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Commercially, chip budding is done to make a small amount of material go a long way and because you get a higher success rate than from cuttings. Home gardeners chip bud because some plants are extremely difficult to grow from cuttings or because they want to swap one variety over to another in the garden, such as a named variety of avocado on to an avocado grown from a seed. The third reason is that the desired variety isn’t commercially available. As in T-budding, match the root stock to the bud, as in apples to apples, magnolias to magnolias.
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www.taranakidailynews.co.nz Friday, March 5, 2010 TARANAKI DAILY NEWS 13
GARDENING www.taranakidailynews.co.nz
Autumn chip budding: a step-by-step guidewith Abbie and Mark Jury
Commercially, chip budding is done to make a small amount of material go a long wayand because you get a higher success rate than from cuttings. Home gardeners chp budbecause some plants are extremely difficult to grow from cuttings or because they wantto swap one variety over to another in the garden, such as a named variety of avocadoon to an avocado grown from a seed. The third reason is that the desired variety isn’tcommercially available. As in T-budding, match the root stock to the bud, as in applesto apples, magnolias to magnolias.
Photos: CAMERON BURNELL
1It is more micro-surgery this week with chip budding. In the last OutdoorClassroom, we showed T-budding, which is often more successful for thehome gardener but it is more time-sensitive. Chip budding can be done in
both early spring (late October through November) and in autumn (lateFebruary to early April). Grafting uses a longer cutting and is done in winter.We are showing chip budding on a magnolia, but it is widely used on maplesand a whole range of woody trees and shrubs. Using fresh green growth fromthis season, select a healthy looking leaf bud, which is where the leaf isattached to the stem. 2Take off the leaf very close to its base. In our experience, it does not
matter if the leaf is snapped or cut off, but make sure that the bud itselfis undamaged.
3Using a verysharp knife,cut the leaf
bud with a smallsliver of stemattached. One ofthe skills of chipbudding ismatching thebud to the rootstock. Do nottry to attach alarge bud tovery thin rootstock.
4Make a singledownward cutin the root
stock, slicing justinto the cambiumlayer, which liesimmediatelybehind the bark.The cut will makea slivered flap.
5Holding out theflap with yourknife, slide in the
bud to the cut, makingsure there is goodcontact between theback of the bud and theexposed area. Goodbudders match thesizes very closely. Trimthe flap back by twothirds, leaving thebottom third to holdthe bud in place.
6Starting from belowthe bud, tie it to thestem to keep it in
place and to keep outmoisture. Wrap firmly,leaving just the tip ofthe bud open to theair. As we showed lasttime, we usecommercial plasticties, but you can cutyour own fromplastic bags. Alwaysput dry buds on todry stock. Do nottry buddingimmediately afterrain or before dewhas dried.
7Leave the tie inplace until midwinter when, if it
has taken successfully,the bud will be firm, notsoft or rotten. At thistime, remove the tieand cut back all theroot stock top to thelevel of the bud. Thisis an example of aplant budded lastspring that hasbeen headed back.The fresh growth isthe successfulbud. Springbudding uses thesame technique.However, youhave to beorganised andgather thebudwood in mid-winter, when it isdormant, storing itin a fridge. Springbuds grow quicklyand you can headback after about twomonths, allowing thefreshly budded plantto grow away oversummer.
Angelica gigasBeing on a train of thought about feeding thebutterflies and the bees, I could not pass by thepurple flower heads of Angelica gigas, whichare rarely seen without the nectar feeders thisweek. In fact, the whole bush is fair humming.This is an ornamental angelica (the edible oneis Angelica archangelica) and originates in theareas of Korea, Japan and northern China. It isbiennial, which means it flowers in its secondyear, sets seed and dies. Observant readers willnot be surprised to find that it belongs to thecarrot family, or apiaceae. Apparently it cangrow up to two metres, but our plants sit with
flower heads closer to 150 centimetres. At thissize, it does not quite fit in with carpet beddingplants, but it is splendid in herbaceous andmixed borders. If you don’t garden withglyphosate, angelica should seed down easily.But to be sure, gather at least one seed head andgerminate in controlled conditions. There isnothing particularly rare or choice about thisplant, though we understand this form is arecent collection, but it is a charming additionto the late-summer garden.
– Abbie Jury
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