Autocad s'13 Nitt

7/27/2019 Autocad s'13 Nitt

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AutoCAD Workshop

National Institute of TechnologyTiruchirappalli

Mechanical EngineersAssociation

presents


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What is CAD?

CAD is an acronymfor Computer-AidedDrafting.

CAD allows you to

accomplish designand drafting activitiesusing a computer.

CAD is also used tocreate the 2D

documentationdrawings forcommunicating andarchiving the design.


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Why AutoCAD?

Advantages over other methods in many cases:

1. A good foundation for learning other CADpackages.

2. User-friendly and easy to learn.3. One of the most convenient drafting s/w.

4. Higher probability of using your skills in industry

5. Sharing the CAD file with other software

programs


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B.I.S Standards

SCALE: Full Size

A scale with the ratio 1:1.

Enlargement Scale

A scale where the ratio is larger than 1:1. It issaid to be larger as its ratio increases.

Reduction Scale

A scale where ratio is smaller than 1:1. It is saidto be smaller as its ratio decreases


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LINES:

A line, the length ofwhich is less than or

equal to half of theline width, is calleda dot.

The width, d, of alltypes of lines shallbe one of the

following dependingon the type and sizeof drawing.

This series is basedon a common ratio1: 2(=1 : 1.4):

0.13 mm; 0.18 mm;0.25 mm; 0.35 mm;0.5 mm; 0.7 mm; 1mm; 1.4 mm; 2 mm


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SP - 46


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Lets Begin

National Institute of TechnologyTiruchirappalli

Mechanical EngineersAssociation


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Topics:

Intro to UI

Setting up the drawing

Giving commands

Zooming and panning

Adaptive features

Modes of Drawing

Drawing 2D shapes

2D Animations

Editing

Drawing 3D shapes

Assignment

Where To Get Help


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Intro to UI

Cross-hair

Command Line

Graphics Area

Coordinate DisplayStatus Bar


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Draw Toolbar

Tool Tip

Flyout

Tool Palettes

ModifyToolbar

Standard Toolbar


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Function Keys

Function keys in AutoCAD offer a quick method of turning on or off(toggling) drawing aids.

Opens a help windowproviding writtenexplanations on

commands

Previous commandline activity

Osnap Toggle

F1

F2

F3

Toggles thecrosshairs to

Isometric

Grid toggle

Ortho Toggle

F5

F7

F8

Snap ToggleF9 Polar tracking ToggleF10


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Setting up the drawing

1.Drawing Units Drawing Units set up the current format for

units of measure. In order to set up the drawingunits, Quick Toolbar: Drawing Utilities: Units

You will now have a choice betweenArchitectural, Decimal, Engineering, Fractional, andScientific Units. The Engineering and Architecturalformats produce feet-and-inches displays and

assume that each drawing unit represents one inch.

You can also type in UNITS in the commandline and the same window should appear.


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Precision: Sets the number of decimal places orfractional size displayed for linear measurements.

2. Drawing Limits In order to set up drawing limits, Go:

Format menu: Drawing limits.

You can also type limits in the command line.

You will then have to type in 4 limits in (x, y)coordinates form.

3. Grid

In order to create a grid, either type in Gridfollowed by typing in spacing in your grid. Or youcan click on SNAP on the bottom of the windowand set up the grid there.


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How do we give a command?

Command line

Toolbars

(view/Toolbars)

Drop-down menus

You can pick any one(s) that you are comfortable with.


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Zooming...

You will need to zoom in and out while drawingwith AutoCAD. This doesnt change your objectsor UCS, only the way you see your workingspace. This can be done in many ways:

1. Scroll bars2. Typing z or zoom in your command window.

All

Center

Dynamic

Extents

Previous

Scale

Window


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Adaptive Features

By right clicking: Change the settings for each modeBy left-clicking: Turn each mode on and off.

Osnap (Object Snap) settings make it easier to selecta 2d objects points Endpoint

Midpoint

Perpendicular

Center

ntersection

Snap Snaps onto grid

points Grid Toggles grid

visibility


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ORTHO- (from AutoCad Help) In Ortho mode, cursormovement is constrained to the horizontal or verticaldirections (relative to the UCS) and with the current

grid rotation angle. AutoCAD ignores Ortho mode inperspective views.

OTRACK- (from AutoCad Help) Use object snaptracking to track along alignment paths that are

based on object snap points.

LWT- displays the actual thickness of each line.

MODEL- switches back and forth between layoutspace and model space.


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Modes of Drawing

Remember there are a number of ways to draw inAutoCAD. One way is by opening up appropriatetool bars drawing using them. Another way is bytyping in an appropriate command in the CommandLine. You can also draw by looking up commands

under the main menu on top of the screen. (Draw,Dimension, Modify.)

There are many drawing tools under Draw on themain menu and lots of modifying tools under

Modify.

Remember to use Help in order to find othercommands you are not familiar with.


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Lets draw a LINE:

remember that AutoCAD recognizes anobject by its coordinates. You will need twogiven points to draw a line.

You can start at a random point on yourWCS for your FIRST POINT, but you shouldspecify the coordinates of your SECONDPOINT.

(x1,y1,z1)

(x2,y2,z2)


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Lets draw a LINE (1):

1. Give the command Type line on the command window, OR Click on the line icon on the Draw toolbar, OR Select Line on the Draw menu

2. Specify the first point (50,50) Click on a random point on your working area

(black space)3. Specify the second point in relation to thefirst point @distance


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1. Hit F8 (ortho on)2. Give the command3. Specify the first point (50,50)4. Specify the second point in relation to the

first point Point the cursor to the left hand side. You will

see that the cursor snaps only to 0o-90o-180o-270o

Type 7 and hit enter

a b7 units


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If we know the coordinates of the line we wantto draw, we can simply type them into thecommand line. (However, this mostly isnot the case.)

1. Give the command2. Specify the first point (4,8)

3. Specify the second point (5,11)

a

b

(4,8)

(5,22)


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What else?

Rectangle: two diagonal lines

(pick first point, select the second onewith relation to the first. @5


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Editing

COPY

MOVE

MIRROR

ARRAY

SCALE

STRETCH


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More editing

STRETCH

EXPLODE

OFFSET

ROTATE

ERASE


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Other editing commands

TRIM CHAMFER

FILLET

EXTEND BREAK

JOIN

FILL


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Polyline (pline)

The PLINE command creates a chain linewith multiple vertexes and straight orcircular segments between the vertexes

Draw a closed shape with the plinecommand:

Then type PEDIT (polyline edit) on thecommand line and see what you can dowith it:Enter an option [Close/Join/Width/Editvertex/Fit/Spline/Decurve/Ltype gen/Undo]:

Try Width and Spline


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Hatching

Hatching is used to add shaded patterns to objects andshapes within an Autocad drawing. Hatch patterns canbe used to indicate a material to be used, such as aconcrete hatch. Alternatively it could be used to make anarea of a drawing stand out.

You will pick:

Pattern

Scale

Angle

points


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2D Animations!

Save different positions of an objectas independent slides(mslide)

Write a script to denote the sequenceof the slide show in any texteditor(e.g.notepad)

View the slide show


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Creating the slides

Position the object in theinitial point.

Type mslide in commandbox.

Save the file in .sld formatand note down the filelocation.

Repeat the steps fordifferent positions of theobject.


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Scripts for sequence

Open any text editor(Here notepad)

Type the following scripts; Begin slide show, load SLIDE1

VSLIDE SLIDE1

; Preload SLIDE2

VSLIDE *SLIDE2

; Let audience view SLIDE1DELAY 2000

; Display SLIDE2

VSLIDE

; Preload SLIDE3

VSLIDE *SLIDE3

; Let audience view SLIDE2DELAY 2000

; Display SLIDE3

VSLIDE

; Let audience view SLIDE3

DELAY 3000

; Cycle

RSCRIPT


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Example:VSLIDE "E:/slide/Drawing1.SLD"

VSLIDE *"E:/slide/Drawing2.SLD"

DELAY 200

VSLIDE


DELAY 200

VSLIDE


DELAY 200

VSLIDEVSLIDE *"E:/slide/Drawing5.SLD"

DELAY 200

VSLIDE


DELAY 200

VSLIDEDELAY 200

RSCRIPT

Once the script is done save it in .SCR format(in the file name boxinclude the extension .scr)


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Generating a slide show

Open AutoCAD 2013 Type scr in the command box.

Point to the location where the script file wassaved.

Click Enter. The slideshow will be checked first.Press Enter again.

The slide show is done


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Solids contain the mass properties of 3Dobjects.

You can use the Solids toolbar for readilyaccessible objects

Box Cylinder

Wedge

You can use the Boolean operations of

more complicated shapes. Union (join two solids)

Subtract (carve out the second solid from thefirst)

Intersection (only the common area)

Drawing SOLIDS

Torus Cone

Sphere


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To increase the number of faces

Tools > Options > Display tab >


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We can create solids by extruding as well

If youextrude

a surface into the thirddimension, you simply add a thickness in

section. This basically is same as creating asolid object

Extrude 5units 5 units

Extrude -4units

4 units


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Assignment


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Where to get help?

If you have any doubts, you can alwaysrefer to AutoCAD Help.

You can get there by typing in Help in

the command line or hitting F1. After the AutoCAD window opens up,

select Search tab. Then you can typein a topic you would like to search for.

Documents

Autocad s'13 Nitt