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HadronPhysicsHorizon Kick-off Meeting, 25-27 March, Bochum H.O.
WP
32 -
SiP
M20
20HadronPhysicsHorizon
JRA
Avalanche Micro-Pixel Photo Sensorsand
Digitalization of front-end signals
„SiPM2020“
Spokesperson: Herbert Orth, HIM Mainz, Germany
HadronPhysicsHorizon Kick-off Meeting, 25-27 March, Bochum H.O.
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SiP
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20
•matrix of avalanche photo diodes (SPAD) operated in Geiger-mode •characteristics of a high gain photon sensor•many advantages over PMT •replaces PMT in many applications•many new developments very recently (TSV-technique, metal resistors, slicing )•at threshold to enter the consumer product market as robust light sensor?
Silicon Multiplier (SiPM)
Present challenges in Hadron Physics•Radiation hardness•Intrinsic digitalization (electronics on same Si-substrate) •Cell recovery•Single photon time resolution (< 50 ps)•Linearity and dynamic range (1:105)•high yield production process•PDE larger 50%•UV photons•Temperature stability (compensation techniques)•Noise, crosstalk, afterpulsing
HadronPhysicsHorizon Kick-off Meeting, 25-27 March, Bochum H.O.
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32 -
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M20
20• MEPhI/Pulsar (Moscow) - Dolgoshein • CPTA (Moscow) - Golovin • Mikron (Moscow) - Sadygov
now Zecotek (Singapore) -• Amplification Technologies (Orlando) • Hamamatsu Photonics (Hamamatsu, Japan) • SensL(Cork, Ireland) • AdvanSiD (former FBK-irst Trento, Italy) • STMicroelectronics (Italy) • KETEK (Munich) • RMD (Boston, USA) • ExcelitasTechnologies (former
PerkinElmer) • MPI Semiconductor Laboratory (Munich) • Novel Device Laboratory (Beijing, China) • Philips (Netherlands)
Every producer uses his own label for this type of device:
MRS APD, G-APD, MAPD, SiPM, SSPM, MPPC, SPM, DAPD, PPD, SiMPl , dSiPM
What is available?
Prices: about 2 €/ mm2 which is 50 times lower than in 2008
JRA participation ‘green’
HadronPhysicsHorizon Kick-off Meeting, 25-27 March, Bochum H.O.
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20dSIPM
Array of SPADs integrated in a standard CMOS process. Photons are detected and counted as digital signals using a dedicated cell electronics unit next to each diode. This unit also contains active quenching and rechargs circuits, one bit memory for the selctive inhibit of detector cells. A trigger network is used to propagate the trigger signal from all cells to the TDC
dSiPM prototype from Philips
HadronPhysicsHorizon Kick-off Meeting, 25-27 March, Bochum H.O.
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SiP
M20
20Objectives
1. Ultrafast ToF scintillation detector using SiPM
1. Cherenkov radiation and extending UV-sensitivity of SiPM
1. High dynamic range calorimetry with SiPM
1. Radiation resilience
2. Dedicated SiPM electronics for large scale applications
Timing ∼50 ps, low area density < 1g/cm2, large area, 3d-shape
PDE (λ=250 - 400 nm) 30-40 %, timing, dual readout
1012- 1014 n/cm2, pinpointing and characterizing radiation damage
Theoretical model for ASIC optimization, new designs, perfomance studies
PANDA EMC with SiPM, 3d-positron tomography, shashlyk readout
HadronPhysicsHorizon Kick-off Meeting, 25-27 March, Bochum H.O.
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SiP
M20
20Participants to SiPM2020
HadronPhysicsHorizon Kick-off Meeting, 25-27 March, Bochum H.O.
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20Other involved Institutions to SiPM2020
HadronPhysicsHorizon Kick-off Meeting, 25-27 March, Bochum H.O.
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1 Start building a demonstrator of scintillation tile hodoscopeSciTil
2 Scintillator materials procured St.Gobain, Eljen, Amcrys-H, JINR, Novosibirsk
Workplan for task #1 Ultrafast ToF scintillation detector using SiPM
Milestones: (SMI, JU, FZU, GSI, JINR)
Design of ultra-fast scintillation detectors using the silicon multiplier
Quad module of scintillating tiles with ASIC
5 cm
Quad module of scintillating rods with Coax
40 cm
HadronPhysicsHorizon Kick-off Meeting, 25-27 March, Bochum H.O.
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3 Cherenkov test box ready 4 Sensors with enhanced UV ready from FBK, KETEK
5 Report on dual readout of scintillating radiator, Cherenkov light versus scintillator light
Workplan for task #2Cherenkov radiation and extending UV-sensitivity of
SiPM
Milestones: (SMI, CUNI, FAU, GSI, FBK, KETEK)
Laboratory laser measurements, Cherenkov radiator
Extended UV-sensitivity of silicon multipliers for Cherenkov radiation
HadronPhysicsHorizon Kick-off Meeting, 25-27 March, Bochum H.O.
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6 Report on measurement with a prototype crystal using the Philips TEK 7 Demonstrator for PbWO readout with SiPM
Workplan for task #3 High dynamic range calorimetry
Milestones: (JLU, GSI, Philips, KETEK, JINR)
Philips 16 channel dSIPM KETEK 4 Channel SiPM PbWO Crystal
20 cm3 cm
Shashlyk
R&D on the optical readout of PbWO scintillator crystals with silicon multipliers
HadronPhysicsHorizon Kick-off Meeting, 25-27 March, Bochum H.O.
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8 Irradiation set-up available 9 Neutron irradiation experiments performed
Workplan for task #4Radiation resilience
Milestones: (all participants)
Systematic study of radiation hardness for different sensor types
Present observations:Problem with deteriorations occur for fluences above 1012 p/cm2
HadronPhysicsHorizon Kick-off Meeting, 25-27 March, Bochum H.O.
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20 Fatal SiPM damage (sensor dead)Dark current and dark count increase (Si)Change of gain and PDE vs.voltageBreakdown voltage change
Radiation damage
Severe problem! Roadmap towards improvement is to disentangle the sources of device failure
Yu. Musienko, 2012
HadronPhysicsHorizon Kick-off Meeting, 25-27 March, Bochum H.O.
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10 Reports on custom made electronics with user manual11 Report of evaluation results (ToFPET + KETEK)12 Report on SiPM model
Milestones: (POLI-BA, INFN-Pisa, GSI, CUNY, JU, IFIN-HH)
Workplan for Task #5Dedicated SiPM electronics for large scale applications
Detailed tests of the TOF-PET ASIC in conjunction with different silicon multipliers Effective and robust model of the silicon multiplier coupled to readout electronics
M.D.Rolo, TOFPET ASIC for PET-applications; JINST 8 C02050
HadronPhysicsHorizon Kick-off Meeting, 25-27 March, Bochum H.O.
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20Deliverables
HadronPhysicsHorizon Kick-off Meeting, 25-27 March, Bochum H.O.
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20EC requested costs
7,5 Person-Years GSI/HIM consumables include the support for other participants (non-industrial)
SME ? Small and medium size enterprise
HadronPhysicsHorizon Kick-off Meeting, 25-27 March, Bochum H.O.
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20Summary
This JRA will investigate and further develop the unique capabilities of Silicon Multipliers.
The digital SiPM is on the ‚Horizon‘.
Microscopic understanding of the effects of ionizing radiation on the SiPM is vital.
Development of integrated electronics is driven by medical applications.
Direct contact to producers is mendatory for further progress.Deliverables will foster the:
Advancement of SiPM properties leading to new detector concepts and applications for Hadron Physics
HadronPhysicsHorizon Kick-off Meeting, 25-27 March, Bochum H.O.
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20Summary of milestones
HadronPhysicsHorizon Kick-off Meeting, 25-27 March, Bochum H.O.
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20B-ASIC: 8-channel FE ASIC for SiPM
Current mode approach
High BW (250MHz) and low Zin~17Ω
High dynamic range: max 70pC
Low noise: ~0.3 SiPM cell
Non linearity < 1%
Programmable Gain, 3 ranges: 1V/pC, 0.5V/pC , 0.33 V/pC
Vref adjust → allow Vbias and Temperature control
Fast signal discrimination (programmable threshold)
Self-trigger: OR of the 8 fast signals
Time resolution on fast OR output ~ 650ps (worst, not RMS)
INFN and Politecnico Bari
HadronPhysicsHorizon Kick-off Meeting, 25-27 March, Bochum H.O.
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Development of front-end ASIC for Tiles based on the BASIC design (with reversed polarity)
1) B-ASIC chip 8 → 32 channels (+ channel mask)
2) fast ADC implementation on chip
3) control scheme for temperature dependence of SiPM signal
4) additional timing information
5) migration of ASIC design to more up to date CMOS or SiGe technologies → larger transconductance / lower power consump.
Possible Developments for the future
Leadings institution: POLI-BA, INFN Pisa, FBK-irst, GSI, SMI,