bowith

Vulva a trasverse slit Vagia exteig inwar 28-3 1 m or mor

tha 1 /r of correspoi boy with sclerotize istally Uterusa oviuct separate by the sphicter Ovaries reexe oocytes


41/104

0 R ZOL. SUV. NDI, O P No. 128

aaged i a sigle ow exept at gowth eio gg 26 48 m

Tail oded 23-26 m o abot half the aal body-width log withtwo adal poes o eah side

Male : Simila to male i geea shape ad mopholoy eeptthe male epodtive system ad moe vetally ved posteio

egio Odotostyle 30 m log Gidig ig 18 m om ateio ed

Odotophoe 46 m log Peetm 285 m o abot 6 aal boy

widths log stats bee the spplemet egio Spiles obst

78 m log alog the media ved lie Lteal gidig piees 2 mlog additio to the adaal pai 18 vetomedia spplemets

peset Sbvetal papillae 9 spaed ieglaly al oded

26 m o sligtly moe tha hal of the aal bodyidt lo with e

adal poes o eah side

Tp habiat and locay : Fom sol aod oot of ts aGyalshig West Sikim

Drenial dagnosis : Labonmlla hmicaudaa sp r oelose to Labronmell labiaa Adassy 98 whih ha bee deibedoly o a male Howeve the male of peset w speies die

i havig lesse suk eld of th ie lip, l /4th odotostyle apee

apete I 3d i L lbiaa) amphiial s lits abot 40% o thoeponding bodywidth _amphidial slits moe than 6% of the

coespondig bodywidth i L lbata), loge peetm (peetmstats at te anteio most vetomedia spplemet in L labiata),longe spiles (spiles 6 m i L labiata). Laqnemel/a hmicadaap n. also comes to L loo Ahmad & aiajpi 1983) dassy198 bt dies in havig lesse sk eld f e lips 1 3 lip egio

widt odotostyle (odotostyle 6 lip egiowidth i L lo adidig ig 08 lip egio width om ateio ed (gidig ig oe

lip regio width om ateio d i L loof he male o thepese ew speies also dies om loo i havig loge spils

spile 2-63 m i L loo) ad loge peetm peetm sttat the midspplemet egio i L of

aily ORDIDAE Jaiajpi & Siddqi 964

Ges Orivrutus Siddiqi 9

rverus lobat Siddiqi 9

(ig 6 A-E)

Oiverutus lobatus Siddiqi, 971 , Neat/ogca 16 : 483-1.


42/104

BAQRI : Nematods Ciru from Sikkim

_

so

A I

. ,

B

G H

c E

1:\

:

1 ;

;1 iH '/ t ,I I ' , l

1,i! : I ;

:

I

'I I . I , : i:I1 1 Ii

F

-

J

41

ig. 16 . E : Oriveruus lobatus Siddiqi, 1971 ; A-nerior end ;

Surface iew of anerior end ; C-Basal expanded part of oesophagus

and cardia DFemae reproducive sysem ; EPoseior region

F-1 Orverutus sundarus (Wiiams, 1 964) Siddiqi, 1971 :

Anerior region ; GOesophagoinesina juncion H-Vua and

agina ; IPoserior region of femae.


43/104

42 ZOOL. SUR. DI O PR N 2

Measurements :

emales (4) : L0620.73 mm a20-2 =3033 - 1 4

= 10-145 V=37-435

Descrpion

Femae Body slightly vntrally curved in posterior hal upon

ation tapering gradually towards oth ends Ctcle nely striated

23 m thick (thckest on tail) Lateral hypodermal chords 4th- /3rd

of odywidth near middleLip region wider than adjoning ody marked y a distinct

constriction lips having prominent papillae Amphids strruped

shaped apertures 5-6 m om anterior end and ocupyng 6 0-65 m

or 65-66% of the corresponding ody-width Sensillar pouches 6- m

om amphidial slits Odontostyle attenuated 16-19 m or 1 7 8 lip

regionwidth long aperture aout 3 m Guiding ring 78 1r or 07-

0 lip regionwidth om anterior extremity Odontophore 1 9 m

long The asal expanded part of oesophagus occupying 37-44%

of nec region ardia with three loes, enveloped y intetinal

tissue erve ring 792 m om anterir end Prerectm 1834 m

or anal dywidh long ectum 14-1 m long Vulva a

transvrs slit Vagina 1- 14 m long modrately sclrotize distally.

Monoopithodelphic reproductive system

Tail ventrally curved conoid hornshaped in prole with narow

lunt terminus 0-0 m or 5-3 anal odywidths long, withone caudal ore on each side

Habtat and loate : rom soil around roots of citus t '

Khumdong Basti East Siim ; Mangro Basti outh Sikim

yalshing and Kairthang Wst ikkim

Oiverutus uadru (Williams 1964) Siddiqi 1971

(ig 16 -)

Edry/aimus undarus Williams. 196 Nemaologica, 10 39-322

Orveruus sudarus (Wiliam, 1964) Siddiqi 197 Nematologica 16 : 483-491 .

Measremens

Femles 086-087 mm a 29-32 b= 3 l -3 c 5

3 41 6 42-44


44/104

BQI Nematodes Cru from Skkim 43

Descipon

Female Body ventrally curved in posterior half upon xationtapering gradually towards both ends Cuticle nely striated 34

m thick

Lp region wider tha adjoining body lips distinct large

subangular Amphids stirrupshaped their apertures 56 m om

anterior end and occupying 55 m or about 5% of the corresponding

body-idth Odontostyle attenuated m or about 6 l ip region

idth long aperture about 3 m Guiding ring 7 m om anteriorend Odontophore 9 m or equal to the odontostyle length he

basal expanded part of oesophagus occupying 4243 of neck region

Prerectum 4856 m or about 2528 anal body-widths ong ith

a lobe extending behind preretum-rectum junction Rectum 22-25

m long Vula a transverse slt Reproductive system mono

opsthodelphic

ail ventrally curved conoid horn-shapd in pole \ith anarro blunt trminus, 54-57 m or abou 8 anal bodyidths long

wth one caudal pore on each side.

a : Not und

Habia and ocaliy

From soil around roots o ctrus t

Khudong Basti East Siim

Rmak1 his species has lready been redescribe dyb Baqri andKhera 977) om district Darjeeling W Bengal ndia)

Masumn

Oriutu parangultus sp n.

(Fig 7)

Trk popuaion : typ)

Holotype Female L= 0 mm a=27 b=37 c7 V=

5

Paratype Males ( L=098-1 1 6 mm ; = 032 b6

37 c=2052 T=4-55

Sang popuaon

Females (3) : =099 5 mm a=2838 b637 c= 7

4 45 V=553


45/104

' ,I

4 RE ZOOL SURV I, O APER N 18

Descripton :

Female Body slightly vetrally curved at the posterior ed

upon xatio, taperig slightly towards both ds. Cuticle ely

striated 25 m thick (tickest o tail) ateral hypodermal chords

slightly more tha l /3rd of bodywidth ear middle Dorsal ad

vetral body pores idistict. Lateral body ores 4 (couted i

e male), of whic 8 i the oesophageal regio, 14 betwee cardia

d aus ad two i cadal regio

ip regio marked o by a costricti, widr tha adjoiig

body 6065 m high ad 1213 m wide, with subagular lipsbearig promiet papillae Amphids large stirrupshaped teir apertures 6 m om aterior extremity ad occupyg 655 mor 56 5 of the correspodig bodywidth Seillar pouches 1 51 6 m om amhidial slits Odototyle atteuated 7 9 m or

1314 lip regiowidth log its aperture 34 m log Guidig

rg 655 m or 006 headwidth from aterior ed Odotophore193 m or 1 1- .2 times the odotostyle legth The basal expaded

part of oesophagus occupying 4-50% of he eck regio. Thelocatios of oesophageal glad uclei ad their orices are as llows :

= 62 ; D=600 ; DODN=44 SN =06 S N34 S =8 ; S=88 ; K 78 ; K'=84 Cardia with three lobeseveloped by intestinal tissue erve rig 100-115 m or 363% of

the nek region om aterior end Prerectum 38 mor 26

anal boy-widths long Rctum 185 m or slightly logr tha

aal bodywidth

Female reproduti system amphidelphic Vulva a trasverse- /

lit agine extendig iward 1416 m or about 1/ of the cores

podig bodywidth sclerotized distaly Uterus ad oiduct separatedby we developed sphicter muscles Ovaries reexed oocyts

arraged i single row xcept a the growth rgio .

Tail elogate cooid taperig o a ely rouded termius, 49

60 m o 2830 aal bodywidths log with two cauda pores oeach side.

Male : Similar to male i geeral shape ad morphology

except i the male reproductve system Odotostyle 9 m Guidig

rig m om aterior ed Odotophore 9 m Prerectum 80

88 m or about 3 0 aal body-widths Jog Spicules 3435 m


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BAQRI : Nematode Cirus from Sikkim 45

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Documents

Baqri 1991 - Nematodos en Citrus de Sikkin