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BROWN WOOD PRESERVING SUPERFUND SITELive Oak, FloridaU.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Lisa Moore
Daniel Stern
SITE INTRODUCTION
Located 2 miles west of Live Oak city in Florida
1948 to 1978 – wood preserving pressure treatment facility using two treatment cylinders
Products used mainly creosote and water
Brown Wood Site
Waste water from the treatment cylinders was fed into oil/water separator
Creosote moved to storage tanks and the water treated and drained into a nearby lagoon
SITE INTRODUCTION
Pressure Treatment Cylinders
Treated Lumber is Dried and Stored
CONTAMINATION PROBLEM
Florida Department of Environmental Regulation (FDER) sampled the site in July 1982.
Contaminated with polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) placed
the site on the National Priorities list in December 1982 Six PAHs were considered high risk. EPA issued administrative order in September 1983. In April 1988 a ROD was signed which established a
clean goal of 100 mg/kg or less of Total Carcinogenic Indicator Chemicals (TCIC) within two years.
INTERIM REMOVAL ACTIVITIES
Interim removal activities were carried out between December 1987 and March 1988 including:
- Removal and treatment of 200,000 gallons of lagoon water
- Excavation, treatment and disposal of 15,000 tons of highly contaminated sludge and soil at an Emelle, Alabama, landfill.
- Sampling, analysis and stockpiling of contaminated soil for land treatment.
ALTERNATIVE SOLUTIONS
No action On-site incineration Off-site incineration Land treatment Treatment of sludge and off-site disposal of wastes Treatment and disposal of sludge's and land treatment
of soils Biological treatment of sludge’s using sequenced batch
reactors followed by land treatment of sludge and soil
LAND TREATMENT AREA
LTA
Pond
Lagoon
Stockpile
The option of land treatment of soils was selected
LTA was constructed including a retention pond and an irrigation and drainage system
Vegetation and structures cleared from four acres of ground
Contaminated soil was excavated and stored in a stockpile area
TREATMENT ACTIVITIES
LTA construction completed in October 1988 The site was divided into eight equal subplots The contaminated stockpiled soil was
transported in three lifts The first lift began in January 1989 and was
3,300 yds3 of soil, which was irrigated and fertilized
Twice a week the soil was inoculated with PAH degrading micro organisms
Inoculums were developed in on-site reactors, then sprayed onto the soil using the irrigation system
TREATMENT ACTIVITIES
A soil moisture content of 10% was maintained Samples were collected to monitor the soils TCICs
concentration The first level was treated until the concentration fell
below the required level (100 mg/kg) The the second lift of soil (3,000 yd3) was distributed in
September 1989 Final lift (1,800 yd3) was then spread and treated,
resulting in a total quantity of around 8,100 yd3
SUMMARY
This case is one of the earliest applications of land treatment at a superfund site contaminated with creosote compounds.
The total cost for the treatment of 8,100 cubic yards of soil was approximately $565, 400, corresponding to a cost of $70 per cubic yard of soil.
The cleanup goal of 100 mg/kg TCIC was met after 18 months.