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Challenges and Solutions for Wireless Backhaul
Bob CubbageManager, Metro [email protected]
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.Page 2
LTE Backhaul Challenges
Traffic Cost
RevenueVoice
Dominant
Regional andNationwide Coverage
Business Model
End-to-End ManagementService Applications
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.Page 3
Traffic Cost
RevenueVoice
Dominant
2G/3G to 4G
4G Challenges
• 4G OPEX soaring due to:- Increase in backhaul Traffic- Increase in number of eNBs,
femto Cells are required• To maintain profitability, cost
has to properly track revenueTargetCost
2 – 10 Mbps 20 – 100 Mbpsx 10
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.Page 4
BTS/eNB
Fiber
BTS/eNB
BSC/SGW
Wireless
CopperBTS/eNB
Wireless Backhaul Technology Options
BSC/SGW
BSC/SGW
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.Page 5
GPON
xDSL
Microwave
2G/3G/4G
DSLAM
Ethernet
2G/3G/4G
Enterprise
T1/E1
2G/3G
T1/E1 Copper1.5 ~ 20Mbps
Copper Bonding4Mbps ~ 40Mbps
Ethernet Fiber 100 ~ 1000Mbps
xPON Fiber 100 ~ 1000Mbps
Multi-Media Access• Copper• Microwave• Fiber
Flexible Solutions Solve 4G Backhaul Challenges
Multi-media access addresses reach & scalability issues
IP Microwave ~ 800Mbps
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.Page 6
PacketTransport
• Microwave- IP microwave with
adaptive modulation maximizes bandwidth
- Compact co-site design saves space and cost
• Ethernet over fiber- Cost-effective backhaul
• GPON over fiber- Extend fixed broadband
network• xDSL over copper
- Offload lower priority traffic at lower cost per bit
GPONGPON
xDSLxDSL
EthernetEthernetCell Site
MicrowaveMicrowave
Resident Enterprise
RNC
FiberFiber
CopperCopper
RadioRadio
Any Media Access Provides TCO Reduction
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.Page 7
QoS Guaranteed InternetISP
eNode B
xDSL/DOCSIS SR (Service Router)
Policy Service
RNC (Radio Network Controller)
Offload
Considerable Transport Savings via Low-priority Offload
Low QoS
Low-Priority Offload Reduces Transport Cost
• Most bandwidth intensive applications do not require strict SLAs
• Existing transport can be used to provide strict SLAs
• Offload provides cost-effective transport for low-priority services
Source: Allot GMBT Report 2009Q2
Small percentages of services require stringent SLAs
NxT1/E1
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.Page 8
last mile middle mile
RNC/AGW
last mile middle mile
RNC/AGW
last mile middle mile
RNC/AGW
Switch point
Switch point
S1 S1
LTE Network Architecture Considerations
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.Page 9
1 to 3 us
1 to 3 us3usNANA
Timing Accuracy
0.05ppmLTE - TDDWiMax - TDD
0.05ppmLTE – FDD with SFN/MBMS or D-ICIC
0.05ppmCDMA20000.05ppmWCDMA0.05ppmGSM
Frequency AccuracySystem
FDD: Frequency Division Duplex TDD: Time Division DuplexSFN: Single Frequency NetworkMBMS: Multicast Broadcast Multimedia ServiceD-ICIC: Dynamic Inter-Cell Interference Coordination
Synchronization Requirements
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.Page 10
GE/10GE RNC
PRS (Primary Reference Source)BTS T1
FENodeB
BTS T1
FENodeB
Time Stamp
Time Stamp
~
IEEE 1588v2 and Sync Ethernet provides network synchronization
1 127 253 379 505 631 757 883 1009 1135
+0.05+0.05
--0.050.05
ppmppm
High Quality Synchronization Transport
Freq offset within +/- 0.05 ppm
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.Page 11
• China Mobile• Test results for 32 nodes• Test results below G.823 MTIE
mask and meets sync spec
IEEE1588v2 MTIE Sync Test Results
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.Page 12
ETH-DM
Remote loopbackETH-LM
Fault locationRemote LoopbackETH-AIS, ETH-RDI
Fault verificationRemote failure indication ETH-LT
Fault notificationLink monitoringETH-LB
Fault detectionLink connectivity checkETH-CC
IEEE 802.1agIEEE 802.3ahITU-T Y.1731
IEEE 802.1ag/ITU Y.1731
Service Layer OAM – UNI to UNI Ethernet Layer
ITU Y.1731 Connectivity Layer OAM Line link layer
IEEE 802.3ah Access Link OAM Access Link OAM Customer-side link layer
Customer Equipment
UNI UNI
Edge Edge
GE GE
Customer Equipment
Transport Network
End-to-End Ethernet OAM Capability
SDH-like OAM Performance
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.Page 13
4G
3G
T1/E1
FE
4G 3G
T1/E1FE
GE
MSC (Mobile Switching Center)
T1/OC-N
• Multi-Media Access: xDSL, xPON, Copper, Microwave, Fiber• Support for 2G, 3G & 4G transmission
• High Quality Sync Distribution: IEEE 1588v2, Sync Ethernet
PRS
~
• E2E Service Management
• Multi-Point Microwave
• Linear, Ring, and Mesh Protection
2/3G
T1/E1
FE
4G
BSC
RNCGE/10GE
Wireless Backhaul Summary
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.Page 14 Page 14
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