AVOIDING VEHICLE ACCIDENTSUSING MEMS ACCELEROMETER

Syambabu Vadlamudi1, B.Chinna Rao2,1,2Department of Electronics and Communication

Engineering MLR Institute of Technology,Hyderabad, India.

1syam.vadlamudi@gmail.com

July 23, 2018

Abstract

In this paper, mainly identifying the vehicle accidentsusing Wireless system using the GPS tracking system andMEMS accelerometeris developed for accidental monitor-ing. To implement this ,The system mainly consists thehard ware kit like the components are an accelerometer,Raspberrypi, for tracking purpose using the GPS device,Ultrasonic sensors and GSM module. For monitoring thevehicle accidents, this connection less system using MEMSaccelrrometer and Global Position System for tracking andit will send information through mobile phone message in-dicating the accident occurance position of vehicle by GPStracking system to family members and nearest hospital.The threshold algorithm and speed of the vehicle are usedto determine accident occurance of real-time. The presentsystem is compact and easy to install under riders seat. Thesystem has been tested earlier in real applications using bi-cycles and now it tended its application towards light andheavy weight vehicles. The test results explains that it candetect tilting, vibration and normal ride with high accuracy.

Key Words:Rasberry pi, GPS, GSM, Aceelerometer,Vibration Sensor, Ultrasonic Sensor.

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1 Introduction

The accidents occurring of vehicles is a major identifying problemin many areas, neglecting the awareness programs and do not fol-low the rules and regulations of road safety , the problem is stillincreasing. These road accidents occurs mainly due to the ridersbehaviour nothing but speed driving, driving with insufficient sleepand driving the vehicles in drunk state, etc. The numbers of acci-dent cases like death and disabilities are very high because of lateassistance to people who met with an accident or no fastest treat-ment provided to them. To reduce the occurrence of such type ofaccidents, people need to maintain a good safety system. How-ever, good safety device for reducing the accidents to the vehicleis difficult to implement, very expensive to afford and complex.Alternatively, following the intelligence schemes such as accidentoccurance place detection of fall or tilt or vibrations with track-ing system have also recently been devised to identify the accidentto related the people so that fastest assistance can reach accidentplace and who got the accident, this helps to reduce the amount ofsufferings. Wireless system using MEMS accelerometer and GPStracking system is developed for monitoring the accidents. Thiswireless device will send message to the mobile phone to indicatingthe position of vehicle by GPS system to their family members,emergency medical service (EMS) and nearest hospital as an alertof accident occurrence, so that they can be assisted for treatment.

2 System Overview

The system in Fig1 consists of components like Vehicle, GPS deviceand GSM module. The MEMS Accelerometer which is installedinside the vehicle is used for fall detection or tilt, based on speed ofvehicle and threshold algorithm indicating an accident in real-time.

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Figure 1. System overview

Mobile short message containing position tracked from GPS (lati-tude, longitude) will be sent to the mobile using GSM when vehicleaccident is detected. The System module shown in fig.1 is aimedto be installed under the vehicle seat.

3 Existing System

In existing System1.Before we dont have GSM and GPS modules used for assistance.[4]2.No message for alert.[1]3.Only tracks the location of vehicle.[2]4. When accident will be occurred and where it occurs .[3]5. No Rescue Operation Instantly.[6]6.Before we have FPGA which could not have complex on boarddevices.7.Earlier system uses IR sensors which could only detect obstaclesin the surroundings.

4 Proposed System

The proposed system has the following specifications as shown inFig2:1. Raspberry-pi The Raspberry Pi is a complex and low cost, small

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single board computer, less I the size of the device is like creditcard sized computer thats plug connecting into the computer ortelevision, using computer monitor, keyboard and mouse. It is ca-pable to device that enables people to explore computing and learn,understand computer programming in python language .Rasberrypi just works like an desktop computer that has ability to browsethrough internet.

Figure 2. Block diagram

2. MEMS Accelerometer This is the mechanical system to distin-guish the incident will be happen, at whatever point the accidentwill be happen it will recognized and send that flag to controllerboard. It is the principle favorable position to keep the mishap.Mems used to measure changes in vibration, inclination and accel-eration, all these are done with the use of microsized devices calledgyroscopes and accelerometers.3. GPS Detection GPS is a navigation device that receives informa-tion from GPS satellites, then calculates the geographical positionof a device. At the point when the setback will be happen theGPS collector will get the comparing direction degrees and secondsqualities in light of that values we must recognize the relating andprecise incident spots through Google maps and we will achieve iton[6].

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4. SMS Operation At the point the accident will be happen theGPS get the direction qualities like latitude and longitude values,it will be sent through SMS to the saved mobile number .5. An Ultrasonic sensor is a device that can measure the distance toan object by using sound waves. It measures distance from the timespan taken for a wave to reflect back by sending the sound wavesof specific frequency to the objects. The sensor is provided with2 openings on the front, one for transmitting the waves( tiny mi-crophone) and other for receiving the reflected waves(tiny speaker).The ultrasonic sensor is connected to a buzzer that turns on by thesurrounding objects.

5 Results

This type of device arrangement may be tested with a limited num-ber of situations of accidents. This scenarios of fall or accidentof vehicles are mainly divided as two groups including the fall bythemselves and crash by other objects .The unusual accelerationand tilting of vehicles is detected using vibration sensor which in-dicates that vehicle is out of control and could have suffered anaccident, which is analyzed by raspberry pi crossed its thresholdvalues. At this instant, GPS is activated by the processor and loca-tion is traced based on nearest satellite, a short message containingthe location of vehicle is sent to the family members and emergencyservice for help to be provided.

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Figure 3. Hardware connection

The components of the system are connected as shown in fig3 andare then programmed in software using python using raspberry pi.

Figure 4. MEMS Detected

Vehicle fall in any direction due to any improper driving is detectedusing the Mems sensor used in the system.Fig 4 shows the case ofmems detected and trace the location by latitude ,longitude valuesand send sms through way 2 sms to predefined number.

Figure 5. Vibration detected

Tliting or vibration occured in vehicle which may lead to an acci-dent is detected using vibration sensor used in the system. Fig 5shows the vibration detected, activating the GPS to get the location

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of vehicle and sending message through way 2 sms to the predefinednumber. Ultrasonic sensor in this system is used to measures thedistance of objects, avoid collision with other vehicles or obstacles.If any objects nearer to the vehicle they are detected, buzzer will beon. So it will help driver to change the direction. The mobile num-ber of the family member or emergency service should be includedin the software programming in order to receive the accident loca-tion values. Whenever sensors are high ,activates the GPS to tracethe location and sent through sms to family and medical services.Motor stops automatically when mems is detected. one switch isprovided to send a message show in fig 6 we are safe, when thereis no serious injury happen. Due to this we can save the valuabletime of emergency.

Figure 6. Sending sms

6 Conclusion

In a critical situation many vehicles faces accident, due to this lotof person lost their lives. Some people can be saved at that time,but because of lack of information, time and place it may not bepossible. Using this concept the accident happened can be detectedwith the help of GPS and GSM systems. The victim can be admit-ted in the hospital by the ambulance section as soon as possible bycontrolling the traffic signals. Therefore this concept can provide

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road safety hence its creates a safe driving for the driver and givesecurity for the life and property of the public.

References

[1] Watthanawisuth, N. Wireless black box using MEMS ac-celerometer and GPS tracking for accidental monitoring of ve-hicles, IEEE conference in Jan, 2012

[2] Hoang Dat Pham, Development of vehicle tracking system us-ing GPS and GSM modem IEEE conference in Dec,2013

[3] Shuming Tang, Traffic-incident detection-algorithm based onnonparametric regression IEEE conference in March,2005

[4] Fogue, M. Automatic Accident Detection: Assistance ThroughCommunication Technologies and Vehicles, IEEE conference inAugust, 2012

[5] Purushotham.N,Madhan Kumar.J Wireless black box usingmems accelerometer and gps tracking for acceidental monitor-ing of vehicles International Journal of Scientific Engineeringand Technology Research, march 2014

[6] Saritha I G, Sowmyashree M S, Thejaswini S, Prathiba.NWireless black box using mems technology for accident preven-tion International Journal of Innovation Research in Computerand Communication Engineering, June 2015

[7] B.THULASI, A.M.GUNA SEKHARWireless black box usingmems accelerometer and gps tracking for unitened monitor-ing of vehicles International Journal of Innovative technologies,August 2016

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