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Ballet of the Romantic Era
History of Ballet Culture and Development
Ballet BeginningsEmerged in 15th century Renaissance courts of Italy as a dance interpretation of fencing
Further developed in the French courts from the time of Louis XIV in the 17th century
Reflected in French Vocabulary of Ballet
The Ballet Comique de la Reine –
considered to be the first Ballet
Brought to France by Catherine de Medicis who came from the Italian royal family and became the French queen
Ballet Beginnings
Lingo and Technique
Turn out 5 Positions Pointe Plié Relevé
Tendu Jumps Passé Pirouette
Classical (1660 – 1830)King Louis XIV established the first Royal Academy of Dance
Wore masks, wigs or large headdresses, heeled shoes, corsets, and hoopskirts
Two French dancers shortened their skirts and adopted heelless slippers to display sparkling jumps and beats – discarded their corsets and put on Greek robes to dance in Pygmalion
Very male dominated until the Romantic era
French developed ballet that portrayed story with just movement and expression
Other ballet companies begin to develop, most notably the Russian Imperial Ballet of St. Petersburg
Began developing technique (jumps, leaps, pirouettes), toe dancing (dancers stood on their toes for moment or two)
Classical
Romantic (1830 – 1900)Introduced with La Sylphide in Paris
Emphasis on otherworldly beings
Pointe shoes – floating
White tutu – otherworldly
Dominated by Women (Cult of the Ballerina)
Sleeping Beauty, Swan Lake, The Nutcracker, Giselle, Faust (The Ballet!)
Grandeur of Parisian ballet spread to other parts of Europe
Denmark Russia – greatest
integrity of Ballet during Romantic period
New stage effects such as lighting and wires allowed for supernatural spectacles
Coppélia – last Romantic Ballet
Supernatural 1st act – earthly 2nd act – spiritual
world
Romantic
Neoclassical Ballet (1900 – 1960s) Used classical technique and positions More expansive, expressive Pushed classical boundaries Wider, more modern spacings
Neoclassical
Contemporary (1900s)
Basic ballet structure Utilizes many elements of modern
Turn in of the legsFloor workGreater range of movement
Contemporary