Backyard Invasions: Noxious Weeds in Seattle's Greenspaces Sasha Shaw King County Noxious Weed Program [email protected]

Backyard Invasions: Noxious Backyard Invasions: Noxious Weeds in Seattle's Greenspaces Weeds in Seattle's Greenspaces

Sasha ShawSasha ShawKing County Noxious Weed ProgramKing County Noxious Weed Program

[email protected]@metrokc.gov

AgendaAgenda

DefinitionsDefinitions Impacts of Invasives in Urban AreasImpacts of Invasives in Urban Areas Invasive Vines, Trees, Shrubs and Other Invasive Vines, Trees, Shrubs and Other

PlantsPlants What Can We Do?What Can We Do? ResourcesResources

What is a Weed?What is a Weed?

a plant out of placea plant out of place

takes water, nutrients or takes water, nutrients or habitat from desired habitat from desired plants (subjective)plants (subjective)

threatens an area’s threatens an area’s values or benefitsvalues or benefits

Are All Weeds Bad All the Time?Are All Weeds Bad All the Time?

Lots of weedy plants Lots of weedy plants are used by birds, are used by birds, insects and peopleinsects and people

One person’s weed One person’s weed can be another can be another person’s pride and joyperson’s pride and joy

Native plants used to Native plants used to be called weedsbe called weeds and still are for some!and still are for some!

American goldfinch lunches on bull thistle seeds

What are Native Plants?What are Native Plants?

Adapted to local Adapted to local climate and soils; climate and soils; foundation for local foundation for local ecosystemecosystem

Co-evolved with Co-evolved with native animalsnative animals

Provide food, Provide food, shelter, nesting shelter, nesting materials for wildlifematerials for wildlife

Gumweed (Grindelia integrifolia) on Puget Sound beach, native to Pacific coast from BC to California

What is an Invasive Weed? What is an Invasive Weed?

Non-native, Non-native, aggressively aggressively spreading spreading DestructiveDestructive Competitive Competitive Difficult to Difficult to

controlcontrol

Invasive knotweed spreading into an open forest

Good PlantGood Plant Bad WeedBad Weed

Bleeding Heart (Dicentra formosa) Herb Robert (Geranium robertianum)

Some invasive weeds resemble native plantsSome invasive weeds resemble native plants Invasive weeds exploit conditions similar to their home Invasive weeds exploit conditions similar to their home

range and don’t have natural enemies keeping them in range and don’t have natural enemies keeping them in checkcheck

What is a Noxious Weed?What is a Noxious Weed?

Non-native plant that impacts Non-native plant that impacts agriculture, wildlife, human agriculture, wildlife, human health, land values or natural health, land values or natural resourcesresources

Defined and regulated by Defined and regulated by state law (RCW 17.10)state law (RCW 17.10) control required only where weed is control required only where weed is

not widespreadnot widespread goal of law is to prevent spread of goal of law is to prevent spread of

new invaders to un-infested areasnew invaders to un-infested areas

What are the Weed Classes?What are the Weed Classes?

Class A WeedsClass A Weeds – new invaders, control – new invaders, control required statewide, still a chance to eradicaterequired statewide, still a chance to eradicate

Class B and C DesignatesClass B and C Designates – control required in – control required in King County, still have a chance to stop them King County, still have a chance to stop them from getting establishedfrom getting established

Non-Designates and Weeds of ConcernNon-Designates and Weeds of Concern – – widespread invasive weeds in King County, widespread invasive weeds in King County, control not required but definitely a good idea control not required but definitely a good idea whenever possible!whenever possible!

How do weeds get here?How do weeds get here?

Orange Hawkweed: Orange Hawkweed: from garden store to from garden store to mountain meadowmountain meadow

Noxious Weeds Noxious Weeds Run Amok:Run Amok:

Impacts of Invasive WeedsImpacts of Invasive Weeds

EnvironmentalEnvironmentalImpactsImpacts

Invasives like English Ivy transform forests and natural areas, hurting trees, native plants and native wildlife species

Purple and garden loosestrife in Portage Bay choke out native plants and destroy wildlife habitat.

Diverse wetland habitat in the Nisqually delta provides food and shelter for many different kinds of birds and animals.

Impacts to WaterwaysImpacts to Waterways

Restoration crew removes reed canary grass that had filled in a stream channel, increasing flooding and reducing fish habitat

Impacts to RecreationImpacts to Recreation

Fragrant water lily and Eurasian watermilfoil in Lake Sammamish

Impacts to Public HealthImpacts to Public Health

Giant Hogweed - Sap sensitizes skin to UV radiation, resulting in severe burns, blisters, painful dermatitis and scarring.

Impacts of Invasives in SeattleImpacts of Invasives in Seattle

Dan DeLong/Seattle Post-Intelligencer

Seattle Urban Nature ProjectSeattle Urban Nature Project

City-wide Surveys 1999-2000 and 2005City-wide Surveys 1999-2000 and 2005 8,000 acres of public lands in Seattle8,000 acres of public lands in Seattle Classified habitat types throughout the cityClassified habitat types throughout the city Recorded species names and percent Recorded species names and percent

covercover Study of all forest types in SeattleStudy of all forest types in Seattle Mapped density of invasivesMapped density of invasives

Ella Elman & Nelson Salisbury, EcologistsElla Elman & Nelson Salisbury, Ecologists(206) 522-0334(206) 522-0334www.seattleurbannature.orgwww.seattleurbannature.org

Invasive Plant Species CitywideInvasive Plant Species Citywide

11%

25%

17%

18%

20%

9%

In 47% of Seattle’s forests, the majority of the plant cover consists of invasive species

Most Prevalent Invasive SpeciesMost Prevalent Invasive Species

Five most invasive species in Seattle based on 1999-2000 survey

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

Himlalayanblackberry

(Rubusdiscolor)

English ivy(Hedera helix)

Scotch broom(Cytisus

scoparius)

English holly(Ilex

aquifolium)

Old man'sbeard

(Clematisvitalba)

Species

Acr

es

Invasive Trees:Invasive Trees:An Overlooked ThreatAn Overlooked Threat

Seattle has 2500 acres of forested parklandSeattle has 2500 acres of forested parkland 60-70% of tree regeneration in Seattle’s forests 60-70% of tree regeneration in Seattle’s forests

is non-nativeis non-native Shade tolerant species are the biggest threat: Shade tolerant species are the biggest threat:

English holly and cherry laurel are the worstEnglish holly and cherry laurel are the worst European species of mountain-ash, hawthorne, and European species of mountain-ash, hawthorne, and

cherry are found throughout Seattle’s forests cherry are found throughout Seattle’s forests

If nothing is done, 30 to 40 years from now our If nothing is done, 30 to 40 years from now our forests will look dramatically different than they forests will look dramatically different than they do todaydo today

Tree RegenerationTree Regeneration

Conifer/deciduous ForestsConifer/madrone Forests

Case Study: Case Study: Deadhorse Deadhorse

Canyon InventoryCanyon Inventory

Distribution of Distribution of English holly and English holly and cherry laurelcherry laurel Red and orange Red and orange

high densityhigh density Yellow moderateYellow moderate Green lowGreen low

Invasive Trees: EvergreenInvasive Trees: Evergreen

English hollyCherry laurel

Portugal laurel

English HollyEnglish Holly((Ilex aquifoliumIlex aquifolium))

Tree 15 to 50 feet tall and Tree 15 to 50 feet tall and 15 feet wide15 feet wide

Bark smooth and grayBark smooth and gray

Leaves glossy, persistent, Leaves glossy, persistent, dark green, wavy and dark green, wavy and spinyspiny

Flowers are small and Flowers are small and whitewhite

Berries are bright red or Berries are bright red or orange and found in small orange and found in small bundles like the flowersbundles like the flowers

English HollyEnglish Holly((Ilex aquifoliumIlex aquifolium))

can form thickets of can form thickets of large, densely packed large, densely packed trees in shady forests trees in shady forests or open areasor open areas

spreads by seeds spreads by seeds eaten by birds; can eaten by birds; can establish in remote establish in remote areasareas

re-sprouts indefinitely re-sprouts indefinitely from cut stumps so from cut stumps so digging is best non-digging is best non-chemical methodchemical method

Holly Look Alike:Holly Look Alike:Tall Oregon GrapeTall Oregon Grape

http://bellquel.bo.cnr.it/scuole/serpieri/erbario

www.PlantSystematics.org

English Laurel or Cherry Laurel English Laurel or Cherry Laurel ((Prunus laurocerasusPrunus laurocerasus) )

Evergreen tree or shrub Evergreen tree or shrub to 20 feet highto 20 feet high

Leaves leathery, glossy, Leaves leathery, glossy, 3 to 7 inches, slightly 3 to 7 inches, slightly toothedtoothed

Flowers white, fragrant, in Flowers white, fragrant, in elongated clusterselongated clusters

Native to Eastern Europe, Native to Eastern Europe, Asia MinorAsia Minor

Common landscaping Common landscaping hedgehedge

English Laurel (English Laurel (Prunus laurocerasusPrunus laurocerasus) )

Fast-growingFast-growing 25 inches or more per 25 inches or more per

yearyear Fruit fleshy, black with Fruit fleshy, black with

a large pit (stone)a large pit (stone) Widely escaped in local Widely escaped in local

natural areas and natural areas and woodlandswoodlands

Highly toxic if ingestedHighly toxic if ingested poisonous parts: wilted poisonous parts: wilted

leaves, twigs (stems), leaves, twigs (stems), seedsseeds

Invasive Trees: DeciduousInvasive Trees: Deciduous

European Mountain-ash

English Hawthorne

Sweet Cherry

Norway Maple

English Hawthorne (English Hawthorne (Crataegus monogynaCrataegus monogyna))

European Mountain-ash (European Mountain-ash (Sorbus aucupariaSorbus aucuparia))

European Sweet Cherry (European Sweet Cherry (PrunusPrunus aviumavium))

A small to medium A small to medium sized tree, generally to sized tree, generally to 50 feet, with a broadly 50 feet, with a broadly rounded crown rounded crown

Leaf 2 to 5 inches long Leaf 2 to 5 inches long with serrated marginwith serrated margin

Flowers showy, white, Flowers showy, white, one inch acrossone inch across

Cherries sweet, dark Cherries sweet, dark red to nearly black, 1/2 red to nearly black, 1/2 to 1 inch acrossto 1 inch across

Norway Maple (Norway Maple (Acer platanoidesAcer platanoides))

Common shade treeCommon shade tree Escaping into Seattle Escaping into Seattle

forestsforests Similar to native bigleaf Similar to native bigleaf

maple, but the leaf is maple, but the leaf is not as large or deeply not as large or deeply cutcut

Seeds spread their Seeds spread their wings wider and have wings wider and have no bristly hairsno bristly hairs

www.hort.cornell.edu

Invasive vinesInvasive vines Form dense groundcovers excluding Form dense groundcovers excluding

all native plantsall native plants Climb up and smother treesClimb up and smother trees Add weight to tree canopiesAdd weight to tree canopies

Form dense groundcovers excluding Form dense groundcovers excluding all native plantsall native plants

Climb up and smother treesClimb up and smother trees Add weight to tree canopiesAdd weight to tree canopies

English ivy Old man’s beard

English or Atlantic IvyEnglish or Atlantic Ivy((Hedera hibernica, H. helixHedera hibernica, H. helix))

Ivy leaves are evergreen, lobed, dull green, with light Ivy leaves are evergreen, lobed, dull green, with light veinsveins

Class C Noxious Weed – Control Not Required

English or Atlantic IvyEnglish or Atlantic Ivy((Hedera hibernica, H. helixHedera hibernica, H. helix))

• mature ivy mature ivy leaves are shiny leaves are shiny green and not green and not lobedlobed

• umbrella-like umbrella-like clusters of clusters of greenish-white greenish-white flowers in the fallflowers in the fall

• black, berry-like black, berry-like fruit in winter, fruit in winter, seeds mature in seeds mature in springspring

Class C Noxious Weed – Control Not

Required

Ivy mats smother understory plantsIvy mats smother understory plantsand tree seedlings - changing theand tree seedlings - changing thenatural succession patterns of forests.natural succession patterns of forests.

Ivy climbs trees, Ivy climbs trees, weighs down weighs down branches, shades branches, shades leaves, damages barkleaves, damages bark

English IvyEnglish Ivy


Old Man’s BeardOld Man’s Beard((Clematis vitalbaClematis vitalba))


Old Man’s Beard or Wild ClematisOld Man’s Beard or Wild Clematis

Old Man’s Beard covering trees at Magnuson Park

Old Man’s Beard on trees in Ravenna Park


Invasive ShrubsInvasive Shrubs

Form dense thickets excluding all Form dense thickets excluding all native plantsnative plants

Establish in disturbed sitesEstablish in disturbed sites Spread by birds, wind and peopleSpread by birds, wind and people

Form dense thickets excluding all Form dense thickets excluding all native plantsnative plants

Establish in disturbed sitesEstablish in disturbed sites Spread by birds, wind and peopleSpread by birds, wind and people

Scotch broom Himalayan blackberry

Himalayan BlackberryHimalayan Blackberry((Rubus armeniacus Rubus armeniacus oror Rubus discolor Rubus discolor) )

Evergreen BlackberryEvergreen Blackberry((Rubus laciniatusRubus laciniatus))

http://www.biopix.dk

http://www.nic.funet.fi

Himalayan BlackberryHimalayan Blackberry((Rubus discolorRubus discolor))

Good Guy Look Alike:Good Guy Look Alike:Native Trailing BlackberryNative Trailing Blackberry

((Rubus ursinusRubus ursinus))

Scotch Broom (Scotch Broom (Cytisus scopariusCytisus scoparius))


Scotch broom removal with weed wrenches

Controlling Scotch broom with weed wrenches at Marymoor Park


Cotoneaster ShrubsCotoneaster Shrubs

Thornless shrub up to 15" Thornless shrub up to 15" tall with arching branchestall with arching branches

Small leaves white-hairy Small leaves white-hairy underneathunderneath

Little white flowers and Little white flowers and dull red fruitsdull red fruits

Colorful fruits attractive to Colorful fruits attractive to birds leading to easy birds leading to easy spread and invasivenessspread and invasiveness

Increasingly common in Increasingly common in Seattle’s forestsSeattle’s forests

Invasive Perennials and Invasive Perennials and GroundcoversGroundcovers

Fast-growing invasives push out native Fast-growing invasives push out native wildflowers and groundcover specieswildflowers and groundcover species

Tall perennials out-compete even shrubs and Tall perennials out-compete even shrubs and small trees especially on streamssmall trees especially on streams

Often escapees from gardens or spreading from Often escapees from gardens or spreading from yard waste dumpsyard waste dumps

Giant Hogweed Giant Hogweed ((Heracleum mantegazzianumHeracleum mantegazzianum))

Class A Noxious Weed

Giant Hogweed Giant Hogweed ((Heracleum mantegazzianumHeracleum mantegazzianum))

Hogweed scars remain sensitive to sunlight for several years

Hogweed burns are often painful and slow to recover

Cutting the large, fleshy stems may spray sap on exposed skin


Hogweed leaves are large and deeply dissected, stems are hairy with purple blotches

Giant Hogweed Giant Hogweed ((Heracleum Heracleum

mantegazzianummantegazzianum))


Garlic Mustard (Garlic Mustard (Alliaria petiolataAlliaria petiolata))Class A Noxious Weed

Garlic Mustard (Garlic Mustard (Alliaria petiolataAlliaria petiolata))

Dense infestation along Dense infestation along Longfellow CreekLongfellow Creek

Growing on a stump in the Growing on a stump in the forests of Golden Gardens Parkforests of Golden Gardens Park



Garlic Mustard (Alliaria petiolata)

Policeman’s Helmet (Policeman’s Helmet (Impatiens glanduliferaImpatiens glandulifera))

Annual with fleshy, reddish stems, 3-10 ft tall, flowers resemble English policeman’s helmet, vary in color from white to dark pink-purple

Class B Noxious Weed

Policeman’s Helmet (Policeman’s Helmet (Impatiens glanduliferaImpatiens glandulifera))

Can grow to 10 feet tall in one seasonCan grow to 10 feet tall in one season


Policeman’s helmet spreads along creeks Policeman’s helmet spreads along creeks and out-competes and crowds out other and out-competes and crowds out other plantsplants

Policeman’s Helmet (Impatiens glandulifera) Class B Noxious

Weed

Policeman’s Helmet (Impatiens glandulifera)Policeman’s Helmet (Impatiens glandulifera)Class B Noxious

Weed

Knotweeds (Polygonum spp.)Knotweeds (Polygonum spp.)

Class B Noxious Weed – Control Not Required

Typical stand of Bohemian knotweed with stiffly upright male flower clusters


Knotweed rapidly spreads along rivers as Knotweed rapidly spreads along rivers as fragments get moved by floods and grow into new fragments get moved by floods and grow into new clones downriverclones downriver

Knotweed Invasion on RiversKnotweed Invasion on Rivers


Despite knotweed’s large rhizome mass, it provides poor erosion control

Herb Robert (a.k.a. Stinky Bob)Herb Robert (a.k.a. Stinky Bob)


Herb Robert (a.k.a. Stinky Bob)Herb Robert (a.k.a. Stinky Bob)((Geranium robertianumGeranium robertianum))

Shallow roots make this plant easy to pull but seeds germinate all season so repeat visits to the same location are needed.

Class C Noxious Weed – Control Not

Required

Yellow ArchangelYellow ArchangelLamiastrum galeobdolon Lamiastrum galeobdolon (a.k.a.(a.k.a. Lamium Lamium))

Small yellow mint-type Small yellow mint-type flowers in leaf axilsflowers in leaf axils Slivery markings on leaves of this popular garden Slivery markings on leaves of this popular garden

plant make it easy to spot invading into shady forestsplant make it easy to spot invading into shady forests

Proposed Class C Noxious Weed – Control Not Required

Yellow Archangel (Yellow Archangel (Lamiastrum galeobdolon)Lamiastrum galeobdolon)

Yellow archangel spread aggressively into this Kirkland-area forestYellow archangel spread aggressively into this Kirkland-area forest

Proposed Class C Noxious Weed – Control Not Required

Poison Hemlock (Poison Hemlock (Conium maculatumConium maculatum))


Poison Hemlock (Poison Hemlock (Conium maculatumConium maculatum))Class C Noxious Weed – Control Not Required

Aquatic WeedsAquatic Weeds

Choke out native water plantsChoke out native water plants Reduce fish and wildlife habitat value of Reduce fish and wildlife habitat value of

streams and lakesstreams and lakes Endanger swimmers and boatersEndanger swimmers and boaters Highly costly to manage once established Highly costly to manage once established

and almost impossible to eradicateand almost impossible to eradicate

Eurasian WatermilfoilEurasian Watermilfoil ((Myriophyllum spicatumMyriophyllum spicatum))

Class C Noxious Weed –

Control Not Required

Eurasian WatermilfoilEurasian Watermilfoil ((Myriophyllum spicatumMyriophyllum spicatum))

Class C Noxious Weed –

Control Not Required

Fragrant WaterlilyFragrant Waterlily ((Nymphaea odorataNymphaea odorata))

Infestation on Cottage LakeInfestation on Cottage LakeShowy flower and notched leavesShowy flower and notched leaves


Purple Loosestrife (Purple Loosestrife (Lythrum salicariaLythrum salicaria))


Purple Loosestrife Purple Loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria)(Lythrum salicaria)


Garden LoosestrifeGarden Loosestrife((Lysimachia vulgarisLysimachia vulgaris))

Yellow, primrose-like flowers Yellow, primrose-like flowers clustered near top of the plantclustered near top of the plant

Sepals have distinct Sepals have distinct orange marginsorange margins


Garden LoosestrifeGarden Loosestrife((Lysimachia vulgarisLysimachia vulgaris) )


Common Reed (Common Reed (Phragmites australisPhragmites australis))

•Large perennial grassLarge perennial grass

•Freshwater or brackish waterFreshwater or brackish water•Can grow to 12 feet tallCan grow to 12 feet tall•Leaf sheath looseLeaf sheath loose•Reproduction mostly by rhizomesReproduction mostly by rhizomes

Tall feathery flower Tall feathery flower headhead

Class C Noxious Weed – County-select

Common Reed (Common Reed (Phragmites australisPhragmites australis))

Creeping rhizomes and stolons help Creeping rhizomes and stolons help this plant spread along waterways and this plant spread along waterways and form large clonesform large clones

Class C Noxious Weed – County-select

Eek! What Can We Do?Eek! What Can We Do?

First, Start at HomeFirst, Start at Home

Learn to recognize & eliminate noxious Learn to recognize & eliminate noxious weeds before they establishweeds before they establish

Choose non-invasive species for Choose non-invasive species for landscapes & gardenslandscapes & gardens

Control seed production Control seed production at a minimumat a minimum Replant with appropriate speciesReplant with appropriate species Dispose of noxious weeds properlyDispose of noxious weeds properly Check vehicles, clothing and equipmentCheck vehicles, clothing and equipment

Control Methods for Noxious Control Methods for Noxious Weeds ManagementWeeds Management

ManualManual

MechanicalMechanical

ChemicalChemical

BiologicalBiological

Control Chart by Minnesota Sea-Grant

•Pull seedlings and young plants when small, Pull seedlings and young plants when small, before root systems fully developbefore root systems fully develop

•Remove as much of the root as possibleRemove as much of the root as possible

•Limit disturbance and be sure to follow-upLimit disturbance and be sure to follow-up

Pulling and bagging tansy ragwort

Digging purple loosestrife

Manual control of Scotch broom

Manual ControlManual Control

•Useful to reduce size, seed production and to starve Useful to reduce size, seed production and to starve roots, especially when plants cover large areasroots, especially when plants cover large areas

•Weeds will resprout after mowing and can be spread Weeds will resprout after mowing and can be spread on equipment if not carefulon equipment if not careful

•Best results when combined with manual controlBest results when combined with manual control

Himalayan Blackberry can be mowed to remove brambles

Mechanical ControlMechanical Control

Safety:Safety:•Use with caution, protect skin and eyesUse with caution, protect skin and eyes

•Always follow the directions on the labelAlways follow the directions on the label

•Prevent drift into water, other plants, etcPrevent drift into water, other plants, etc

Applications:Applications:•Spot treatments, target the weed and Spot treatments, target the weed and avoid injury to desirable plantsavoid injury to desirable plants

•Incorporate other treatment methodsIncorporate other treatment methods

•Choose the least harmful herbicide that is Choose the least harmful herbicide that is appropriate for the weed and the siteappropriate for the weed and the site

Chemical ControlChemical Control

MulchingMulchingSuppresses weeds & improves soilSuppresses weeds & improves soil

TechniquesTechniquesBark, compost, newspaper, cardboardBark, compost, newspaper, cardboardGeotextile fabricGeotextile fabricPlasticPlastic

Sheet MulchingSheet Mulching

Finally, Disposal and Follow upFinally, Disposal and Follow up

DisposalDisposal Remove flowers & seeds – bag Remove flowers & seeds – bag

and send to landfill or burnand send to landfill or burn Composting – use for common Composting – use for common

invasives, not for noxious weedsinvasives, not for noxious weeds On-site composting vs. clean On-site composting vs. clean

green yard wastegreen yard waste

MonitorMonitor The second and third year are The second and third year are

crucial for effective weed controlcrucial for effective weed control

Next Step,Next Step,Become a Weed WarriorBecome a Weed Warrior

Watch for new plant invadersWatch for new plant invaders Volunteer at invasive removal work parties Volunteer at invasive removal work parties

and stewardship eventsand stewardship events Organize your friends, co-workers, and Organize your friends, co-workers, and

neighbors to “adopt” a park or natural areaneighbors to “adopt” a park or natural area Spread the word on neighborhood bullies!Spread the word on neighborhood bullies!

Local Contacts for VolunteeringLocal Contacts for Volunteering King County Parks and Open SpaceKing County Parks and Open Space

Volunteer Coordinator: Tina Miller, 206-296-2990Volunteer Coordinator: Tina Miller, 206-296-2990 Calendar: Calendar: http://http://dnr.metrokc.gov/wlr/pi/calendar.htmdnr.metrokc.gov/wlr/pi/calendar.htm

Watershed Stewardship DirectoryWatershed Stewardship Directory groups and agencies helping to preserve and restore groups and agencies helping to preserve and restore

King County's watershedsKing County's watersheds http://http://dnr.metrokc.gov/wlr/wsdir/index.cfmdnr.metrokc.gov/wlr/wsdir/index.cfm

Seattle Urban Forests Seattle Urban Forests Contact: Peter Noonan, (206)233-5019Contact: Peter Noonan, (206)233-5019

Seattle ParksSeattle Parks http://http://www.seattle.gov/parks/volunteers/index.htmwww.seattle.gov/parks/volunteers/index.htm

Seattle CreeksSeattle Creeks Contact: Bob Spencer, (206) 684-4163Contact: Bob Spencer, (206) 684-4163

Sign up for newsletter at:Sign up for newsletter at:www.seattleurbannature.orgwww.seattleurbannature.org

It is a free, quarterly publication sent out by It is a free, quarterly publication sent out by e-mail only. Each issue features e-mail only. Each issue features information about SUN research in information about SUN research in Seattle’s forests and our current Seattle’s forests and our current community projects.community projects.

Seattle Urban Nature NewsletterSeattle Urban Nature NewsletterSeattle Urban Nature NewsletterSeattle Urban Nature Newsletter

King County Noxious Weed ProgramKing County Noxious Weed Program

6 year-round staff and 8 6 year-round staff and 8 seasonal weed seasonal weed specialistsspecialists

Goal is to prevent and Goal is to prevent and reduce the economic, reduce the economic, environmental and social environmental and social impacts of noxious weeds impacts of noxious weeds

Weed surveys, education Weed surveys, education and outreach, landowner and outreach, landowner contact, site specific contact, site specific control optionscontrol options

King County Noxious Weed King County Noxious Weed Program StaffProgram Staff

Program Manager: Program Manager: Steve BurkeSteve Burke Education Coordinator: Education Coordinator: Sasha ShawSasha Shaw Admin Specialist: Admin Specialist: Suzanne RoweSuzanne Rowe State Lands Coordinator: State Lands Coordinator: Sean MacDougallSean MacDougall County Lands Coordinator: County Lands Coordinator: Roy BrunskillRoy Brunskill Aquatic Weed Specialist:Aquatic Weed Specialist: Katie MessickKatie Messick Seasonal Weed Specialists:Seasonal Weed Specialists:

Amy Yahnke, Dennis Chambreau, Trish MacLaren, Amy Yahnke, Dennis Chambreau, Trish MacLaren, Sarah Baker, Monica Walker, Karen Peterson, Maria Sarah Baker, Monica Walker, Karen Peterson, Maria Winkler, Frances LuceroWinkler, Frances Lucero

Contact us at 206-296-0290 or Contact us at 206-296-0290 or [email protected]@metrokc.gov

King County Noxious Weed King County Noxious Weed Control Program WebsiteControl Program Website

http://dnr.metrokc.gov/weedsWeed Photo Page:

Search by Common Name or Latin Name

Click thumbnail picture of plant

Sasha ShawSasha Shaw King County Noxious Weed ProgramKing County Noxious Weed Program

201 South Jackson St, Suite 600201 South Jackson St, Suite 600Seattle, WA 98104Seattle, WA 98104

[email protected]@metrokc.gov

www.dnr.metrokc.gov/weeds www.dnr.metrokc.gov/weeds

Documents

Backyard Invasions: Noxious Weeds in Seattle's Greenspaces Sasha Shaw King County Noxious Weed Program [email protected]