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Autism & Technology: How Can Technology Support the Communication Skills of a
Student with Autism?
What is Autism?
Autism is a complex developmental disability that affects an individual in the areas of social interaction and communication. Autism is a spectrum disorder that affects each individual differently and to varying degrees of severity (Autism Society of America).
Statistics
According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (2003), autism is the most common of the Pervasive Developmental Disorders, affecting an estimated 1 in 250 births. Based on statistics from the U.S. Department of Education and other governmental agencies, autism is growing at a rate of 10-17 percent per year.
BackgroundPracticum ExperienceElementary School in Alachua CountyPartnershipLower Elementary Grade
My Wondering… That evening, I went home and began to think
about Drew. I began to wonder if there was some way in which technology could help him in the classroom.
I noticed that Drew really seemed to “come alive” on the computer and this fascinated me. Still, I did not know a lot about Drew and how technology could help him.
Drew, I found out, has a desire to communicate and tries to share his ideas during morning meeting but often fails to send a clear message. Drew often lets out a mumble and says short phrases.
This is when I realized I wanted to help Drew and learn about ways in which technology can help him communicate his ideas, thoughts, and feelings.
My Final Wondering
How can technology enhance the academic and social communication skills of a student with autism?
Data CollectionAudio Tape Reflections Informal InterviewsFormal InterviewOutside ResearchWork Samples
Data Analysis
Findings
1. Computers Increase Independence and Engagement
Findings
2. Repetition and Modeling Is Key to the Growth of Social Skills
Findings
3. Computers Enhance Talking and Overall Quality of Verbalization (Socially and Academically)
I have a cat.
I bought him at the animal store.
I got a dog and a bunny too.
I like to play with them.
They are nice.
Findings
4. Computers Provide Motivation
Findings
5. Computers Aid in a Predictable Environment
Findings
6. Typing Encourages Communication; Handwriting May Inhibit It
FindingsMotivating, Engaging, Improved his Social Skills (Video)Enthusiastic Improved Speech & Story Telling Skills Increased independenceAll findings support each other
Conclusions The ability to customize computer-based
instruction for a particular student, to reinforce certain behaviors, or to provide controlled practice on a skill is limited only the educator’s imaginations (Higgins, 1996).
When creating activities that involve technology, it is extremely important for them to be based on individual needs of student.
Conclusions Continued.Supplement instruction, don’t replace it. 1/3 of children with autism will learn to
be independent (Interview Notes, April 3, 2005).
Technology is a medium for students with autism that allows them to express themselves
Future Wonderings
When is taking a child with autism to a computer not as effective as working one-on-one with a teacher?
How can I encourage aides and teachers (who may have little background in computers) to experiment with and develop simple, yet effective computer-related activities for students with autism?
