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INDEX

A ʿAbd al-Ḥ amıd al-Katib , 6 ʿAbd al-Ghanıal-Nabulsı , 87, 106n60 Abu Hayyan al-Tawh ıdı , 271, 279n18 Abu Hila l al-ʿAskarı , 38n116, 167n19,

179, 186, 206, 207, 224n64, 225n72

Abu’l ʿAlaʼ al-Maarrı , 1, 19, 30, 76, 229–57, 258n1, 265, 275

Abu’ l ʿAtahiyya , 102 Abu’l Fath al-Iskandarı, al-Iskandarı

(fi ctional character) , 194, 197, 201, 272

Abu’l Ṭ ayyib al-Washsha ʼ, 81 Abu Yusuf Yaʿqub , 175 Abu Zayd al-Ansarı , 23 Abu Zayd al-Saru jı, al-Sarujı (fi ctional

character) , 201 adab

defi nition , 7, 9, 11, 18, 30, 32 vs. literature , 189n32, 268, 278

Adam, Adam and Eve , 95, 96, 98, 99, 107n97, 221n7, 256

Adam Mez , 238 Adunis , 4–7, 32n9, 33n27, 76

Ah mad Ibn Rajab’s , 72n8, 77 ʿAisha ʿAbd al-Rahman , 233, 258n1,

261n49 al-Akhfash , 25 ʿAla’ al-Dın Abu’l Shamat’ ,

169, 184 ‘ʿAlı al-Zaybaq’ , 169, 171, 174, 175,

184 Al-Aʿ sha , 249 Al-Azdı , 214 al-Azharı , 23, 24 ʿAlı b. Abı Ṭ alib , 99 Al-Baghdada al-Khazin , 12, 35n63,

117n7, 143n7 Al-Baqillını , 4, 38n120 Al-Buh turı , 232, 260n43 Al-Dhahabı , 231, 232, 235, 258n10,

262n86 Al-Fıruzabadı , 24, 37n89, 174,

188n18 al-Ghazalı , 67, 72n8, 73n18, 74n30,

76, 82, 90, 101, 103n12, 105n41, 106n72, 108n112, 154, 166n11, 239, 243, 260n37, 261n46

300 INDEX

al-Hamadhanı , 1, 174, 179, 188n20, 193, 194, 196–8, 200, 201, 203–8, 211–16, 218, 219, 220n1, 221n3, 222n14, 223n25, 224n50, 227n106, 242, 257, 266

al-Harırı , 1, 201, 202, 206, 222n17, 223n38, 257, 266

al-Husrı al-Qayrawanı , 185 Al-Ja hiz , 69, 112, 117n10, 167n19,

168n31, 175, 176, 185, 188n29, 194, 214, 215, 219, 221n5, 226n94, 226n103, 277

al-Jurjanı , 27, 28, 38n106, 38n120, 48, 79, 91, 104n29, 106n79

al-Kalbı , 25 al-Kashsha f , 24, 35n64, 37n101,

103n19, 107n99 al-Khalıl b. Ah mad al-Farahıdı , 22–3 Al-Marzubanı , 252 al-Masudı , 169, 174, 188n23 al-Mawardı , 100, 108n108 Al-Mubarrad Al-Mutannabı , 232 Al-Na bigha , 231, 250, 251 Al-Nahhas , 110, 117n2 al-Nawadir f ı l-Lugha , 23 al-Niffarı , 89, 106n68 al-Qamus al-Muhıt , 24, 37n96 al-Qurtubı , 25, 37n104, 72n8, 77,

104n32, 107n99, 260n43 al-Qushayrı , 12, 25, 35n65, 170,

187n6, 279n16 al-Raghib al-Isfaha nı , 90, 138 al-Saghanı , 23, 37n92 al-Sahibı f ı Fiqh al-Lugha , 4 Al-Samarqandı , 16, 17, 36n73, 36n74,

80, 104n31 al-Shahrastanı , 235, 259n21 Al-Shanfara , 253 al-Sharıf al-Radı , 33n15, 38n119,

73n22, 106n78

al-Shawkanı , 13, 35n65, 37n94, 107n99

al-Shafiʿı , 92, 107n80, 114, 117n12 al-Sharıf al-Jurjanı , 27, 38n106, 48 al-Tabarı , 24, 93, 97, 107n86 al-Tabarsı , 25, 37n105, 60, 71n4, 88,

106n66 al-Takmila wa l-Dhayl wa l-sila

li-Kitab Taj al-Lugha wa-Sahah al-ʿArabiyya , 23, 37n92

al-Tanukhı , 122, 143n4, 185, 186 Al- Thaʿalibı , 205, 207, 224n59,

260n40 Al-Waqa ʾiʿ al-Gharıba f ı Ikhtifa ʾ Saʿıd

Abı’l-Nahs al-Mutashaʾil, The Secret Life of Saeed the Pessoptimist , 218

al-Zabıdı , 24, 37n98 Al-Zamakhsharı , 12, 23, 25, 37n91,

37n101, 78, 93, 97, 104n21, 107n99, 143n22

anachronism, anachronistic , 266–9 ʿaql , 28, 44, 49, 53, 69, 93, 95,

100–102, 139, 140, 153, 154, 176, 194, 202, 204–8, 271, 272

Arabic Language , 4, 22, 37n94, 57n31, 101, 243

Asas al-Balagha , 23, 37n91, 104n29 atomistic readings , 237, 266 Avicenna , 79, 94, 104n28 aya, ayat , signs , 63, 99, 102, 114 ʿayyar, ʿayyarın , 170–73, 187n3

B badı ʿ , rhetorical embellishments , 64 Banu Sasan , 208, 217 Barbara Cassin , 22, 36n85 Bashshar b. Burd , 235, 255, 262n86 Beautiful Name , 45 blasphemy , 235, 252 Butrus Bustanı , 24

INDEX 301

C Carnival, carnivalesque , 1, 19, 22,

147, 152, 161, 167n22, 185, 269, 272–5, 277

Claudio Guillén , 35n57, 272 Commedia Divina , 231, 252 Comparative literature , 20, 35n57,

36n81, 272, 276, 277 confl ict , 2, 3, 31, 50, 94, 187n7, 243,

265, 275 creative process , 1–3, 21, 141, 163,

177, 186–75, 193 creativity , 31, 175, 183, 215, 233,

244, 252

D Dante , 231, 240, 252, 253, 258n8 David Damrosch , 18, 36n76 Day of Judgment , 61, 70, 76, 98, 245,

247 decontextualisation, decontextualise,

decontextualised , 266–9 deformity, deformed , 121, 134, 135,

137, 138, 145n42, 186, 194, 221n5

Disequilibrium , 18, 138, 147, 165, 185, 186

disfi gurement , 27, 29, 81–92, 116, 133, 138, 142, 269

Disgust , 93, 130, 159, 160, 164, 165 divine Reason , 100, 102 doxa , 236, 268

E Edward Said , 6, 20, 31, 34n37, 278 Emile Habibi , 218 Emily Apter , 22, 36n84, 243, 277,

280n38 Enlightenment , 2, 3, 6, 171, 276, 277 Equilibrium (i ʿtida l) , 14

Eschatology, eschatological , 61, 71n8, 76–7, 83–4, 87, 103n7, 103n15, 229, 230, 240, 244–7, 258n2, 258n13, 259n32

essentialist, essentialised, essentialising, (essentialism) , 3, 21, 240

extremist, extremists , 232, 233, 236, 237, 240

F fabricate, fabrications , 15, 238, 265 Fakhr al-dın al-Razı , 12, 35n60, 60,

76, 103n4, 144n34 fata, futuwwa , 170 f i ṭ rah , 50, 55n5, 73n23 folly , 47, 53, 57n31, 124, 131, 133,

137, 138, 140, 151, 153, 154, 184, 194, 204, 273, 274

Forbidden Tree, the , 96, 99, 107n97, 256

Franz Rosenthal , 145n43, 161, 167n24, 270

Frederic Jameson , 198, 223n29 freedom , 135, 137, 167n22, 185,

259n16, 269–73, 275, 279n16 freethinking , 239, 277 free-will , 17, 88, 96, 270 ‘fusion of horizons’ , 8

G game theory , 182, 190n45

H hadıth , 23, 69 hadıth al-ifk , 110, 249 hadıth, hadıths , 99, 241, 242 Hadıthʿl sa b. Hisham , 218 Hans-Georg Gadamer , 5, 8, 21, 34n44 Hassan b. Thabit , 249, 250, 261n62

302 INDEX

hawa , 50, 93–5, 111, 157, 210 hell , 25, 59–108, 124, 147, 186, 199,

229–63, 269 hereafter , 11, 16, 18, 62, 67, 79, 80,

84, 86, 99, 230, 247 heresy , 234, 235 hija ʾ (invective poetry) , 47 Hikayat Ab?’l Qasim al- Baghdadı , 1,

214, 226n90 hıla, h iyal , 186 Humanism, Islamic , 19, 20 human reason , 64, 100–102, 112,

124–33, 151, 153, 169, 182 humour , 116, 132, 142, 153, 155,

157, 159, 160, 165, 177, 183, 200, 217, 218, 221n8

humq , 57n31, 153–8, 160–65, 196, 204 ‘The Hunchback Cycle’ , 121, 122,

125, 129, 133, 134, 136–8, 141, 147, 154, 165, 183, 186, 271

Husn, ahsan , 12, 13, 17, 21, 22, 24, 27, 28, 43–55, 60, 66, 67, 70, 80, 94, 113, 115, 116, 139, 141, 182, 184, 185, 187, 199, 205, 217, 220, 251, 267

I ibʿad , rejection, banishment, ousting ,

25, 124 Iblıs , 23, 95, 107n95, 202, 253–6 IbnʿAbbas , 24, 25, 117n8 IbnʿAbd Rabbihi , 206, 223n23,

224n67 Ibn al-ʿAmıd , 214, 226n86 Ibn al-Athır , 174 Ibn al-Hajja j , 268, 279n6, 280n27 Ibn al-Jawzı , 49, 169, 176, 189n31 Ibn al-Muʿtazz , 64, 73n20 Ibn al-Qarih , 231, 236, 237, 242,

244, 247–50, 252–6 Ibn al-Rumı , 205, 207 IbnʿArabı , 25, 60

IbnʿAtaʾ al-Iskandarı , 13, 14 Ibn Hazm , 178, 179, 189n37 Ibn Iyas , 175 Ibn Manzur , 23, 24, 174, 221n3 Ibn Qutayba , 69, 70, 73n28 Ibn Rashıq , 206 Ibn Sharaf , 48 ikhtiyâr , 270–72 implied reader , 266 instrumentalisation , 265 interpretive community , 266 irony , 81–85, 134, 136, 157, 165, 231 Islam, Muslims , 1, 2, 4, 6, 11, 20–1,

31, 45, 47, 49, 61, 70, 84, 89, 95, 107n97, 126, 127, 139, 141, 152, 215, 230–43, 252, 257, 265, 267, 268, 270, 273, 275

isrâf , excess , 63, 66, 101, 109

J Jacques Berque , 5 jahannam , 77, 80, 81 jahl , 66, 87, 91, 109, 111, 116, 121,

132, 154, 169, 243 jamal, beauty , 54 Jinn , 95, 160, 163, 253 justice, adl , 11, 17, 154

K khabar , akhbar , anecdotes , 101 Kitab al-ʿAyn , 22, 172 knowledge production, knowledge-

production , 236, 237, 239, 268, 275

L Labıd , 248 The Lady and the Hashsha sh ’ , 142,

147–149, 151, 155, 156, 159, 161, 163, 183, 271, 273, 275

INDEX 303

laghw , 110, 112, 115, 194, 202, 217 lahw , 179, 180 laughter , 134, 160, 164, 165, 273,

274 Lexicography, lexicons , 1, 22–32, 136,

162, 174, 211 Liar Paradox , 195, 221n8, 262n81 Lisan al -Arab , 23, 101, 114, 153,

166n8, 221n3 literary analysis , 10 literary criticism , 8–11, 18, 19, 21, 48,

116, 152, 170, 198, 202, 229, 240, 247, 251, 256, 257, 265, 266, 268, 272, 276–8

literary device , 5 literary technique , 11, 187, 193, 200 literary theory, literary theories , 8, 22,

104n20, 275, 276 literary tools , 10, 149 locus of enunciation , 236 ‘The Lover who Pretended to be a

Thief’ , 129

M madıh (panegyrics) , 47 madness , 124, 161, 194, 196, 204,

207, 274 Majnun, Majnu n Layla , 161 Mahmud al-ʿAqqad , 257, 259n15 maqama t, maqa ma , 1, 10, 19, 30,

174, 177, 187, 193–203, 206–8, 210, 214, 216–21, 222n22, 224n50, 257, 266, 267, 272

Martha Nussbaum , 277 mazdaka , 234, 235 ‘meaning of meaning’ , 91, 92, 125 metaphor , 4, 30, 78, 82, 86, 87,

89–92, 101, 163, 169, 170, 186, 197, 208–14, 219, 223n27, 230, 249, 250, 276

Miguel Asín Palacios , 238 Mikhail Bakhtin , 1, 31

misinterpretation , 247, 265–280 Miskawayh , 271, 279n18 mizan , 11, 18, 54, 64 mızan , balance , 11, 18, 54, 64 moral agent , 71 moral commentary , 135, 137, 142,

158, 165, 274, 275 moral desert , 70, 97, 98 moral diseases , 82, 83 moral failure , 17, 27, 29, 80–83, 86,

88, 91, 98, 99, 121, 125, 135, 137, 138, 141

moral force , 64, 69, 70, 100, 101, 103, 130, 196, 204, 271

moral vocabulary , 10, 11, 32, 276 Muhıṭ al-Muhıṭ , 24 Muh ammad ʿAbduh , 188n20,

189n39, 193, 225n78, 266 Muh ammad al-Muwalihı , 218 Muʿjam al-Taʿrifat , 27 Mujmal al-Lugha , 23 mujun , 1 mukaddı, mukaddın , 194, 195, 197,

198 Muʿtazilite , 78, 107n99, 188n29, 238

N nafs , 50, 93, 94, 107n92 Naguib Mahfouz , 6 najasa , 67, 149, 159, 160, 274 Nasr Hamid Abu-Zayd , 4

O Orientalism , 6 Orientalists , 125, 127, 146n58, 240 the other, othering , 18, 20,22, 24, 29,

47, 54, 60, 66, 68, 70, 78, 84, 100, 101, 110, 137, 151, 154, 164, 169, 170, 200, 208–10, 212, 215, 221n4, 232, 242, 243, 250, 265, 269–75

304 INDEX

P paradise, heaven , 43, 45, 55n3, 60,

62, 76–8, 80, 87,94, 96–9, 103, 109, 110, 117n1, 186, 221n7, 229, 230, 240, 242, 244, 245, 247–56, 261n56, 275

Pharaoh , 26, 27, 59–63, 65, 66, 95 philology , 9, 20, 21, 33n31, 34n49,

277 Pierre Bourdieu , 22, 236, 259n24 pre-Islamic Arabia , 47, 48, 81, 83, 87,

270 prejudice, prejudiced , 2, 8, 9, 20, 21,

31, 90, 91, 94, 127, 265, 268 profane , 1, 2, 10, 16, 31, 156, 164 profanity , 147, 273 propaganda , 268 Prophet Muhammad , 23, 29, 37n97,

249 punishment , 25, 28, 45, 61, 62, 67,

68, 70, 71, 72n8, 75–88, 91, 97, 111, 117n1, 122–6, 141, 142, 153, 154, 159, 163, 165, 176, 183, 185, 186, 199, 241, 252, 254, 256, 269

Q qadar, measure , 54, 64 qubh , qabıh , 19, 48, 59–109, 121,

147, 169, 193, 151, 269 Qur’an

applicatio , 5, 6, 14, 101 and history of reading in Islam , 20 inimitability, i ʿjaz , 4, 12 literary canon , 9, 14, 19, 29 metaphors , 4, 52, 82, 87–89, 91,

101 narrative, qasas , 12, 13, 16, 17, 21,

40, 69, 125 paradigm shift , 3–7, 14

reception , 4, 6, 13, 54, 69, 80 rhetorical device of exemplifi cation ,

82 rupture , 3, 5, 30 the story of Joseph , 11–13, 16, 17,

52, 71, 94 stylistics 4 , 5, 12, 14, 16, 83, 84,

231 translation , 5, 27 The verse of Light , 89–92 worldly text , 6, 7

R rationality, rationalism , 70, 78, 140,

239, 252, 253 reward , 43, 44, 47, 50, 51, 53, 55n2,

70, 71, 75, 76, 80, 97, 100, 123, 129, 186, 252

Reynold A. Nicholson , 237, 257n1 Risalat al-Ghufran, The Epistle of

Forgiveness , 1, 30, 229 rogue, rogues , 170–76, 185, 194, 272 roguery , 1, 171, 172, 175, 176, 272

S sacred , 1–3, 16, 31, 156, 161, 163,

215 Santiago Castro Goméz , 234 Satan , 94–6, 98, 107n96, 253, 254,

275 satire , 198, 200, 204, 207, 217, 218,

220, 234, 235, 242, 244, 247–9 scatology , 147, 268 Scheherazade , 128, 167n27, 186 secular criticism , 31 semantics , 22, 27–9, 43, 53, 60, 61,

65, 66, 98, 100, 102, 109, 114, 116, 199, 202, 235, 243, 252, 271

INDEX 305

semiotics , 22, 30, 112, 114, 167n27, 194, 195, 199, 200, 207, 219, 220, 223n41, 244

Shahriyar , 128, 145n47 shaṭ ara, sha ṭ ir, shuṭ ṭ ar , 170–72, 174,

176, 180, 184–6 Sıbawayh , 245, 246 story, stories , 4, 11–17, 26, 30, 51,

52, 57n24, 57n27, 63, 65, 66, 69–71, 94, 95–99, 121, 123–5, 128–37, 142n2, 145n50, 148, 150, 154, 156, 157, 163, 164, 166n4, 167n27, 169, 170, 174, 176, 179, 180–84, 186, 189n34, 196, 217, 231, 237, 256, 271, 272

storytelling , 15, 36n79, 122, 123, 131, 141, 148, 169, 172, 185, 186

sub-alternisation , 234 Sufi , Sufi sm , 12, 13, 25, 27, 60, 67,

82, 87, 89, 170, 187n5, 270, 279n16

sukhf , 1, 162, 168n30, 268 symbolic power , 236 symbolic violence , 22, 236

T Taʾabata Sharran , 253 Taha Hussein , 4, 33n18, 128, 259n15 Tahir al-Wattar , 6 Taj al- ʿArus , 24 takhyyıl , 77, 78 ‘The Tale of Crafty Dalılah’ , 166, 169 taqbıh al-h asan wa tahsın al-qabıh ,

194, 196, 197, 203, 205–8, 219, 224n59

terrorist, terrorists , 232, 233, 236, 237

Terry Eagleton , 10, 22, 98, 275

‘ Thousand and One Nights , 1, 9, 10, 19, 30, 31, 38n122, 122, 123, 126, 128, 130, 134, 137–9, 144n41, 148, 151, 162, 163, 166n15, 167n27, 169–71, 174–5, 177, 179–81, 183, 186, 189n34, 271

Time/Space , 244–47, 251 transgression , 29, 49, 50, 55, 62, 63,

65–9, 75, 92, 95–103, 109–111, 115, 116, 121, 124, 139, 141, 142, 147, 151–7, 159–162, 164, 165, 169–190, 194, 204, 217, 269, 273, 277

translation , 5, 6, 22, 27, 55n2, 60, 87, 145n46, 154, 189n39,231, 235, 238, 243, 277, 279n18

U Umberto Eco , 157, 167n22, 201 ‘untranslatable’, the , 22, 277 ʿUrwa b, al-Ward, poet , 48

V Virtue, virtues , 7, 20, 25, 43,

47, 48, 50, 57, 71, 75, 112, 115, 117n9, 140, 141, 163, 164, 171, 177, 186, 207, 236

W Walter D. Mignolo , 234 Wolfgang Iser , 266 ‘The Woman with Five Suitors’ , 142,

147, 149, 151, 157, 163, 183, 272

World literature , 1, 6, 19, 22, 33n33, 147, 277

306 INDEX

Z zabaniyya , 81, 254, 256 zandaqa , 235 Zaqqum, the tree of , 81–4 ‘zero-point’ , 234 zına, adornment , 54

Zuhayr, pre-Islamic poet , 48, 117n2, 252

zulm , 19, 50, 79, 92, 154, 157 zulm al-nafs (self-harm, self-injury) ,

47, 50, 154