Autodesk Inventor Pro 9 Stress Analysis[1]. Getting Started

8/8/2019 Autodesk Inventor Pro 9 Stress Analysis[1]. Getting Started

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Getting StarteAutodesk Inventor Professional 9 Stress Analys


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Contents

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

About Autodesk Inventor Professional . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Learning Autodesk Inventor Professional. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Using Help. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Chapter 1 Getting Started With Stress Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Using Stress Analysis Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Understanding the Value of Stress Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Understanding How Stress Analysis Works . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Analysis Assumptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Interpreting Results of Stress Analysis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Chapter 2 Analyzing Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Working in the Stress Analysis Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Running Stress Analysis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Verifying Material . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Applying Loads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Applying Constraints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Setting Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Setting Solution Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Obtaining Solutions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Running Modal Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Chapter 3 Viewing Results. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Using Results Visualization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Editing the Color Bar. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
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Reading Stress Analysis Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29

Interpreting Results Contours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29

Setting Results Display Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30

Chapter 4 Revising Models and Stress Analyses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

Changing Model Geometry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32Changing Solution Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33

Updating Results of Stress Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35

Chapter 5 Generating Reports. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

Running Reports. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38

Interpreting Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38

Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38

Scenario. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38

Appendices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39Saving and Distributing Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40

Saving Reports. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40

Printing Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40

Distributing Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40

Chapter 6 Managing Stress Analysis Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

Creating and Using Analysis Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42

Understanding File Relationships. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42

Repairing Disassociated Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43

Copying Geometry Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43

Resolving File Link Failures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43

Creating New Analysis Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44

Exporting Analysis Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45

Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
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In This Chapter

Introduction

Autodesk Inventor Professional software provides a

combination of industry-specific tools that extend the

capabilities of Autodesk Inventor for completing

complex machinery and other product designs.

This chapter provides basic information to help you get

started using Autodesk Inventor Professional Stress

Analysis.

Subsequent chapters provide descriptions of the

Autodesk Inventor Professional work features and

functionality.

Introduction

Learning Autodesk Invent

Professional

Using Help


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2

About Autodesk Inventor Professional

Built on the Autodesk Inventor application, Autodesk Inventor Professional

includes several different modules. The module included in this manual is

Stress Analysis. It provides functionality for stressing and analyzing

mechanical product designs.

This manual provides basic conceptual information to help get you started

and specific examples that introduce you to the capabilities of Autodesk

Inventor Professional stress analysis.

Learning Autodesk Inventor Professional

It is assumed that you have a working knowledge of the Autodesk Inventor

interface and tools. If you do not, use the integrated Design Support System

(DSS) for access to online documentation and tutorials, and complete the

exercises in the Autodesk Inventor Getting Started manual.

At a minimum, it is recommended that you understand how to:

Use the assembly, part modeling, and sketch environments and browsers.

Edit a component in place.

Create, constrain, and manipulate work points and work features.

Set color styles.

It is also recommended that you have a working knowledge of Microsoft

Windows NT 4.0, Windows 2000, or Windows XP, and a working

knowledge of concepts for stressing and analyzing mechanical assembly

designs.

Using Help

As you work, you may need additional information about the task you are

performing. The Autodesk Inventor Professional Help system provides

detailed concepts, procedures, and reference information about every feature

in the Autodesk Inventor Professional modules as well as the standardAutodesk Inventor features.


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To access the Help system, use one of the following methods:

Select Help Topics Autodesk Inventor Professional Help from the

standard toolbar, and then click the link to the needed application.

Press F1 for Help with the active operation.

In any dialog box, click the ? icon.

In the graphics window, right-click, and then click How To. The How To

topic for the current tool is displayed.

For help on a specific module, scroll to the Autodesk Inventor Professional

section at the bottom of the home page for Autodesk Inventor Help, and

then click the link to the module of interest.

You can also select options on the main Help home page or click a Helpoption on the right side of the standard toolbar.

For information about new functionality in the most recent release, in Help

click the Whats New in Autodesk Inventor Professional link, and then

click the subject and feature you want to learn about.


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1In This Chapter

Getting Started With

Stress Analysis

Autodesk Inventor Professional Stress Analysis is an

add-on to the Autodesk Inventor part and sheet metal

environments. It provides the capability to analyze the

stress and frequency responses of mechanical part

designs.

This chapter provides basic information about the stress

analysis environment and the workflow processes

necessary to analyze loads and constraints placed on

a part.

Introduction

Why analyze for stress

What is stress analysis


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Using Stress Analysis Tools

Autodesk Inventor Professional Stress Analysis provides tools for

determining structural design performance directly on your Autodesk

Inventor model. AIP Stress Analysis includes tools to place loads and

constraints on a part and calculate the resulting stress, deformation, safetyfactor, and resonant frequency modes.

Enter the stress analysis environment in Autodesk Inventor with an active

part.

With the stress analysis tools you can:

Perform a stress or frequency analysis of a part.

Apply a force, pressure, bearing, moment, or body load to vertices, faces,

or edges of the part.

Apply fixed or non-zero displacement constraints to the model. Evaluate the impact of multiple parametric design changes.

View the analysis results in terms of equivalent stress, deformation, safety

factor, or resonant frequency modes.

Add features such as gussets, fillets or ribs, re-evaluate the design, and

update the solution.

Generate a complete and automatic engineering design report that can be

saved to HTML format.


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7

Understanding the Value of Stress Analysis

Performing an analysis of a mechanical part in the design phase can help you

bring a better product to market in less time. AIP Stress Analysis helps you:

Determine if the part is strong enough to withstand expected loads orvibrations without breaking or deforming inappropriately.

Gain valuable insight at an early stage when the cost of redesign is small.

Determine if the part can be redesigned in a more cost-effective manner

and still perform satisfactorily under expected use.

Stress analysis, for this discussion, is a tool to better understand how a design

will perform under certain conditions. It might take a highly trained

specialist a great deal of time performing what is often called a detailed

analysis to obtain an exactanswer with regard to reality. What is often as

useful to help predict and improve a design is the trending and behavioral

information obtained from a basicor fundamental analysis. Performing this

basic analysis early in the design phase can substantially improve the overall

engineering process.

Here is an example of stress analysis use: When designing bracketry or single

piece weldments, the deformation of your part may greatly affect the

alignment of critical components causing forces that induce accelerated

wear. When evaluating vibration effects, geometry plays a critical role in the

resonant frequency of a part. Avoiding or, in some cases, targeting critical

resonant frequencies literally is the difference between part failure and

expected part performance.

For any analysis, detailed or fundamental, it is vital to keep in mind the

nature of approximations, study the results, and test the final design. Proper

use of stress analysis greatly reduces the number of physical tests required.

You can experiment on a wider variety of design options and improve the

end product.

To learn more about the capabilities of AIP Stress Analysis, view online

demonstrations and tutorials, or see how to run analysis on Autodesk

Inventor assemblies, visit http://www.ansys.com/autodesk .


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8

Understanding How Stress Analysis Works

Stress analysis is done using a mathematical representation of a physical

system composed of:

A part (model). Material properties.

Applicable boundary conditions, referred to as preprocessing.

The solution of that mathematical representation (solving).

To find a solution, the part is divided into a number of smaller elements.

The solver adds up the individual behaviors of each element to predict the

behavior of the entire physical system.

The study of results of that solution, referred to as post-processing.

Analysis AssumptionsThe stress analysis provided by Autodesk Inventor Professional is appropriate

only for linear material properties where the stress is directly proportional to

the strain in the material (meaning no permanent yielding of the material).

Linear behavior results when the slope of the material stress-strain curve in

the elastic region (measured as the Modulus of Elasticity) is constant.

The total deformation is assumed to be small in comparison to the part

thickness. For example, if studying the deflection of a beam, the calculated

displacement must be significantly less than the minimum cross-section of

the beam.

The results are temperature-independent. The temperature is assumed not to

affect the material properties.

The CAD representation of the physical model is broken down into small

pieces (think of a 3D puzzle). This process is called meshing. The higher the

quality of the mesh (collection of elements), the better the mathematical

representation of the physical model. By combining the behaviors of each

element using simultaneous equations, you can predict the behavior of

shapes that would otherwise not be understood using basic closed form

calculations found in typical engineering handbooks.


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Interpreting Results of Stress Analysis

The output of a mathematical solver is generally a very substantial quantity

of raw data. This quantity of raw data would normally be difficult and

tedious to interpret without the data sorting and graphical representation

traditionally referred to as post-processing. Post-processing is used to creategraphical displays that show the distribution of stresses, deformations, and

other aspects of the model. Interpretation of these post-processed results is

the key to identifying:

Areas of potential concern as in weak areas in a model.

Areas of material waste as in areas of the model bearing little or no load.

Valuable information about other model performance characteristics,

such as vibration, that otherwise would not be known until a physical

model is built and tested (prototyped).

The results interpretation phase is where the most critical thinking must takeplace. You compare the results (such as the numbers versus color contours,

movements) with what is expected. It is up to you to determine if the results

make sense, and to explain the results based on engineering principles. If the

results are other than expected, you must evaluate the analysis conditions

and determine what is causing the discrepancy.

Equivalent Stress

Three dimensional stresses and strains build up in many directions. A

common way to express these multidirectional stresses is to summarize them

into an Equivalent stress, also known as the von-Mises stress. A three-

dimensional solid has six stress components. If material properties are foundexperimentally by a uniaxial stress test, then the real stress system is related

to this by combining the six stress components to a single equivalent stress.

Deformation

Deformation is the amount of stretching that an object undergoes due to the

loading. Use the deformation results to determine where and how much a

part will bend, and how much force is required to make it bend a particular

distance.


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Safety Factor

All objects have a stress limit depending on the material used, which is

referred to as material yield. If steel has a yield limit of 40,000 psi, any stresses

above this limit result in some form of permanent deformation. If a design is

not supposed to permanently deform by going beyond yield (most cases),

then the maximum allowable stress in this case is 40,000 psi.

A factor of safety can be calculated as the ratio of the maximum allowable

stress to the equivalent stress (von-Mises) and must be over 1 for the design

to be acceptable. (Below 1 means there will be some permanent

deformation.)

Factor of safety results immediately point out areas of potential yield, where

equivalent stress results always show red in the highest area of stress,

regardless of how high or low the value. Since a factor of safety of 1 means

the material is essentially at yield, most designers strive for a safety factor of

between 2 to 4 based on the highest expected load scenario. Unless the

maximum expected load is frequently repeated, the fact that some areas ofthe design go into yield does not always mean the part will fail. Repeated

high load mayresult in a fatigue failure, which is not simulated by AIP Stress

Analysis. Always, use engineering principles to evaluate the situation.

Frequency Modes

Vibration analysis is used to test a model for:

Its natural resonant frequencies (for example, a rattling muffler during

idle conditions, or other failures)

Random vibrations

Shock

Impact

Each of these incidences may act on the natural frequency of the model,

which, in turn, may cause resonance and subsequent failure. The mode

shape is the displacement shape that the model adopts when it is excited at

a resonant frequency.


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2In This Chapter

Analyzing Models

Once your model is defined, define the loads and

constraints for the condition you want to test, and then

perform an analysis of the model. Use the stress analysis

environment to completely prepare your model for

analysis, and then run the analysis.

This chapter tells you how to define loads, constraints,

and parameters, and run your analysis.

Stress analysis environme

Stress analysis interface

Preparing models for anal

Running analyses


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Working in the Stress Analysis Environment

Use the stress analysis environment to analyze your part design and evaluate

different options quickly. You can analyze a part model under different

conditions using various materials, loads, and constraints (or boundary

conditions), and then view the results. You have a choice of performing astress analysis, or a resonant frequency analysis with associated mode shapes.

After viewing and evaluating the results, you can make changes to your

model and rerun the analysis to see what effect your changes produced.

You can perform an analysis from the part or sheet metal environments.

To enter the stress analysis environment

1 Start with the part or sheet metal environment active.

2 At the top of the Features panel bar, Select Stress Analysis from the drop-

down menu.

Stress analysis tools are added to the standard toolbar, and some part model-

ing tools are removed from the toolbar. Stress analysis tools are displayed in

the panel bar, and the stress analysis browser is displayed.

Stress Analysis toolsStress Analysis panel bar

Stress Analysis browser


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Loads and constraints are listed under Loads & Constraints in the browser. If

you right-click a load or constraint in the browser, you can:

Edit the item. The dialog box for that item opens so that you can make

changes.

Delete the item.

To rename an item in the browser, click it, enter a new name, and then press

ENTER.

Running Stress Analysis

Once you build or load a part, you can run an analysis to evaluate it for its

intended use. You can perform either a stress analysis or a resonant frequency

analysis of your part under defined conditions. Use the same workflow steps

in either analysis.

The following are the basic steps to perform a stress or resonant frequency

analysis on a part design.

Workflow overview: Perform a typical analysis

1 Enter the stress analysis environment.

2 Verify that the material used for the part is suitable, or select one.

3 In the stress analysis panel bar, select the type of load you want to apply. The

choices are Force, Pressure, Bearing Load, Moment, Body Load or Fixed

Constraint.

4 On the model, select the faces, edges, or vertices where you want to apply theload.

5 Enter the load parameters (for example, in the Force dialog box, enter the

magnitude and direction). Numerical parameters can be entered as numbers

or equations that contain user-defined parameters.

6 Repeat steps 3 through 5 for each load on the part.

7 Apply constraints to the model.

8 Change stress analysis environment settings as needed.

9 Modify or add parameters as needed.

10 Start the analysis.

11 View the results.

12 Change the model and reanalyze it until you simulate the appropriate

behavior.


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Verifying Material

The first step is to verify that your model material is appropriate for stress

analysis. When you select Stress Analysis, Autodesk Inventor checks the

material defined for your part. If the material is suitable, it is listed in the

stress analysis browser. If it is not suitable, a dialog box is displayed so that

you can select a new material.

You can cancel this dialog box and continue setting up your stress analysis.

However, when you attempt a stress analysis update, this dialog box is

displayed so you can select a valid material before running the analysis.

If the yield strength is zero, you can perform the analysis, but the Safety

Factor calculation and display are unavailable.

If the density is zero, you can perform a stress analysis, but cannot do a

resonant frequency (modal) analysis.

Once you select a suitable material, click OK.

Applying Loads

The first step in preparing your model for analysis is applying one or moreloads to the model.


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Workflow overview: Apply loads for analysis

1 Select the type of load you want to apply.

2 Select the geometry of the model where the load will be applied.

3 Enter the required information for that load.

You can apply as many loads as you need. As you apply them, the loads arelisted in the browser under Loads & Constraints. Once you define a load, you

can edit it by right-clicking it, and then selecting Edit from the menu.

To select and apply a load

1 In the stress analysis environment, choose a load from the list in the Stress

Analysis panel bar.

2 For this example, we use Force as the load. After you select Force, you define

the force in the Force dialog box.

3 Click faces, edges, or vertices on the part to select them. Use Ctrl-click to

remove a feature from the selection set. Once you select an initial feature,

your selection is limited to features of the same type (only faces, only edges,

only vertices). The location arrow turns white.


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1

4 Click the direction arrow to set the direction of the force. You can set the

direction normal to a face or work plane, or along an edge or work axis.

When the force location is a single face, the direction is automatically set to

the normal of the face, with the force pointing to the outside of the part

5 To reverse the direction of the force, click the Flip Direction button.

6 Enter the magnitude of the force. To specify the force components, click the

More button to expand the dialog box, and then select the check box for Use

Components. Enter either a numerical force value or an equation using

defined parameters. The default value is 100 in the unit system defined for

the part.

7 Click OK. An arrow is displayed on the model indicating the direction andlocation of the force.


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You follow a similar procedure for each of the different load types.

This table summarizes information about each load type:

Applying Constraints

After you define your loads, you must specify the constraints on the

geometry of the part. You can apply as many constraints as you need. The

defined constraints are listed in the browser under Loads & Constraints. After

you define a constraint, you can edit it by right-clicking it, and then selecting

Edit from the menu.

Load Load-Specific Information

Force Force can be applied to a set of faces, edges, or vertices. Whenthe force location is a face, the direction is automatically set tothe normal of the face, with the force pointing to the inside ofthe part. Direction can be defined by planar faces, straightedges, two vertices, and axes.

Pressure Pressure is uniform and acts normal to the surface at alllocations on the surface. Pressure is only applied to faces.

Bearing Load You can only apply the load to cylindrical faces. By default, theapplied load is along the axis of the cylinder. Direction of theload can be planar or edge.

Moment Moment may only be applied to faces. Direction can bedefined by planar faces, straight edges, two vertices, and axes.

Body Loads You must select a direction from the Earth Standard Gravity listto apply gravity. Select the Enable check box underAcceleration or Rotational Velocity. You can only apply onebody load per analysis.

Non-zeroDisplacement

You can used the non-zero displacement feature of the FixedConstraint as a load. Apply a constraint and check the UseComponents check box as described in the next section.


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To select and apply a constraint

1 In the Stress Analysis panel bar, click Fixed Constraint.

2 In the graphics window, select a set of faces, edges or vertices to constrain.

The location arrow turns white.

3 Click the More button to specify a fixed displacement for the constraint, if

needed. Check Use Components, and then check the box next to the globalaxis label (X, Y, or Z) along which the displacement occurs. You can use

parameters and negative values. Use Components to specify a non-zero

displacement that can be used as a load.

4 Click OK.

Setting Parameters

When you define loads and constraints for a part, the values you enter

(magnitudes, vector components, and so on) are stored as parameters in

Autodesk Inventor. The parameter names are automatically generated byAutodesk Inventor. For example, load parameters are labeled vn, where v0 is

the first load created, v1 the second load, and so on.


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Load magnitude and constraint displacement values can be entered as

equations when you are defining them. Or, after defining the loads and

constraints, select Parameters from the stress analysis panel bar, and in the

Parameters dialog box, enter equations for any of the load or constraint

parameters.

You can define and edit parameters at any time, either during part modeling,

analysis setup, or post-processing. If you change the parameters associated

with a load or constraint after a solution is obtained, the Update command

is enabled so you can run a new solution.

You cannot delete the system-generated parameters, although they are

deleted automatically if their associated loads or constraints are deleted. Youalso cannot delete parameters that are currently used by a system-generated

parameter.


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2

Setting Solution Options

Before starting your solution, you can set the analysis type and mesh

relevance for the analysis, and then specify whether a new analysis file

should be created. Select Stress Analysis Settings from the stress analysis

panel bar to open the dialog box. When you finish setting the options, click

OK to commit them.

Setting Analyses Types

Before starting your solution, in the Settings dialog box, in Analysis Type,

select Stress Analysis. Select Both if you want to run a stress analysis and a

prestressed modal analysis of your part.

Setting Mesh Relevance

In the Settings dialog box, move the slider to set the size of your mesh. Thedefault value of zero is an average mesh. Setting the slider to 100 causes a fine

mesh to be used, which gives you a highly accurate result, but causes the

solution to take a longer time. Setting the slider to -100 gives you a coarse

mesh, which solves quickly, but may contain significant inaccuracies. You

can see the mesh that will be used at a particular setting by clicking Preview

Mesh.

Specifying New Analysis File

There may be times when the analysis file is missing from a part that you or

someone else has previously analyzed. This can occur if someone sends you

a part but not the analysis file, or if the analysis file for the part is accidentallydeleted. To create a new analysis file for the part, click New Analysis File.

For more information about running an analysis with missing files or files

that do not correspond, see Resolving File Link Failures on page 43.
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Obtaining Solutions

After you complete all the required steps, the Stress Analysis Update

command in the stress analysis panel bar is active. Select it to start the

solution.

The Solutions Status dialog box is displayed while the solution is in progress.During the solution, Autodesk Inventor is unavailable. Once the solution

finishes, the results are displayed graphically.

For information about reviewing the results of your solution, see chapter 3,

Viewing Results on page 25.

Running Modal Analysis

In addition to the stress analysis, you can perform a resonant frequency

(modal) analysis to find the frequencies at which your part will vibrate, andthe mode shapes at those frequencies. Like stress analysis, modal analysis is

available in the stress analysis environment.

You can do a resonant frequency analysis independent of a stress analysis.

You can do a frequency analysis on a prestressed structure, in which case you

can define loads on the part before the analysis. You can also find the

resonant frequencies of an unconstrained part.

Your initial steps must be the same as for stress analysis. Refer to the

instructions in Running Stress Analysis on page 15 to set up your loads,

constraints, parameters, and solution options.
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Workflow overview: Run a modal analysis

1 Enter the stress analysis environment.

2 Verify that the material used for the part is suitable, or select one.

3 Apply any loads (optional).

4 Apply the necessary constraints (optional).

5 Before starting the solution, in the Settings dialog box, Analysis Type section,

select Modal Analysis.

Selecting Both runs a stress analysis and a modal analysis of your part. Select-

ing a modal analysis with a load applied produces a prestressed modal solu-

tion.

6 Click OK.

The results for the first six frequency modes are inserted under the Modes

folder in the browser. For an unconstrained part, the first six frequencies are

essentially zero.

7 To change the number of frequencies displayed or limit the range offrequency results returned, right click the Modes folder, and then select

Options.

The Frequency Options dialog box is displayed. Enter the maximum number

of modes to find, or the range of frequencies to which you want to limit the

results set.

After you complete all the required steps, the Stress Analysis Update com-

mand in the stress analysis panel bar is active.

8 Select Stress Analysis Update to start the solution.

The Solutions Status dialog box is displayed while the solution is in progress.

Once the solution finishes, the results are available for viewing.

The next chapter discusses reviewing the results of the solution.


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3In This Chapter

Viewing Results

After analyzing your model under the stress analysis

conditions that you defined, you can visually observe

the results of the solution.

This chapter describes the how to interpret the visual

results of your stress analyses.

Results visualization

Working with the color b

Setting results display opti


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2

Using Results Visualization

Use results visualization to see how your part responds to the loads and

constraints you apply to it. You can visualize the magnitude of the stresses

that occur throughout the part, the deformation of the part, the stress safety

factor, and for modal analysis, the resonant frequency modes.

To enter results visualization

1 Start in the stress analysis environment. Open a part or sheet metal part that

has been analyzed, or complete the required steps in your current analysis.

2 In the Stress Analysis panel bar, click Stress Analysis Update.

The color bar is displayed in the graphics window.

Post-processing commands are enabled in the standard toolbar, and the

display mode shifts to stepped contours.


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To view the different results sets, double-click them in the browser. While

viewing the results, you can:

Change the color bar to emphasize the stress levels that are of concern to you.

Compare the results to the undeformed geometry.

View the mesh used for the solution.

Use the normal view controls to manipulate the model for a three-

dimensional view of the results.

To change any model parameters, you must return to part modeling, and

then return to stress analysis and update the solution.

Editing the Color Bar

The color bar shows you how the contour colors correspond to the stress

values or displacements calculated in the solution. You can edit the color bar

to set up the color contours so that the stress/displacement is displayed in a

way that is meaningful to you.

To edit the color bar

1 Select Color Bar from the stress analysis panel bar. If necessary, pull the grip

to the right to open the color bar.

By default, the maximum and minimum values shown on the color bar are

the maximum and minimum result values from the solution. You can edit

the extreme maximum and minimum values, and the values at the edges of

the bands.


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2

2 To edit a value, click it, and then edit the value in the text box. Press ENTER

to complete the change.

When you edit the extreme values, black lines showing the maximum and min-

imum result values are added to the color bar if they fall within the edited range.

3 The yellow grips on the left side of the color bar show the maximum and

minimum stress values displayed by the contours. Move these grips tochange the size of the extreme color zones (outside of the normal contour

values) to make the normal color zones more visible within the color bar.

Adjusting these does not change the values of the contour boundaries. These

grips are most useful when the extreme maximum and minimum values

have been edited.

4 The white grips indicate the maximum and minimum values shown by the

contours. Drag the white grips to change their values and rescale the values

of the contour boundaries (gray grips).

5 The stress levels are initially divided into nine equivalent sections, with

default colors assigned to each section. The gray grips indicate intervals in

the range of your solution. If you dont want as many intervals, click a grip,

and then drag it to an adjacent grip.

This eliminates that color band and updates the contours displayed on the

model.

6 To change the colors of the contour bands, double-click the band to open the

standard Microsoft Windows color palette. Select an appropriate color, and

then click OK to apply the color.

7 When the color bar is set up to your satisfaction, click outside the color bar

in the graphics window.

8 These color bar settings are retained for this results set. If you do not want to

keep the changes you made, reset the color bar.

To reset the color bar to its default settings, right-click the active color bar,

and then select Reset to Defaults.


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Reading Stress Analysis Results

When the analysis is complete, you see the results of your solution. If you did

a stress analysis or specified that both types of analyses be done, you initially

see the equivalent stress results set displayed. If your initial analysis is a

resonant frequency analysis (without a stress analysis), you see the results setfor the first mode. To view a different results set, double-click that results set

in the browser pane. The currently viewed results set has a check mark

displayed next to it in the browser. You will always see the undeformed

wireframe of the part when you are viewing results.

Interpreting Results Contours

The contour colors displayed in the results correspond to the value ranges

shown in the legend. In most cases, results displayed in red are of most

interest, either because of their representation of high stress or high

deformation, or a low factor of safety. Each results set gives you different

information about the effect of the load on your part.

Equivalent Stress

Equivalent stress results use color contours to show you the stresses

calculated during the solution for your model. The deformed model is

displayed. The color contours correspond to the values defined by the color

bar.

Deformation

The deformation results show you the deformed shape of your model afterthe solution. The color contours show you the magnitude of deformation

from the original shape. The color contours correspond to the values defined

by the color bar.

Safety Factor

Safety factor shows you the areas of the model that are likely to fail under

load. The color contours correspond to the values defined by the color bar.

Frequency Modes

You can view the mode plots for the number of resonant frequencies that you

specified in the solution. The modal results appear under the Modes folder inthe browser. When you double-click a frequency mode, the mode shape is

displayed. The color contours show you the magnitude of deformation from

the original shape. The frequency of the mode is shown in the legend. It is

also available as a parameter.


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3

Setting Results Display Options

While viewing your results, you can use the following commands located in

the stress analysis standard toolbar to modify the features of the results

display for your model.

Maximum Turns on and off the display of the point of maximumresult in the mode.

Minimum Turns on and off the display of the point of minimum

result in the model.

Boundary

Condition

Turns on or off the display of the load symbols on the

part.

Element

Visibility

Displays the element mesh used in the solution in

conjunction with the result contours.

Use the Deformation Style menu to change the deformed shape

exaggeration. Selecting Actual shows you the deformation to scale. Since thedeformations are often small, the various automatic options exaggerate the

scale so that the shape of the deformation is more pronounced.

Use the Display Settings menu to set the contour style to stepped, smooth,or no contours. If you turn off the contours, the mesh is displayed for your

deformed part. If you have Element Visibility on, the mesh elements are

displayed; otherwise, a solid, gray mesh is displayed. The legend is displayed

while contours are off.

The values of all of the display options for each results set are saved for that

results set.


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4In This Chapter

Revising Models and

Stress Analyses

After you run a solution for your model, you can

evaluate how changes to the model or analysis

conditions will affect the results of the solution.

This chapter tells you how to make changes to solution

conditions on the part and rerun the solution.

Updating part geometry

Changing solution conditi

Rerunning analysis


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3

Changing Model Geometry

After you run an analysis on your model, you can change the design of your

model and rerun the analysis to see the effects of the changes.

To edit a design and rerun analysis

1 Return to part modeling by selecting Part Features from the main panel bar

menu, or Model from the browser menu.

The part modeling toolbars and browser are displayed, and the graphics

window changes back to the solid undeformed part.

2 Click the Last Displayed Stress Result icon to turn on the display of the last

results set.

Viewing the results of your solution as you edit the initial geometry can give

you an insight as to which dimension to edit to get results closer to your

intent.

3 In the browser, select the feature that you want to edit. It is highlighted on

the wireframe.

4 In the browser, right-click a sketch for the feature that you want to edit. Select

Visibility to make the sketch visible on the model.

5 Double-click the dimension that you want to change, enter the new value in

the text box, and then click the green check mark.The sketch is updated.

6 From the panel bar drop-down menu, select Stress Analysis to return to the

stress analysis environment.

7 From the panel bar, select Stress Analysis Update to update the geometry and

the solution.

After you update the stress analysis, the load symbols are properly relocated

if the feature that they were associated with moved as a result of the

geometry change. The direction of the load does not change, even if the

feature associated with the load changes orientation.


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Changing Solution Conditions

After you run an analysis on your model, you can change the conditions

under which the solution was obtained and rerun the analysis to see what

effects the changes have. At this point, you can edit the loads and constraints

you defined, add new loads and constraints, or delete loads and constraints.You can also change the relevance of your mesh or the analysis type. To

change your solution conditions, enter the stress analysis environment if you

are not already in it.

To delete a load or constraint

In the browser, right-click a load or constraint, and then select Delete from

the menu.

To add a load or constraint

In the panel bar, select the command and follow the same procedure youused to create your initial loads and constraints.

To edit a load or constraint

1 In the browser, right-click a load or constraint, and then select Edit from the

menu.

The same dialog box you used to create the load or constraint is displayed.

The values in the dialog box are the current values for that load or constraint.

2 Click the location arrow on the left side of the dialog box to enable feature

picking.

You are initially limited to selecting the same type of feature (face, edge, or

vertex) that is currently used for the load or constraint.

To remove any of the current features, control-click them. If you remove all

of the current features, your new selections can be of any type.

3 Click the white Direction arrow to change the direction of the load.

4 Click the Flip Direction button to reverse the direction, if needed.

5 Change any values associated with the load or constraint.

6 Click OK to apply the load or constraint changes.


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3

To hide a load symbol

On the toolbar, click the Boundary Condition display button.

The load symbols are hidden.

To redisplay a load symbol

On the toolbar, click the Boundary Condition display button again.

The load symbols are redisplayed.

To temporarily display load symbols

In the browser, pause the cursor over the Loads & Constraints folder or a

particular load.

The load symbols are displayed.

NOTE If you edit a load while the load symbols are hidden, the symbols for allof the loads are displayed, and remain on after the editing is complete.

To change the mesh relevance

1 In the stress analysis panel bar, select Stress Analysis Settings.

2 In the Settings dialog box, move the slider to set the relevance of your mesh.

3 Click Preview Mesh to view the mesh at a particular setting.

The preview mesh is shown on the undeformed shaded view of your part.

To change the analysis type

1 On the stress analysis panel bar, select Stress Analysis Settings.

2 In the Settings dialog box, Analysis Type menu, select the new analysis type.

If you choose Stress Analysis or Modal Analysis, only the results sets for the

selected analysis type are displayed in the browser. Any previously obtained

results sets are removed.


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5In This Chapter

Generating Reports

Once you run an analysis on a part, you can generate a

report that provides you with a written record of the

analysis environment and results.

This chapter tells you how to generate a report for an

analysis and interpret the report, and how to save and

distribute the report.

Generating reports

Reading reports

Saving and distributing rep


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3

Running Reports

After you run a stress analysis on a part, you can save the details of that

analysis for future reference. Use the Report command to save all the analysis

conditions and results in HTML format for easy viewing and storage.

To generate a report

1 Set up and run an analysis for your part.

2 Set the zoom and view orientation to best illustrate the analysis results. The

view you choose is the view used in the report.

3 From the panel bar, select Report to create a report for the current analysis.

When it is finished, a browser window containing the report is displayed.

4 Save the report for future reference using the browser Save As command.

Interpreting Reports

The report contains a summary, introduction, scenario, and appendices.

Summary

The summary contains an overview of the files used for the analysis and the

analysis conditions and results.

IntroductionThe introduction describes the contents of the report and how to use them

in interpreting your analysis.

Scenario

The scenario gives details about the various analysis conditions.


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Model

The model section contains:

A description of the physical characteristics of the model

A description of the mesh relevance, and number of nodes and elements

Environment

The environment section contains:

Loading conditions and constraints

Solution

Equivalent stress

Deformation

Safety factor

Frequency response results

Appendices

Appendices include several sections as follows:

Scenario

Figures

Labeled figures showing the contours for the different

results sets, such as equivalent stress, deformation, safety

factor, and mode shapes.

Material

Properties

Properties and stress limits for the material used for the

analysis.

Glossary Definitions of terms used in the report.Distributing

This Report

List of the files generated to produce the report, and where

they are stored.


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4

Saving and Distributing Reports

The report is generated as a set of files that can be viewed in a Web browser.

It includes the main HTML page, style sheets, generated figures, and other

files listed at the end of the report.

Saving Reports

Look at the Distributing This Report section at the end of the report. It

contains a table listing of all of the files generated as part of the report. If you

want to keep this report for future reference, it is recommended you create a

folder in a permanent storage location and move or copy all of the report files

to the folder. If you have multiple reports to save, create a separate folder for

each report.

Use your browser Save As command to save all of the report files into a folder

of your choosing. Recent versions of Microsoft Internet Explorer give you theoption of opening your report in Microsoft Word. You can then save it as a

Word document if you prefer.

Be careful when you save a report into a folder where you previously saved a

copy of the same report. You may end up with files in the directory that were

used by the previous version of the report but are not used by the current

version. In order to avoid confusion, it is best to use a new folder for each

version of a report, or to delete all of the files in a folder before reusing it.

Printing Reports

Use your Web browser Print command to print the report as you would any

web page.

Distributing Reports

To make the report available from a Web site, move all of the files associated

with the report to your Web site, and distribute a URL that points to the main

page of the report, the first file listed in the table.


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6In This Chapter

Managing Stress

Analysis Files

Running a stress analysis in Autodesk Inventor creates

a separate file that contains the stress analysis

information. In addition, the part file is modified to

indicate the presence of a stress file and the name of

the file.

This chapter tells you how the files are interdependent,

and what should be done if the files become separated.

Creating stress analysis fil

Stress analysis and part fil

interdependence

Fixing disassociated files

Exporting analysis informa

to ANSYS WorkBench


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Repairing Disassociated Files

Under certain circumstances, you might edit the part file without the

presence of the .ipa file. For example, a consultant might be sent the .iptfile

but not the .ipa file. You can edit the part file through the Skip option in the

Resolve Link dialog box.

If you edit the part while the .ipa file is missing and then try to reassociate

the part with its analysis file, Autodesk Inventor makes an attempt to update

the stress conditions. There is a possibility that errors may occur, however,

when you try to reassociate the files.

Copying Geometry Files

You can create a copy of an .iptfile using the Save Copy As command or your

operating system file copy command. When this happens, the copy of the

.iptfile still references the original .ipa file.

If you open the copy of the part, and then activate the stress analysis

environment, a dialog box asks if you want to keep the stress analysis

information defined for that part. If you click No, the stress analysis

information is removed, and the part can be edited as if it never had an

analysis performed on it.

If you click Yes, Autodesk Inventor creates a copy of the original .ipa file, and

changes the references in the copy of the part and the copy of the .ipa file to

reference each other.

Resolving File Link Failures

In some cases, the .ipa file might fail to resolve when you try to perform an

analysis of the part. For example, the user may rename or move the .ipa file,

or a vendor may receive a copy of an .iptfile without the associated .ipa file.

In these circumstances, the .ipa file fails to resolve and you are prompted

with the Resolve Link dialog box.

At this point, you can do two things, other than cancel the file open process:

Skip the file.

Select an existing .ipa file.


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4

Skipping Missing IPA Files

If you elect to edit a part even though the .ipa file is missing, all stress analysis

commands are unavailable except for the Stress Analysis Settings command.

You can edit the part document itself. However, you cannot perform any

stress analysis work.

Selecting Existing IPA Files

If the .ipa file is missing, you can select an existing renamed or moved .ipa

file. The next time the associated .iptfile is loaded, you are prompted with

the Resolve Link dialog box, and you can browse to the new name or

location.

Creating New Analysis Files

If you open a part with a missing .ipa file, you can use the Stress Analysis

Settings dialog box to create a new .ipa file.

If a part is opened and its analysis file is missing, select Stress Analysis

Settings. The New Analysis File button becomes available only under these

circumstances.

To create a new .ipa file, click New Analysis File. Autodesk Inventor attempts

to create a new .ipa file in the default location using the default name.

If a file already exists using this name and location, Autodesk Inventor

checks the .ipa file to see if it points to the active .iptfile. If it does, a dialog

box asks if you want to reuse the .ipa file or create a new one.

When you create a new file, the new .ipa file has boundary conditions that

match those stored in the .iptfile.


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Exporting Analysis Files

In some cases, you might need to run a more complex analysis on your part

than can be handled by AIP Stress Analysis. You have the option to export

your current analysis information to a file that can be imported to ANSYS

WorkBench, where a more complex analysis can be performed.

To export your information to ANSYS WorkBench

1 After you set up and run an analysis, from the stress analysis panel bar, select

Export to ANSYS.

2 Browse to the location where you store your project files.

3 Select Save.

The file is saved using the same name as your part file, with the extension

.dsdb.

You can now import your part and its analysis file into ANSYS WorkBench toperform more complex analyses.


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4


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Index

Aanalyses

complex, 45meshing, 8post processing, 10reports, 38rerunning on edited designs, 32results, reading, 29solving, 8types, setting, 22, 34updating, 35vibration, 11workflow, 15

analysis (.ipa) files, 42exporting, 45recreating missing, 22, 44repairing disassociated, 43

analysis results, viewing, 26ANSYS WorkBench, 45

Bbearing loads, 19body loads, 19Boundary Condition command, 30browser, Stress Analysis, 14

CChoose Material dialog box, 16color bar, 27constraints

browser display, 15deleting, adding, and editing, 33

constraints (continued)fixed displacements, 20selecting and applying, 19

contour colors, 29

Ddeformation results, 10, 29

options for displaying, 30dialog boxes

Choose Material., 16Fixed Constraint, 20Force, 17Frequency Options, 24Parameters, 21Solutions Status, 23Stress Analysis Settings, 22

EElement Visibility command, 30equivalent stress results, 29equivalent stresses, 10exercises, prerequisites, 2

F

factor of safety results, 11file type .ipa, 42files, analysis

reassociating, 43recreating missing, 22

Fixed Constraint dialog box, 20Force dialog box, 17
http:///reader/full/page21http:///reader/full/page24http:///reader/full/page26http:///reader/full/page47http:///reader/full/page46http:///reader/full/page15http:///reader/full/page6http:///reader/full/page14http:///reader/full/page33http:///reader/full/page34http:///reader/full/page26http:///reader/full/page27http:///reader/full/page25http:///reader/full/page28http:///reader/full/page21http:///reader/full/page24http:///reader/full/page20http:///reader/full/page34http:///reader/full/page33http:///reader/full/page14http:///reader/full/page33http:///reader/full/page23http:///reader/full/page24http:///reader/full/page37http:///reader/full/page19http:///reader/full/page31http:///reader/full/page20http:///reader/full/page18http:///reader/full/page34http:///reader/full/page23http:///reader/full/page23http:///reader/full/page49http:///reader/full/page30http:///reader/full/page47http:///reader/full/page48http:///reader/full/page26http:///reader/full/page49http:///reader/full/page46http:///reader/full/page19http:///reader/full/page15http:///reader/full/page39http:///reader/full/page38http:///reader/full/page26http:///reader/full/page12http:///reader/full/page33http:///reader/full/page36http:///reader/full/page42http:///reader/full/page14http:///reader/full/page12http:///reader/full/page49


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Vvibration frequency analyses, 23von Mises stress, 10

Wworkflows

analyses, performing typical, 15applying loads for analyses, 17running modal analyses, 24
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Documents

Autodesk Inventor Pro 9 Stress Analysis[1]. Getting Started