Day 113: Progressivism and the Republican Roosevelt

Baltimore Polytechnic InstituteFebruary 28, 2012

A.P. U.S. HistoryMr. Green

Objectives: Students will:Discuss the origin, leadership, and goals of progressivism.Describe how the early progressive movement developed at the local

and state level and spread to become a national movement.Describe the major role that women played in progressive social reform,

and explain why progressivism meshed with many goals of the women’s movement.

Tell how President Roosevelt began applying progressive principles to the national economy, including his attention to conservation and consumer protection.

Explain why Taft’s policies offended progressives, including Roosevelt.Describe how Roosevelt led a progressive revolt against Taft that openly

divided the Republican party.AP Focus

Corporate abuses and the government’s attempt at patchwork reforms—Reform is an AP theme—over the previous decades convince progressives that stronger action is needed.

Legislation had been passed to protect the American worker, though widespread abuse continues, sparking strikes. One of the most important is the Anthracite Coal Strike, and it is significant because the federal government does not instinctively take the side of management.

Progressivism and the Republican Roosevelt

CHAPTER THEMESThe strong progressive movement

successfully demanded that the powers of government be applied to solving the economic and social problems of industrialization. Progressivism first gained strength at the city and state level, and then achieved national influence in the moderately progressive administrations of Theodore Roosevelt.

Roosevelt’s hand-picked successor, William H. Taft, aligned himself with the Republican Old Guard, causing Roosevelt to break away and lead a progressive third-party crusade.

Chapter Focus

Test Monday, March 5, 2012 Chapters 27-29Focus Questions-Chapter 28 Due Wednesday

Announcements

Europe threatened to throw out all American beef

The Jungle highlighted the appalling conditions of food, even though the book was to show plight of workers

Meat Inspection Act of 1906-meat shipped across states would be inspected

Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906

Caring for the Consumer

Desert Land Act of 1877-government sold cheap arid land. Land had to be irrigated in 3 years

Forest Reserve Act of 1891-President can set aside public forests as national parks

Carey Act of 1894-distributed federal land to states. Land had to be irrigated and settled

Newlands Act of 1902-money from sale of public lands in the West to use for irrigation projects

Many organizations spun off: Boys Scouts of America, Audubon Society, Sierra Club

The independent contractor were shouldered aside as corporations had the capacity to work with the federal bureaucracy

Earth Control

Fiscal ReformsAldrich-Vreeland Act: authorized national banks to issue emergency currency backed by various kinds of collateral

The “Roosevelt Panic” of 1907

Election of 1908Democrats-William Jennings BryanRepublicans-William Howard Taft321-162: Electoral College went to Taft7,675,320 to 6,412,294 popular voteSocialists received 420,793 votes for Eugene V. Debs

Roosevelt’s impactenlarged the power/prestige of the Presidencybig stick of publicityshaped the progressive movementSquare Deal grandfather to New Deal

The Rough Rider Thunders Out

Dollar diplomacyManchurian railroad scheme

American/Foreign investors buy the railroad and liquidate it China-Japan/Russia rejected it

Wall Street invested in Honduras/Haiti to keep out foreign funds

U.S. military intervened to protect investments

The Dollar Goes Abroad as a Diplomat

Taft brought 90 suits in 4 yearsRoosevelt brought 44 in 7.5 yearsTaft challenged a U.S. Steel merger that

Roosevelt was personally involved in finalizing.

Taft the Trustbuster

Explain how William Howard Taft split the Republican Party by describing the Ballinger-Pinchot quarrel that erupted in 1910.

Taft Splits the Republican Party

Read Chapter 28Prepare for 5 question quiz on WednesdayFocus questions for chapter 28 due

Wednesday

Homework