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BANG BUA CANAL SLUM
THAILAND
What is a Canal ?Canals are artificial channels for water.
Canal = Khlongs
There are two types of canals: • water conveyance canals• waterways
Canals in Bangkok ( “Venice Of The East”) are due to it’s history as a trading post with waterways as means transportation
Where is Bang Bua Canal ?
It is located in South east Asia, THAILAND (10 Km’s north of Bangkok; the Capital of the nation)
A little background on the upgrading of Bang Bua canal.
• 3,400 families
• many of them vendors, laborers and daily-wage workers.
•a lot of the houses were built on stilts right over the canal, and houses would collapse frequently
•12 informal settlements which line the 13 kilometer stretch of Bangkok Bang Bua Canal.
• insecurity, with the daily risk of fires and eviction,
• facing constant accusations of polluting the canal
• Access to community ------- network of dangerous, narrow, rickety walkways made of wood planks and bamboo.
• the people living along the Bang Bua
canal joined hands with the Baan
Mankong Program to upgrade their
communities.
Old Housing
This was what the houses along Bang Bua looked like prior to renovation.
• Inadequate space for an acceptable standard of living
• Prone to flash floods during monsoon season
• Extremely poor sanitation system
• Water pollution
REASONS FOR REPLANNING AND REBUILDING
•Atmosphere was a breeding ground for crime related deeds.
• Poor safety for residents in terms of access to public protection (FIRE brigade)
• Low levels of community spirit and sense of belonging.
• Houses are aesthetically unattractive, creating low esteem levels amongst Locals.
REGENERATION PROGRAMMS
• Klong Bang Bua scheme
• ACHR (Asian Coalition of Housing Rights)
• CODI (Community Organization Development Institution)
• Baan Mankong
KHLONG BANG BUA PROJECT• Reduce fire hazards, eviction rates and accusation
of canal pollution
• Improve communities and increase land tenure
ACHR• is a part of the Homeless International, focuses
on urban poverty issues in the developing world
• tackles the issue of forced evictions, develop opportunities and organizations for the poor.
CODI• A public organization underneath the Ministry of
Social Development and Human Security
• Supporting and assisting community organizations’ career development.
BAAN MANKONG PPROJECT• An organization setup by the Thai government to
address housing problems on Thailand’s poorest urban citizen.
HOUSING
Three types of new housing built :
• Detached house,
• twin houses and
• row houses
• Recycled building materials were used = cost-efficient
• Welfare housing and Welfare support for the extremely poor
• Housing for renters
• Houses built by the people of the community = cost efficient + experience
Tactics for Improvement1. Slum upgrading2. Re-blocking3. Land sharing4. Reconstruction5. Relocation
The Project
• There are 112 households in this community. The reconstruction is planned in three phases :
• Phase 1: build 14 houses• Phase 2 : Build 37 – 40 houses• Phase 3 : build 35 houses
TOTAL 112 units
STRATERGIES
• Houses are compactly planned to counter floods
• supported on concrete stilts for strength against collapsing
• Renting of houses encouraged for economic purposes
• developing secure housing with the involvement of the community enhances communal bonds.
POSITIVE OUTCOMES
• No eviction
• Houses built without loans, recycled materials were used = no debt to community
• Canal walkway built for easy access
• Better living conditions
•Septic tanks : Each house has its own septic tank
•Kitchen grease filters : Each house also has a small grease-trap filter in the kitchen made from PVC pipes, plastic buckets, gravel and charcoal.
• Community-wide waste water treatment : “gray water”---- central treatment plant------water trees -----rest goes
into the canal
• Community wide waste collection is done and disposed without polluting the canal
• Oil Collected from filters in kitchens: Sold to make candles
• Growing Pak boong (kind of vegetable): cleans water in natural way, available to eat, and to sell
• Community health centre and school
• Tourism increased (floating market)
• 3-meter street along canal– Walking– Cars (if necessary)
• Boats are no longer able to run along the canal
• Separate pedestrian and vehicular paths are not provided.
• Cheap materials were used for households:Problems may result because of this later on.
NEGATIVE OUTCOMES
A SLUM REDEVELOPMENT PROJECT
INTEGRATED HOUSING AND SLUM REDEVELOPMENT PROJECT AT
VIRAR,THANE,MAHARASHTRA, INDIA ARCHITECT-SUVARNA LELE
PREVAILING SCENARIO
India is undergoing transition from rural to semi urban society
Increasing migration from RURAL to URBAN areas
Mismatch between demand and supply of sites and services
Disparity between high land costs , cost of construction and lower incomes leading to non
sustainable situation
Lack of equitable supply of land, shelter and services at affordable prices
Environmental paradigms neglected while design and planning
Depletion of resources in construction and negligence of ecology in design
Lack of application of cost effectiveness and energy efficiency in construction
IHSDP PROJECT BENEFITS TO SLUM DWELLERS
Housing
Provision of Individual Toilets, Drainage
Water Supply Arrangement
Roof Top Rain Water Harvesting
Electric Connection
Storm Water disposal pipe line
Community Centre
USE OF ADVANCE COST EFFECTIVE TECHNOLOGY /
MATERIAL
Fly -Ash, Lime and Gypsum mixed bricks (Fal-G) will be
used for construction of dwelling units.
Precast Ferro Cement jali will be used in place of steel
or wooden window.
Man Hole Covers For Inspection Chamber will be
used made from precast Ferro cement
Precast RCC door frame will used in place of teak-
wood frame.
Precast Ferro Cement Chajja cum Lintel will be
used in place of conventional insitu RCC for cost & time saving
purpose
RCC for cost & time saving purpose. Precast Ferro
Cement steps will be used in place of conventional brick
masonry.
PUSHPA NAGAR SLUMSPREVAILING SCENARIO
Justification for need of the IHSDP
•No Housing scheme like Lok Awas Yojana (LAY) of GOM of VAMBAY (Valmiki Ambedkar Malin Basti Awas Yojana) was launch by the State or GOI.
•The above scheme was only in 61 town of the state. Hence DMC could not provide the basic need to slum residents
•Under IHSDP it provided shelter along with the basic need like Water, Road, Drain, Storm Water Disposal, Solid Waste Disposal, Sewerage, Street light etc are in one package which provides hygienic and habitable condition to the poor, which will definitely up lift the standard of living
PROPOSED SITE PLAN
PLAN OF A SINGLE FLAT
BUILDING PLAN
BUILDING PLAN WITH LAWN
COMMUNITY CENTRE
SECOND FLOOR THIRD FLOOR
Community centre TEMPLE
Small Area available for community centre which is situated at the
entrance of the site
Temple area with lawn and sitting for recreation
Energy saving electrical fittings
Rainwater water harvesting
Compact planning due to less area available resulted in 4-1 dwelling unit.Use of eco-friendly materials for better environment.TEMPLE and COMMUNITY CENTRE enhances community bondingRainwater harvesting technique as energy saving measure.
INFERENCES
THANK YOU
CHAITANYA 090159RACHANA 090160RAVALI 090172MANOGNA 090175MEHAR 090176