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8/11/2019 Badger El Al ICOWES2013
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/badger-el-al-icowes2013 1/21
Wake modelling combiningmesoscale and microscale models
International Conference on Aerodynamics of OffshoreWind Energy Systems and WakesTechnical University of Denmark17-19 June 2013
CRES
J. Badger, P. Volker, S. Ott, P.-E. Réthoré, A. Hahmann, C. HasagerDTU Wind Energy, Denmark
J. Prospathospoulos, G. SierosCentre for Renewable Energy Sources and Saving, Athens, Greece
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DTU Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark
• European Energy Research Alliance• DTOC: Design Tool for Offshore (wind farm) Clusters
• EU-FP7 funded project, 2012-2015
• Focus on designing wind farm clusters
Introduction - EERA-DTOC
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DTU Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark
Mesoscale models – ubiquitous, we see them everyday
Typical model resolutions and extent:
Horizontal: between 2 km and 20 km, extend 100 – 1000s km
Vertical: between 10 m and 30 m near to the surface, extend to several km in height
Mesoscale covers atmospheric processes with horizontal scales from ~1 km to ~100 km
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From DMI.dk
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DTU Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark
Mesoscale models - well established in wind energy
DTU Wind Energy hasdeveloped:
KAMM/WAsP
WRF/WAsP
methodologies for resourceestimation.
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unboxed mesoscale modelling, boxed from measurements
Wind Atlas for South Africa http://www.wasaproject.info/
Mesoscale models used extensively for wind power forecasting....
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DTU Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark5
Microscale models•wind farm scale•analytical or semi-analytical•CFD
Mesoscale model•cluster scale•WRF community model•idealized or realistic modes
Motivation
8/11/2019 Badger El Al ICOWES2013
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DTU Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark7
Motivation
Stability conditionsMesoscale phenomena included•terrain induced•synoptically inducedSpatially inhomogeneous windspeed and directionTemporally unsteady wind fieldsVery far extension of farm wakesLong range farm wake recovery
Detail of how turbine wakeinteractIndividual turbine thrust
Potential for detail of wakeexpansion
Microscale models•wind farm scale•analytical or semi-analytical•CFD
Mesoscale model•cluster scale•WRF community model•idealized or realistic modes
8/11/2019 Badger El Al ICOWES2013
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DTU Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark8
Motivation
Stability conditionsMesoscale phenomena included•terrain induced•synoptically inducedSpatially inhomogeneous windspeed and directionTemporally unsteady wind fieldsVery far extension of farm wakesLong range farm wake recovery
Detail of how turbine wakeinteractIndividual turbine thrust
Potential for detail of wakeexpansion
Microscale models•wind farm scale•analytical or semi-analytical•CFD
Mesoscale model•cluster scale•WRF community model•idealized or realistic modes
By means of look-up table
8/11/2019 Badger El Al ICOWES2013
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DTU Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark
A new mesoscale wind farm wake parameterization
Advert: June 19 9:15-9:35
Patrick Volker Technical University of Denmark “Wind farm parameterizations in mesoscale models”
Explicit Wake Parameterization EWP
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Typical domain for microscale wake modelling
8/11/2019 Badger El Al ICOWES2013
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DTU Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark
How to include turbine wake in mesoscale models?
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Will consider turbine as drag devices.
Where does thrust calculation come from?
How will velocity deficit be• distributed vertically?• distributed horizontally?
model sub-grid scalewakeexpansion
No sub-gridscale wakeexpansion
Sub-grid scale detail
8/11/2019 Badger El Al ICOWES2013
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DTU Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark
How to include turbine wake in mesoscale models?
Sub-grid scale detail
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Vertical distribution of velocity deficitis resolvable
Horizontal distribution of velocitydeficit is not resolvable
m o d e l l e
v e l s
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DTU Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark
Microscale wake model output -> mesoscale modelling
• WRF-EWP
– EWP Wake parameterization as in Volker et al (2013)
– Turbines’ thrust from turbine thrust curve
– Vertical wake extent evolves according to diffusive process model
• WRF-CRES-EWP
– Turbines’ thrust from CRESflow-NS
– Vertical wake extent evolves according to diffusive process model
• WRF-CRES-ROTOR
– Turbines’ thrust from CRESflow-NS– Vertical wake extent according to rotor swept area (as in Fitch et al, 2012)
• WRF-CRES-ROTOR-FA
– Turbines’ thrust from CRESflow-NS
– Vertical wake extent according to rotor swept area (as in Fitch et al, 2012)
– Single wind farm thrust applied in single “effective wind farm plane”
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DTU Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark
Results
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Rapid and deepdeficit.Recovery similar
Reduced expansionanddeeper deficit.Recovery similar
WRF-CRES
WRF-CRES-ROTOR
WRF-CRES-ROTOR-FA
350 m
180 km
65 km
180 km
Wind speed map [m]
Normalized speed section [-]
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DTU Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark16
Results and validation, Horns Rev I data
WRF-CRES-ROTOR-FA
WRF-CRES-ROTORWRF-EWP
WRF-CRES-EWP
8/11/2019 Badger El Al ICOWES2013
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DTU Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark
Verification against remote sensing measurements
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Synthetic Aperture Radar scene derived wind speed map (“instantaneous”)
SAR scene provided by Alexis Mouche, CLS,DTOC partner
W i n d s p e e d a
t 1 0 m
N o r m a l i z e d w i n
d a t 1 0 m
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DTU Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark
Other approaches within EERA-DTOC
CIEMAT, Spain
WRF using an already implemented
wind farm wake implementation(Fitch et al, 2012) in realisticdynamical simulations
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Jimenez et al. Wind Energy (under review)
CENER, Spain
SKIRON using higher aerodynamicalroughness length to represent wind farmin realistic dynamical simulations
Iván Moya Mallafré et al
8/11/2019 Badger El Al ICOWES2013
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DTU Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark
Conclusions
• Demonstrated application of microscale model output in mesoscalemodelling of wind farm wakes; so far with CRESflow-NS.
– The method can use output from other microscale models.
• Future work will include analysis of SAR scenes used to quantify wakedeficit over a number of offshore wind farms.
• In addition the paper sets out some strategies for including microscalewake model results in mesoscale models.
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DTU Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark
Acknowledgements
EERA DTOC FP7-ENERGY-2011-1/ Number 282797
and
WAUDIT programme (financed by Marie Curie ESR-FP7)
DONG Energy for providing the data for Horns Rev Iand
Kurt Hansen, DTU Wind Energy, for analysis of wind farm data
Thanks for your attention
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