Background Information and Acknowledgements · Web viewA comparison or evaluation of EPD data is only possible if all data sets to be compared are 1) created according to EN 15804

PCR for Building-Related Products and Services: Insulated Metal Panels, Metal Composite Panels, and Metal Cladding: Roof and Wall Panels

DRAFT

EPD Requirements

www.ul.com/businesses/environment

Part B: Insulated Metal Panels, Metal Composite Panels, and Metal Cladding: Roof and Wall Panels

Publisher:

UL Environment

Tracking of versions

Version

Comments

History

1.0

Version by UL Environment with input from a coalition was approved by the panel

October 9, 2012

2.0

Regular periodic update with inclusion of latest ISO 21930 standard, USGBC guidance, and Part A rules

XX, 2018

© UL Environment

Editor’s Note:

This PCR is based on revisions made to the Institute of Construction and Environment (Institut Bauen und Umwelt e.V., or IBU) standard Part B PCR structure.

The revisions are not modifications to the overall methodology or structure of the IBU PCR, but are intended to reflect practices, methods and requirements that are specific to North America.

This PCR is valid for a period of five (5) years, set to expire in xxxxxxxx, 2023.

Background Information and Acknowledgements

This PCR was developed to address the product group specific rules for the creation of Environmental Product Declarations (EPD) for Insulated Metal Panels, Metal Composite Panels, and Metal Cladding: Roof and Wall Panels.

Other PCRs considered in the original development of this PCR include:

· PCR Guidance-Texts for Building-Related Products and Services, From the range of Environmental Product Declarations of Institute of Construction and Environment e.V. (IBU), Part B: Requirements for the EPD for Structural Steels,v1.0, July 2012.

The scope of this PCR differs from the previously published UL Environment Part B for Insulated Metal Panels, Metal Composite Panels, and Metal Cladding: Roof and Wall Panels PCR in that it assumes a 75 year building service life to be consistent with ASTM E2921 (2013, Section 6.1.1), and ASHRAE 189.1 (2014, Section 9.5.1). It also differs from the previous PCR by aligning with the latest version of ISO 21930:2017 as well as USGBC’s PCR Guidance.

Interested Parties

This Part B has been prepared with input from the following stakeholders:

Trade associations

· Metal Construction Association

· Steel Recycling Institute

Manufacturers/Consultants

· Arconic Building Products

· ATAS International

· Centria

· Fabral

· Kingspan

· McElroy Metals

· Metal Sales

· Mitsubishi Alpolic

· Petersen Aluminum

Governance

Members of the metal panels and cladding industry sponsored the update of this PCR. A large percentage of the metal panels and cladding industry is represented in the effort to renew the PCR.

Involvement of Interested Parties

UL informed industry stakeholders of this PCR update through e-mail messages and public notice. Participation by the trade association American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) and Metal Construction Association (MCA) in the update of a PCR for metal panels and cladding products is an indication that industry stakeholders recognize the importance of this process.

Per the USGBC PCR Guidance, at least 50% of the industry as represented by regional market volume was included in the update to this PCR with a minimum of three companies.

UL Environment posted an open call for participation in this PCR update in July 2017 via its standards website, social media outlets, and outreach to original committee stakeholders and LCA practitioners. UL Environment also pursued direct outreach with manufacturers in the markets represented in this PCR.

The PCR committee members drafted an update of the PCR through collaborative virtual meetings. The PCR was posted for public comment for 30 days starting xxxxxxxxxx XX, 2018.

Note: Notification of a call for participation shall be published by either a third party or a trade association in at least one industry trade publication or trade association press release informing industry of EPD intent. At a minimum, 50% of the industry as represented by regional market volume shall be included, with a minimum of at least three (3) different companies represented. The call for participation shall also be made public and communicated by the program operator.

Update Process

The PCR shall be revised five (5) years from the publication date. The PCR shall be revised before the five year date if the following occurs in the industry:

The industry desires an update

Core governing standards ISO 14040, 14044, or 14025 are updated with substantial material changes

Note: When the PCR is updated, the Program Operator shall communicate with the original committee, any new EPD participants, and initiate a new public call for interested parties.

Review

This Part B was reviewed by the following:

[Reviewer 1

Contact information]

[Reviewer 2


[Reviewer 3


Scope

This document contains the Product Category Rule (PCR) requirements for Insulated Metal Panels, Metal Composite Panels, and Metal Cladding: Roof and Wall Panels Environmental Product Declarations (EPDs) published in coordination with the EN 15804 and ISO 21930 standards. The requirements for the background Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) project report used to inform the EPD are contained in UL Environment’s Part A: Life Cycle Assessment Calculation Rules and Report Requirements. This Part B document, coupled with the Part A, conforms to the EN 15804, ISO 21930, ISO 14025, and the US Green Building Council PCR Guidance sustainability standards for EPD reporting.

General Guidance

The scope of this PCR applies to the product group “Insulated Metal Panels, Metal Composite Panels, and Metal Cladding: Roof and Wall Panels” and includes all residential and commercially available metal roof and wall panel products according to the standards or technical approvals shown under Section 8.

Metal roof and wall panels refer to a broad category of panels composed of metal which function as structural elements and/or a barrier between the building and the environment. The panels may or may not also include thermal insulation. Specifically included in the scope are:

Construction of unpainted or painted galvanized or zinc-aluminum alloy coated steel, including coil and sheets. Other metals such as copper, aluminum, etc. are also covered by this PCR.

Factory-made metal roof and wall cladding capable of functioning as structural elements to resist transverse and in-plane loads and act as a water and air barrier, made from the above described coils and sheets.

Factory-made insulated metal sandwich panels (IMP) capable of functioning as structural elements to resist transverse and in-plane loads, provide thermal insulation and act as a water and air barrier, with a rigid metal skin on both sides, made of the above described coil and sheets.

Factory-made Metal Composite Materials (MCM) capable of resisting transverse loading sufficient to act as a building cladding as part of either a sealed wall or rain screen system, made of rigid metal skins with a solid thermoplastic core to provide flatness but not thermal insulation. Aluminum Composite Material (ACM) is also covered by this PCR.

Applicable Products

The following UNSPSC codes cover the scope of this Part B:

· Section: 4 - Metal products, machinery and equipment

· Division: 42 - Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

· Group: 429 - Other fabricated metal products

· Class: 4299 - Other metal goods

The following CSI codes cover the scope of this Part B:

· 074113.13 Formed Metal Roof Panels

· 074113.16 Standing-seam Metal Roof Panels

· 074113.19 Batten-seam Metal Roof Panels

· 074213.13 Formed Metal Wall Panels

· 074213.16 Metal Plate Wall Panels

· 074213.19 Insulated Metal Wall

· 074213.23 Metal Composite Material Wall Panels

· 074213.53 Metal Soffit Panels

Not all products that are considered under the aforementioned UNSPC code are applicable to this PCR. Section 3.1 shall be applied in order to be considered under this PCR.

Non-Applicable Products

Product types, components, or systems are not included in the scope of this PCR if they do not preform the function described in this PCR, but they may be reported separately under additional reported information in Section 4.

Geography

This PCR applies to products sold and used in the following markets:

· Europe

· North America

System Boundary

This PCR follows the approach established by EN15804 and ISO 21930 for categorizing the various life cycle stages. These standards are designed to harmonize EPDs for products and services in the building and construction sector. The metal panel life cycle is broken into the various “information modules” shown in Figure 1. Cradle-to-gate, cradle-to-gate with options, and cradle-to-grave boundaries may be used in EPDs based on this PCR.

Figure 1 – Metal panel life cycle system boundaries

The EPD requirements include:

· Requirements of the EN 15804 standard as a European core EPD for the purpose of consistency between declarations in Europe and the United States.

· Requirements of the ISO 21930 standard for the purpose of consistency across geographies and EPD programs.

· The calculation rules for the Life Cycle Assessment and Requirements on the Project Report are specified in “Part A: Calculation Rules for the Life Cycle Assessment and Requirements on the Project Report,” available at http://www.shopulstandards.com

Industry Wide EPD Requirements

Involvement of Interested Parties

Manufacturers may work together to develop and industry-wide EPD using this PCR. A call for participation in an industry-wide EPD shall be posted to the website of the trade association, published in a relevant trade publication (e.g. newsletter), and an email sent to members of all relevant industry associations. At least 50% of the industry as represented by annual production volume shall be included in an industry-wide EPD, with a minimum of at least three (3) different manufacturing locations from no less than three (3) companies represented. If less than 50% of the industry by production volume is represented, then the method of determining representativeness shall be justified and described and the percentage of annual production volume covered shall be reported.

Industry Wide EPD Participation

Manufacturers seeking to benchmark their individual type III EPDs against an industry average EPD shall have participated in the industry wide EPD process as an interested party or retroactively via the following method.

A manufacturer may apply for retroactive participation by providing relevant qualitative and quantitative product information to the Program Operator, as detailed below. The Program Operator will assess representativeness and will inform and provide the original industry wide EPD committee with this application and the two parties will confer to reach consensus. Retroactive EPD participation shall be a transparent and collaborative process between the Program Operator and industry association and participation decisions shall be published as updates in the industry average EPD.

A retroactive participant should demonstrate the following product data is representative of the data used in the industry wide EPD: 1) fuel source; 2) control equipment (air pollution control, waste water control, or similar type equipment) is the same; 3) raw materials; 4) process equipment size; and 5) manufacturing process(es).

The quantitative metrics provided to achieve retroactive participation shall include, at a minimum, the product’s life cycle energy and bill of materials with corresponding masses, normalized by the reference unit. Manufacturers demonstrating less energy consumption than the current average will be allowed to participate, but manufacturers with life cycle energy consumption greater than two (2) standard deviations of the average shall not claim representation by the existing industry wide average.

When determining a manufacturer’s participation eligibility, the EPD Program Operator shall follow the recommendations of the manufacturer and/or its consultants unless the Program Operator has data or information to the contrary, in which case the Program Operator and manufacturer shall confer in an effort to reach consensus.

All manufacturers who submit an application for retroactive participation shall participate in the update process when the existing industry wide EPD expires.

Governance

The program operator which publishes the industry-wide EPD shall be responsible for holding a list of industry participants and admitting retroactive participants. The original industry participants and the Program Operator shall transparently collaborate to determine whether to admit retroactive participants in the industry-wide EPD, but the ultimate decision remains with the Program Operator. To prevent disclosure of proprietary or confidential information, the program operator, its independent contractor, a trade association, or an independent contractor to the industry wide EPD participants shall be responsible for collecting inventory data from individual companies and aggregating data such that individual company data is not exposed to external parties. Non-disclosure agreements may be executed between parties if desired.

For inventory data collected from a retroactive participant, the program operator or trade association shall hold the data until such time the industry-wide EPD is updated. The program operator or trade association will then provide the data to the party responsible for collecting and re-aggregating the industry-wide data for the updated EPD.

Data Responsibility/Ownership

The collection of companies which commissions an industry-wide EPD shall designate an external party to collect and aggregate inventory data – also called the “data owner”. While each company retains ownership of their own data, participation in the industry-wide EPD grants the data owner to collect and aggregate data from all participants without exposing information from an individual company to another party.

Once the industry-wide EPD is published by the program operator, the program operator becomes the de facto data owner unless the industry participants otherwise specify an external party to continue in that role.

Industry Wide EPD Updates

An industry-wide EPD has a period of validity of five years from initial publication, at which time the life cycle inventory, aggregation, and impact assessment shall be refreshed to update the EPD. Industry participants may collectively commission an update to the EPD earlier if desired. A retroactive participant may unilaterally commission an early update to include their data. A retroactive participant which represents 30% or more of the industry production represented in the original industry-wide EPD shall commission an early update to the industry-wide EPD if they wish to be included in the EPD and the remaining period of validity of the EPD is greater than 12 months.

A participant in an industry-wide EPD commits to having their data be a part of the EPD for five years. Participants may choose to remove their data from an updated EPD that extends beyond the original five year period of validity.

EPD content, format, and use requirements

Umwelt Produktdeklaration Name des Herstellers – Name des Produkts

ENVIRONMENTAL PRODUCT DECLARATION

as per ISO 14025 and EN 15804

Owner of the Declaration

Program holder

UL Environment (ULE)

Publisher

UL Environment (ULE)

Declaration number

Issue date

Valid to

Name of declared product

Name of manufacturer/association

www.ul.com/businesses/environment

The chapters of the EPDs shall be described in a compact form, as well as factually and technically correct. Judgmental, comparative, or promotional texts are not permitted unless specifically requested in the PCR or if necessary in the context of the EPD. Each document is carefully checked before publication.

Content of EPD. An EPD created using this PCR shall contain the required content specified in UL Environment’s “Part A: Calculation Rules for the Life Cycle Assessment and Requirements on the Project Report” in addition to the required content identified in this Part B document, which serves as a reporting template.

EPD Representation. An EPD may contain multiple data sets representative of a collection of products, as long as each product is uniquely identified either explicitly in the EPD, by product category or by reference to a document that lists included models. For example, the base model of a carpet available in a variety of colors may be listed by: each individual model number, a model classification that includes all colors, a range of model numbers, or a reference to a catalog of model numbers that include all color variations.

Verification. An EPD created using this PCR shall be independently verified by a Program Operator acting in conformance with ISO 14025. The project report shall also be available for independent verification by a Program Operator as required in “Part A: Calculation Rules for the Life Cycle Assessment and Requirements on the Project Report,” Section 3.

Validity. An EPD created using this PCR is valid for a five (5) year period from the date of issue.

Comparability. EPDs shall not contain statements of the superiority of one product over a competitor’s product that performs the same functions, or of one manufacturer against another. EPDs shall not contain directly or indirectly such comparative assertions.

The following ISO statements indicate the EPD comparability limitations and intent to avoid any market distortions or misinterpretation of EPDs based on this PCR. ISO 14025 requires this statement be included: “Environmental declarations from different programs based upon differing PCRs may not be comparable”.

A statement shall be included that indicates, “comparison of the environmental performance of metal panel products using EPD information shall be based on the product’s use and impacts at the building level, and therefore EPDs may not be used for comparability purposes when not considering the building use stage as instructed under this PCR”.

This statement shall be included: “Full conformance with the PCR for metal panels allows EPD comparability only when all stages of the product life cycle have been considered, when they comply with all referenced standards, used the same sub-category PCR, and use equivalent scenarios with respect to construction works. However, variations and deviations are possible”. Example of variations: Different LCA software and background LCI datasets may lead to different results for upstream or downstream of the life cycle stages declared.”

In order to facilitate and transparently communicate comparisons, the following checklist shall be included in the EPD, along with a statement that all line items must be checked for a product comparison to be possible.

The following items are identical between compared products:

· Product category definition and description

· Functional unit

· System boundary

· Criteria for inclusion or exclusion of flows

· Data quality

· Calculation procedures (transformation of data collected into flows)

· Allocation rules

· Impact categories and LCIA methodologies

· Predetermined parameters for inventory indicators and LCIA characterization factors

The following items are equivalent (comparable but not necessarily identical):

· Methods of data collection

· Data sources

· Units

· Additional information requirements

· Declaration of materials and substances that affect human health and the environment

The EPD owner shall transparently indicate any comparability limitations.

Product-group-specific LCA calculation rules from PCR Part A

No product-group-specific LCA calculation rules exist.

1. General Information

Program Operator Name, Address, Logo, and Website

Program Operator Provided

General Program Instructions and Version Number

Location of Explanatory Material

Declaration Holder and Address

Declaration Number


Declared Product & Functional Unit

Product Definition

Reference PCR and Version Number

Markets of Applicability

Date of Issue


Period of Validity


EPD Type

[Industry-wide or product-specific]

EPD Scope

[Cradle to gate, cradle to gate with options (specify options), or cradle to grave]

Year(s) of reported manufacturer primary data

LCA Software & Version Number

LCI Database(s) & Version Number

LCIA Methodology & Version Number

Applicable Green Building Certification Schema

The PCR review was conducted by:




This declaration was independently verified in accordance with ISO 14025: 2006. The UL Environment “Part A: Calculation Rules for the Life Cycle Assessment and Requirements on the Project Report,” v3.0 (December 2017), based on CEN Norm EN 15804 (2012) and ISO 21930:2017, serves as the core PCR, with additional considerations from the USGBC/UL Environment Part A Enhancement (2017) ☐ INTERNAL ☐ EXTERNAL


This life cycle assessment was conducted in accordance with ISO 14044 and the reference PCR by:


This life cycle assessment was independently verified in accordance with ISO 14044 and the reference PCR by:


Limitations

Environmental declarations from different programs (ISO 14025) may not be comparable.

Comparison of the environmental performance of metal panel and cladding products using EPD information shall be based on the product’s use and impacts at the building level, and therefore EPDs may not be used for comparability purposes when not considering the building use phase as instructed under this PCR.

Full conformance with the PCR for metal panels and cladding allows EPD comparability only when all stages of a life cycle have been considered when they comply with all referenced standards, use the same sub-category PCR, and use equivalent scnearios with respect to construction works. However, variations and deviations are possible”. Example of variations: Different LCA software and background LCI datasets may lead to differences results for upstream or downstream of the life cycle stages declared.

2. EPD Content2.1. Product description

The declared products shall be described. A visual representation of the product must be included. If averages are declared across various products, the average breakdown shall be explained. The product description shall include an identification of the product’s composition according to the Globally Harmonized System (GHS) where applicable. To the extent it does not compromise confidential business information, a graphic depiction of a flow diagram illustrating main processes according to the scope of the declaration shall be included.

2.1.1 Industry wide EPD

The method for creating an industry wide EPD shall be described.

Note: Include how a sufficient statistical representation is achieved, how geographic location is assessed, and how the average is weighted to ensure sufficient representation so as to avoid bias. A quantitative assessment of primary dataset variability (LCIA results), including mean, median, standard deviation, and best fitting probability distribution function shall be included.

The method of dataset averaging shall be described (i.e., horizontal or vertical averaging) and justified. The justification shall consider if data is more appropriately represented by standalone gate-to-gate processes (horizontal averaging) versus capturing the flow of goods within a facility(ies) (vertical averaging).

A qualitative assessment shall be provided within the EPD that describes percent representation of industry and percent geographical region representation, and other contributing sources of variation (e.g. operational capacity, grid mix.) The manufacturing sites which the results of the LCA represent shall be specified.

2.1.2 Product Specific EPD

The method for creating a company specific individual product/product group EPD shall be described, including the method for determining a weighted average across products based on production volume. The manufacturing site(s) which the results of the LCA represent shall be specified.

Note: When similar products are grouped and reported as an average product in the same EPD, the weighted coefficient of variation across all products shall be less than or equal to 10% for any impact category. If the weighted coefficient of variation is 10% or greater for any impact category, each product shall be shown separately. Clear evidence to substantiate a product group that purports to conform to this 10% limitation must be submitted to and reviewed by the critical reviewer(s) of the background LCA and critical reviewer(s) must specifically acknowledge the conformance of the product group to the 10% limit in its written findings. In addition, EPDs may not include benchmarking between grouped product averages. 2.2. Application

The intended application(s) for the referenced product(s) shall be specified, along with the declared unit (if use stage modules are not considered) or functional unit and RSL (if use stage modules are considered).

Example:

· Applications of building products, for example:

· Sheeting in excavation pit

· Anchor structures

· Supporting and retaining structures

· Sub-structures and covering for roof and wall

· Steel for composite steel structures

· Steel-Concrete Composite, Composite Steel Structures

· Self-supporting sandwich elements for:

· Roofs and roofings;

· Exterior walls and wall coverings;

· Walls (including partition walls) and (sub) ceilings within the building envelope.

The characteristics of the product that are a result of the application should also be specified. These could be an important part of a specification decisions.

Examples may include but are not limited to:

· Air barrier properties

· Acoustical properties

· Thermal properties

· Etc.

The applications relate to the supplied product and the intended purpose(s) of use, even if it is only achieved through further processing by subsequent manufacturers.

2.3. Environmental Activities and Certifications

Describe other environmental activities of the EPD holder, such as participation in recycling or recovery programs along with the details of these programs and contact information.

For certifications applied to the product and listed in the EPD, include a statement on where an interested party can find details of the certification program.

2.4. Declaration of Methodological Framework

The following items must be specified: the type of EPD with respect to life cycle stages, and the modules covered and not covered (e.g. cradle-to-grave with modules A1-C4 included).

For EPDs representing an average of similar products, a description of what the average represents shall be included.

The reference conditions for achieving the declared technical and functional performance and the RSL shall be included.

The allocation procedures and cut-off procedure must be described. Include the statement “no known flows are deliberately excluded from this EPD”

2.5. Technical Data

If relevant for the declared as-delivered product, the following technical data shall be provided with reference to the test standard.

Table 1. Technical data: Insulated Metal Panels, Metal Composite Panels, and Metal Cladding

Name

Value

Unit

Length

m

Width

m

Thickness

mm

Density

kg/m3

Tensile Strength

MPa

Modulus of Elasticity

MPa

U-value of assembly including interruptions to insulation

W/(m2K)

R value of typical materials where continuous

m2K/W

Water vapor permeance

Metric perms

Airborne sound reduction

dB

Sound absorption coefficient

%

2.6. Market Placement / Application rules

The respective standard and/or general technical approval or comparable national regulation shall be indicated. Standards shall be quoted as shown in Section 8.

The product(s) declared in this document complies with the following codes or regulations.

· Example: (Metal Cladding and Insulated Metal Panels) AAMA 501.1, Test Method for Water Penetration of Windows, Curtain Walls and Doors Using Dynamic Pressure

· Example: (Metal Composite Panels) AAMA 2605, Voluntary Specification, Performance Requirements and Test Procedures for Superior Performing Organic Coatings on Aluminum Extrusions and Panels

The final evaluation report/certification/ registration is available at: [Insert link]

2.7. Properties of declared product as delivered

The dimensions/quantities of the declared product(s) as delivered to the site of installation/application shall be indicated.

2.8. Material Composition

The main product components or materials that make up the construction product or work shall be described and given in percentage by mass. With appropriate justification, this requirement does not apply to confidential or proprietary information relating to materials and substances that apply due to a competitive business environment or covered by intellectual property rights or similar legal restrictions. It also might not be appropriate for information concerning intangible products.

This information may enable the user of the EPD to understand the composition of the product as delivered. This information should also support safety and efficiency during installation, usage and disposal of the product.

Declaration of material product content must encompass at least 99% of the packaged product by mass.

Statements of material non-inclusion, such as “… is free of …” may not be used. Ancillary materials and additives remaining on the product shall also be declared. If additives such as flame retardants, softeners or biocides are used, their functional chemical group shall be indicated.

2.9. Manufacturing

The manufacturing process and locations shall be described and illustrated using a simple flow-chart. If the EPD applies to several locations, the production processes for all locations shall be described and reference to quality management systems may be included.

2.10. Environment and health during manufacturing

Measures relating to environmental and health protection during the manufacturing process extending beyond national guidelines (of the production country) should be described, e.g. reference to a product safety data sheet (SDS), description of Environmental Management Systems or similar, programs addressing air emissions, waste water, noise, etc.

2.11. Transportation

The following information should be provided to specify any transport after the manufacturing gate: type of transport; type of vehicle; distance; type and amount of energy carrier

2.12. Product Installation

A description of the type of processing, machinery, tools, dust extraction equipment, auxiliary materials, etc. to be used during installation and measures for reducing noise shall be included. Information on industrial and environmental protection may be included in this section.

Any waste treatment included within the system boundary of installation waste should be specified.

2.13. Packaging

Information on product-specific packaging: type, composition and possible reuse of packaging materials (paper, pallets, foils etc.) shall be included in this section.

2.14. Use ConditionsAny relevant information may be provided in this section regarding specific product use conditions and/or limitations relevant to each product application and/or use, including a description of any maintenance, repair, replacement or refurbishment processes and/or a reference to where a description can be found.

All quantitative information related to this section shall be reported in Section 4 “Scenarios and additional technical information”.

2.15. Environment and health during use

Information should be provided in this section on the relationship between the product, the environment and health, including any possible harmful substances or emissions e.g. reference to a product safety data sheet (SDS).). Any recommendations concerning cleaning, maintenance, etc. of the declared product should be listed in the corresponding section in Section 4 “Scenarios and additional technical information”.

2.16. Product Reference Service Life and Building Estimated Service Life

The indication of the Reference Service Life (RSL) is imperative for EPDs covering the complete use stage (modules B1-B7), or if a use stage scenario is described, which refers to the lifetime of the product.

A default RSL of 30 years shall be assumed for the product system unless otherwise stated and substantiated. As the RSL depends on in-use conditions according to ISO 21930, the EPD shall state such conditions along with the RSL or reference such conditions as described in other parts of the EPD when declaring the RSL. When reporting the number of replacements necessary to fulfil the required performance and functionality over the building Estimated Service Life (ESL), fractional values shall be rounded up to the nearest tenth.

The RSL shall refer to the declared technical and functional durability of the product. A standard life expectancy based on the prescribed method or default of 30 years shall be used, with the option of any deviation allowed only if justified in writing, publicly available for review, and posted for publication. When reported, the RSL shall be established in line with all of the specific rules in regional product standards and shall also consider, but not necessarily adhere to the ISO 15686-1, -2, -7 and -8 standards. Where information is available for deriving the RSL from regional product standards, such data has priority. This PCR acknowledges product manufacturers cannot be held responsible for the actual design of the building, use and application of the product, environment, or workmanship.

The assumptions upon which the designated RSL is based and for which the RSL exclusively applies shall be provided in the section “LCA: Scenarios and additional technical information”. Influences on ageing, when applied, shall be in accordance with the state of the art.

An assumed ESL of 75 years shall be used for building life.

2.17. Extraordinary effectsFire

Information should be included on the product’s fire performance and possible impacts on the environment e.g. reaction-to-fire, other relevant fire tests as applicable, and emissions to air.

Water

Information should be included on the product’s performance and possible impacts on the environment following unforeseeable influence of water, e.g. flooding.

Mechanical destruction

Information should be included on the product’s performance and possible impacts on the environment following unforeseeable mechanical destruction.

2.18. Re-use phase

The possibilities of re-use, recycling and energy recovery shall be described. If an Extended Producer Responsibility initiative such as a product take-back program exists, this may be included.

2.19. Disposal

The EPD shall assume the following as the default disposal scenario per material. The EPD shall also present results for the individual options presented (i.e., the results shall also be presented separately for 100% landfill and 100% recycling).

Material

Recycling Rate

Landfill Rate

All metals[footnoteRef:2] [2: This PCR assumes the same recycling rate for all metals, in particular steel and aluminum. Structural steel is estimated to be recycled at 98% and reinforcing steel at 71%. While neither rate directly applies to the products covered by this PCR, they provide an indication that steel construction products, like all steel products, have demonstrated high recycling rates. Steel products that are easy to access during demolition, like those in question here, are likely recycled at a rate closer to structural steel than rebar, which is often enclosed in concrete and more difficult to recover. This PCR assumes an average steel recycling rate of 85% (average of 98% and 71%), which also aligns with a recycling rate of 85% for aluminum. http://www.aluminum.org/product-markets/building-construction, January 2018, http://www.steel.org/~/media/Files/AISI/Reports/2017-AISI-Profile-Book.pdf, 2017.]

85%

15%

Other materials

0%

100%

2.20. Further Information

A reference source for additional information may be provided here, e.g. homepage, reference source for safety data sheet.

3. LCA Calculation Rules3.1. Declared or Functional Unit

The declared or functional unit is the quantity of product for use as a reference unit for reporting and performing calculations in the EPD. A declared unit is used when a reference scenario for the whole life cycle, on the building level, cannot be stated and is used for cradle-to-gate scope and cradle-to-gate with options scope where use stage modules are not considered. A functional unit is used for a cradle-to-grave scope and some cradle-to-gate with options scope where use stage modules are considered (e.g. cradle-to-gate and maintenance).

The declared unit for metal panels, metal composite panels, and metal cladding is coverage of 100 square meters (1076.4 square feet) with metal product. The coverage area refers to the projected flat area covered by the product as output by the final manufacturing process step, and does not account for losses due to overlap and scrap during installation.

The products included in the scope of this PCR can provide multiple functions including covering a certain area, creating a barrier that controls noise air, water, and thermal transmission between the external environment and the interior space of a building, as well as other functions such as load carrying capacity and aesthetics. Since not all of these functions are performed by all products, the functional unit cannot incorporate all functions. A common function among all products in this category is covering a certain area, so the functional unit is based on that function alone. The functional unit for metal panels, metal composite panels, and metal cladding is the coverage of 100 square meters (1076.4 square feet) of building area for 75 years. The coverage area refers to the area as covered by the installed product, including losses due to overlap and scrap during installation. 5% installation waste shall be assumed unless supporting documentation justifies a different value.

The declared or functional unit, the mass reference flow, and the conversion factor to 1 kg shall be indicated in the following table.

Table 2. Functional or Declared Unit Information

Name

Value

Unit

Declared/Functional unit

Required: square meters

Optional: square feet

Mass

Required: kg

Optional: pounds

Conversion factor to 1 kg

3.2. System boundary

The type of EPD shall be specified as cradle to gate, cradle to gate – with options, or cradle to grave. The modules considered in the Life Cycle Assessment as per “System limits” outlined in Section 6 of the PCR, Part A: Life Cycle Assessment Calculation Rules and Report Requirements shall be described in brief. It should be apparent as to what processes are considered in what modules per the module descriptions in section 6 of Part A. Any relevant aspects or impacts not included in an information module shall be supported with relevant additional environmental information and the omissions shall be justified.

Capital goods and infrastructure flows shall not be excluded from unit processes used to model the LCIA to the extent they significantly affect the conclusions of the LCA or additional environmental information. The LCA report should specify lifetimes of capital goods and infrastructure included. The impact burden from capital goods and infrastructure shall be allocated to the product(s) in the LCA by either a) proportional to the specified lifetime of the asset, or b) proportional to the production output of the asset. Any deviation shall be explicitly specified and justified.

3.3. Product specific Calculations for use phase (Modules B1-B7)

Use-stage environmental impacts of metal panels and cladding during building operations may be relevant. The specific numbers for determining use phase impacts are included in this section.

3.3.1 Product Cleaning

In the absence of primary data, the following cleaning assumptions shall be used. Any deviations from these assumptions shall be justified and explained.

Table 3. Product Cleaning Assumptions

Cladding Panels

Roofing Panels

Interior Panels

Cleaner use and frequency

500 ml of 1% (v/v) sodium lauryl sulfate solution, twice per year

500 ml of 1% (v/v) sodium lauryl sulfate solution, once per year

500 ml of 1% (v/v) sodium lauryl sulfate solution, thrice per year

Note: in a 500 ml of 1% volumetric sodium lauryl sulfate solution, the mass of water is 495 grams and the mass of sodium lauryl sulfate is 5.05 grams.

3.4. Units

SI units are required for all LCA results. Other units commonly used in a regional market may be optionally included in addition to the required SI units.

3.5. Estimates and assumptions

Key assumptions and estimates for interpretation of the Life Cycle Assessment should be referred to here, provided that they are not dealt with in Section 3 “LCA: Calculation rules”, or Section 4 “LCA: Scenarios and additional technical data”. Imperial units may optionally be reported in addition to the required SI units.

Table 4. Mandatory conversion factors to be used if optionally reporting in Imperial units

Convert from

To

Multiply by

square meter (m2)

Square foot (ft2)

10.76391

kilogram (kg)

Pound (lb)

2.204622

Mega joule (MJ)

British Thermal Unit (BTU)

947.8170

degree Celsius (°C)

degree Fahrenheit (°F)

t/°C = (t/°F - 32)/1.8

cubic meter (m3)

cubic foot (ft3)

35.31466

The packaging end of life default assumption is 100% landfill. The EPD may also present results for a scenario based on a typical mix of recovery and disposal options (e.g, national average or other justifiable mix), but only if results for each of the individual options are also presented (i.e., if results are presented of a scenario that includes landfill, recycling, and incineration, then results must also be presented separately for 100% landfill, 100% recycling, and 100% incineration.

Transport, installation, and deconstruction procedures are common to all products within the category. In the absence of primary data, the following assumptions should be used. The distance from manufacturer to building site is based on a 2012 transporation survey from the US Department of Transportation for fabricated metal products. Any deviations from these assumptions shall be justified and explained.

Table 5. Transport, Installation, and Deconstruction Assumptions

Product transport from manufacturer to building site

Product transport from building site to waste/recycling processing

Installation & deconstruction procedures

Distance: 554 km

Mode: Diesel-powered truck/trailer

Distance: 100 km

Mode: Diesel-powered truck/trailer

1 gallon diesel

2 kWh electricity

3.6. Cut-off criteria

Cut-off rules shall follow ISO 21930:2017, Section 7.1.8. All known mass and energy flows shall be reported. No known flows should be deliberately excluded. This PCR prescribes data requirements and default values where needed such that no data is unavailable. Any other unknown mass and energy flows shall assume worst-case estimates. Therefore no cut-off criteria are appropriate or applicable to LCAs which conform to this PCR.

In cases of insufficient input data or data gaps for a unit process, the cut-off criteria shall be 1% of renewable primary resource (energy), 1% non-renewable primary resource (energy) usage, 1% of the total mass input of that unit process and 1% of environmental impacts. The total of neglected input flows per module shall be a maximum of 5% of energy usage, mass and environmental impacts. When assumptions are used in combination with plausibility considerations and expert judgement to demonstrate compliance with these criteria, the assumptions shall be conservative.

3.7. Data Sources

Primary data shall be collected for every process in the product system under the control of the organization developing the LCA. Primary data shall be collected using either direct measurement or facility personnel’s best engineering estimates based on actual production if measurements are not available. The method of collection shall be specified for each process in the LCA report.

The specified secondary sources have temporal, geographic, and technological coverage appropriate to the scope of the product category. The system boundaries of the secondary sources are equivalent and reference flows are adaptable to the product system specified in the PCR. Allocation procedures used in the specified secondary sources are appropriate for the product category.

The following secondary unit process data sets shall be used in the absence of primary data or sufficient justification that another secondary data set is more representative to the system of the declared product:

The sources for background data used shall be provided and selection of data shall follow PCR, Part A: “Life Cycle Assessment Calculation Rules and Report Requirements”, Section 7. Collection of data shall follow PCR, Part A: “Life Cycle Assessment Calculation Rules and Report Requirements”, Section 7. LCA models used to generate results for an EPD are encouraged to use unit process data sets (as opposed to system process data sets) so that the modeller can edit the underlying data in pursuit of optimizing the representativeness of the data set to the product system.

3.8. Data quality

An evaluation shall be provided regarding data quality, including temporal, geographical, technological representativeness, and completeness and shall follow the requirements outlined in PCR, Part A: “Life Cycle Assessment Calculation Rules and Report Requirements”, Section 7.

If the data quality assessment gives sufficient reason to believe that any of the employed generic material or process LCI data is not representative of the product(s) under study and may introduce substantial error to the reported impact category results, then a reasonable effort shall be made by the declaring organization to improve the data quality either by 1) collecting primary data on the material or process in question from suppliers or process operators, 2) developing LCI data based on other data sources like scientific literature, equipment specs, or trade publications, or 3) assessing whether more representative LCI data is available from any of the sources listed in PCR, Part A: “Life Cycle Assessment Calculation Rules and Report Requirements”, Section 7. If none of these options is viable within given constraints, the source and nature of the expected error shall be documented in the project report and a disclaimer should be added to the EPD that the reported values are likely an over- or underestimate of potential environmental burdens.

A third party verified ISO 14040/44 conforming report shall be made available for all secondary data sets (either unit processes or in aggregate) that contribute to more than 67% of total impact to any of the required impact categories identified by the applicable PCR.

3.9. Period under review

The period under review and ensuing averages shall be documented.

3.10. Allocation

Part A, Section 7 shall be used as the basis for allocation decisions, and mass should be used as the primary basis for co-product allocation in this Part B. Allocation methods deemed more appropriate than on the basis of mass may be used but only when justified. For example, a plating process may have impacts more dependent on surface area than on mass. The allocations of relevance for calculation (appropriation of impacts across various products) shall be indicated, at least:

· Allocation in the use of recycled and/or secondary raw materials

· Allocation of energy, auxiliary and operating materials used for individual products in a factory

whereby reference shall be made to the modules in which the allocations are performed.

While The “avoided burden” method of accounting is valid for optional module D, such credits are not allowed in modules A through C. Avoided burden is a life cycle assessment (LCA) approach to allocating environmental burden in the presence of recycling or reuse, referring to the impact of virgin material production that is potentially avoided by using recyclable material. In this method, the product is given credit for its potential to become recycled and displace the need for virgin material in a future product. Instead, EPDs should account for possible benefits of using recycled content in module A. The future benefit of manufacturing a recyclable product by claiming credit for raw materials not extracted in the future may only be expressed separately in module D.

3.11. Comparability and Benchmarking

A comparison or evaluation of EPD data is only possible if all data sets to be compared are 1) created according to EN 15804 and ISO 21930, 2) are considered in a whole building context or utilize identical defined use stage scenarios, and 3) able to check all items listed in the checklist in Section IV. Comparisons are only allowable when EPDs report cradle-to-grave information using a functional unit. Refer to EN 15804 and ISO 21930 for further information.

3.11.1 Industry Wide Benchmarking

When a product-specific EPD is benchmarked against an existing industry-wide EPD, the following requirements shall be met:

The life cycle stages considered for benchmarking in each EPD shall be consistent.

Data sources as specified in an existing PCR or Section 3.7 “Data Sources” of the PCR Part B shall be consistent as it pertains to:

Priority of primary and secondary data sources

Application of background LCI data sets and version. If LCI dataset method updates occur between the publication of the industry-wide EPD and product-specific EPD, a comparison against the industry-wide EPD results cannot be made until such time that the industry-wide EPD results are recalculated using the most recent LCI datasets.

Application of specific secondary, non-LCI data.

Cut-off criteria for inclusion of mass and energy flows shall be consistently applied

Use phase calculations in the Project Report shall be consistently applied as outlined in the existing PCR or Part B Section 3.3, “Product Specific Calculations for Use Phase (Modules B1-B7).”

End of life assumptions in Module C shall be consistently applied as specified in the existing PCR or Part B.

LCA modelling software and version used shall be consistent. If LCA software updates occur between the publication of the industry-wide EPD and product-specific EPD, a comparison against the industry-wide EPD results cannot be made until such time that the industry-wide EPD results are recalculated using the most recent software version.

Inventory flow data differences between the industry-wide EPD and the product-specific EPD shall be documented and quantified, exempting disclosure of confidential information.

3.11.2 Product Specific Benchmarking

When a product-specific EPD is benchmarked against an existing product-specific EPD from the same manufacturer, the following requirements shall be met:

The life cycle stages considered for benchmarking in each EPD shall be consistent.

Data sources as specified in an existing PCR or Section 3.7 “Data Sources” of the PCR Part B shall be consistent as it pertains to:

· Priority of primary and secondary data sources

· Application of background LCI data sets and version. If LCI dataset method updates occur between the publication of the benchmark EPD and updated EPD, the benchmark EPD results shall be recalculated using the most recent LCI datasets and used for benchmarking with the updated EPD.

· Application of specific secondary, non-LCI data.

Cut-off criteria for inclusion of mass and energy flows shall be consistently applied

Product specific use phase calculations in the Project Report shall be consistently applied as outlined in the existing PCR or Part B Section 3.3, “Product Specific Calculations for Use Phase (Modules B1-B7).”

End of life assumptions in Module C shall be consistently applied as specified in the existing PCR or Part B.

LCA modelling software and version used shall be consistent. If LCA software updates occur between the publication of the benchmark EPD and updated EPD, the benchmark EPD results should be recalculated using the most recent software version and used for benchmarking with the updated EPD.

Providing they do not conflict with existing confidentiality agreements, sources of deviation from the benchmark EPD shall be documented and quantified, including but not limited to:

· Number of manufacturing locations considered

· Sourcing changes

· Product design changes implemented

· Process changes implemented

· Processing waste treatment changes

· End of life pathway changes

4. LCA: Scenarios and additional technical information

The following information in Table 6 through Table 15 is necessary for declared modules. Irrelevant or non-applicable module rows may be excluded in the EPD; additional information may also be listed if necessary.

The following technical information is a basis for the declared modules or can be used for developing specific scenarios in the context of a building assessment if modules are not declared (MND).

Table 6. Transport to the building site (A4)

Name

Value

Unit

Liters of fuel

l/100km

Transport distance

km

Vehicle load capacity

kg or m3

Capacity utilization (including empty runs)

%

Bulk density of products transported or weight and volume of products transported

kg/m3

Volume capacity utilization factor

-

Table 7. Installation into the building (A5)

Name

Value

Unit

Auxiliary materials

kg

Water consumption specified by water source and fate (amount evaporated, amount disposed to sewer)

m3

Other resources

kg

Electricity consumption

kWh

Other energy carriers

MJ

Product loss per functional unit

kg

Waste materials at the construction site before waste processing, generated by product installation

kg

Output materials resulting from on-site waste processing (specified by route; e.g. for recycling, energy recovery and/or disposal)

kg

Direct emissions to ambient air,*, soil and water

kg

* Method used to calculate and report airborne dust shall be identified and/or described

Table 8. Use or application of the installed product (B1)

Name

Value

Unit

RSL

years

Table 9. Maintenance (B2)

Name

Value

Unit

Maintenance process information (cite source in report)

-

Maintenance cycle

Number/ RSL

Maintenance cycle

Number/ ESL


m3

Auxiliary materials specified by type (e.g. cleaning agent)

kg

Other resources

kg


kWh

Other energy carriers specified by type

MJ

Power output of equipment

kW

Material loss

Kg

Direct emissions to ambient air, soil and water

kg

Further assumptions for scenario development (e.g. frequency and time period of use, number of occupants);

Table 10. Repair (B3)

Name

Value

Unit

Repair process information (cite source in report)

-

Inspection process information (cite source in report)

-

Repair cycle

Number/ RSL

Repair cycle

Number/ ESL


m3


kg

Other resources

kg


kWh


MJ

Material loss

kg


kg


Replacement (B4) / Refurbishment (B5)

The number of replacements of product expected during the building ESL of 75 years shall be declared. Required or expected maintenance are to be modelled according to manufacturer’s guidelines. Assumptions and key parameters shall be clearly stated and the manufacturer is to submit supporting documentation to justify the assumptions made.

If the RSL is less than the building’s ESL of 75 years, the number of replacements that will be necessary to fulfil the required performance and functionality over the building ESL shall be identified.

Replacements should be rounded-up to the nearest tenths of the ESL of the building; e.g., 1.47 rounded to 1.5.

Table 11. Replacement (B4)

Name

Value

Unit

Replacement cycle

Number/ RSL

Replacement cycle

Number/ ESL


kWh


MJ


m3


kg

Replacement of worn parts

kg


kg


Table 12. Refurbishment (B5)

Name

Value

Unit

Refurbishment process description (cite source in report)

Replacement cycle

Number/ RSL

Replacement cycle

Number/ ESL


kWh


MJ


m3

Other energy carriers (specify)

MJ

Material inputs during refurbishment, including ancillary processing materials (specify materials)Auxiliary materials specified by type (e.g. cleaning agent)

kg

Waste materials from refurbishment (specify materials)Waste material


kg


Table 13. Operational energy use (B6) and Operational water use (B7)

Name

Value

Unit


m3


kWh


MJ

Equipment output

kW


kg


Table 14. End of life (C1-C4)

Name

Value

Unit

Collected separately

kg

Collected as mixed construction waste

kg

Reuse

kg

Recycling

kg

Energy recovery

kg

Landfilling

kg

Table 15. Reuse, recovery and/or recycling potentials (D), relevant scenario information

Name

Value

Unit

Net energy benefit from energy recovery from waste treatment declared as exported energy in C3 (R>0.6)

MJ

Net energy benefit from thermal energy due to treatment of waste declared as exported energy in C4 (R<0.6)

MJ

Net energy benefit from material flow declared in C3 for energy recovery

MJ

If applicable, complete Table D as specified in Part A, Section 6.5.6.

5. LCA: Results

In Table 16, "Description of the system boundary," all declared modules shall be indicated with an "X”. Indicator values in Table 17 for each module shall be declared with three digits using scientific notation (e.g. 1.23E-5 = 0.0000123). A uniform format shall be used for all indicator values.

Modules A1, A2, and A3 may be declared as one aggregated module A1-A3.

Life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) results shall be reported according to at least one of the regional methods specified in Table 17, Table 18, or Table 19. LCIA results may be reported in according to multiple regional methods to achieve conformance with EN 15804 or other EPD program operators.

Results derived from the product life cycle inventory (LCI) shall be reported in Table 20, Table 21, and Table 22.

Table 16. Description of the system boundary modules

Life cycle Environmental Impact Assessment Results: [Indicate functional unit and product]

Table 17. North American Life Cycle Impact Assessment Results

TRACI 2.1 Impact Assessment Method, October 2013 (with the exception of GWP)

Parameter

Parameter

Unit

Values for all declared modules

GWP

Global warming potential based on IPCC (2013 AR5), 100 years, excluding biogenic CO2)

[kg CO2-Eq.]

ODP

Stratospheric ozone layer depletion potential

[kg CFC-11 Eq.]

AP

Acidification potential

[kg SO2-Eq.]

EP

Eutrophication potentials

[kg N-Eq.]

POCP

Photochemical ozone creation potential

[kg O3-Eq.]

ADP

Abiotic resource depletion potential – fossil fuels

Surplus energy per extracted MJ, kg or m3 fossil fuel, as a result of lower quality resources

Table 18. Europe Life Cycle Impact Assessment Results

CML 4.2 (April 2013) Impact Assessment Method (per EN 15804:2012 + A1:2013)

Parameter

Parameter

Unit


GWP

Global warming potential

[kg CO2-Eq.]

ODP

Depletion potential of the stratospheric ozone layer

[kg CFC-11 Eq.]

AP Air

Acidification potentials for air emissions

[kg SO2-Eq.]

EP

Eutrophication potentials

[kg (PO4)3- Eq.]

POCP

Formation potential of tropospheric ozone

[kg C2H4 Eq.]

ADP elements

Abiotic depletion potential for non-fossil resources

[kg Sb-Eq.]

ADP fossil fuels

Abiotic depletion potential for fossil resources

[MJ, LHV]

Table 19. Rest of World Life Cycle Impact Assessment Results

Parameter

Parameter

Unit


GWP

Global warming potential based on IPCC (2013 AR5), 100 years, excluding biogenic CO2)

[kg CO2-Eq.]

ODP

Stratospheric ozone layer depletion potential (WMO)

[kg CFC-11 Eq.]

AP

Acidification potential (Hauschild and Wenzel)

[kg SO2-Eq.]

EP

Eutrophication potentials (Heijungs et al.)

[kg N-Eq.]

POCP

Photochemical ozone creation potential (Jenkin and Hayman)

[kg O3-Eq.]

Table 20. Life Cycle Inventory Results: Resource Use (All Geographies)

LCI RESULTS – RESOURCE USE [Indicate functional unit and product]

Parameter

Parameter

Unit


RPRE

Renewable primary energy as energy carrier

[MJ, LHV]

RPRM

Renewable primary energy resources as material utilization

[MJ, LHV]

RPRT

Total use of renewable primary energy resources

[MJ, LHV]

NRPRE

Non-renewable primary energy as energy carrier

[MJ, LHV]

NRPRM

Non-renewable primary energy as material utilization

[MJ, LHV]

NRPRT

Total use of non-renewable primary energy resources

[MJ, LHV]

SM

Use of secondary material

[MJ, LHV]

RSF

Use of renewable secondary fuels

[MJ, LHV]

NRSF

Use of non-renewable secondary fuels

[MJ, LHV]

RE

Recovered Energy

[MJ, LHV]

FW

Use of net fresh water

[m³]

RPRE = Use of renewable primary energy excluding renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; RPRM = Use of renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; RPRT = Total use of renewable primary energy resources; NRPRE = Use of non-renewable primary energy excluding non-renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; NRPRM = Use of non-renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; NRPRT = Total use of non-renewable primary energy resources; SM = Use of secondary material; RSF = Use of renewable secondary fuels; NRSF = Use of non-renewable secondary fuels; RE = Recovered energy;FW = Use of net fresh water

Table 21. Life Cycle Inventory Results: Output Flows and Waste Categories (All Geographies)

LCI RESULTS: OUTPUT FLOWS AND WASTE CATEGORIES [Indicate functional unit and product]

Parameter

Parameter

Unit


HWD

Hazardous waste disposed

[kg]

NHWD

Non-hazardous waste disposed

[kg]

HLRW

High-level radioactive waste, conditioned, to final repository

[kg] or [m3]

ILLRW

Intermediate- and low-level radioactive waste, conditioned, to final repository

[kg] or [m3]

CRU

Components for re-use

[kg]

R

Materials for recycling

[kg]

MER

Materials for energy recovery

[kg]

HWD = Hazardous waste disposed; NHWD = Non-hazardous waste disposed; HLRW = high-level radioactive waste; ILLRW = intermediate and low level radioactive waste; CRU = Components for re-use; MFR = Materials for recycling; MER = Materials for energy recovery; EE = Exported energy

LCI RESULTS: OUTPUT FLOWS AND WASTE CATEGORIES [Indicate functional unit and product]

Parameter

Parameter

Unit


HWD

Hazardous waste disposed

[kg]

NHWD

Non-hazardous waste disposed

[kg]

HLRW

High-level radioactive waste, conditioned, to final repository

[kg] or [m3]

ILLRW

Intermediate- and low-level radioactive waste, conditioned, to final repository

[kg] or [m3]

CRU

Components for re-use

[kg]

R

Materials for recycling

[kg]

MER

Materials for energy recovery

[kg]

HWD = Hazardous waste disposed; NHWD = Non-hazardous waste disposed; HLRW = high-level radioactive waste; ILLRW = intermediate and low level radioactive waste; CRU = Components for re-use; MFR = Materials for recycling; MER = Materials for energy recovery; EE = Exported energy

Table 22. Life Cycle Inventory Results: Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Removals

LCI RESULTS: Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Removals [Indicate functional unit and product]

Parameter

Parameter

Unit


BCRP

Biogenic Carbon Removal from Product

[kg CO2e]

BCEP

Biogenic Carbon Emission from Product

[kg CO2e]

BCRK

Biogenic Carbon Removal from Packaging

[kg CO2e]

BCEK

Biogenic Carbon Emission from Packaging

[kg CO2e]

BCEW

Biogenic Carbon Emission from Combustion of Waste from Renewable Sources Used in Production Processes

[kg CO2e]

CCE

Calcination Carbon Emissions

[kg CO2e]

CCR

Carbonation Carbon Removals

[kg CO2e]

CWNR

Carbon Emissions from Combustion of Waste from Non-Renewable Sources used in Production Processes

[kg CO2e]

Methodology used to calculate CCE and CCR must be referenced.

6. LCA: Interpretation

To facilitate comprehension of the Life Cycle Assessment, both the aggregate indicators of the Life Cycle Inventory Analysis (LCIA) and the estimated impact outlined in Section 5 “LCIA results” shall be interpreted in a dominance analysis.

This interpretation shall also include a description of the time frame and/or variance of the LCIA results if the EPD is valid for several products. An illustration of the results with figures is recommended, e.g. for the dominance analysis, the distribution of impacts across the modules, the CO2-balance, etc. as appropriate for a reader's understanding of the environmental profile of the declared product.

The LCA report shall describe consistency checks performed for assumptions, methods, and data quality considerations which support the interpretation.

7. Supporting Documentation

The project report elements required to support the content declared in an EPD created using this document are specified in Part A: Life Cycle Assessment Calculation Rules and Report Requirements .These project report elements include general information (Part A: Section 4), study goal (Part A: Section 5), study scope (Part A: Section 6), and the life cycle inventory analysis, impact assessment, and interpretation (Part A: Section 7, 8, and 9). Additionally, the project report shall include additional required supporting documentation specified in this Part B and according to Part A: Section 10.

If relevant to the scope of the declared product, or due to the product material composition, it is recommended to provide sufficient supporting documentation in the EPD and Project Report. When providing documentation, testing protocols and other relevant information shall be indicated. If supporting documentation is not provided, the reasons shall be indicated in the EPD and Project Report.

As a general rule, all statements shall be documented with measured data (presented by the corresponding test certificates). In the case of non-verifiable substances, the limit of detection shall be included in the declaration. Interpreting statements such as “… free of …” or “… are entirely harmless …” are not permissible.

8. References

The literature referred to in the Environmental Product Declaration shall be quoted in full from the following sources. Standards and standards relating to evidence and/or technical features already fully quoted in the EPD do not need to be listed here. Part B of the PCR document on which they are based shall be referenced.

UL Environment

UL Environment General Program Instructions April 2017, version 2.1

Part A: Life Cycle Assessment Calculation Rules and Report Requirements UL Environment (December 2017, version 3.0)

Characterization methods

IPCC. 2014. Climate Change 2013. The Physical Science Basis. Cambridge University Press. http://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar5/wg1/

Hauschild M.Z., & Wenzel H. Environmental Assessment of Products. Springer, US, Vol. 2, 1998

Heijungs R., Guinée J.B., Huppes G., Lankreijer R.M., Udo de Haes H.A., Wegener Sleeswijk A. Environmental Life Cycle Assessment of Products: Guide and Backgrounds. CML. Leiden University, Leiden, 1992

Jenkin M.E., & Hayman G.D. Photochemical ozone creation potentials for oxygenated volatile organic compounds: sensitivity to variations in kinetic and mechanistic parameters. Atmospheric Environment. 1999, 33 (8) pp. 1275–1293

WMO. 1999. Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 1998, World Meteorological Organization Global Ozone Research and Monitoring Project – Report No. 44, WMO, Geneva

Sustainability Reporting Standards

EN 15804: 2012-04 - Sustainability of construction works — Environmental Product Declarations — Core rules for the product category of construction product.

ISO 14025: 2006 - Environmental labels and declarations — Type III environmental declarations — Principles and procedures

ISO 14040: 2006 - Environmental management – Life cycle assessment – Principles and framework

ISO 14044:2006 - Environmental management – Life cycle assessment – Requirements and guidelines

ISO 14046:2013 - Environmental management- Water footprint- Principles, requirements and guidelines

ISO 15392:2008 - Sustainability in building construction- General principles

ISO 15686-1:2011 - Buildings and constructed assets- Service life planning- Part 1: General principles

ISO 15686-2:2008 - Buildings and constructed assets- Service life planning Part 2: Service life prediction procedures

ISO 15686-7:2008 - Buildings and constructed assets- Service life planning Part 7: Performance evaluation for feedback of service life data from practice

ISO 15686-8:2008 - Buildings and constructed assets- Service life planning Part 8: Reference service life and service life estimation

ISO 21930: 2017 - Sustainability in building construction -- Environmental declaration of building products

Product Category Rule Guidance Development Initiative. Guidance for Product Category Rule Development. (August 28, 2014, version 1.0).

Testing and Classification References

American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH®) Threshold Limit Values and Biological Exposure Indices

AAMA:

AAMA 501.1, Test Method for Water Penetration of Windows, Curtain Walls and Doors Using Dynamic Pressure

AAMA 509, Voluntary Test and Classification Method of Drained and Back Ventilated Rain Screen Wall Cladding Systems

AAMA 620, Voluntary Specification for High Performance Organic Coatings on Coil Coated Architectural Aluminum Substrates

AAMA 621, Voluntary Specification for High Performance Organic Coatings on Coil Coated Architectural Hot Dipped Galvanized (HDG) and Zinc-Aluminum Coated Steel Substrates

AAMA 2605, Voluntary Specification, Performance Requirements and Test Procedures for Superior Performing Organic Coatings on Aluminum Extrusions and Panels

ANSI/FMG:

ANSI/FMG 4471, Approval Standard For Class 1 Panel Roofs

ANSI/FMG 4880, American National Standard for Evaluating Insulated Wall and Roof/Ceiling Assemblies

ASCE:

ASCE/SEI 7-16, Minimum Design Loads and Associated Criteria for Buildings and Other Structures

ASCE, Final Report and Recommendations on Assignment of Authority & Responsibility for Design of Steel Structures

ASHRAE:

ASHRAE 90.1, Energy Standard for Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings

ASHRAE/ANSI/IES/USGBC 189.1, Standard for the Design of High-Performance Green Buildings

AS-TL:

AS-TL 1923A

ASTM:

ASTM A240, Standard Specification for Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for Pressure Vessels and for General Applications

ASTM A463, Standard Specification for Steel Sheet, Aluminum-Coated, by the Hot-Dip Process (option-Mil-S-4174B)

ASTM A653, Steel Sheet, Zinc-Coated or Zinc Iron Alloy Coated by the Hot Dip Coating Process

ASTM A666, Standard Specification for Annealed or Cold-Worked Austenitic Stainless Steel Sheet, Strip, Plate, and Flat Bar

ASTM A755, Specification for Steel Sheet, Metallic Coated by the Hot-Dip Process and Prepainted by the Coil-Coating Process for Exterior Exposed Building Products.

ASTM A792, Standard Specification for Steel Sheet, 55 % Aluminum-Zinc Alloy-Coated by the Hot-Dip Process

ASTM A875, Standard Specification for Steel Sheet, Zinc-5 % Aluminum Alloy-Coated by the Hot-Dip Process

ASTM A924, Standard Specification for General Requirements for Steel Sheet, Metallic-Coated by the Hot-Dip Process

ASTM B101, Standard Specification for Lead-Coated Copper Sheet and Strip for Building Construction

ASTM B117, Standard Practice for Operating Salt Spray (Fog) Apparatus

ASTM B209, Standard Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Sheet and Plate

ASTM B370, Standard Specification for Copper Sheet and Strip for Building Construction

ASTM C209, Standard Test Methods for Cellulosic Fiber Insulating Board

ASTM C273, Standard Test Method for Shear Properties of Sandwich Core Materials

ASTM C518, Standard Test Method for Steady-State Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of the Heat Flow Meter Apparatus

ASTM C1371, Standard Test Method for Determination of Emittance of Materials near Room Temperature Using Portable Emissometers

ASTM C1363, Standard Test Method for Thermal Performance of Building Materials and Envelope Assemblies by Means of a Hot Box Apparatus

ASTM C1549, Standard Test Method for Determination of Solar Reflectance near Ambient Temperature Using a Portable Solar Reflectometer

ASTM C236, Standard Test Method for Steady-State Thermal Performance of Building Assemblies by Means of a Guarded Hot Box (Withdrawn 2001)

ASTM D522, Standard Test Methods for Mandrel Bend Test of Attached Organic CoatingsASTM D523, Specular Gloss

ASTM D635, Standard Test Method for Rate of Burning and/or Extent and Time of Burning of Plastics in a Horizontal Position

ASTM D968, Standard Test Methods for Abrasion Resistance of Organic Coatings by Falling Abrasive

ASTM D1014, Standard Practice for Conducting Exterior Exposure Tests of Paints and Coatings on Metal Substrates

ASTM D1621, Standard Test Method for Compressive Properties of Rigid Cellular Plastics

ASTM D1622, Standard Test Method for Apparent Density of Rigid Cellular Plastics

ASTM D1623, Standard Test Method for Tensile and Tensile Adhesion Properties of Rigid Cellular Plastics

ASTM D1729, Standard Practice for Visual Appraisal of Colors and Color Differences of Diffusely-Illuminated Opaque Materials

ASTM D1781, Standard Test Method for Climbing Drum Peel for Adhesives

ASTM D1929, Standard Test Method for Determining Ignition Temperature of Plastics

ASTM D2244, Standard Practice for Calculation of Color Tolerances and Color Differences from Instrumentally Measured Color CoordinatesASTM D2247, Water Resistance of Coatings

ASTM D2794, Standard Test Method for Resistance of Organic Coatings to the Effects of Rapid Deformation (Impact)

ASTM D3359, Standard Test Methods for Rating Adhesion by Tape Test

ASTM D4145, Standard Test Method for Coating Flexibility of Prepainted Sheet

ASTM D4214, Standard Test Methods for Evaluating the Degree of Chalking of Exterior Paint Films

ASTM D4585, Standard Practice for Testing Water Resistance of Coatings Using Controlled Condensation

ASTM D4587, Standard Practice for Fluorescent UV-Condensation Exposures of Paint and Related Coatings

ASTM D4752, Standard Practice for Measuring MEK Resistance of Ethyl Silicate (Inorganic) Zinc-Rich Primers by Solvent Rub

ASTM D4977, Standard Test Method for Granule Adhesion to Mineral Surfaced Roofing by Abrasion

ASTM D7091, Standard Practice for Nondestructive Measurement of Dry Film Thickness of Nonmagnetic Coatings Applied to Ferrous Metals and Nonmagnetic, Nonconductive Coatings Applied to Non-Ferrous Metals

ASTM E18, Standard Test Method for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Material

ASTM E72, Standard Test Methods of Conducting Strength Tests of Panels for Building Construction

ASTM E84, Standard Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials

ASTM E90, Standard Test Method for Laboratory Measurement of Airborne Sound Transmission Loss of Building Partitions and Elements

ASTM E108, Standard Test Methods for Fire Tests of Roof Coverings

ASTM E119, Standard Test Methods for Fire Tests of Building Construction and Materials

ASTM E1332, Standard Classification for Rating Outdoor-Indoor Sound Attenuation

ASTM E1592, Standard Test Method for Structural Performance of Sheet Metal Roof and Siding Systems by Uniform Static Air Pressure Difference

ASTM E1646, Standard Test Method for Water Penetration of Exterior Metal Roof Panel Systems by Uniform Static Air Pressure Difference

ASTM E1680, Standard Test Method for Rate of Air Leakage through Exterior Metal Roof Panel Systems

ASTM E1886, Standard Test Method for Performance of Exterior Windows, Curtain Walls, Doors, and Impact Protective Systems Impacted by Missile(s) and Exposed to Cyclic Pressure Differentials

ASTM E1980, Standard Practice for Calculating Solar Reflectance Index of Horizontal and Low-Sloped Opaque Surfaces

ASTM E1996, Standard Specification for Performance of Exterior Windows, Curtain Walls, Doors, and Impact Protective Systems Impacted by Windborne Debris in Hurricanes

ASTM E283, Standard Test Method for Determining Rate of Air Leakage Through Exterior Windows, Curtain Walls, and Doors Under Specified Pressure Differences Across the Specimen

ASTM E329, Standard Specification for Agencies Engaged in Construction Inspection, Testing, or Special Inspection

ASTM E330, Standard Test Method for Structural Performance of Exterior Windows, Doors, Skylights and Curtain Walls by Uniform Static Air Pressure Difference

ASTM E331, Standard Test Method for Water Penetration of Exterior Windows, Skylights, Doors, and Curtain Walls by Uniform Static Air Pressure Difference

ASTM E408, Standard Test Methods for Total Normal Emittance of Surfaces Using Inspection-Meter Techniques

ASTM E413, Classification for Rating Sound Insulation

ASTM F1642, Standard Test Method for Glazing and Glazing Systems Subject to Airblast Loadings

ASTM G151, Standard Practice for Exposing Nonmetallic Materials in Accelerated Test Devices that Use Laboratory Light Sources

ASTM G154, Standard Practice for Operating Fluorescent Ultraviolet (UV) Lamp Apparatus for Exposure of Nonmetallic Materials

CAN/ULC:

CAN/ULC S101, Standard Methods of Fire Endurance Tests of Building Construction and Materials

CAN/ULC S102, Standard Method of Test for Surface Burning Characteristics of building Materials and Assemblies

CAN/ULC S126, Standard Method Of Test For Fire Spread Under Roof-deck Assemblies

CAN/ULC S134, Standard Method of Fire Test of Exterior Wall Assemblies

CAN/ULC S138, Standard method of test for fire growth of insulated building panels in a full-scale room configuration

CITY OF LOS ANGELES:

FM 4471, APPROVAL STANDARD FOR CLASS 1 PANEL ROOFS

FM 4880, APPROVAL STANDARD FOR Class 1 Insulated Wall and Ceiling Panels - Fire

FM 4881, APPROVAL STANDARD FOR Class 1 Exterior Wall Systems

GSA-TS01/ASTM F1642, Standard Test Method for Glazing and Glazing Systems Subject to Airblast Loadings

NFPA:

NFPA 259, Standard Test Method for Potential Heat of Building Materials

NFPA 285, STANDARD FIRE TEST METHOD FOR EVALUATION OF FIRE PROPAGATION CHARACTERISTICS OF EXTERIOR NON-LOAD-BEARING WALL ASSEMBLIES CONTAINING COMBUSTIBLE COMPONENTS

NFPA 286, STANDARD METHODS OF FIRE TESTS FOR EVALUATING CONTRIBUTION OF WALL AND CEILING INTERIOR FINISH TO ROOM FIRE GROWTH

SMACNA:

SMACNA, Architectural Sheet Metal Manual - Gutter design and flashing details

UL:

UL, Building Materials Directory

UL, Fire Resistance Directory

UL 263, Standard for Fire Tests of Building Construction and Materials

UL 723, Standard for Test for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials







Relevant Federal Standards and SOPs

Environment Canada, National Pollutant Release Inventory (NPRI) (http://www.ec.gc.ca/inrp-npri/)

EPCRA 313 Toxic Release Inventory Reporting (U.S.) (http://www2.epa.gov/toxics-release-inventory-tri-program)

US DOT, 2012 Economic Census: Transportation / 2012 Commodity Flow Survey, February 2015, https://www.rita.dot.gov/bts/sites/rita.dot.gov.bts/files/ec12tcf-us.pdf, Accessed 28 November 2017

US EPA, ORD/NRMRL/Sustainable Technology Division, Systems Analysis Branch, SOP No. S-10637-OP-1-0- Tool for the Reduction and Assessment of Chemical and other Environmental Impacts (TRACI), Software Name and Version Number: TRACI version 2.1, USER’S MANUAL, 24 July, 2012

US EPA, Advancing Sustainable Materials Management: 2014 Fact Sheet, November 2016, https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2016-11/documents/2014_smmfactsheet_508.pdf, Accessed 28 November 2017

US: Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA), Clause C (http://www.epa.gov/region6/rcra/)

40 CFR 50 Protection of Environment - Part 50: National Primary and Secondary Ambient Air Quality Standards (U.S.) (http://www.epa.gov/air/criteria.html)

Clean Air Act (CAA) Section 112(r): Accidential Release Prevention/Public Management Rule (http://www.epa.gov/oem/docs/chem/caa112_rmp_factsheet.pdf)

CERCLA Hazardous Substances (U.S.) (http://www.epa.gov/oem/content/hazsubs/cercsubs.htm)

U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational Safety & Health Administration (OSHA 1910.1200 Hazard Communication Standard—Toxic and Hazardous Substances (U.S)

(http://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_document?p_table=standards&p_id=10099)

Relevant PCRs

Part A: Life Cycle Assessment Calculation Rules and Report Requirements UL Environment (December 2017, version 3.0)

2 Part B: Insulated Metal Panels, Metal Composite Panels, and Metal Cladding: Roof and Wall Panels

© UL Environment 2018

Documents

Background Information and Acknowledgements · Web viewA comparison or evaluation of EPD data is only possible if all data sets to be compared are 1) created according to EN 15804