Australian Emergency Management Terms Thesaurus · australian emergency manuals series part 1 the fundamentals manual 4 australian emergency management terms thesaurus emergency management

‘safer sustainable communities’

Emergency Management Australia

MANUAL 04

AustralianEmergency Management

Terms Thesaurus

AUSTRALIAN EMERGENCYMANUALS SERIES

PART 1The Fundamentals

Manual 4

AUSTRALIAN EMERGENCYMANAGEMENT TERMS THESAURUS

EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AUSTRALIAwww.ema.gov.au

Emergency Management Terms Thesaurus

ii

Commonwealth of Australia

First published 1998

ISBN 0 642 58810 4

Compiled by staff of the Emergency Management Information Centre, Mount Macedonassisted by Fay Nicholson, Library Consultant

Edited, typeset and published by Emergency Management Australia

Printed in Australia by Better Printing Service


iii

THE AUSTRALIAN EMERGENCY MANUAL SERIES

Manual 2 Australian Emergency Management ArrangementsManual 3 Australian Emergency Management GlossaryManual 4 Australian Emergency Management Terms ThesaurusManual 18 Community and Personal Support Services Manual 29 Community Development in Recovery from DisasterManual 15 Community Emergency Planning Manual 27 Disaster Loss Assessment GuidelinesManual 9 Disaster MedicineManual 28 Economic and Financial Aspects of Disaster RecoveryManual 8 Emergency Catering Manual 1 Emergency Management Concepts and PrinciplesManual 23 Emergency Management Planning for Floods Affected by Dams Manual 5 Emergency Risk Management – Applications GuideManual 43 Emergency PlanningManual 11 Evacuation PlanningManual 20 Flood Preparedness Manual 22 Flood Response Manual 21 Flood Warning Manual 25 Guidelines for Psychological Services: Emergency Managers GuideManual 26 Guidelines for Psychological Services: Mental Health Practitioners GuideManual 13 Health Aspects of Chemical, Biological and Radiological HazardsManual 6 Implementing Emergency Risk Management – A facilitators guide to

working with committees and communitiesManual 19 Managing the Floodplain Manual 17 Multi-Agency Incident Management Manual 7 Planning Safer Communities – Land use Planning for Natural HazardsManual 14 Post Disaster Survey and AssessmentManual 10 RecoveryManual 24 Reducing the Community Impact of LandslidesManual 12 Safe and Healthy Mass GatheringsManual 16 Urban Search and Rescue – Capability Guidelines for Structural Collapse

EMERGENCY SERVICES SKILLS SERIES

Manual 38 CommunicationsManual 39 Flood Rescue Boat OperationManual 37 Four Wheel Drive Vehicle OperationManual 35 General RescueManual 33 Land Search OperationsManual 42 Managing ExercisesManual 36 Map Reading and NavigationManual 31 Operations Centre ManagementManual 34 Road Accident RescueManual 41 Small Group Training ManagementManual 30 Storm Damage OperationsManual 40 Vertical Rescue


iv


v

FOREWORD

The Australian Emergency Management Terms Thesaurus has been developed inconsultation with representatives of all key emergency management organisations inAustralia. These experts were given the opportunity to comment on drafts, andinformation specialists and librarians from each key area analysed their commentsand provided input to development of the final drafts. Throughout the exercise thestaff of the EMA Information Centre contributed on the basis of their knowledge oftheir clients, information in the field and issues related to organisation of appropriateinformation to enable effective access for users.

This Manual is available in print and is also accessible through the EmergencyManagement Australia Internet site. It will be updated on a regular basis.

Proposed changes to this Manual should be forwarded to the Director General,Emergency Management Australia, at the address shown below, through therespective State/Territory emergency management organisation.

This publication is provided free of charge to approved Australian organisations.Copies are issued to relevant users, upon request, from their State/Territoryemergency management organisations.

To support the International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction, the AustralianGovernment will allow approved overseas organisations to reproduce the publicationwith acknowledgment but without payment of copyright fees. Manuals and Guidesmay be supplied to other Australian or overseas requesters upon payment of costrecovery charges.

Consideration will be given to requests from developing countries for multiple copieswithout charge.

Enquiries should be sent to the director general, emergency management Australia,PO Box 1020, Dickson, ACT 2602 Australia, (facsimile +61 (02) 6257 7665, e-mail:[email protected]).


vi


vii

CONTENTS

THE AUSTRALIAN EMERGENCY MANUAL SERIES iii

FOREWORD v

INTRODUCTION ix

Background to the Thesaurus ix

Aim of the Thesaurus ix

The Context of Emergency Management x

Issues of Terms xi

Explanatory Notes xi

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS xiii

ALPHABETICAL LIST OF TERMS, RELATED TERMS AND NOTES 1

Annex

A: Subdivision Terms for Use with Thesaurus Terms 114


viii


ix

INTRODUCTION

BACKGROUND TO THE THESAURUS

A review of the Emergency Management Australia Information Service, located atthe Australian Emergency Management Institute, Mount Macedon, was undertakenduring 1995-96. During this study, the field of emergency management wasexamined in relation to the use of terminology by general users, researchers,librarians, and information managers. One of the recommendations was that athesaurus and a glossary of emergency management terms should be developedwhich would encourage common understanding of definitions and relationshipsbetween terms and act as a focus for exchange of ideas and further development ofa common nomenclature.

AIM OF THE THESAURUS

The Thesaurus provides a list of emergency management terms, related terms andscope notes primarily based on the definitions in the Emergency ManagementGlossary, and some provided by specialists during the consultation process. Theseterms include those likely to be used by all services in the area, some from specialistfields that are commonly used in other areas but not those relating to specific areasof particular emergency services.

The types of organisations that will find the Thesaurus of value include:

• peak bodies;• emergency management professionals;• researchers;• academics;• processing, storage and transport industries;• local government;• State and Commonwealth government departments;• non-government organisations;• professional transport industries;• other large private sector organisations;• hospitals, educational institutions, etc; and• community organisations.


x

Within these organisations it is envisaged that the thesaurus would be used bylibrarians and information specialists in the organisation of information, constructionof databases and dissemination of information through publications. The Thesauruswould also be accessible to those wishing to access information in these areas andwould assist in effective searching and results.

THE CONTEXT OF EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT

Emergency management is a range of measures to manage risks to communitiesand the environment. These measures are described by:

• the ‘comprehensive approach’; • the ‘all hazards’ approach’;• the ‘all agencies’ (or integrated approach); and• the ‘prepared community’.

Comprehensive emergency management entails strategies for risk analysis,prevention, preparedness, response and recovery. These strategies enable theenvironment to be managed in a rational and planned way, and to react toemergencies effectively.

The all hazards approach concerns arrangements for managing the large range ofpossible effects of risks and emergencies. This approach is useful in that a largerange of risks can cause similar problems, and such measures as warning,evacuation, medical services and community restoration will be required during andfollowing emergencies. Many risks will, however, require specific response andrecovery measures, and may require specific prevention and mitigation measures.

All agencies should be involved to some extent in emergency management. Thecontext of the emergency management measures of specific agencies varies, andmay include:

• ensuring the continuity of their business or service;• protecting their own interests and personnel;• protecting the community and environment from hazards arising from

the activities of the organisation; and• the provision of a public service in protecting the community and

environment from all credible risks.

Emergency management measures may thus be couched in a number oforganisational and community context, including risk management, environmentalmanagement, occupational health and safety, quality management.


xi

The concept of the prepared community concerns the application of thecomprehensive, all hazards and all agencies approaches at the local level.

Emergency management measures, and the newly-emerging techniques ofemergency risk management, can be applied to a wide range of major risks andhazardous events, by a variety of disciplines.

ISSUES OF TERMS - ‘EMERGENCY’ VERSUS ‘DISASTER’

Each specialist field describes hazardous events in different ways, and there is alsosystematic variation between the States and Territories. Thus, the hazardousevents are variously labelled as: ‘accidents’; ‘emergencies’; and, ‘disasters;depending upon factors including the scale of the event, the number oforganisations involved, the ability of the organisations to cope within their normalresources. For example, a major vehicle accident may be labelled an ‘incident’ bythe emergency services, but may be labelled a ‘disaster’ by an emergency medicalfacility.

A general movement away from the terms ‘counter-disaster’ and ‘disaster’ towardsthe term ‘emergency’ has occurred in Australia over the last few years. In theThesaurus, the term ‘emergency’ is generally used in compound terms, such as‘emergency management’ in preference to ‘disaster’. However, the terms ‘disaster’and ‘disaster management’ are used in some parts of Australia.

EXPLANATORY NOTES

Structure of the Thesaurus

The Thesaurus is structured on the basis of the following principles:• The terms selected are not comprehensive but those identified as

commonly used across the field of emergency management. Specificorganisations will use additional related terms to organise information,many of which will be based on authorities such as the Library ofCongress Subject Headings listing.

• The terms are arranged alphabetically.• The list of terms includes both preferred terms and non-preferred terms.

Preferred terms direct that preference by the term ‘Use’. Non-preferredterms are indicated as such.

• Preferred terms have been agreed on the basis of usage within theemergency management field.

• Scope notes are intended to indicate how the term is used in theThesaurus. Most of these scope notes link to the EmergencyManagement Terms Glossary which provides detailed definitions.

• The only acronyms included are those in very common usage.


xii

Terms are linked with the following indicators:

Electronic mail

E-mail Non-preferred TermCommunications Broader TermElectronic mail systems Related TermInternet Related Term

Electronic mail systems

Bulletin boards Non-preferred TermE-mail systems Non-preferred TermElectronic mail Related Term

Elevators

Lifts Non-preferred Term

E-mail systems

Electronic mail systems Use

Embankments

Levees Narrower Term

Emblems

Insignia Related Term

To enable information to be easily searched using the terms of the Thesaurus, thefollowing principles as recommended by the working party, apply:

• The plural form is used unless a specific concept requires the singular.• Compound terms such as bushfire are applied as two words, bush fire.


xiii

Subdivisions

To enable a term to be extended, a list of descriptors are listed in Annex A. Theseterms are frequently used by those organising information or searching in the field.For example:

Hazardous materials transportation – Law and legislationDisaster victim identification – Psychological aspects

Additional subdivisions may be added using sources such as the Library ofCongress Subject Headings.

Suggested construction of a term for cataloguing or searching

The following order is recommended:

Term selected from the Thesaurus.

Subdivision selected from Annex A. Additional subdivisions can be added from theLibrary of Congress Subject Headings

Place state or city within Australia, or country and city for places in other countries

Date may cover a particular period or be specific, e.g. Earthquake 1960

For example:Floods – Causes – Queensland – Charleville, 1997Earthquake – Casualties – Mexico City, 1985Landslides – Planning - Australia

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The Thesaurus was developed with input from stakeholders in all fields ofemergency management. Initially discussions were held with individuals in variousstates, and on the basis of this input and the examination of relevant documentsincluding Australian and other thesauri in related areas a draft was developed anddistributed to over 100 individuals who had been identified as having expertise in thegeneral field or a specific related area. These persons coordinated input from theirown departments and agencies and forwarded valuable comments.

A further draft was developed and examined in detail by a working party ofinformation specialists, including Peter Koob who concurrently developed theAustralian Emergency Management Glossary. Their comments were considered bythe staff of the Information Centre, and the final document was developed.


1

AblutionsIncludes showers, laundries, hand-washingbasins and toilet facilities.

Aborigines

Australian aborigines Non-preferred TermTorres Strait Islanders Related Term

AccelerantsSubstances used to initiate and develop afire.

Fires Related term

Acceptable riskDegree of human or material loss that isperceived by the community or relevantauthorities as tolerable in actions.

Access

Entry Non-preferred TermEgress Related TermEscape routes Related TermEvacuation Related TermExits Related Term

Accident analysis

Accidents Broader Term

Accident causes


Accident investigation


Accident prevention


Accident reporting systems

Fire reporting systems Non-preferred TermAccidents Broader Term

Accident reports


Accident statistics


AccidentsA sudden event in which harm is caused topeople, property or the built or naturalenvironments.

Crashes Non-preferred TermAccident analysis Narrower TermAccident causes Narrower TermAccident investigation Narrower TermAccident prevention Narrower TermAccident reporting systems Narrower TermAccident reports Narrower TermAccident statistics Narrower TermAircraft accidents Narrower TermBus accidents Narrower TermIndustrial accidents Narrower TermMarine accidents Narrower TermNuclear accidents Narrower TermRailroad accidents Narrower TermRoad accidents Narrower Term

Accidents, Wounds and injuries

Wounds and injuries Broader TermFirst aid Related TermInjury prevention Related TermBlast injuries Narrower TermBurns and scalds Narrower TermCrush injuries Narrower TermDiving injuries Narrower TermSpinal cord injuries Narrower Term

Acid rainRain containing dissolved acidiccompounds, resulting from chemicalpollution of the atmosphere by sulphur andnitrogen compounds.

Rain and rainfall Broader Term

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

AIDS Use

ActionThe executive command to start anoperation whereby all required personnelare called to their posts to be checked.

Mobilisation Related Term

Activation

Mobilisation Related Term


2

Adolescence

Adolescents Use

AdolescentsPeople aged 13 to 17 years inclusive.

Adolescence Non-preferred TermTeenagers Non-preferred TermChildren Related Term

Adult education

Community awareness Related TermCommunity education Related TermContinuing education Related TermEducation Related Term

AdulthoodPeople aged 18 years and over.

Adults Use

AdultsPeople aged 18 years and over

Adulthood Non-preferred TermAged persons Narrower Term

Advanced cardiac life support

Advanced life support Broader Term

Advanced life supportInterventions to protect the airway, assistbreathing, relieve pain and suffering andmaintain circulation.

Life support systems Broader TermBasic life support Related TermEmergency medicine Related TermFirst aid Related TermAdvanced cardiac life support Narrower TermAdvanced trauma life support Narrower Term

Advanced trauma life support

Advanced life support Broader TermLife support systems Broader Term

Aerial appliances

Fire appliances Broader Term

Aerial bombingMilitary bombardment by means of bombsdropped from the air.

Bombing, aerial Non-preferred Term

Warfare Broader TermAerial fire fighting Related TermWater bombing Related Term

Aerial fire fighting

Air attack Non-preferred TermAerial bombing Related TermAerial reconnaissance Related TermWater bombing Related Term

Aerial photography

Geographic informationsystems Related Term

Photography Related Term

Aerial reconnaissanceThe use of aircraft for observing firebehaviour, the threat to values, controlactivity, and other crucial factors to facilitatecommand decisions on strategies neededfor suppression.

Aerial fire fighting Related Term

Aerials

Antennas Use

AerodynamicsStudy of interaction between air and solidbodies moving through it.

Aeronautics Related Terms

Aeromedical evacuation

Evacuation Broader TermMedical evacuation Related TermMedical transport Related Term

Aeromedical services

Aeromedical transport Non-preferred TermRoyal Flying Doctor Service Related Term

Aeromedical transport

Aeromedical services Use

AeronauticsThe science of aircraft engineering.

Aerodynamics Related TermAircraft Related TermAviation Related Term


3

Aeroplanes

Aircraft Use

Affected personsPersons who have been adversely affectedby a disaster or emergency.

Disaster affected persons Use

AftershocksSmaller earthquakes following the largestearthquake of a series concentrated in arestricted crustal volume.

Earthquakes Broader Term

Aged

Elderly persons Non-preferred Term

Agencies

Organisations Use

Agricultural chemicals

Chemicals Broader TermPesticides Narrower Term

Agricultural industry

Farms Narrower Term

AgricultureThe science or practice of cultivating the soilor rearing animals.

Farming Non-preferred TermLand management Related TermCrops Narrower Term

AidFree material or financial assistance or othersupport given to an organisation, communityor country.

Developing countries Related TermDisaster relief Related TermRelief payments Related Term

AIDS

Acquired immunodeficienysyndrome Non-preferredTerm

Communicable diseases Broader Term

Blood Related TermHIV infections Related TermHIV Related TermImmunological deficiency

syndrome Related Term

Air attack

Aerial fire fighting Use

Air force

Defence forces Broader Term

Air inversionA meteorological condition in the earth'satmosphere in which the air some distancefrom the earth's surface is higher intemperature than at ground level.

Meteorology Broader Term

Air medicine

Aviation medicine Use

Air pollution

Atmospheric pollution Broader TermPollution Broader TermAir quality Related TermEnvironmental impact Related Term

Air quality

Air pollution Related Term

Air raid shelters

Bomb shelters Related TermPublic shelters Related Term

Air sea rescue

Rescue aircraft Broader TermRescue operations Broader TermSearch and rescue operations Broader Term

Air terminals

Airport terminals Use

Air transportation

Transportation Broader Term

Airbags, rescue equipment

Rescue equipment Broader Term


4

Airbags, safety equipmentAirbags fitted in motor vehicles to provideprotection to passengers in the event of acollision.

Safety equipment Broader Term

AircraftAirborne vehicles.

Aeroplanes Non-preferred TermAirplanes Non-preferred TermAeronautics Related TermAviation Related TermBalloons Related TermAircraft explosions Narrower TermAirships Narrower TermAirtankers Narrower TermHelicopters Narrower TermRescue aircraft Narrower Term

Aircraft accidentsOccurrences during the operation of anaircraft in which any person involved suffersdeath or serious injury or in which theaircraft receives substantial damage.


Aircraft evacuation

Evacuation Broader Term

Aircraft explosions

Aircraft Broader TermExplosions Broader Term

Aircraft fires

Airport fires Related TermFires Broader Term

Aircraft hangars

Airport terminals Related TermAirports Broader Term

Aircraft refuelling

Refuelling Broader Term

Aircraft rescue

Rescue operations Broader Term

Airplanes

Aircraft Use

Airport fire appliances

Fire appliances Broader Term

Airport fire safety

Airports Broader Term

Airport fire services

Fire services Broader Term

Airport fires

Aircraft fires Related Term

Airport terminals

Air terminals Non-preferred TermAirports Broader TermTerminals, transportation Broader termAircraft hangars Related TermHeliports Related Term

Airports

Buildings Broader TermAircraft hangars Narrower TermAirport fire safety Narrower TermAirport terminals Narrower TermHeliports Narrower Term

Airships

Aircraft Broader TermBalloons Narrower Term

Airtankers

Aircraft carrying water.Aircraft Broader Term

Alarm systems

Alarms Broader TermWarning systems Broader TermDetection systems Related TermDistress signals Related TermEmergency warning systems Related TermResponse time Related TermSecurity systems Related TermFire alarms Narrower Term


5

AlarmsSignals giving warning of danger.

Alerts Related TermWarnings Related TermAlarm systems Narrower Term

AlertsThe period when it is believed thatresources may be required which enablesan increased level of preparedness.

Alarms Related TermWarnings Related TermState of alert Narrower TermWeather alerts Narrower Term

Algae

Water quality Related TermPlants Broader Term

All agencies approach

Integrated approach Use

All hazards approachDealing with all types ofemergencies/disasters and civil defenceusing the same set of managementarrangements.

Comprehensive approach Use

Ambulance driving

Motor vehicle driving Broader Term

Ambulance officers

Emergency service personnel Broader TermEmergency personnel Related TermMobile intensive care units Related TermParamedics Related Term

Ambulance services

Emergency medical services Broader TermEmergency services Broader TermCollocation Related TermMobile intensive care units Related Term

Ambulance services training

Training Broader Term

Ambulance stations

Buildings Broader Term

Ambulance transport

Ambulances Broader TermTransport Broader Term

Ambulances

Emergency vehicles Broader TermPatient transport Related TermAmbulance transport Narrower Term

Ammunition

Hazardous materials Broader TermArms factories Related TermBombs Related Term

Ammunition dumps

Hazardous materials storage Broader Term

Anatomy

The structure of an organism

Animal diseases

Veterinary medicine Related TermZoonoses Related TermBird diseases Narrower TermExotic animal diseases Narrower Term

Animal food supply

Animals Related TermDisaster relief,

animal food supply Narrower Term

Animal rescue

Animals Related Term

Animals

Fauna Non-preferred TermWildlife Non-preferred TermAnimal food supply Related TermAnimal rescue Related TermDisaster relief,

Animal food supply Related TermCarcases Related TermExotic animal diseases Related TermDomestic animals Narrower TermInsects Narrower Term

Antennas

Aerials Non-preferred Term


6

Appeals

Donation management Related TermRelief Related TermDisaster appeals Narrower Term

Appliances

Device or equipment.Electrical appliances Narrower TermFire appliances Narrower Term

Architecture

Art or science of building.Building construction Related TermBuilding construction areas Related TermBuildings Related TermEarthquake resistant design Narrower TermEnvironmentally-sensitive

areas Narrower Term

Armed forces

Defence forces Use

Arms factories

Factories Broader TermAmmunition Related Term

Army


Arson

Fires Broader TermFire investigation Related TermIncendiary devices Related TermPyromania Related TermInsurance Related Term

Artificial intelligence

Intelligence Broader Term

Asbestos

Carcinogens Related Term

Asbestos hazards

Hazards Broader Term

Assembly areasDesignated locations used for the assemblyof emergency affected persons, or combator support personnel. The area may alsoincorporate an emergency relief centre.

Evacuation areas Related TermFire refuge areas Related Term

Assessment centres

Disaster assessment Related Term

Associations, Institutions

Voluntary organisations Related Term

Atmosphere

Earth Broader TermAtmospheric pollution Related TermClimate Related TermMeteorology Related TermAtmospheric instability Narrower TermAtmospheric radiation Narrower TermAtmospheric turbulence Narrower Term

Atmospheric instability

Atmosphere Broader Term

Atmospheric pollutionContamination of the atmosphere by largequantities of gases, solids and radiationproduced by the burning of natural andartificial fuels, chemicals and other industrialprocesses and nuclear explosions.

Atmosphere Broader termPollution Broader TermSoil pollution Related TermAir pollution Narrower Term

Atmospheric pressure

Pressure Broader TermHyperbaric chambers Related TermDecompression sickness Narrower Term

Atmospheric radiation

Atmosphere Broader TermRadiation Broader Term

Atmospheric turbulence

Atmosphere Broader Term


7

Atomic bombs

Nuclear weapons Use

Australian aborigines

Aborigines Use

Australian Incident ManagementSystem

Incident management systems Broader Term

Authority

Delegation of authority Related Term

Automatic vehicle location

Vehicles Broader TermGlobal positioning system Related Term

Autopsies

Post mortems Non-preferred TermForensic medicine Broader TermForensic sciences Broader Term

Avalanche hazards

Natural hazards Broader Term

Avalanche rescue


AvalanchesA mass of rock, ice or snow descendingsuddenly.

Natural disasters Broader TermGeological hazards Broader TermLandslides Related Term

AviationArt or practice of operating aircraft.

Aeronautics Related TermAircraft Related Term

Aviation medicine

Air medicine Non-preferred Term

Back burnFires started from a prepared line or otherbarrier to burn an area of flammablematerial in the path of an advancing fire inorder to control that fire.

Fire control Broader TermControlled burning Related Term

Back fillThe process through which a previouslyexcavated hazardous waste site or trench,or other evacuation is filled with non-contaminated organic material andvegetation.

Backboards

Spineboards Use

Balloons

Airships Broader TermMeteorology Related TermAircraft Related TermHot air balloons Narrower Term

Banks and Banking

Financial institutions Use

Barometric pressure

Cyclones Related Term

BarragesBarriers across a stream provided with aseries of gates or other control mechanismsto control the water surface level upstream,to regulate the flow or to divert watersupplies into a canal.

Dams Related TermWeirs Related Term


8

Basic life supportThe provision of basic interventions toprotect the airway, assist breathing andmaintain the circulation without the use ofdrugs, defibrillation or advanced techniques.

Advanced life support Related TermEmergency medicine Related TermFirst aid Related Term

Beaufort scaleA numerical scale for indicating the force orvelocity of wind ranging from 0 for calm to12 for hurricanes, or velocities about 120km/hr.

Wind force Related Term

Behaviour

Human behaviour Narrower Term

Benchmarking

Management Related Term

BereavementLoss of loved ones by death.

Counselling Related TermGrief Related TermGrief counselling Related TermDeath Broader Term

Best practice

Management Related Term

Billeting

Catering Related TermEmergency accommodation Related TermTemporary accommodation Related Term

Biological agentA micro-organism which causes disease inman, plants, or animals or causes thedeterioration of material.

Communicable disease Related Term

Biological disastersDisaster caused by the exposure of livingorganisms to germs and toxic substances.

Disasters Broader Term

Biological hazardous wastesAny substances of human or animal originother than food wastes, which are to bedisposed of and could harbour or transmitpathogenic organisms.

Wastes Broader Term

Biological hazardsIncludes infectious and cytotoxic wastes.

Hazardous materials Broader TermHazards Broader TermBiological wastes Related Term

Biological warfare

Biowarfare Non-preferred TermWarfare Broader TermNuclear warfare Related TermPesticides Related TermBiological weapons Narrower Term

Biological wastes

Biological hazards Related Term

Biological weapons

Biological warfare Broader Term

Biowarfare

Biological warfare Use

Bird diseases

Animal diseases Broader TermDiseases Broader Term

Blackouts

Electricity supply Broader TermBrownouts Related TermPower failures Related Term

Blast effects

Bombings Related Term

Blast injuries

Accidents, Woundsand Injuries Broader Term

Wounds and Injuries Broader Term

Blast waveA pressure pulse formed by an explosion.


9

Shock wave Non-preferred Term

Blasts

Explosives Related TermTunnelling Related Term

BLEVEExplosion normally associated with fires thatinvolve compressed bases in cylinders,rapid rupture of a vessel caused by over-pressure accompanied by rapid burning ofthe tank contents.

Boiling liquid expandingvapour explosion Non-preferred Term

Pressure burst Non-preferred TermExplosions Broader TermLiquefied petroleum gas

explosions Related TermLiquefied petroleum gas fires Related Term

BlizzardsViolent winter storms, lasting at least threehours, which combine below freezingtemperatures and very strong wind ladenwith blowing snow that reduces visibility toless than 1 kilometre.

Snow storms Broader Term

Blood

AIDS Related TermDiseases Related Term

Boats and Boating

Ships Broader TermCargo ships Related TermFlood boats Related TermSailing Related TermFire boats Narrower Term

BodiesCorpses Non-preferred TermDead bodies Non-preferred TermCarcasses Related TermCasualties Related TermDeaths Related Term

Body temperatureTemperature Broader TermHeat stress Related Term

Hypothermia Related Term


10

Boiling liquid expanding vapourexplosion

BLEVE Use

Bomb disposalBomb disposal units Related Term

Bomb disposal unitsBomb disposal Related Term

Bomb reconnaissanceLocation, identification and application ofsafety measures as protection againstunexploded bombs which have been set todetonate.

Civil defence Related TermBombs Broader Term

Bomb sheltersShelters Broader TermAir raid shelters Related TermNuclear bomb shelters Related Term

Bomb threatsBombs Related Term

Bombing, aerialAerial bombing Use

Bombing, waterWater bombing Use

BombingsUse of explosive devices for purposes ofpolitical terrorism, protest, etc.

Blast effects Related TermBombs Related TermTerrorism Related Term


11

BombsHigh-explosive or incendiary material orsmoke or gas etc in a container fired from agun, or thrown or deposited by hand, ordropped from aircraft, and exploded byimpact or by time mechanism.

Ammunition Related TermBomb threats Related TermBombings Related TermExplosives Related TermBomb reconnaissance Narrower TermHydrogen bombs Narrower TermNuclear weapons Narrower Term

BoomsFloating mechanical devices designed tocontrol or divert oil.

Levees Related TermSpillage control Related Term

Breathing apparatusA personal respirator worn to provideprotection from the hazards of gases,vapours, fumes and dusts.

Protective equipment Broader TermRespiration Related TermRespirators Related Term

Bridge collapse

Structural failures Related Term

Bridge construction

Building construction Related Term

Bridge failures

Structural failures Broader TermBridges Related TermFailures Related Term

Bridges

Viaducts Non-preferred TermBridge failure Related Term

Brownouts

Electricity supply Broader TermBlackouts Related TermPower failures Related Term

Building codes

Fire codes Non-preferred TermCodes Broader TermBuilding construction Related TermLegislation Related TermLiability Related TermStandards Related Term

Building collapse

Building construction Broader TermCollapse Broader TermStructural failures Related Term

Building constructionProcess of construction.

Construction Non-preferred TermStructural design Broader TermStructural engineering Broader TermBridge construction Related TermArchitecture Related TermBuilding codes Related TermConstruction industry Related TermBuilding materials Narrower TermBuilding collapse Narrower Term

Building evacuation

Buildings Broader TermEvacuation Broader Term

Building failures

Structural failures Broader TermFailures Related Term

Building materials

Building construction Broader Term


12

Buildings

Structures Non-preferred TermArchitecture Related TermDemolition Related TermFlood proofing Related TermVentilation Related TermAirports Narrower TermAmbulance stations Narrower TermBuilding evacuation Narrower TermChurches Narrower TermFacilities management Narrower TermFactories Narrower TermFire stations Narrower TermFire towers Narrower TermHigh rise buildings Narrower TermHospitals Narrower TermIndustrial buildings Narrower TermLaboratories Narrower TermOffice buildings Narrower TermPolice stations Narrower TermPrisons Narrower TermResidential buildings Narrower TermSchools Narrower TermService stations Narrower Term

Bulletin boards


Bunds(a) Enclosures around plant or tanks tocontain leakage or spillage.(b) Embankments of earth, or a wall of brick,stone, concrete or other approved materialwhich may form part or all of the perimeterof a compound.

Flood dams Related TermLevees Related TermReservoirs Related TermSpillage control Related Term

Burns and scaldsChemical or thermal burns, the formercaused by corrosive substances and thelatter by cryogenic liquids or hot substances.

Accidents, woundsand injuries Broader Term

Burns treatment Related TermChemical burns Related TermScalds Narrower TermThermal burns Narrower Term

Burns treatment

Burns and scalds Related Term

Bus accidents

Bus crashes Non-preferred TermAccidents Broader TermBuses Related TermRoad accidents Related Term

Bus crashes

Bus accidents Use

Buses

Coaches Non-preferred TermMotor vehicles Broader TermBus accidents Related Term

Bush fire damage

Fire damage Broader Term

Bush fire detection

Bush fire evacuation

Evacuation Broader TermBush fire fighting Related Term

Bush fire fighters

Wildfire fighters Non-preferred TermFire fighters Broader Term

Bush fire fighting

Bush fire evacuation Related Term

Bush fire prediction

Prediction Broader Term


13

Bush fire services

Emergency services Broader Term

Bush firesFires in open areas involving grass, scrub orforest.

Bushfires Non-preferred TermFires Broader TermGrass fires Related TermWildfires Related TermCrown fires Narrower TermForest fires Narrower Term

Bushfires

Bush fires Use

Business

Customer service Related TermManagement Related TermPublic relations Related TermService evaluation Related TermBusiness continuity Narrower TermBusiness planning Narrower TermBusiness recovery Narrower Term

Business continuityManagement for the continued availability ofbusiness services.

Business Broader TermSmall business Related Term

Business planning

Business Broader TermPlanning Broader TermSmall business Related Term

Business recoveryTechniques and management principles toreduce the consequences of an event andreturn the business to an acceptable level offunctioning.

Business Broader TermSmall business Related Term

Call signsThe name assigned to a mobile or stationaryradio user for communication purposes.

Radio communications Related Term

CarcassesAnimals Related TermBodies Related Term

CarcinogensAgents which are responsible for theformation of a cancer.

Hazardous materials Broader TermAsbestos Related Term

Cardio-pulmonary resuscitationCPR UseResuscitation Broader Term

Cargo ship firesCargo ships Broader TermFires Broader Term

Cargo shipsShips Broader TermBoats and boating Related TermContainer ships Related TermTanker ships Related TermCargo ship fires Narrower Term

CarsMotor vehicles Broader Term

Case documentationCase studies Related Term

Case studiesCase documentation Related Term


14

CasualtiesPersons who are injured or killed as theresult of an accident or emergency.

Victims Broader TermBodies Related TermDisaster affected persons Related TermFatalities Related TermCasualty documentation Narrower termCasualty identification Narrower TermInjured persons Narrower TermMass casualties Narrower Term

Casualty clearing stations

First aid post Related TermTriage, medicine Related Term

Casualty documentation

Casualties Broader Term

Casualty identification

Casualties Broader TermDisaster victim identification Related Term

Catastrophes

Disasters Use

Catering

Billeting Related Term

Cave rescue

Rescue operations Broader TermCaves Related Term

Caves

Cave rescue Related Term

Cellular phones

Mobile telephones Use

Cellular telephone systems

Mobile telephones Use

CensusOfficial numbering of population.

Demographics Broader TermPopulation statistics Related Term

Cervical collars

Medical equipment Broader TermImmobilisation Related TermSpineboards Related Term

Chemical agents

Chemical hazards Broader Term

Chemical burns

Burns Related Term

Chemical carriers (tankers)

Chemical tankers Use

Chemical fires

Fires Broader TermTanker fires Related Term

Chemical hazardsHazards involving chemicals or processeswhich may realise their potential throughagencies such as fire, explosion, toxic orcorrosive effects.

Hazardous materials Broader TermHazards Broader TermTechnological hazards Broader TermChemical agents Narrower Term

Chemical industry

Industries Broader TermGas industry Related TermChemical industry

waste disposal Narrower TermPetrochemical industry Narrower TermPetroleum industry Narrower Term

Chemical industry waste disposal

Chemical industry Broader TermWaste disposal Broader Term

Chemical plants

Environmental risk Related TermHazards Related Term

Chemical pollutants

Environmental impact Related Term


15

Chemical spills

Spills Broader TermDispersing agents Related Term

Chemical substances

Chemicals Use

Chemical tankers

Chemical carriers Non-preferred TermHazardous materials

transportation Broader TermTankers Broader Term

Chemical warfare

Warfare Broader TermNuclear warfare Related Term

Chemical weapons

Weapons Broader Term

Chemicals

Chemical substances Non-preferred TermHazardous materials Broader TermAgricultural chemicals Narrower TermPetrochemicals Narrower Term

Chemists

Pharmacies Related Term

ChildrenPeople from 3 - 12 years

Adolescents Related Term

Churches


Cities

Towns Related TermUrban areas Related Term

Citizen Band operators

Radio operators Broader Term

Citizen participation

Public participation Use

Civil defenceThe measures necessary to protect thecivilian population of the State from theeffects of enemy attack or hostilities and tohelp it recover from the immediate effects ofa disaster or war-like act.

Civil defense Non-preferred TermBomb reconnaissance Related TermEmergency planning Related TermEmergency services Related Term

Civil defense

Civil defence Use

Civil disorderA riot, violent protest, demonstration orillegal assembly that may affect publicsafety.

Riots Narrower Term

Civil emergenciesState of insurrection.

Emergencies Broader TermCivil rights Related Term

Civil engineering

Engineering Broader Term

Civil protection

Emergency management Use

Civil rights

Civil emergencies Related Term

Civil service

Public service Use

Civil wars

Insurrections Related Term

Classification systems

Labelling Related Term

Claustrophobia

Human behaviour Broader Term

Clean-upProcess of restoring a hazardous waste siteor spill.


16

Climate

Atmosphere Related TermClimatology Related TermClimatic changes Narrower Term

Climate impact assessmentChange observed in the climate on a global,regional or sub-regional scale caused bynatural processes and/or climatic changes.Changes observed in the climate on aglobal, regional or sub-regional scalecaused by natural processes and/or humanactivity.

Climate Broader TermDesertification Related TermGlobal warming Related TermGreenhouse effect Related Term

Climatic hazards


ClimatologyStudy of effect of factors relating to climate.

Climate Related Term

Clothing

Protective clothing Narrower Term

CoordinationThe bringing together of agencies andelements to ensure effective response andrecovery to emergencies. Is primarilyconcerned with the systematic acquisitionand application of resources (agency,personnel and equipment) in accordancewith the requirements imposed by theemergency or emergencies.

Command Related TermControl Related Term

Coaches

Buses Use

Coal mines

Mines Broader Term

Coastal changes

Coasts Related Term

Coastal ecology

Ecology Broader TermCoastal ecology Related TermCoastal erosion Related TermCoastal impact Related TermCoasts Related Term

Coastal erosion

Coastal ecology Related TermCoastal impact Related Term

Coastal impact

Coastal ecology Related TermCoastal erosion Related Term

Coastal zone management

Coastal zones Broader TermZones Broader TermCoasts Related Term

Coastal zones

Zones Broader TermCoasts Related TermCoastal zones management Narrower Term

Coasts

Coastal changes Related TermCoastal ecology Related TermCoastal zone management Related TermCoastal zones Related Term

Codes

Signs Related TermBuilding codes Narrower TermColour codes Narrower TermIdentification codes Narrower TermInjury codes Narrower Term

Cold

Frostbite Related TermHypothermia Related TermShivering Related Term

Cold storage

Refrigeration plants Related Term


17

CollapseThe physical deformation of a structure tothe point where it no longer fulfils itsintended purpose.

Building collapse Narrower Term

Collective behaviour

Crowd behaviour Non-preferred TermHuman behaviour Broader TermCrowds Related Term

Collocation

Ambulance services Related TermFire services Related TermPolice services Related Term

Colour codes

Codes Broader Term

Combat agencies

Lead agencies Use

Combustible liquidsLiquids having a flash point and which arenot flammable liquids.

Combustible materials Broader TermFlammable liquids Related Term

Combustible materials

Hazardous materials Broader TermFlammable materials Related TermCombustible liquids Narrower TermCombustible solids Narrower Term

Combustible solids

Combustible materials Broader Term

Combustion(a) Consumption of fuels by oxidation, givingout heat, and generally flame and/orincandescence. (b) The process of burning.

Spontaneous combustion Narrower Term

Combustion products

Smoke Narrower Term

CommandThe direction of members and resources ofan organisation in the performance of theorganisation’s role and tasks.

Coordination Related TermCommand systems Related TermControl Related Term

Command systemsSystems for managing incidents by settingdown the chain of command and allocatingtasks etc.

Command Related TermIncident control systems Related Term

CommanderAn officer appointed by an agency,responsible for command of their personnel

Communicable diseasesAn infectious condition that can betransmitted from one living person or animalto another through a variety of channels,according to the nature of the disease.

Infectious diseases Non-preferred TermDiseases Broader TermInfection Broader TermBiological agent Related TermImmunisation Related TermNotifiable diseases Related TermHIV Narrower TermAIDS Narrower Term

Communication

Conflict management Related TermConflict resolution Related TermCounselling Related TermGesture Related TermGroup think Related TermManagement Related TermCommunication skills Narrower TermNon-verbal communication Narrower TermRisk communication Narrower TermTranslation Narrower Term


18

Communication centres

Communications Broader TermComputer aided dispatch Related TermControl centres Related TermEmergency operations centres Narrower Term

Communication skills

Communication Broader TermInterpersonal skills Related TermNonverbal communication Related Term

Communications

Signals Related TermCommunication centres Narrower TermDisaster communications Narrower TermElectronic mail Narrower TermEmergency communications Narrower TermRadio communications Narrower TermTelecommunications Narrower Term

Communications systems

Control centres Related TermPolice communication systemsNarrower Term

CommunityA group with a commonality of associationand generally defined by location, sharedexperience or function.

Community awareness Related TermCommunity education Related TermCommunity health Related TermCommunity preparedness Related TermCommunity safety Related Term

Community awareness

Adult education Related TermCommunity Related TermCommunity education Related TermEducation Related TermPublic education Related TermPublic participation Related TermPublic awareness Broader Term

Community education

Adult education Related TermCommunity Related TermCommunity awareness Related TermCommunity preparedness Related TermDisaster education Related TermEducation Related TermPublic education Related Term

Community health

Community Related TermEnvironmental health Related TermCommunity health services Narrower Term

Community health services

Community health Broader Term

Community preparedness

Emergency preparedness Broader TermCommunity Related TermCommunity education Related TermDisaster education Related TermPublic awareness Related Term

Community recovery

Recovery Use

Community recovery committeesCommittees which may be convened afteran emergency to provide a managementforum for the recovery process in respect ofan affected area or a specific community.

Recovery Broader Term

Community safety

Community Related TermPublic safety Related Term

Compensation

Insurance Related Term

CompetenciesSkills and knowledge required to complete aspecific task.

Personnel management Broader TermCompetency standards Narrower Term


19

Competency standardsStandards of performance expressed in'units of competency' applicable to a 'rangeof variables' where Unit means a broadcomponent of work. A competencystandard is applicable to a range ofvariables and spells out the range ofcontexts and conditions to which theperformance criteria apply.

Competencies Broader Term

Comprehensive approach

The development of emergency and disasterarrangements to embrace the aspects ofprevention, preparedness, response and recovery(PPRR).

All hazards approach Non-preferred TermIntegrated emergency

management Related Term

Compressed air

Gases Broader Term

Compression garments

Medical emergencies Related Term

Computer aided design

Computers Broader Term.

Computer aided dispatchUse of computer-based technology to assistemergency services organisations todispatch and monitor the provision ofservices.

Communication centres Related TermControl centres Related TermEmergency medical dispatch Related TermDispatch Narrower Term

Computer assisted instruction

Teaching Broader Term

Computer communications

Computer networks Related Term

Computer networks

Computer communications Related Term

Computer programs

Computers Broader TermGeographic information

systems Narrower TermGlobal positioning systems Narrower Term

Computers

Databases Related TermInformation management Related TermComputer aided design Narrower TermComputer programs Narrower Term

Confidentiality

Ethics Related TermHuman rights Related TermPrivacy Related Term

Confined space

Trench rescue Related Term

Confined space rescue

Rescue operations Broader TermExtrication Related TermConfined space Related Term

ConflagrationsLarge and destructive fires.

Mass fires Broader TermFire storms Related Term

Conflict managementExercise of various approaches to resolutionof conflicts.

Communication Related TermEmergency management Related TermConflict resolution Narrower Term

Conflict resolution

Conflict management Broader TermCommunication Related TermEmergency management Related TermIndustrial relations Related Term

Consent

Informed consent Narrower Term

Conservation

Preservation Related Term


20

Soil conservation Narrower Term

Conservation movement

Environmental movement Related TermConservationists Related Term

Conservationists

Environmental movement Related Term

Construction

Building construction Use

Construction industry

Building construction Related Term

Container ships

Ships Broader TermCargo ships Related Term

Contaminated land

Environmental impact Related Term

Contamination(a) Invasion of a person or animal bypathogenic germs.(b) Presence of an infectious agent oninanimate articles such as clothes, surgicalinstruments, dressings, water, milk, food.

Pollution Related Term

Contingency planning

Plans Broader TermContingency plans Related TermCrisis management plan Related TermDisaster plans Related TermResponse planning Related Term

Contingency plansPlans for specified conditions.

Plans Broader TermCrisis management plans Related TermDisaster plans Related TermEmergency plans Related TermIncident management plans Related Term

Continuing education

Education Broader TermAdult education Related Term

ControlThe overall direction of response andrecovery activities in an emergencysituation.

Coordination Related TermCommand Related Term

Control agenciesAgencies nominated to control the responseactivities to a specified type of emergency.

Support agencies Narrower Term

Control areasDeclared areas in an exotic animal diseaseemergency in which defined conditionsapply to the movement into, out of, andwithin specified animals or things.

Zones Broader TermExclusion Areas Related TermRestricted Areas Related TermZone management Related Term

Control centres

Communication centres Related TermCommunications systems Related TermComputer-aided dispatch Related TermEmergency control centres Related TermEmergency operations centres Related Term

Controlled burningMan-made and controlled fires for thepurposes of hazard reduction or forestregeneration.

Back burn Related TermFuel reduction Related TermPrescribed burning Related TermHazard reduction Related Term

ConvergenceThe propensity for emergency servicespersonnel and others to be physically drawnto an emergency site.

Cooperation

Emergency servicescooperation Narrower Term


21

Cooperation, interagency

Interagency cooperation Non-preferred TermEmergency servicesCooperation Narrower term

Coping strategies

Disaster psychology Broader TermDisaster victims Broader Term

Cordage

Lifelines Related TermRope rescue Related Term

Coroners

Inquests Related TermCoronial enquiries Related Term

Coronial inquiries

Coroners Related TermInquests Related Term

Corpses

Bodies Use

CorrosionThe gradual deterioration of material bychemical processes such as oxidation orattack by acids.

Corrosive materialsMaterials which, by chemical action, willcause severe damage in contact with livingtissue, or will damage or even destroy othermaterials, especially metals (DangerousGoods Class 8).

Corrosive substances Non-preferred TermHazardous materials Broader TermCorrosive materials transport Narrower TermCorrosive materials storage Narrower Term

Corrosive materials storage

Corrosive materials Broader Term

Corrosive materials transport

Corrosive materials Broader Term

Corrosive substances

Corrosive materials Use

Cost benefit analysis

Cost effectiveness Related TermFinancial management Related Term

Cost effectiveness

Financial management Broader TermCost benefit analysis Related Term

CounsellingThe provision of psychological support andadvice to persons involved in an accident.

Bereavement Related TermCommunication Related TermCrisis intervention Related TermCritical incident stress Related TermDefusing Related TermEmotional support Related TermPost traumatic stress Related TermStress, physiology Related Term

Counter disaster management


Country areas

Rural areas Use

CPR

Cardio-pulmonaryresuscitation Non-preferredTerm

Resuscitation Broader Term

Crashes

Accidents Use

Creeks

Rivers Broader Term

CrimeAct punishable by law.

Law enforcement Related TermShooting Related TermVandalism Related TermVictims of crime Related TermViolence Related Term


22

CrisesTimes of danger and suspense.

Disasters Related TermEmergency management Related TermCrisis intervention Narrower Term

Crisis intervention

Crises Broader TermCounselling Related TermEmotional support Related Term

Crisis management


Crisis management plans

Emergency plans Use

Critical incident stressAn acute stress reaction caused byexposure to a traumatic event.

Critical incidents Broader TermStress, physiology Broader TermCounselling Related TermCritical incident stress

management Related TermPost traumatic stress Related TermTraumatic stress Related Term

Critical incident stress debriefingThe process of ensuring the welfare ofemergency service and other personnelfollowing a potentially traumatic incident.

Debriefing Related TermPost traumatic stress

debriefing Related TermPsychological debriefing Related TermTrauma counselling Related Term

Critical incident stress management

Critical incident stress Related Term

Critical incidentsSituations faced by emergency workers thatcause them to experience unusually strongemotional reactions which have the potentialto interfere with their ability to function eitherat the scene or later.

Critical incident stress Narrower Term

Crops

Agriculture Broader Term

Crowd behaviour

Collective behaviour Use

Crowd control

Spectator control Non-preferred TermCrowds Related Term

Crowd management

Fear Related TermHuman behaviour Related Term

Crowds

Collective behaviour Related TermCrowd control Related TermCrowd behaviour Related TermDemonstrations Related TermHuman behaviour Related TermRiots Related Term

Crown fires

Bush fires Broader Term

Crush injuries

Accidents, Wounds andinjuries Broader TermWounds and injuries Broader TermCrush syndrome Narrower Term

Crush syndromeShock state after crush injury usuallyaccompanied by kidney injury.

Crush injuries Broader Term

Cryogenic materials

Hazardous materials Broader Term

Customer service

Business Related TermManagement Related Term

Cyclone damage

Damage Broader TermWind damage Related Term


23

Cyclone forecasts

Forecasting Broader Term

Cyclone plans

Plans Broader Term

Cyclone preparedness

Cyclones Broader TermPreparedness Broader Term

Cyclone surges

Storm surges Use

Cyclone tracking

Cyclones Broader Term

Cyclone warningA message released by a tropical cyclonewarning centre (TCWC) when the existenceof a cyclone or a developing disturbancewith potential to develop into a cycloneexists and is expected to cause at least galeforce winds in the coastal areas within 24hours.

Cyclone warning systems Narrower Term

Cyclone warning systems

Cyclone warning Broader TermWarning systems Broader Term

CyclonesLarge scale closed circulation systems inthe atmosphere with low barometricpressure and strong winds that rotatecounterclockwise in the northernhemisphere and clockwise in the southernhemisphere. The system is referred to as a‘cyclone’ in the Indian Ocean and SouthPacific, ‘hurricane’ in the western Atlanticand eastern pacific and ‘typhoon’ in thewestern Pacific.

Natural disasters Broader TermWeather hazards Broader TermBarometric pressure Related TermHurricanes Related TermMonsoons Related TermTornadoes Related TermTyphoons Related TermCyclone preparedness Narrower Term

Cyclone tracking Narrower TermTropical cyclones Narrower Term


24

Dam collapse

Dam failure Related Term

Dam failure warning systems

Dam failure Broader TermWarning systems Broader Term

Dam failureThe uncontrolled release of the contents ofdams through collapse of the dam or somepart of it, or the inability of a dam to performfunctions such as water supply, preventionof excessive seepage or containment ofhazardous substances.

Dams Broader TermDam collapse Related TermFailures Related TermDam failure warning systems Narrower Term

Damage assessment(a) A report on the extent of damage causedby a damaging event.(b) The act of making such a report.

Damage classification Narrower TermImpact assessment Narrower Term

Damage classificationEvaluation and recording of damage tostructures, facilities or objects according tocategories of "severe damage", "moderatedamage" and "light damage".

Damage assessment Broader Term

DamageHarm to an inanimate object which disruptsits intended functional continuity.

Cyclone damage Narrower TermEarthquake damage Narrower TermFlood damage Narrower TermFire damage Narrower TermSmoke damage Narrower TermStorm damage Narrower TermWater damage Narrower TermWind damage Narrower Term

Dams

Barrages Related TermFlood dams and reservoirs Related TermLevees Related TermReservoirs Related TermSpillways Related TermWeirs Related TermDam failure Narrower Term

Dangerous goodsSubstances which are either specificallylisted in the ADG Code or meet theclassification criteria of the ADG Code.

Dangerous substances Non-preferred TermHazardous materials Broader Term

Dangerous substances

Dangerous goods Use

Databases

Computers Related Term

Dead bodies

Bodies Use

Death

Bereavement Narrower Term

Deaths

Bodies Related TermFatalities Related TermHomicide Related TermMorbidity rate Related TermMortality Related TermMortality rate Related TermDrowning Narrower TermSuicide Narrower Term

DebriefingThe process of sharing the good and badpoints of the response to an incident as ameans to improving any future planning andresponses.

Critical incident stressdebriefing Related Term

Defusing Related TermPost traumatic stress

debriefing Narrower Term


25

Psychological debriefing Narrower Term

Debris

Space debris Narrower TermDisaster debris Narrower Term

Declaration of disaster

State of disaster Related TermState of emergency Related Term

Decompression chambersChambers in which the pressure can bevaried in which persons who have beensubjected to abnormal pressure remainwhile returning gradually to atmosphericpressure.

Decompression sickness Related Term

Decompression sickness

Atmospheric pressure Broader TermDecompression chambers Related TermDiving Related TermDiving injuries Related Term

DecontaminationThe process of reducing and preventing thespread of contamination from persons andequipment used at a dangerous goodsincident.

Disinfection Related Term

Defence forces

Armed forces Non-preferred TermMilitary services Non-preferred TermAir force Narrower TermArmy Narrower TermNavy Narrower Term

Defence forces assistance

Military aid Non-preferred TermMilitary assistance Non-preferred TermMilitary bases Related Term

Defibrillation

Defibrillators Narrower Term

Defibrillators

Defibrillation Broader TermMedical equipment Broader Term

DeflagrationThe chemical oxidation reaction (burning) ofhydrocarbon material in which the reactionfront advances into the unreacted materialat less than sonic velocity.

Detonation Related TermExplosions Related Term

DeforestationThe clearing or destruction of a previouslyforested area.

Forestry Related Term

DefusingAn informal opportunity for emergencyworkers to spontaneously interact with theirfellow workers after response to anemergency to assist in removing the causeof tension from the event.

Counselling Related TermDebriefing Related TermEmotional support Related Term

Degradation

Environmental degradation Narrower Term

DehydrationRemoval of water

Heat Related Term

Delegation of authority

Personnel management Broader TermAuthority Related Term

DelugeInundation with heavy rain.

Rain and rainfall Broader TermStorms Related Term

DemographyStatistical studies of conditions of life incommunities, eg. births, deaths.

Population Related TermSociology Related TermUrbanisation Related TermCensus Narrower TermPopulation density Narrower TermPopulation statistics Narrower Term


26

DemolitionDestruction of a building or structure.

Buildings Related TermLevees Related Term

Demonstrations

Crowds Related Term

Desalination

Salination Related Term

DesertificationThe processes by which an already aridarea becomes more barren, less capable ofretaining vegetation, and progressingtowards becoming a desert.

Climatic changes Related TermEnvironmental change Related TermErosion Related Term

Despatch

Dispatch Use

Detection systems

Alarm systems Related Term

Detectors

Response time Related TermGas detectors Narrower Term

DetonationAn explosion caused by the rapid chemicalreaction of a substance at sonic velocity andin association with a shock wave in whichthe flame front moves in excess of sonicspeed.

Deflagration Related TermExplosions Related TermExplosives Related Term

Developing countries

Aid Related TermDisaster relief Related Term

Diagnosis

Health risk assessment Related TermPatient assessment Related Term

Dikes

Levels Broader Term

DirectivesPolicy and guidance documents.

Procedures Related Term

Disabled persons

Handicapped Related TermIntellectually handicapped

persons Related TermPhysically handicapped Narrower Term

Disaster affected personsPeople, groups or organisations that mayexperience benefit or harm as a result of ahazard, or of the process leading to riskcharacterisation, or of a decision about risk.

Affected persons Non-preferred TermDisaster victims Related TermCasualties Related TermEmergency affected persons Related Term

Disaster appeals

Appeals Broader Term

Disaster areasA geographical part of the State or Territoryin which a state of emergency or disasterexists.

Disaster management Related TermEmergency areas Related TermExclusion areas Related Term

Disaster assessmentSurvey of real or potential disasters toestimate actual or expected damages and tomake recommendations for prevention,preparedness and response.

Assessment centres Related TermMonitoring Related TermReconnaissance Related Term

Disaster assistance

Disaster relief Related Term

Disaster communications

Communications Broader Term


27

Disaster debris

Debris Broader Term

Disaster education

Community education Related TermCommunity preparedness Related TermPublic awareness Related Term

Disaster exercises

Exercises Broader Term

Disaster insurance

Insurance Broader Term

Disaster managementThe body of policy and administrativedecisions and operational activities whichpertain to the various stages of a disaster atall levels.

Disaster areas Related TermDisaster prevention Related TermEmergency management Related TermIncident management Related TermMovement control Related TermRemote areas Related TermDisaster mitigation Narrower TermDisaster preparedness Narrower TermDisaster recovery Narrower TermDisaster response Narrower TermStaging areas Narrower Term

Disaster medicineThe study and collaborative application ofvarious health disciplines to the prevention,preparedness, response and recovery fromthe health problems arising from disaster.

Emergency medicine Related TermEpidemiology Related TermMass casualty management Related TermPre-hospital care Related TermTriage, medicine Related Term

Disaster mitigation

Measures taken in advance of a disaster aimedat decreasing or eliminating its impact on societyand environment.Disaster reduction Non-preferred TermDisaster management Broader Term

Mitigation Broader TermHazard mitigation Related Term

Disaster planning

Disaster plans Related TermEmergency management Related Term

Disaster plansDocumented schemes of assignedresponsibilities, actions and procedures,required in the event of an emergency andmay be called emergency plans in somestates.

Plans Broader TermContingency plans Related TermDisaster plans Related TermEmergency plans Related TermRecovery plans Related TermDisplans Narrower TermFlood plans Narrower TermOperational planning Narrower TermLocal government

disaster plans Narrower Term

Disaster preparedness

Disaster management Broader TermEmergency management Broader TermPreparedness Broader Term

Disaster preventionRegulatory and physical measures to ensurethat emergencies are prevented, or thereeffects mitigated.

Disasters Broader TermEmergency management Broader TermDisaster management Related TermMitigation Related Term

Disaster psychology

Psychology Broader TermDisaster victim psychology Related TermCoping strategies Narrower Term


28

Disaster recoveryThe coordinated process of supportingdisaster affected communities inreconstruction of the physical infrastructureand restoration of emotional, social,economic and physical well-being.

Disaster management Broader TermEmergency management Broader TermRecovery Related TermDisaster response Related TermRecovery plans Related TermWelfare Related TermDisaster recovery services Narrower TermDisaster relief Narrower TermRecovery management Narrower Term

Disaster recovery services

Disaster recovery Broader Term

Disaster reduction

Disaster mitigation Use

Disaster reliefThe provision of immediate shelter, lifesupport and human needs of personsaffected by, or responding to, anemergency.

Disaster recovery Broader TermRelief Broader TermAid Related TermDeveloping countries Related TermDisaster assistance Related TermDisaster welfare services Related TermNominated agencies Related TermRehabilitation Related Term

Disaster relief, Animal food supply

Animal food supply Broader TermAnimals Related Term

Disaster relief, Financial aspects

Finance Related TermFinancial planning Narrower TermFinancial policy Narrower Term

Disaster research

Disasters Broader Term

Disaster responseActions taken in anticipation of, andimmediately after an emergency to ensurethat its effects are minimised, and thatpeople affected are given immediate reliefand support.

Disaster management Broader TermDisaster recovery Related TermEmergency response Related TermLead time Related TermResponse agency Narrower Term

Disaster victim counselling

Disaster victims Broader Term

Disaster victim identificationProcedures used to positively identifydeceased victims of multiple-casualtyemergencies.

Identification Non-preferred TermVictim identification Non-preferred TermDisaster victims Broader TermCasualty identification Related Term

Disaster victim legal status


Disaster victim medical care


Disaster victim psychology

Disaster victims Broader TermPsychology Broader TermDisaster psychology Related Term

Disaster victims

Victims Broader TermDisaster affected persons Related TermCoping strategies Narrower TermDisaster victim counselling Narrower TermDisaster victim identification Narrower TermDisaster victim legal status Narrower TermDisaster victim medical care Narrower TermDisaster victim psychology Narrower Term

Disaster vulnerability

Vulnerability Broader Term


29

Disaster warnings

Warnings Related Term

Disaster welfare services

Welfare support Broader TermDisaster relief Related TermPersonal support services Related Term

DisastersConditions or situations of significantdestruction, disruption and/or distress to acommunity.

Catastrophes Non-preferred TermCrises Related TermEmergencies Related TermHazards Related TermPost disaster mitigation Related TermPost disaster operations Related TermState of disaster Related TermBiological disasters Narrower TermDisaster prevention Narrower TermDisaster research Narrower TermNatural disasters Narrower TermOil disasters Narrower TermSocio-technological disasters Narrower TermTechnological disasters Narrower Term

DischargeThe rate of flow of water measured in termsof volume per unit time.

Floods Related Term

Discrimination

Racism Related Term

Disease controlAll policies, precautions and measurestaken to prevent the outbreak or spread ofcommunicable diseases.

Diseases Broader Term

Disease notification

Notifiable diseases Related Term

Disease surveillanceHealth systems used to monitor, observeand evaluate on a continuing basis theprogress of disease with the view topreventing or curing it.

Diseases Related Term

Diseases

Blood Related TermDisease surveillance Related TermEndemic diseases Related TermEnteric diseases Related TermEpidemics Related TermInfections Related TermInfectious diseases Related TermPlagues Related TermBird diseases Narrower TermDisease control Narrower TermCommunicable diseases Narrower TermMorbidity Narrower TermNotifiable diseases Narrower TermPlant diseases Narrower TermZoonoses Narrower Term

DisinfectionDestruction of disease causing organisms.

Decontamination Related TermSterilisation Related Term

DislocationSeparation of persons from home orcommunity.

Evacuation Related Term

Dispatch(a) The act of ordering attack crews and/orsupport units to respond to a fire, or fromone place to another.(b) The activation of emergency servicesand other resources to respond to requestsfor assistance.

Despatch Non-preferred TermComputer aided dispatch Broader TermMobilisation Related TermEmergency medical dispatch Narrower Term


30

Dispersing agentsChemical formulations containing non-ionicsurface active agents that lower theinterfacial tension between oil and water andenable the oil film to break up more easilyunder the natural wave action or mechanicalagitation.

Chemical spills Related TermOil spills Related Term

DispersionThe process of dilution of a hazardoussubstance with the surrounding fluid.

Hazardous materials Related Term

Displaced personsPersons who, for different reasons orcircumstances, have been compelled toleave their homes. They may or may notreside in their country of origin, but are notlegally regarded as refugees.

Evacuees Related TermRefugees Related TermRefugees health Related Term

Displans

Disaster plans Broader TermEmergency plans Related Term

Distress signalsDevices intended for signalling, warning orrescue.

Alarm systems Related TermFlares Related Term

Diving

Decompression sickness Related Term

Diving injuries

Accidents, woundsand injuries Broader Term

Wounds and injuries Broader TermDecompression sickness Related Term

Docks

Ports Related Term

Domestic animals

Animals Broader TermPets Related Term

Donation management

Appeals Related Term

DosimetersInstruments for measuring and registeringtotal accumulated exposure to ionisingradiation.

Radiation Broader Term

Down burstsViolent and damaging down-draughtreaching the surface, associated with asevere thunderstorm.

Micro bursts Related Term

Drainage

Flood control Related Term

Drenchers

Water curtains Related Term

Drilling platforms

Oil well drilling rigs Related Term

Drilling rigs

Drilling platforms Related TermGas wells Related TermOffshore drilling rigs Related TermOil wells Related Term

DrillsMethods of training through the repetitiveexecution of an action or series of actions.

Emergency drills Related TermExercises Related TermMock disaster training Related TermSimulation training Related TermTable top exercises Related TermTraining Related TermEvacuation drills Narrower TermFire drills Narrower Term

Drinking water

Potable water Non-preferred TermWater Broader Term


31

Drought forecasting

Drought forecasts Related Term

Drought forecasts


Drought relief

Relief Broader TermDroughts Related Term

Droughts

Natural disasters Broader TermDrought relief Related TermEl Niño Related TermFamines Related Term

Drowning

Deaths Broader TermWater rescue Related Term

Drug abuse

Drugs Broader Term

Drugs

Medications Related TermDrug abuse Narrower Term

DustSmall solid particles that settle out undertheir own weight but that may remainsuspended for some time.

Gases Related TermVapours Related TermDust explosions Narrower TermDust fires Narrower Term

Dust explosions

Dusts Broader TermExplosions Broader Term

Dust fires

Dusts Broader TermFires Broader Term

Dust stormsDust/sand energetically lifted by strong andturbulent winds.

Storms Broader Term

Duty of care

Negligence Related Term

Dwellings

Housing Use


32

E-mail

Electronic mail Use

Early warning systems

Warning systems Broader TermFlood warning systems Related Term

Earth

Earth tremors Related TermEarthquakes Related TermAtmosphere Narrower Term

Earth tremors

Earthquakes Broader TermEarth Related Term

Earthquake damage

Damage Broader TermEarthquakes Broader Term

Earthquake engineering

Earthquakes Broader TermEngineering Broader Term

Earthquake hazard analysis

Earthquakes Broader TermHazard analysis Broader TermZonation Related Term

Earthquake hazards

Natural hazards Broader TermTsunamis Related Term

Earthquake insurance

Earthquakes Broader TermInsurance Broader Term

Earthquake intensityA measure of ground shaking obtained fromthe damage done to structures built byhumans, changes in the Earth’s surface andfelt reports.

Earthquake magnitude Related TermEarthquakes Related Term

Earthquake magnitudeA quantity that is characteristic of the totalenergy released by an earthquake, incontrast to ‘intensity’ which subjectivelydescribes earthquake effects at a particularplace.

Earthquake intensity Related TermEarthquakes Related Term

Earthquake prediction

Earthquakes Broader TermPrediction Broader Term

Earthquake preparedness

Earthquakes Broader TermPreparedness Broader Term

Earthquake resistant design

Architecture Broader TermEarthquakes Broader Term

Earthquake riskThe probability of earthquakes of givenmagnitude occurring in a region.

Seismic risk Non-preferred TermEarthquakes Broader Term

Earthquake safety

Seismic safety Non-preferred Term

Earthquake warning systems

Warning systems Broader Term

EarthquakesThe vibrations of the Earth caused by thepassage of seismic waves radiating fromsome source of elastic energy.

Natural disasters Broader TermEarth Related TermEarthquake intensity Related TermEarthquake magnitude Related TermLiquefaction Related TermRichter scale Related TermSeismic zones Related TermSeismometers Related TermSeismology Related TermTremors Related TermAftershocks Narrower TermEarth tremors Narrower Term


33

Earthquake damage Narrower TermEarthquake engineering Narrower TermEarthquake hazard analysis Narrower TermEarthquake prediction Narrower TermEarthquake resistant design Narrower TermEarthquake preparedness Narrower TermEarthquake risk Narrower TermEpicentre Narrower TermFault, geology Narrower TermInsurance, earthquake Narrower Term

Earthwork excavation

Shafts, Evacuation Narrower Term

Ecological risk

Environmental risk Broader Term

Ecology

Environmental degradation Related TermCoastal ecology Narrower Term

EcosystemsInteracting systems of biologicalcommunities, both plant and animal andtheir non-living surroundings.

Environment Related Term

Education

Adult education Related TermCommunity awareness Related TermCommunity education Related TermExaminations Related TermTeaching Related TermTraining Related TermContinuing education Narrower TermIn-service training Narrower TermOccupational training Narrower TermSafety education Narrower TermTable top exercises Narrower TermTraining courses Narrower TermTraining exercises Narrower TermTraining facilities Narrower TermTraining needs analysis Narrower TermTraining programs Narrower Term

Effluents(a) Discharges or outflows of water fromground drainage system or subsurfacestorage facility.(b) Solid, liquid, or gas wastes which enterthe environment as a by-product of man-oriented processes.

Pollution Related Term

EgressA route of travel from any point inside abuilding or area to a point outside thebuilding or area.

Access Related TermEscape routes Related TermEvacuation Related TermExits Related Term

El NiñoAn anomalous warming of ocean waterresulting from the oscillation of a current inthe South Pacific.

Droughts Related Term

Elderly persons

Aged Use

Electric shock

Shock Broader Term

Electrical appliances

Appliances Broader TermElectricity Broader Term

Electrical burns

Electricity Related TermElectrocution Related Term

Electricity

Electrical burns Related TermElectrical appliances Narrower TermElectricity supply Narrower Term

Electricity supply

Electricity Broader TermPower supply Broader TermBlackouts Narrower TermBrownouts Narrower TermPower failures Narrower Term


34

Electrocution

Electrical burns Related Term

Electronic mail

Email Non-preferred TermCommunications Broader TermElectronic mail systems Related TermInternet Related Term

Electronic mail systems

Bulletin boards Non-preferred TermEmail systems Non-preferred TermElectronic mail Related Term

Elevators

Lifts Non-preferred Term

Email systems


Embankments

Levees Narrower Term

Emblems

Insignia Related Term

EmergenciesEvents, actual or imminent, which endangeror threaten to endanger life, property or theenvironment, and which require a significantand coordinated response.

Disasters Related TermEmergency drills Related TermEmergency grants Related TermEmergency medicine Related TermEmergency shelters Related TermEmergency services Related TermEmergency supplies Related TermFood aid Related TermHazards Related TermMedical emergencies Related TermCivil emergencies Narrower TermEmergency accommodation Narrower TermEmergency communications Narrower TermEmergency housing Narrower TermEmergency power supply Narrower TermEmergency preparedness Narrower TermEmergency relief Narrower Term

Emergency vehicles Narrower TermEmergency response Narrower TermEnvironmental emergencies Narrower TermExplosions Narrower Term

Emergency accommodation

Emergencies Broader TermBilleting Related TermEmergency housing Related TermShelters Related TermEvacuation centres Related TermTemporary accommodation Related Term

Emergency affected personsPeople, other than emergency managementpersonnel, who experience losses or injuryor are affected by an emergency. Usuallyunderstood to exclude the dead.

Disaster affected persons Related Term

Emergency areasAn area from which it is necessary toexclude persons due to the size, nature orlocation of an emergency, so as to ensurepublic safety, security of evacuatedpremises, or the safety of, or prevention ofobstruction, hindrance or interference topersons engaging in emergency activity.

Disaster areas Related TermExclusion areas Related Term

Emergency care

Emergency medicine Broader Term

Emergency communications

Communications Broader TermEmergencies Broader Term

Emergency control centres

Control centres Related Term

Emergency coordination centres

Emergency operationscentres Use

Emergency drills

Drills Related TermEmergencies Related Term


35

Emergency grantsThe provision of finances to affectedpersons as dictated by government policy,during emergency relief.

Emergency relief Broader TermEmergencies Related TermRelief payments Related Term

Emergency housing

Emergencies Broader TermEmergency accommodation Related TermTemporary accommodation Related TermTemporary housing Related Term

Emergency lighting

Lighting Broader Term

Emergency managementA range of measures to manage risks tocommunities and the environment.

Civil protection Non-preferred TermCounter disaster management

Non-preferred TermCrisis management Non-preferred TermConflict management Related TermConflict resolution Related TermCrises Related TermDisaster management Related TermEmergency management

measures Related TermEmergency response Related TermLogistics Related TermManagement Related TermMovement control Related TermRegistration Related TermRemote areas Related TermDisaster planning Narrower TermDisaster preparedness Narrower TermDisaster prevention Narrower TermDisaster recovery Narrower TermStaging areas Narrower Term

Emergency managementcompetencies

Emergency servicesvolunteers Related Term

Emergency management measuresMeasures encompassing the assessment,corrective and protective actions takenduring the course of an emergencycondition.

Emergency measures Non-preferred TermEmergency management Related Term

Emergency management systemsIntegrated approach - preparedness,prevention, response.

Emergency management Broader TermEmergency management

competencies Narrower Term

Emergency management volunteers

Emergency servicesvolunteers Use

Emergency measures

Emergency managementmeasures Use

Emergency medical dispatch

Dispatch Broader TermComputer aided dispatch Related Term

Emergency medical personnel

Medical personnel Broader TermEmergency medical services Related TermEmergency medicine Related TermEmergency service personnel Related TermField medical teams Related Term

Emergency medical servicesThe aggregate of various resources andpersonnel necessary to deliver medical careto those with an unpredicted immediateneed outside a hospital and continued careonce in an established emergency facility.

Emergency services Broader TermMedical services Broader TermEmergency medical personnel Related TermEmergency medicine Related TermAmbulance services Narrower Term

Emergency medical training

Emergency medicine Related TermTraining Broader Term


36

Emergency medicineThe study of emergency medical conditionsand their management.

Medicine Broader TermAdvanced life support Related TermBasic life support Related TermDisaster medicine Related TermEmergencies Related TermEmergency medical

personnel Related TermEmergency medical services Related TermEmergency medical training Related TermMedical emergencies Related TermTriage (Medicine) Related TermEmergency care Narrower TermFirst aid Narrower Term

Emergency operations centresA facility or building from which emergencyoperations are managed.

Emergency coordinationcentres Non-preferred Term

Communication centres Broader TermControl centres Related Term

Emergency operations manualA document containing specific, step-wiseinstructions on carrying out emergencyoperational procedures.

Emergency plans Related TermStandard operating

procedures Related Term

Emergency personnel

Ambulance officers Related TermFire fighters Related TermEmployees Related TermMedical personnel Related TermPolice officers Related TermState Emergency

Services (SES) Related TermTerritory Emergency Services Related TermEmergency service personnel Narrower Term

Emergency planning

Civil defence Related TermOperational Planning Narrower Term

Emergency planning zonesZones designated around nuclear poweredwarship berths and anchorages for planningpurposes to assist in the identification ofareas where hazards might arise.

Emergency plans Broader TermZones Broader Term

Emergency plansAn agreed set of arrangements forpreventing, mitigating, preparing for,responding to and recovering from anincident or emergency, involving thedefinition of responsibilities, the analysis ofresources and the definition of commandcontrol structures. May be called disasterplans in some states.

Crisis management plans Non-preferred TermPlans Broader TermContingency plans Related TermDisaster plans Related TermDisplans Related TermEmergency operations manual Related TermMutual aid Related TermEmergency planning zone Narrower TermFlood plans Narrower TermFunctional plans Narrower TermInner perimeter Narrower Term

Emergency power supply

Emergencies Broader TermPower supplies Broader TermEmergency supplies Related Term

Emergency preparednessArrangements to ensure that, should anemergency occur, all those resources andservices which are needed to cope with theeffects can be efficiently mobilised anddeployed.

Emergencies Broader TermPreparedness Broader TermCommunity preparedness Narrower Term

Emergency proceduresA set of directions detailing what actionsshould be taken, as well as how, when, bywhom and why, for specific emergencyevents.


37

Standard operatingprocedures Related Term

Emergency recovery teams

Emergency response Broader Term

Emergency reliefThe provision of immediate life support andhuman needs of persons affected by, orresponding to an emergency.

Emergencies Broader TermRelief Broader TermMaterial needs Related TermEmergency grants Narrower TermEmergency relief centres Narrower Term

Emergency relief centresCentres established to provide groups ofpersons with any or all of the services, of thefunction areas of Emergency Relief.

Emergency relief Broader TermEvacuation centres Related Term

Emergency responseAction taken in anticipation of, during andimmediately after an emergency to ensurethat its effects are minimised, and thatpeople affected are given immediate reliefand support.

Emergencies Broader TermResponse Broader TermEmergency coordination

centre Related TermDisaster response Related TermEmergency management Related TermFunctional areas Related TermIncident management Related TermLead time Related TermEmergency recovery teams Narrower TermEmergency response teams Narrower TermRecovery management Narrower TermResponse Agency Narrower Term

Emergency response teams

Emergency response Broader Term

Emergency service personnel

Emergency personnel Broader TermEmergency services Broader TermVolunteers Broader TermEmergency medical personnel Related TermAmbulance officers Narrower TermEmergency services

volunteers Narrower TermFire fighters Narrower TermParamedics Narrower TermPolice Narrower Term

Emergency servicesAgencies responsible for the protection andpreservation of life and property from harmresulting from incidents and emergencies.

Civil defence Related TermEmergencies Related TermEmployees Related TermPublic relations Related TermAmbulance services Narrower TermEmergency medical services Narrower TermBush fire services Narrower TermEmergency service personnel Narrower TermFire services Narrower TermPolice services Narrower TermWelfare services Narrower TermRescue services Narrower Term

Emergency services cooperation

Cooperation Broader TermPartnerships Related Term

Emergency services volunteers

Emergency managementvolunteers Non-preferred Term

Emergency service personnel Broader TermVolunteers Broader TermEmergency management

competencies Related Term


38

Emergency sheltersGroup shelters provided for affectedpersons in a community hall or similar.They are part of emergency relief stage andare different from temporaryaccommodation.

Shelters Broader TermEmergencies Related TermEvacuation centres Related TermTemporary housing Related Term

Emergency suppliesThe provision of resources in emergenciesto response agencies, by other than theirinternal resource acquisition systems.

Emergencies Related TermEmergency power supply Related Term

Emergency vehicles

Emergencies Broader TermVehicles Broader TermAmbulances Narrower TermFire appliances Narrower TermPolice vehicles Narrower TermRescue appliances Narrower Term

Emergency warning systems

Alarm systems Related TermFlood warnings Related TermNatural disaster warning

systems Narrower Term

Emergency workers

Workers Related Term

Emotional support

Counselling Related TermCrisis intervention Related TermDefusing Related TermEmotions Related Term

Emotions

Emotional support Related TermFear Narrower TermGrief Narrower Term

Employees

Emergency personnel Related Term

Emergency services Related Term

Endemic diseasesThe usual presence or prevalence of adisease in a given geographical area.


Engineering

Civil engineering Narrower TermEarthquake engineering Narrower Term

Enteric diseasesA general term for a variety of infectiousintestinal diseases due to a number ofknown causes or unknown causestransmitted through various mechanisms.


Entry

Access Use

Environment(a) The complex of physical, chemical andbiological agents which may impact on aperson or the community.(b) The air, water and earth, sometimescalled the biosphere.

Ecosystems Related TermEnvironmental degradation Narrower TermEnvironmental change Narrower TermEnvironmental emergencies Narrower TermEnvironmental health Narrower TermEnvironmental movement Narrower TermEnvironmental risk Narrower Term

Environmental change

Environment Broader TermDesertification Related TermEnvironmental degradation Narrower Term

Environmental degradationUnfavourable modification of the ecologicalstate and environment through naturalprocesses and/or human activities.

Environment Broader TermEnvironmental change Broader TermEcology Related Term


39

Environmental emergencies

Emergencies Broader TermEnvironment Broader Term

Environmental healthThe science that aims at creating theenvironmental conditions most conducive tohealth.

Environment Broader TermHealth Broader TermPublic health Related Term

Environmental health officerA term used to identify a Health Inspector/Surveyor, Public Health Officer, SanitaryEngineer, Engineer Hygiene officer andPreventative Medicine Officer.

Public health Related Term

Environmental impact

Air pollution Related TermChemical pollutants Related TermContaminated land Related TermWater pollution Related TermEnvironmental impact

assessment Narrower TermEnvironmental impact

statements Related Term

Environmental impact assessment

Environmental impact Broader TermEnvironmental impact

statements Narrower Term

Environmental impact statements

Environmental impact Broader TermEnvironmental impact

assessment Related Term

Environmental impact studiesStudies undertaken in order to assess theeffect on a specified environment of theintroduction of any new factor which mayupset the ecological balance.

Environmental risk Related TermEnvironmental risk

assessment Related Term

Environmental movement

Green movement Non-preferred TermEnvironment Broader TermConservation movement Related TermConservationists Related Term

Environmental pollution

Pollution Broader Term

Environmental riskRisks to natural ecosystems or to the beautyor amenity of the natural world.

Environment Broader TermRisk Broader TermChemical plants Related TermEnvironmental impact studies Related TermEnvironmentally-sensitive

Areas Related TermEcological risk Narrower TermEnvironmental risk

assessment Narrower Term

Environmental risk assessment

Environmental impact studies Related TermEnvironmental risk Related Term

Environmentally-sensitive areas

Environmental risk Related Term

EpicentreA point on the Earth’s surface directly abovethe focus of an earthquake.


EpidemicsUnusual increases in the number of cases ofan infectious disease which already exists inan endemic state in the region or populationconcerned.

Diseases Related TermEpidemiology Related TermInfestation Related TermPlagues Related Term

EpidemiologyThe medical discipline that studies theinfluence of such factors as the life style,biological constitution and other personal or


40

social determinants on the incidence anddistribution of disease.

Disaster medicine Related TermEpidemics Related Term

Equipment

Machinery Related TermExtrication equipment Narrower TermRescue equipment Narrower Term

ErosionLoosening or dissolving and removal of rockor soil as a result of water, ice or windaction.

Desertification Related TermSoil erosion Narrower Term

Escape behaviour

Human behaviour Related Term

Escape routes

Access Related TermEgress Related TermEvacuation Related TermExits Related Term

Ethics

Confidentiality Related TermHuman rights Related Term

EvacuationThe planned relocation of persons fromdangerous or potentially dangerous areas tosafer areas and eventual return.

Access Related TermDislocation Related TermEgress Related TermEscape routes Related TermRelocation Related TermResettlement Related TermExits Related TermAeromedical evacuation Narrower TermAircraft evacuation Narrower TermBuilding evacuation Narrower TermBush fire evacuation Narrower TermEvacuation systems Narrower TermMass evacuation Narrower Term


41

Evacuation areasAreas surrounding an emergency incident inwhich personnel and/or residents may besubject to ready removal in case ofnecessity.

Assembly areas Related TermFire refuge areas Related TermShelters Related Term

Evacuation centresCentres that provide affected people withbasic human needs includingaccommodation, food and water.

Emergency relief centres Related TermEmergency accommodation Related TermEmergency shelters Related TermReception centres Related Term

Evacuation drills

Drills Broader TermEvacuation of civilians Related TermFire Drills Related Term

Evacuation of civilians

Evacuation drills Related Term

Evacuation plans

Evacuation procedures Related Term

Evacuation procedures

Evacuation plans Related Term

Evacuation systems


Evacuees

Displaced persons Related Term

Event treeThe diagram produced by an incidentsequence analysis.

Fault tree Related TermFrequency Related Term

EventsIncidents or situations which occur in aparticular place during a particular interval oftime.

Incidents Related TermOlympic Games Related TermSpecial events Narrower Term

Evidence

Evidence, expert Narrower Term

Evidence, expert

Evidence Broader TermWitnesses Related Term

Examinations

Tests Non-preferred TermEducation Related TermInspections Related TermTesting Related Term

Exclusion areasAreas surrounding a particular site whereinall but authorised personnel may beprohibited.

Control areas Related TermDisaster areas Related TermEmergency areas Related TermRestricted areas Related Term

ExerciseRealistically planned simulations of anincident, designed and coordinated in sucha manner that the response of theemergency organisation and otherpersonnel closely approximates theresponse to the actual incident.

Drills Related TermFire drills Related TermMock disaster training Related TermSimulation methods Related TermDisaster exercises Narrower TermTable top exercises Narrower TermTraining exercises Narrower Term

Exits

Egress Related Term


42

Exotic animal diseasesDiseases affecting animals, which mayinclude man, which do not presently occur inAustralia.

Animal diseases Broader TermAnimals Related TermQuarantine Related TermVectors Related TermZoonoses Related Term

Expert evidence

Expert witnesses Non-preferred TermWitness Related TermEvidence Broader Term

Expert witnesses

Expert evidence Use

Explosion overpressure

Overpressure Use

ExplosionsSudden release of large amounts of energyin a destructive manner at a velocity of a fewmetres per second.

Emergencies Broader TermDeflagration Related TermDetonation Related TermExplosives Related TermIgnition Related TermAircraft explosions Narrower TermBLEVE Narrower TermDust explosions Narrower TermGas explosions Narrower TermNuclear explosions Narrower Term

ExplosivesSubstances, whether or not contained in adevice specially prepared, which aremanufactured with a view to producing apractical effect by explosion or a pyrotechniceffect, or any other substance which, byreason of the nature of its explosiveproperties is to be treated as such.

Hazardous materials Broader TermBlasts Related TermBombs Related TermDetonation Related TermExplosions Related Term

Explosives transportation Narrower Term

Explosives transportation

Explosives Broader TermHazardous materials

transportation Related Term

Exposure hazardThe risk of fire spreading from a building,structure or other property to a nearbybuilding or structure, or other part of thesame building or structure, by radiated heatacross the intervening space.

Exposure, Medicalradiographic Broader Term

Radiant heat Related Term

Exposure, Medical radiographic(a) The circumstances of being exposed toradiation(b) Defined dosimetric quantity now nolonger used for radiation protectionpurposes.

Exposure hazard Narrower Term

Extinguishants

Halon Narrower Term

Extinguishing systems

Response time Related TermFire sprinklers Narrower Term

Extrication

Confined space rescue Related TermImmobilisation Related TermMotor vehicle rescue Related TermRescue operations Related TermExtrication equipment Narrower Term

Extrication equipment

Equipment Broader TermExtrication Broader Term


43

Facilities management


Factories

Buildings Broader TermIndustrial buildings Related TermArms factories Narrower Term

Factors

Risk factors Narrower TermStructural factors Narrower TermTime factors Narrower Term

Fail safeA failure mode where hazardous orotherwise harmful effects are minimal.

Failures Broader Term

Failure rateThe frequency with which a component,equipment or system fails.


FailuresConditions of a component, equipment orsystem, in which the design intention is notmet.

Bridge failures Related TermBuilding failures Related TermDam failures Related TermFail safe Narrower TermFailure rate Narrower TermSystems failure Narrower Term

Fallout shelters

Radioactive, fallout Broader TermShelters Broader Term

FaminesCatastrophic food shortages, affecting largenumbers of people due to climaticenvironmental and socio-economic reasons.

Droughts Related Term

Farming

Agriculture Use

Farms

Agricultural industry Broader Term

Fatalities

Casualties Related TermDeaths Related TermInvestigations Related TermVictims Related Term

Fatigue

Stress, Physiology Related Term

Fault, GeologyA fracture or zone of fractures in rock alongwhich the two sides have been displacedrelative to each other parallel to the fracture.


Fault treeThe logic diagram used in fault treeanalysis, that traces an undesirable eventback to its cause or causes.

Event tree Related TermFrequency Related TermFault tree analysis Narrower Term

Fault tree analysisA systems engineering method forrepresenting the logical combinations ofvarious system states and possible causeswhich can contribute to a specified event(called the ‘top event’).

Fault tree Broader Term

Fauna

Animals Use

Fear

Emotions Broader TermHuman behaviour Broader TermCrowd management Related TermPanic Related Term

Fee for service

Finance Broader Term


44

Ferries

Ships Broader Term

Field medical teamsTeams of experienced doctors and nurses,usually sent from a hospital, to provide on-site assessment and emergency treatmentof casualties prior to transfer. One memberof each team is appointed Medical TeamLeader.

Emergency medicalpersonnel Related Term

Finance

Funding Non-preferred TermDisaster relief

- financial aspects Related TermFund Raising Related TermManagement Related TermFee for service Narrower TermFinancial institutions Narrower TermFire levies Narrower TermFinancial management Narrower TermFinancial planning Narrower TermFinancial policy Narrower Term

Financial institutions

Banks and Banking Non-preferred TermFinance Broader Term

Financial management

Finance Broader TermCost benefit analysis Related TermCost effectiveness Narrower Term

Financial planning

Disaster relief,financial aspects Broader Term


Financial policy

Disaster relief -financial aspects Broader Term


Fire

Flames Related Term

Fire alarmsComponents and apparatus for giving anaudible, visible, or other perceptible alarm offire, and which may also initiate other action.

Fire detectors Non-preferred TermAlarm systems Broader TermFires Related Term

Fire appliancesA generic term used to describe any firefighting vehicle or specialist vehicle used byfire services to combat fires or otheremergencies.

Fire engines Non-preferred TermAppliances Broader TermEmergency vehicles Broader TermFire boats Related TermRescue appliances Related TermAerial appliances Narrower TermAirport fire appliances Narrower Term

Fire bans

Fire restrictions Broader Term

Fire boatsPowered vessels equipped for fighting fires.

Boats and boating Broader TermFire appliances Related Term

Fire breaksAny natural or constructed discontinuity in afuel bed used to congregate, stop andcontrol the spread of a wildfire, or to providea fireline from which to suppress a fire.

Fires Broader Term

Fire brigades

Fire services Use

Fire codes

Building codes Use

Fire control

Back burn Narrower Term

Fire coverThe standard of response to a fire in aparticular area. "Standards of Fire Cover".

Response Related Term


45

Fire damage

Damage Broader TermFires Related TermBush fire damage Narrower TermSmoke damage Narrower Term

Fire danger period

Fire hazards Related TermFire weather Related Term

Fire departments

Fire services Use

Fire detectors

Fire alarms Use

Fire drillsPractice drills for fire fighters and occupantsof a site to accustom them to their duties incase of a fire.

Drills Broader TermEvacuation drills Related TermExercises Related TermTraining Related Term

Fire engines

Fire appliances Use

Fire fightersPeople whose activity or employment is toextinguish fires; members of fire services.

Emergency service personnel Broader TermEmergency personnel Related TermBush fire fighters Narrower Term

Fire fighting

Fire fighting operations Use

Fire fighting operations

Fire fighting Non-preferred TermFire fighting techniques Non-preferred TermFires Broader TermFoam Related TermInfrared cameras Related TermUrban fire detection Related Term

Fire fighting techniques

Fire fighting operations Use

Fire hazardsAny fuel which if ignited, may be difficult toextinguish.

Hazards Broader TermFires Related TermFire risk Related TermFire danger periods Related TermFire load Narrower Term

Fire incident reporting systems

Incident reporting systems Use

Fire insurance

Fires Broader TermInsurance Broader Term

Fire investigation

Arson Related TermFires Related Term

Fire levies

Finance Broader TermFire services Related Term

Fire loadThe total amount of combustible materialexpressed in heat units.

Fire hazards Broader Term

Fire preventionAll pre-fire activities designed to reduce fuelquantities, remove known hazards, andprepare properties for the possibility of firesoccurring so that the fire development andspread is minimised and property damage ismitigated.

Fire protection Related TermFires Related Term

Fire protectionProvisions made to detect, suppress or limitthe spread of fires and particularly designfeatures of buildings aimed at limiting thespread of fire from the area of origin.

Fires Broader TermFire prevention Related TermLegislation Related TermLiability Related TermStandards Related Term


46

Fire refuge areasAreas which people may seek shelter fromthe danger of fire.

Fire shelters Non-preferred TermRefuge fire shelters Non-preferred TermAssembly areas Related TermEvacuation areas Related Term

Fire reporting systems

Accident reporting systems Use

Fire restrictions

Fire bans Narrower Term

Fire risk(a) A building, structure or object consideredespecially likely to catch fire, or one whichwould be especially unsafe in a fire.(b) The risk of loss by fire.(c) The obligation of an insurer to cover theloss caused.

Fire hazards Related TermFuel load Narrower Term

Fire services

Fire brigades Non-preferred TermFire departments Non-preferred TermEmergency services Broader TermCollocation Related TermFire levies Related TermAirport fire services Narrower Term

Fire shelters

Fire refuge areas Use

Fire sprinklers

Extinguishing system Broader Term

Fire stations


Fire stormsLarge, rapidly-developing fires covering alarge area, characterised by an air system ofgreat power and velocity.

Fires Broader TermStorms Broader TermConflagrations Related Term

Fire towersLookouts in the bush for detecting bushfires.


Fire wardens

Wardens Use

Fire weather

Fire danger period Related TermWeather Related Term

FireballsBalls of flaming gas.

Fires Broader Term

Fires

Natural disasters Broader TermAccelerants Related TermFire alarms Related TermFire damage Related TermFire hazards Related TermFire investigation Related TermAircraft fires Narrower TermArson Narrower TermBush fires Narrower TermCargo ship fires Narrower TermDust fires Narrower TermFire balls Narrower TermFire breaks Narrower TermFire fighting operations Narrower TermFire insurance Narrower TermFire protection Narrower TermFire storms Narrower TermForest fires Narrower TermGrass fires Narrower TermInterface fires Narrower TermLiquefied petroleum gas fires Narrower TermMetal fires Narrower TermSpot fires Narrower TermTanker ship fires Narrower TermWildfires Narrower Term

Fireworks

Pyrotechnics Non-preferred Term


47

First aidImmediate and temporary care given on siteto the victims of an accident or suddenillness in order to avert complications,lessen suffering and sustain the person untilcompetent services or a physician can beobtained.

Emergency medicine Broader TermAccidents, wounds and

injuries Related TermAdvanced life support Related TermBasic life support Related TermTriage, medicine Related TermWound and injuries Related Term

First aid post

Casualty clearing stations Related Term

Flames

Fire Related Term

Flammable gases


Flammable liquidsLiquids which are capable of being ignitedand burning in air and which meet thecriteria of the ADG Code.

Combustible liquids Related TermFlammable materials storage Related TermHazardous materials Related TermLiquid fuels Related Term

Flammable materials

Flammable solids Non-preferred TermFlammable substances Non-preferred TermInflammable materials Non-preferred TermCombustible materials Related TermHazardous materials Related TermPetrochemicals Related Term

Flammable materials storage

Hazardous materials Broader TermFlammable liquids Related TermHazardous materials storage Related Term

Flammable materials transport

Hazardous materialstransportation Broader Term

Flammable solids

Flammable materials Use

Flammable substances


Flares

Distress signals Related Term

Flash floodsFloods of short duration with a relatively highpeak discharge with no advance warning.

Floods Broader Term

Flood boatsVessels used for rescue, evacuation andresupply purposes.

Boats and boating Related TermFlood rescue Related Term

Flood bulletins

Flood warnings Broader TermFlood height Related TermFlood levels Related TermFlood stage Related Term

Flood controlThe management of water resourcesthrough construction of dams, reservoirs,embankments, etc. to avoid floods.

Drainage Related TermFlood hydrograph Related TermFlood mitigation Related TermFloods Related TermLevees Related Term

Flood damageThe tangible and intangible costs offlooding.

Damage Broader TermFlood levels Related TermFlood loss Related TermFloods Related TermWater damage Related Term

Flood dams and reservoirs

Reservoirs Broader TermBunds Related TermDams Related Term


48

Floods Related Term

Flood forecastsPrediction of the stage, discharge,beginning and duration of a flood, especiallyof the peak discharge at a specific point ona stream resulting from precipitation and/orsnow melt.

Flood forecasts Related TermFlood predictions Related TermFlood warnings Related TermFloods Related TermForecasting Related Term

Flood frequency analysis

Floods Related Term

Flood frequency curveA graphical representation of therelationship between peak flood dischargeand exceedance probability.

Floods Related Term

Flood frequency distribution

Floods Related Term

Flood gauge

Flood levels Related Term

Flood height

Flood bulletins Related TermFlood levels Related TermFlood stage Related TermFloods Related Term

Flood hydrographA graphical representation of the flooddischarge with respect to time for aparticular point on a stream or river.

Flood control Related TermHydrograph Related Term

Flood insurance

Insurance Broader TermFlood loss Related TermFloods Related Term

Flood levels

Flood bulletins Related TermFlood damage Related TermFlood gauge Related TermFlood height Related TermFlood stage Related Term

Flood loss

Flood damage Related TermFlood insurance Related Term

Flood mitigation

Flood control Related TermFlood plans Related TermFloodplain management Related TermFloodplain zoning Related TermFloods Related TermMitigation Broader Term

Flood plans

Plans Broader TermDisaster plans Related TermEmergency plans Related TermFlood mitigation Related Term

Flood predictions

Prediction Broader TermFlood forecasts Related Term

Flood proofingA combination of measures incorporated inthe design, construction and alteration ofindividual buildings or structures subject toflooding, to reduce or eliminate flooddamages.

Buildings Related Term

Flood reports

Floods Broader Term

Flood rescue

Rescue operations Broader TermFlood boats Related Term


49

Flood stageThat stage, on a fixed river gauge, at whichthe overflow of the natural banks of astream begins to cause damage in anyportion of the reach for which the gauge isused as an index.

Flood bulletins Related TermFlood height Related TermFlood levels Related TermFloods Related Term

Flood warning systems

Warning systems Broader TermEarly warning systems Related TermFloods Related Term

Flood warningsStatements by the Bureau of Meteorologyincluding all or part of the following terms forparticular catchments:(a) A summary of the current meteorologicalsituation and expected developments(b) A summary of the rainfall which hasoccurred or is expected(c) River heights at key locations(d) The class of flooding that is expected;and/or(e) River heights.

Warning systems Broader TermWarnings Broader TermEmergency warning systems Related TermFlood forecasts Related TermFloods Related TermFlood bulletins Narrower TermPreliminary flood warning Narrower Term

Floodgates

Floods Related Term

Floodplain managementTechniques available to reduce flooddamage and disruption

Floodplains Broader TermFlood mitigation Related TermFloods Related Term

Floodplain zoningA plan that defines the main zones of apotential flood area.

Floodplains Broader TermFlood mitigation Related Term

FloodplainsThe land which may be covered by waterwhen the river overflows its banks duringfloods.

Floods Related TermFloodplain management Narrower TermFloodplain zoning Narrower Term

FloodsThe overflowing by water of the normalconfines of a stream or other body of water,or the accumulation of water by drainageover areas which are not normallysubmerged.

Natural disasters Broader TermDischarge Related TermFlood control Related TermFlood damage Related TermFlood dams and reservoirs Related TermFlood forecasts Related TermFlood frequency analysis Related TermFlood frequency curve Related TermFlood frequency distribution Related TermFlood height Related TermFlood mitigation Related TermFlood insurance Related TermFlood stage Related TermFlood warning systems Related TermFlood warnings Related TermFloodgates Related TermFloodplain management Related TermFloodplains Related TermHydrology Related TermRunoff Related TermFlood reports Narrower TermFlash floods Narrower Term


50

Foam(a) A stable aggregation of small bubbles,whose properties are such that the foammay be used as a flame-smothering blanket,or to prevent the entry of air, or to suppressvapour(b) A fire extinguishing medium consisting ofa mass of stable bubbles formed in a liquidby chemical or other mechanical means.

Fire fighting operations Related Term

Fog

Weather hazards Broader Term

FOI

Freedom of Information Use

Food

Food adulteration andinspection Related Term

Food contamination Related TermFood hazards Related TermFood poisoning Related TermFood shortages Related TermFood supplies Related Term

Food adulteration and inspection

Food Inspection Non-preferred TermFood Related TermFood contamination Related TermFood surveillance Related Term

Food aidAssistance rendered on an organised basis,either free or on concessional terms, toprovide food to a population group,community or country suffering from foodshortage or insufficient development.

Food relief Non-preferred TermEmergencies Related TermFood supplies Related TermNutrition Related TermRelief Related Term

Food contamination

Food Related TermFood adulteration and

inspection Related Term

Food hazards

Food Related Term

Food inspection

Food adulteration andinspection Use

Food poisoning

Poisoning Broader TermFood Related Term

Food relief

Food aid Use

Food shortages

Food Related TermFood supplies Related Term

Food supplies

Food Related TermFood aid Related TermFood shortages Related Term

Food surveillance

Food adulteration andinspection Related Term

ForecastingStatements or statistical estimates of theoccurrence of a future event.

Flood forecasts Related TermPrediction Related TermCyclone forecasts Narrower TermDrought forecasts Narrower TermLong-range weather

forecasting Narrower TermTsunami warning systems Narrower TermWeather forecasts Narrower Term

Foreign aid

International relief Narrower Term

Forensic dentistry

Forensic odontology Non-preferred Term

Forensic medicine

Autopsy Narrower Term


51

Forensic odontology

Forensic dentistry Use

Forensic sciences

Autopsies Narrower Term

Forest firesFires burning mainly in forest or woodland.

Bush fires Broader TermFires Broader Term

Forest management

Forests Broader Term

Forestry

Deforestation Related TermTrees Related Term

Forests

Wilderness areas Related TermRainforest management Narrower TermRainforests Narrower Term

Freedom of Information

FOI Non-preferred TermManagement Related Term

Freeways

Motorways Non-preferred TermRoads Broader TermHighways Related Term

FrequencyA measure of likelihood expressed as thenumber of occurrences of an event in agiven time.

Event tree Related TermFault tree Related TermRelated Term Related Term

Frequency analysis

Probability analysis Use

Frost

Weather hazards Broader TermFrostbite Narrower Term

Frostbite

Frost Broader Term

Fuel depots

Service stations Related Term

Fuel loadThe amount of fuel available to burn(depends on the type of vegetation, howmuch of it there is, its 'fineness' and itsmoisture content).

Fire risk Broader Term

Fuel reductionThe process of removing a fire hazard toreduce its chance of ignition, such ascontrolled burning.

Controlled burning Related TermFuels Related TermPrescribed burning Related TermHazard reduction Related Term

Fuel storage

Fuel storage tanks Related Term

Fuel storage tanks

Fuel storage Related TermFuels Related TermStorage tanks Related Term

Fuel transport

Transportation Broader TermFuels Related Term

Fuels

Fuel reduction Related TermFuel storage Related TermFuel storage tanks Related TermFuel transport Related TermRefuelling Related TermLiquid fuels Narrower TermSolar energy Narrower Term

Full protective clothing

Protective clothing Use


52

Fumes(a) Any smoke-like or vaporous exhalationsfrom matter or substances(b) Airborne solid particles formed when thematerial from a volatilised solid condensesin cool air.

Gases Related TermVapours Related Term

Functional areasThe categorisation of services required foremergency relief for the purposes ofallocating responsibility to nominatedagencies. These are catering, communityorganisations, emergency accommodation,emergency grants, counselling andtemporary accommodation, material needs,registration.

Emergency response Related Term

Functional plansDocuments describing roles/responsibilitiesand arrangements for the performance of akey response or recovery function. Theyare in support of the main plan.

Emergency plans Broader Term

Fund raising

Funding Related Term

Funding

Finance Use

Fungicides

Pesticides Related Term

Fusion

Hydrogen bombs Related Term

GalesWinds with a speed between 34 and 40knots.

Winds Broader TermStorms Related Term

Gaols

Prisons Use

Gas, Natural

Natural gas Use

Gas detectorsA detector which responds to, and will givewarning of, a predetermined concentrationof a particular gas.

Detectors Broader Term

Gas explosions

Explosions Broader TermLiquefied petroleum gas

explosions Narrower Term

Gas industry

Industries Broader TermChemical industry Related TermOffshore gas industry Related Term

Gas pipelines

Pipelines Broader Term

Gas wells

Offshore structures Related TermOil well drilling rigs Related Term


53

Gases(a) Substances consisting of atoms andmolecules which are sufficiently mobile for itto occupy the whole space in which it iscontained.(b) Formless fluids that expand to occupythe space or enclosure in which they areconfined.(c) Molecular dispersion of material in air.

Dust Related TermFumes Related TermSmoke Related TermVapours Related TermCompressed air Narrower TermLiquefied petroleum gas Narrower TermNatural gas Narrower Term

Geographic Information SystemsComputerised databases for the capture,storage, analysis and display of locationally-defined information.

Computer programs Broader TermInformation systems Broader TermAerial photography Related TermMapping Related TermPhotography Related TermRemote sensing Related Term

Geological hazards

Natural hazards Broader TermAvalanches Narrower TermLandslides Narrower TermMud flows Narrower Term

Gesture

Nonverbal communication Related Term

Glaciers

Rivers Related Term

Global Positioning SystemMicroprocessors which can receive signalsand use this information to locatethemselves at any point on the surface ofthe planet.

Computer programs Broader TermAutomatic vehicle location Related TermSatellites Related Term

Global temperature changes

Global warming Related Term

Global warming

Climatic changes Related TermGlobal temperature changes Related TermGreenhouse effect,

Atmospheric Related TermOzone depletion Related TermSea level rise Related Term

Government agencies(a) Any body corporate or un-incorporateconstituted by or under any Act for a publicpurpose; and(b) Any member or officer of such a body(c) Any persons in the service of the Crownupon whom any function, power, duty orresponsibility is conferred by or under theAct.

Organisations Broader Term

Grandstands

Sports grounds Related TermStadiums Related Term

Grass firesA fire in predominantly grass vegetation.

Fires Broader TermWildfires Broader TermBush fires Related TermGrasslands Related TermGround cover fires Related Term

Grasslands

Grass fires Related Term

Green movement

Environmental movement Use

Greenhouse effect, AtmosphericThe increase in temperature in agreenhouse caused by the radiant heat fromthe sun passing through the glass, whileheat within the greenhouse is trapped thereby the glass.

Climatic changes Related TermGlobal warming Related TermSolar radiation Related Term


54

Grid referenceA group of numbers that describes a pointon a map using a given map grid system.

Map reading Broader TermMaps Broader Term

Grief

Emotions Broader TermBereavement Related Term

Grief counselling

Bereavement Related Term

Grievance procedures

Industrial relations Related Term

Ground cover fires

Grass fires Related Term

Ground waterWater present below the soil surface andoccupying voids in the porous subsoil.

Pollution management Related Term

Group risk

Societal risk Related Term

Group think

Communication Related TermManagement Related Term

GustsSudden, brief increase of the wind speedover its mean value.

Winds Related Term

Hail storms

Storms Broader Term

HalonAn abbreviation for halogenatedhydrocarbon and an acknowledged termused to describe an inert gaseousextinguishing agent.

Extinguishants Broader Term

Ham radio

Ham radio network Related TermHam radio operators Narrower Term

Ham radio networkThe international amateur radio network,frequently a valuable contribution by thecommunity to disaster response.

Ham radio Related TermHam radio operators Related Term

Ham radio operators

Ham radio Broader TermRadio operators Broader TermHam radio network Related Term

Handicapped

Handicapped persons Non-preferred TermDisabled person Related Term

Handicapped persons

Handicapped Use

Harbours

Ports Use

Harmful substances

Hazardous materials Use

Hazard analysisThat part of the overall planning processwhich identifies and describes hazards andtheir effects upon the community.

Hazards Broader TermHazard identification Related Term


55

Earthquake hazard analysis Narrower Term

Hazard and operability study


Hazard assessment

Hazards Broader TermVulnerability assessment Related Term

Hazard auditsDetailed and comprehensive reviews of alloperational and organisational safetysystems and practises.

Safety audits Non-preferred TermRisk analysis Related Term

Hazard characteristicsParts of the hazard analysis process inwhich the hazards relevant to a givenlocality or are described.


Hazard identification

The process of recognising that a hazard existsand defining its characteristics.Hazards Broader TermHazard analysis Related Term

Hazard managementManagement strategies to reduce theimpact of hazards on the community.

Hazards Broader TermIncident management Related Term

Hazard mappingThe process of establishing geographicallywhere and to what extent particularphenomena are likely to pose a threat topeople, property, infrastructure, andeconomic activities.

Mapping Related Term

Hazard mitigationMeasures taken to reduce the impact ofhazards on a community.

Hazards Broader TermDisaster mitigation Related Term

Hazard perception


Hazard reduction

Controlled burning Related TermFuel reduction Related TermPrescribed burning Related Term

Hazard zoneAn area over which the risks fromhazardous activities are significant.


Hazardous materialsSubstances or materials which have beendetermined by an appropriate authority to becapable of posing an unreasonable risk tohealth, safety and property.

Harmful substances Non-preferred TermHazardous substances Non-preferred TermDispersion Related TermFlammable gases Related TermFlammable liquids Related TermFlammable materials Related TermHazardous materials storage Related TermInfectious materials Related TermLand mines Related TermNoxious substance Related TermAmmunition Narrower TermBiological hazards Narrower TermCarcinogens Narrower TermChemical hazards Narrower TermChemicals Narrower TermCombustible materials Narrower TermCorrosive materials Narrower TermCryogenic materials Narrower TermDangerous goods Narrower TermExplosives Narrower TermFlammable materials storage Narrower TermPoisons Narrower TermRadioactive materials Narrower TermRadioactive wastes Narrower TermToxic materials Narrower Term

Hazardous materials spills

Hazardous substances spills Non-preferred TermSpills Broader Term


56

Hazardous materials standards

Hazardous substancestandards Non-preferred Term

Standards Broader Term

Hazardous materials storage

Hazardous substancesstorage Non-preferred Term

Storage Broader TermFlammable materials Related TermHazardous materials Related TermAmmunition dumps Narrower TermLiquefied petroleum gas

storage Narrower Term

Hazardous materials transportation

Explosives transportation Related TermChemical carriers (tankers) Narrower TermFlammable materials

transport Narrower TermLiquefied petroleum gas

transportation Narrower TermRadioactive materials

transportation Narrower Term

Hazardous substances

Hazardous materials Use

Hazardous substances spills

Hazardous materials spills Use

Hazardous substances standards

Hazardous materialsstandards Use

Hazardous substances storage

Hazardous materials storage Use

Hazardous waste sites

Hazardous wastes Related TermIncineration Related TermHazardous wastes sites

location Narrower Term

Hazardous waste sites location

Hazardous wastes sites Broader TermHazardous wastes Related Term

Hazardous waste transportation

Hazardous wastes Related Term

Hazardous wastesWaste materials or mixtures of waste whichrequire special handling and disposalbecause of their potential to damage healthand the environment.

Toxic wastes Non-preferred TermHazardous waste sites Related TermHazardous waste

sites location Related TermHazardous waste

transportation Related TermMedical wastes Related TermHazardous wastes

sites leaching Narrower Term

Hazardous wastes sites leaching

Hazardous wastes Broader TermHazardous wastes sites Broader Term

HazardsSituations with a potential for harm to life,health or property, damage to theenvironment or some combination of these.

Chemical plants Related TermDisasters Related TermEmergencies Related TermAsbestos hazards Narrower TermBiological hazards Narrower TermChemical hazards Narrower TermFire hazards Narrower TermHazard analysis Narrower TermHazard and operability study Narrower TermHazard assessment Narrower TermHazard identification Narrower TermHazard characteristics Narrower TermHazard management Narrower TermHazard mitigation Narrower TermHazard perception Narrower TermHazard zone Narrower TermHealth hazards Narrower TermMajor hazards Narrower TermSecondary hazards Narrower TermTechnological hazards Narrower TermThreats, Psychology Narrower Term


57

HealthThe state of complete physical, mental andsocial well being, and not merely theabsence of disease or infirmity.

Environmental health Narrower TermHygiene Narrower TermMental health Narrower TermPublic health Narrower Term

Health care

Medical care Related TermNursing Related TermHealth care facilities Narrower Term

Health care facilitiesHospitals, nursing homes or other facilitieswhich provide health care services to in-patients, out-patients or day patients.

Health care Broader Term

Health hazards

Hazards Broader TermIndustrial hazards Related TermIndustrial hygiene Related Term

Health personnel

Medical personnel Use

Health risk assessment

Diagnosis Related Term

Health services

Medical care Related TermHospital services Narrower TermPublic health services Narrower Term

Heat

Dehydration Related TermHeatwaves Narrower TermRadiant heat Narrower Term

Heat stress

Stress, physiology Broader TermBody temperature Related TermHeatstroke Related Term

Heat wavesLong lasting periods with extremely highsurface temperatures.

Heat Broader Term

Heatstroke

Heat stress Related Term

Heavy vehicle safety

Road safety Broader Term

Helicopters

Aircraft Broader Term

Heliports

Airports Broader TermAirport terminals Related Term

Herbicides

Pesticides Broader Term

High rise buildings


Highways

Roads Broader TermFreeways Related Term

Hijacking

Hostages Related Term

HIV

Human immunodeficiencysyndrome Non-preferred Term

Communicable diseases Broader TermAIDS Related Term

HIV infections

AIDS Related Term

Homicide

Deaths Related TermMass murder Related Term

Hospital emergency departments

Hospitals Broader TermMedical services Related Term


58

Hospital emergency services

Medical services Related Term

Hospital services

Health services Broader Term

Hospitals

Buildings Broader TermOperating theatres Related TermHospital emergencydepartments Narrower Term

Hostage negotiations

Hostages Broader Term

Hostages

Hijacking Related TermSieges Related TermHostage negotiations Narrower Term

Hot air balloons

Balloons Broader Term

Hotels

Motels Non-preferred Term

Housing

Dwellings Non-preferred Term

Human behaviour

Psychology Broader TermCrowd management Related TermCrowds Related TermEscape behaviour Related TermPsychiatric emergencies Related TermPsychiatry Related TermStress, physiology Related TermClaustrophobia Narrower TermCollective behaviour Narrower TermFear Narrower TermPanic Narrower Term

Human immunodeficiency syndrome

Human immunodeficiencyvirus Use

Human immunodeficiency virus

HIV Use

Human resources

Management Related TermPersonnel Narrower Term

Human resources management

Manpower Non-preferred Term

Human rights

Confidentiality Related TermEthics Related Term

Hurricane plans

Plans Broader Term

HurricanesA term used in the United States and theAtlantic region covering (a) Violent tropicalcyclonic storm (b) Storm of the most intenseseverity.

Natural disasters Broader TermWeather hazards Broader TermCyclones Related TermMonsoons Related TermTornadoes Related TermTyphoons Related Term

Hydro-electric power stations

Power stations Broader Term

Hydrogen bombs

Bombs Broader TermFusion Related Term

HydrographyA graph showing the seasonal change in thelevel, flow or velocity of water in a channel,reservoir or the like.

Flood hydrograph Related Term

Hydrological survey

Hydrology Broader Term


59

HydrologyThe study of the rainfall-runoff process as itrelates to the development of flooding andthe derivation of hydrographics at differentlocations in a river system for given floods.

Floods Related TermHydrology Related TermWater table Related TermHydrological survey Narrower Term

Hygiene

Health Broader Term

Hyperbaric chambers

Atmospheric pressure Related Term

HypothermiaHaving a body temperature below normal.

Body temperature Related TermCold Related Term

Hysteria

Panic Use

Ice stormIntense formation of ice on objects by thefreezing, on impact, of rain or drizzle.

Storms Broader Term

Identification

Disaster victim identification Use

Identification codes

Codes Broader Term

IgnitionSetting fire to or being set fire to.

Explosions Related TermSpontaneous ignition Narrower Term

Immobilisation

Cervical collars Related TermExtrication Related TermPhysical restraints Related TermSpinal cord injuries Related TermSpineboards Related Term

ImmunisationRendering a person or animal immune tocertain infections by the process of injectingeither antigen or a serum containing specificantibodies.

Communicable diseases Related TermVaccination Related Term

Immunological deficiency syndrome

AIDS Related TermHIV Related Term

Impact assessment

Damage assessment Broader TermImpact assessment studies Narrower Term

Impact assessment studies

Impact assessment Broader Term

In-service training

Education Broader TermTraining Broader Term


60

Incendiary devices

Arson Related Term

Incident command system

Incident control systems Use

Incident control pointThe control point established by the ControlAgency in proximity to the emergency andused by the incident controller for forwardcommand/control functions.

Incident control systems Broader TermIncidents Broader Term

Incident control systemsA command structure to systematically andlogically manage suppression of emergencyincidents, including wildfires, from small,simple incidents to large, difficult or multiplesituations.

Incident command system Non-preferred TermIncidents Broader TermCommand systems Related TermIncident management

systems Related TermOperating systems Related TermIncident control point Narrower Term

Incident controllerThe individual responsible for themanagement of all incident operations.

Incident management Broader Term

Incident managementThe process of controlling the incident andcoordinating resources.

Incidents Broader TermDisaster management Related TermEmergency response Related TermHazard management Related TermIncident response Related TermUnified command Related TermIncident controller Narrower TermIncident sequence analysis Narrower Term

Incident management plans

Contingency plans Related TermAustralian incidentmanagement system Narrower Term

Incident management systems

Incident control systems Related TermIncident reports Related Term

Incident reporting systems

Fire incident reportingsystems Non-preferred Term

Incidents Broader Term

Incident reports

Incidents Broader TermIncident management

systems Related Term

Incident response

Incident management Related Term

Incident sequence analysisThe tracing of a primary event forwards inorder to define its consequences.

Incident management Broader Term

IncidentsEvents, accidentally or deliberately caused,which require a response from one or moreof the statutory emergency responseagencies.

Risk Broader TermEvent Related TermIncident control point Narrower TermIncident control systems Narrower TermIncident management Narrower TermIncident reports Narrower TermIncident reporting systems Narrower Term

Incineration

Hazardous waste sites Related Term

Individual riskThe frequency at which an individual may beexpected to sustain a given level of harmfrom the realisation of specified hazards.

Risk Broader TermRisk criteria Related TermSocietal risk Related TermIndividual risk criteria Narrower Term


61

Individual risk criteriaCriteria which can be used to determine theacceptability of a given individual risk levelat a given site.

Individual risk Broader Term

Industrial accidents

Accidents Broader TermIndustrial hygiene Related TermIndustrial safety Related Term

Industrial buildings

Buildings Broader TermFactories Related TermMills Narrower Term

Industrial hazards

Health hazards Related Term

Industrial health

Occupational healthand safety Related Term

Industrial hygiene

Industrial accidents Related TermHealth hazards Related TermIndustrial safety Related TermOccupational diseases Related TermOccupational stress Related TermRehabilitation Related Term

Industrial relations

Conflict resolution Related TermGrievance procedures Related TermPersonnel management Related TermLabour contracts Narrower TermLabour relations Narrower TermUnions Narrower Term

Industrial safety

Industrial accidents Related TermIndustrial hygiene Related TermOccupational health

and safety Related Term

Industries

Chemical industry Narrower TermGas industry Narrower TermLiquefied petroleum gasIndustry Narrower TermPetroleum industry Narrower TermPetrochemical industry Narrower Term

InfantsPeople from 0 - 2 years

Infected areasDefined areas in which an exotic animaldisease exists, is believed to exist, or inwhich the infective agent of an exoticdisease exists or is believed to exist.

Restricted areas Related Term

Infection

Diseases Related TermInfection control Related TermInfection prevention Related TermPlagues Related TermCommunicable diseases Narrower Term

Infection control

Infection Broader Term

Infection prevention

Infection Broader Term

Infectious diseases

Communicable diseases Use

Infectious materials(a) Materials containing disease-producingorganisms (b) Materials containinghazardous substances.

Infectious substances Non-preferred TermHazardous materials Related Term

Infectious substances

Infectious materials Use


62

InfestationA pervasive influx and development ofinsects or parasites affecting humans,animals, crops or material.

Epidemics Related TermPlague Related Term

Inflammable materials


Information management

Management Broader TermComputers Related TermInformation security Related TermInformation systems Related TermRecords management Related TermTechnology Related TermInformation networks Narrower Term

Information networks

Information management Broader Term

Information security

Security Broader TermInformation management Related Term

Information services

Libraries Related TermResource centres Related Term

Information systems

Information management Related TermInformation technology Related TermInternet Related TermManagement information

systems Narrower TermGeographic information

systems Narrower Term

Information technology

Information systems Related Term

Informed consent

Consent Broader TermSearch and rescue

operations Broader Term

Infrared cameras

Fire fighting operations Related TermThermal imaging Related Term

Injured persons

Casualties Broader Term

InjuriesHarm of any kind done or sustained

Wounds and injuries Broader TermFirst aid Related TermInjury prevention Related TermWounds Related TermAccidents, Wounds

and injury Narrower TermBlast injuries Narrower TermBurns Narrower TermCrush injuries Narrower TermDiving injuries Narrower TermSpinal cord injuries Narrower Term

Injury codes

Codes Broader Term

Injury prevention

Accidents, Woundsand injury Related Term

Wounds and injury Related Term

Inner perimeterThat area which is secured to allow effectivecommand, communication and coordinationcontrol, and to allow for safe operationswhile dealing with an emergency, includingthe immediate ingress and egress needs ofemergency response personnel andvehicles.

Emergency plans Broader Term

Inquests

Coroners Related Term

InquiryThe process of taking inquiries from peopleconcerned about the safety andwhereabouts of friends/relatives suspectedof being affected by an emergency.

National Registration andInquiry System Narrower Term


63

Insecticides

Pesticides Broader Term

Insects

Animals Broader Term

In-service training


Insignia

Emblems Related Term

Inspections

Examinations Related Term

Institutions


Insurance

Liability insurance Non-preferred TermArson Related TermCompensation Related TermLiability Related TermLitigation Related TermLoss assessor Related TermNegligible risks Related TermRisk management Related TermEarthquake insurance Narrower TermDisaster insurance Narrower TermFire insurance Narrower TermFlood insurance Narrower TermPerceived risk Narrower TermRisk minimisation Narrower Term

Insurance, Earthquakes

Earthquakes Broader termInsurance Broader term

Insurgencies

Revolutions Non-preferred Term

Integrated approach

Arrangements for dealing with emergencies/disasters involving an active partnership betweenCommonwealth, State/Territory and local levels ofgovernment, statutory authorities, and voluntaryand community organisations.

All agencies approach Non-preferred Term

Integrated emergency management

Comprehensive approach Related Term

Intellectually handicapped persons

Disabled persons Related Term

IntelligenceInformation that has been evaluated.

Artificial intelligence Narrower Term

Intensive careMedical therapy for the critically ill, usuallygiven under hospital supervision and for ashort period of time.

Medical care Broader Term

Interagency cooperation

Cooperation - interagency Use

Interface fires

Fires Broader Term

Intergovernment cooperation

Interagency cooperation Related Term

Internal security

Security Broader Term

International relief

Foreign aid Broader Term

Internet

Electronic mail Related TermInformation systems Related TermIntranet Related Term

Interpersonal skills

Communication skills Related TermManagement Related Term

Intranet

Internet Related Term

Invasions

Warfare Related Term


64

Investigation reports

Investigations Broader Term

InvestigationsProcesses conducted for the purpose ofaccident prevention, which includesgathering and analysis of information, thedrawing of conclusions, including thedetermination of cause(s) and, whenappropriate, the making of safetyrecommendations.

Fatalities Related TermInvestigation reports Narrower Term

Involuntary riskA risk imposed on people by a controllingbody without their consent.

Risk Broader Term

Ionising radiationRadiation (including alpha particles) capableof causing ionisation of the matter throughwhich it passes and hence damage to livingtissue.

Non ionising radiation Related TermNuclear radiation Narrower Term

Jails

Prisons Use

Jetties

Piers Broader Term


65

Labelling

Classification systems Related Term

Laboratories


Labour contracts

Industrial relations Broader Term

Labour relations


Lakes

Reservoirs Related TermRivers Related Term

Land

Land degradation Narrower TermLand management Narrower TermLand searches Narrower TermLand use Narrower Term

Land degradationProgressive deterioration of land quality orland forms resulting from naturalphenomena or human activity.

Soil degradation Non-preferred TermLand Broader TermLand use Broader Term

Land management

Agriculture Related TermLand use Related TermLand Broader Term

Land mines

Hazardous materials Related TermMines, military explosives Related Term

Land searches

Land Broader TermLand use Related TermSearch operations Related Term

Land slips

Landslides Broader Term

Land use

Land Broader TermLand management Related TermLand searches Related TermLand degradation Narrower TermLand use classification Narrower TermLand use zoning Narrower Term

Land use classification

Land use Broader Term

Land use zoning

Land use Broader TermZones Related TermZoning Narrower Term

Landfill

Waste disposal sites Related Term

LandslidesThe general term given to movement ofmaterial downslope in a mass.

Geological hazards Broader TermNatural disasters Broader TermAvalanches Related TermSoil creep Related TermSubsidence,

Earth movements Related TermLand slips Narrower TermLandslides hazard analysis Narrower TermLandslides stabilisation Narrower TermRockfalls Narrower Term

Landslides hazard analysis


Landslides stabilisation


Law enforcement

Crime Related TermPolice services Related Term


66

Lead agenciesThe agencies identified as primarilyresponsible for responding to a particularemergency.

Combat agencies Non-preferred Term

Lead timeThe period which elapses between the timeand date of determining that an item isrequired until it is actually required by theuser or the item for events to occur beforean activity can be taken.

Disaster response Related TermEmergency response Related Term

Leadership

Management Related TermPersonnel Related Term

Leakage

Spills Related Term

Legal responsibility

Liability Use

LegislationCritical statutes in emergency managementarea.

Building codes Related TermFire protection Related TermRegulations Related Term

LeveesWater retaining earthwork used to confinestreamflow within a specified area along thestream or to prevent flooding due to wavesor tides.

Embankments Broader TermBooms Related TermBunds Related TermDams Related TermDemolition Related TermFlood control Related TermDikes Narrower Term

Level crossings

Railways Related Term

Liability

Legal responsibility Non-preferred TermBuilding codes Related TermFire protection Related TermInsurance Related TermMalpractice Related TermProfessional liability Narrower Term

Liability insurance

Insurance Use

Libraries

Information services Related Term

LicencesLicenses to manufacture, import, export,convey, keep or sell dangerous goods, asthe context may require.

Life boats

Ships Related Term

Life support systems

Advanced life support Narrower TermAdvanced trauma life support Narrower Term

Lifelines(a) The public facilities and systems thatprovide basic life support services such aswater, energy, sanitation, communicationsand transportation. (b) systems or networkswhich provide for the movement of people,goods, services, and information upon whichthe health, safety, comfort and economicactivity of the community depend.

Cordage Related TermPublic utilities Related TermRope rescue Related Term

Lifts

Elevators Use

Lighting

Emergency lighting Narrower Term

Lightning

Weather hazards Broader TermLightning injuries Related TermThunderstorms Related Term


67

Lightning strikes Narrower Term

Lightning injuries

Lightning Related Term

Lightning strikes

Lightning Broader Term

LiquefactionProcess of soil and sand behaving like adense fluid rather than a wet soil massduring an earthquake.

Earthquakes Related Term

Liquefied natural gasLiquefied natural gas is natural gas andother gaseous hydrocarbons that have beencooled under high pressure and convertedinto liquid form, shrinking considerably involume, so they can be more easilytransported by ship.

LNG Non-preferred TermNatural gas Broader Term

Liquefied petroleum gasA material composed predominantly of anyone or more of the following hydrocarbons:propane, propylene, butanes or butylenes.

LPG Non-preferredTerm

Gases Broader Term

Liquefied petroleum gas explosions

Gas explosions Broader TermBLEVE Related Term

Liquefied petroleum gas fires

Fires Broader TermBLEVE Related Term

Liquefied petroleum gas industry

Industries Broader TermLiquefied petroleum gasstorage Narrower Term

Liquefied petroleum gas storage

Hazardous materials storage Broader TermLiquefied petroleum gas

industry Broader Term

Liquefied petroleum gas tanks

Tanks Broader Term

Liquefied petroleum gastransportation


Liquid fuels

Fuels Broader TermFlammable liquids Related Term

Litigation


LNG

Liquefied Natural Gas Use

Local government

Local government disasterplans Narrower Term

Local government disaster plans

Disaster plans Broader TermLocal government Broader Term

LogisticsA range of operational activities concernedwith supply, handling, transportation,distribution of materials. Also applicable tothe transportation of people.

Emergency management Related Term

Long range weather forecasts


LossAny negative consequence, financial orotherwise.

Loss assessment Narrower Term

Loss assessment

Loss Broader Term

Loss assessor



68

LPG

Liquefied petroleum gas Use

Machinery

Equipment Related Term

Major hazardsHazardous activities with a potential forcausing more than a few fatalities at once,especially among people who are notemployees of the plant.


Malls

Shopping centres Broader Term

Malpractice

Liability Related TermNegligence Related Term

Management

Benchmarking Related TermBest practice Related TermBusiness Related TermCommunication Related TermCustomer services Related TermEmergency management Related TermFinance Related TermFreedom of Information Related TermGroup think Related TermHuman resources Related TermOrganisations Related TermPersonnel Related TermPlanning Related TermInterpersonal skills Related TermLeadership Related TermPersonnel management Related TermQuality assurance Related TermQuality control Related TermService evaluation Related TermInformation management Narrower TermMonitoring Narrower TermPublic relations Narrower TermRecords management Narrower TermStrategic management Narrower TermTime management Narrower Term


69

Management information systems

Information systems Broader Term

Manpower

Human resourcesmanagement Use

Map reading

Maps Related TermGrid reference Narrower Term

Mapping

Geographic informationsystems Related Term

Hazard mapping Related TermVulnerability mapping Related Term

Maps

Grid reference Narrower TermMap reading Related Term

Marinas

Ports Broader Term

Marine accidents


Marine pollution

Pollution Broader Term

Marine rescue


Maritime disasters

Spills Related TermShipwrecks Narrower Term

Marketing

Services, Marketing Narrower Term

Mass casualties

Casualties Broader TermMass casualty estimates Related TermMass casualty movements Related TermMedical emergencies Related TermMass casualty management Narrower Term

Mass casualty estimates

Mass casualties Related Term

Mass casualty management

Mass casualties Broader TermDisaster medicine Related Term

Mass casualty movements

Mass casualties Related Term

Mass evacuation


Mass fires

Conflagrations Narrower Term

Mass media

Media Use

Mass murder

Massacres Non-preferred TermMurder Broader TermHomicide Related Term

Massacres

Mass murder Use

Material needsThe provision of clothing, bedding andpersonal requisites to emergency affectedpersons.

Emergency relief Related Term

Media

Mass media Non-preferred TermPublic relations Related TermPress Narrower TermTelevision Narrower Term

Medical assistance

Medicine Related Term


70

Medical careExamination and/or treatment of victims by amedical practitioner or other qualified personsuch as a paramedic.

Health care Related TermHealth services Related TermMedical records Related TermMedical services Related TermMedicine Related TermPatient care Related TermIntensive care Narrower Term

Medical emergenciesEvents in which trained personnel arerequired to respond effectively to a medicalcrisis beyond the accepted routine of thehealth care facility.

Compression garments Related TermEmergencies Related TermEmergency medicine Related TermMass casualties Related TermMedical reports Related Term

Medical equipment

Cervical collars Narrower TermDefibrillators Narrower Term

Medical ethics


Medical personnel

Health personnel Non-preferred TermEmergency personnel Related TermMedicine Related TermEmergency medical

personnel Narrower Term

Medical policy


Medical records

Medical care Related Term

Medical reports

Medical emergencies Related Term

Medical services

Hospital emergencydepartments Related Term

Hospital emergencyservice Related Term

Medical care Related TermEmergency medical services Narrower Term

Medical supplies


Medical terminology

Medical transport

Aeromedical evacuation Related Term

Medical wastes

Medicine Broader TermWastes Broader TermHazardous wastes Related Term

Medications

Drugs Related Term

Medicine

Medical assistance Related TermMedical care Related TermMedical ethics Related TermMedical personnel Related TermMedical policy Related TermMedical supplies Related TermMedical wastes Related TermTriage, Medicine Related TermEmergency medicine Narrower TermOperating theatres Narrower Term

Mental health

Mental illness Non-preferred TermHealth Broader TermMental health services Narrower Term

Mental health services

Mental health Broader Term

Mental illness

Mental health Use


71

Metal fires

Fires Broader Term

Meteorological hazards

Meteorology Related Term

Meteorological satellites

Satellites Broader TermWeather Related Term

Meteorological services

Meteorology Related Term

Meteorology

Atmosphere Related TermBalloons Related TermMeteorological hazards Related TermMeteorological services Related TermAir inversion Narrower Term

Micro burstsIn a mature thunderstorm, falling rain andhail drag the surrounding air down, causinga strong down-draught which accelerates asthe air cools due to evaporation of raindrops. It spreads out upon reaching theground producing a cool gusty wind whichcan be strong enough to cause significantdamage.

Down bursts Related Term

MigrationUncontrolled movement of hazardous wastethrough the environment.

Population Related Term

Military aid

Defence forces assistance Use

Military assistance

Defence forces assistance Use

Military bases

Defence forces assistance Related Term

Military services

Defence forces Use

Millibars

Pressure Related Term

Mills

Industrial buildings Broader Term

Mine rescue work

Rescue operations Broader TermMines Related Term

Mine shafts

Shafts, Evacuation Broader Term

Mines

Mine rescue work Related TermCoal mines Narrower Term

Mines, Military explosives

Land mines Related Term

MitigationMeasures taken in advance of a disasteraimed at decreasing or eliminating its impacton society and environment.

Disaster prevention Related TermDisaster mitigation Narrower TermFlood mitigation Narrower TermRisk mitigation Narrower Term

Mobile communication systems

Mobile telephones Narrower Term

Mobile intensive care units

Ambulance officers Related TermAmbulance services Related Term

Mobile telephones

Cellular phones Non-preferred TermCellular telephone systems Non-preferred TermMobile communication

systems Broader TermTelecommunication Broader Term

Mobilisation

Action Related TermActivation Related TermDispatch Related Term


72

Mock disaster training

Drills Related TermExercises Related TermSimulation training Related Term

MonitoringObservation, measurement and valuation ofthe progress of a process or phenomenonwith a view to taking corrective measures.

Management Broader TermDisaster assessment Related Term

MonsoonsSeasonally heavy rains and wind thedirection of which varies from one season toanother, particularly in the Indian Ocean andsouth Asian areas.

Storms Broader TermCyclones Related TermHurricanes Related TermTyphoons Related Term

Mopping UpMaking a fire safe after it has beencontrolled, by extinguishing or removingburning material along or near the fireline.

Salvage Related TermSalvage operations Related Term

MorbidityThe number of sick persons or of diseasesin a given period among a given population.

Diseases Broader TermMorbidity rate Narrower Term

Morbidity rateFor a given disease, the ratio of individualshaving that disease to the total number ofthe population.

Morbidity Broader TermDeaths Related Term

Morgues

Mortuaries Use

MortalityThe number, magnitude or frequency ofdeaths over a period of time amount thetotal sick and well population of an area.

Deaths Related Term

Mortality rate Narrower Term


73

Mortality rateThe ratio of the number of deaths in a givenpopulation to the total number of thatpopulation.

Mortality Broader TermDeaths Related Term

Mortuaries

Morgues Non-preferred Term

Motels

Hotels Use

Motor cycles

Motor vehicles Broader Term

Motor vehicle accidents

Road accidents Use

Motor vehicle driving

Motor vehicles Related TermAmbulance driving Narrower Term

Motor vehicle rescue

Motor vehicles Broader TermRescue operations Broader TermExtrication Related TermRoad accident rescue Related TermVehicle rescue Related Term

Motor vehicles

Road transportation Broader TermVehicles Broader TermMotor vehicle driving Related TermBuses Narrower TermCars Narrower TermMotor cycles Narrower TermMotor vehicle rescue Narrower TermTrucks Narrower Term

Motorways

Freeways Use

Mountaineering

Mountaineering Broader Term

Mountaineering search and rescueoperations

Mountaineering Broader Term

Movement controlRestrictions placed on movement ofanimals, people and things to preventdissemination of disease.

Disaster management Related TermEmergency management Related Term

MudflowsThe down slope transfer of fine earthmaterial mixed with water.

Geological hazards Broader Term

Mudslides

Natural disasters Related Term

Murder

Mass murder Narrower Term

Mutual aid

Emergency plans Related Term


74

National parks

Parks Broader Term

National Registration and InquirySystem

Inquiry Broader TermNatural disasters Broader Term

Natural disastersThose emergencies defined by theCommonwealth for the purpose of theNatural Disaster Relief Arrangements: bushfires, cyclones, earthquakes, floods andstorms including hail.

Disasters Broader TermMudslides Related TermAvalanches Narrower TermCyclones Narrower TermEarthquakes Narrower TermFires Narrower TermFloods Narrower TermHurricanes Narrower TermLandslides Narrower TermNatural disaster warning

systems Narrower TermNatural disasters information

systems Narrower TermStorms Narrower TermTsunamis Narrower TermTyphoons Narrower TermVolcanoes Narrower Term

Natural disasters information systems

Natural disasters Broader Term

Natural gasGaseous hydrocarbons from undergrounddeposits, the production of which may beassociated with the production of crudepetroleum.

Gas, natural Non-preferred TermGases Broader TermLiquefied natural gas Narrower Term

Natural hazardsGeologic, meteorological, or biologicalhazards.

Avalanche hazards Narrower TermClimatic hazards Narrower TermEarthquake hazards Narrower TermGeological hazards Narrower TermOceanographic hazards Narrower TermWeather hazards Narrower Term

Navy


NegligenceFailure to do a job or duty; an act or state ofneglectfulness.

Duty of care Related TermMalpractice Related Term

Negligible risksRisks that are so small that there is nocause for concern about them, and noreason to take action to reduce them.

Risk Broader TermInsurance Related Term

Noise

Noise control Related TermNoise pollution Narrower Term

Noise control

Noise pollution Broader TermNoise Related Term

Noise pollution

Noise Broader TermNoise pollution Broader Term

Nominated agenciesAgencies or organisations responsible for afunctional area during emergency relief.

Disaster relief Related Term

Non-government agencies

Non-governmentorganisations Use


75

Non-government organisationsNon-profit making organisations operating atthe local, national, or international levels.Distinct from a governmental organisation,having no statutory ties with a nationalgovernment.

Non-government agencies Non-preferred TermVoluntary agencies Non-preferred TermRelief agencies Related TermSalvation Army Related TermSt John Ambulance Australia Related TermRed Cross Narrower Term

Non-ionising radiation

Radiation Broader TermIonising radiation Related TermUltraviolet radiation Narrower Term

Non-profit organisations

Welfare services Related Term

Non-verbal communication

Communication Broader TermCommunication skills Related TermGesture Related Term

Notifiable diseases

Diseases Broader TermCommunicable diseases Related TermDisease notification Related Term

Noxious substance


Nuclear accidentsAccidental release of radiation occurring incivil nuclear facilities, exceeding theinternationally established safety levels.


Nuclear bomb shelters

Nuclear bombs Broader TermBomb shelters Related Term

Nuclear bombs

Nuclear weapons Broader TermNuclear bomb shelters Narrower Term

Nuclear energy

Nuclear power Non-preferred TermNuclear engineering Narrower TermNuclear facilities Narrower TermNuclear industry Narrower Term

Nuclear engineering

Nuclear energy Broader TermNuclear reactors Narrower Term

Nuclear explosions

Explosions Broader Term

Nuclear facilities

Nuclear energy Broader Term

Nuclear fuels

Radioactive materials Broader Term

Nuclear hazardsAll hazards existing from the use of, andexposure to, radioactive substances.

Nuclear energy Broader Term

Nuclear power

Nuclear energy Use

Nuclear power plants

Nuclear power stations Non-preferred TermPower stations Related TermNuclear power plants

location Narrower TermNuclear power plants waste

disposal Narrower Term

Nuclear power plants location

Nuclear power plants Broader Term

Nuclear power plants waste disposal

Nuclear power plants Broader Term

Nuclear power stations

Nuclear power plants Use

Nuclear powered ships

Nuclear ships Non-preferred TermIonising radiation Broader TermRadiation Broader Term


76

Radioactive materials Related Term

Nuclear reactors

Nuclear engineering Broader Term

Nuclear ships

Nuclear powered ships Use

Nuclear warfare

Warfare Broader TermBiological warfare Related TermChemical warfare Related Term

Nuclear weapons

Atomic bomb Non-preferred TermBombs Broader TermNuclear bombs Narrower Term

Nursing

Health care Related Term

Nutrition

Food aid Related Term

Occupational diseases

Industrial hygiene Related TermOccupational stress Related Term

Occupational health and safety

Industrial safety Broader TermIndustrial health Related Term

Occupational stress

Stress, physiology Broader TermIndustrial hygieneOccupational diseases Related Term

Occupational training

Education Broader Term

Oceanographic hazards


Office buildings


Offshore drilling rigs

Offshore structures Broader TermOil and gas platforms Related TermOil rigs Related TermOil well drilling rigs Related Term

Offshore gas industry

Gas industry Related Term

Offshore structures

Gas wells Related TermOil wells Related TermOffshore drilling rigs Narrower Term

Oil and gas platforms

Offshore drilling rigs Related Term

Oil disasters

Disasters Broader TermOil pollution Related Term


77

Oil fires

Tanker fires Related Term

Oil pollution

Pollution Broader TermOil disasters Related Term

Oil refineries

Petroleum refineries Use

Oil rigs

Offshore drilling rigs Related Term

Oil spillsIncidents involving the accidental orintentional release of oil into the marineenvironment, or the slick produced by suchan incident.

Dispersing agents Related TermPollution Related Term

Oil storage

Oil tanks Narrower Term

Oil tankers

Tankers Use

Oil tanks

Oil storage Broader TermTanks Broader Term

Oil well drilling rigs

Drilling platforms Related TermGas wells Related TermOffshore drilling rigs Related TermOil wells Related Term

Oil wells

Offshore structures Related TermOil well drilling rigs Related Term

Olympic Games

Olympics Use

Olympics

Olympic Games Non-preferred TermEvents Related TermSpecial events Related Term

Operating proceduresDocuments containing specific, step-wiseinstructions on carrying out operationalprocedures.

Standard operating procedures RelatedTerm

Operating systems

Incident control systems Related Term

Operating theatres

Medicine Broader TermHospitals Related Term

Operational planning

Disaster plans Broader TermEmergency planning Broader Term

Organisational behaviour


Organisational change

Organisations Broader TermRe-engineering Related Term

Organisations

Agencies Non-preferred TermManagement Related TermRecovery Agency Related TermGovernment agencies Narrower TermInstitutions Narrower TermOrganisational behaviour Narrower TermOrganisational change Narrower TermStatutory authorities Narrower TermVoluntary organisations Narrower Term

OverpressureThe pressure resulting from the blast orshock wave of an explosion.

Explosion overpressure Non-preferred Term

Ozone depletion

Global warming Related Term


78

Panic

Hysteria Non-preferred TermFear Related TermHuman behaviour Related TermRiots Related Term

ParamedicsEmergency personnel with advanced lifesupport skills.

Ambulance officers Related TermEmergency service

personnel Related Term

Parks

National parks Narrower Term

Partnerships

Emergency servicescooperation Related Term

Passenger ships

Ships Broader Term

Patient assessment

Diagnosis Related TermTriage, medicine Related Term

Patient care

Medical care Related Term

Patient transport

Ambulances Related Term

Peer support

Peers Related TermPersonnel Related Term

Peers

Peer support Related Term

Perceived riskThe level of risk that is thought to exist by anindividual or group of individuals.


Performance appraisal

Personnel management Broader TermPerformance assessment Related Term

Performance assessment

Personnel management Broader TermPerformance appraisal Related TermPerformance indicators Related TermPerformance measures Related Term

Performance indicators

Personnel management Broader TermPerformance assessment Related Term

Performance standards

Personnel management Broader TermStandards Broader TermService evaluation Related Term

Personal support servicesThe process of assisting the diverse,immediate as well as long term personalneeds of people affected by an emergency.

Welfare support Broader TermDisaster welfare services Related Term

Personnel

Human resources Broader TermLeadership Related TermManagement Related TermPeer support Related TermRecruitment Related TermStress management Related TermPersonnel management Narrower TermPersonnel services Narrower Term

Personnel Management

Management Broader termIndustrial relations Related TermCompetencies Narrower TermDelegation of authority Narrower TermPerformance appraisal Narrower TermPerformance assessment Narrower TermPerformance indicators Narrower TermPerformance measures Narrower TermPersonnel standards Narrower TermSupervision Narrower Term


79

Personnel services

Personnel Broader TermPersonnel management Broader Term

Pest control

Vermin Related TermPesticides Narrower Term

PesticidesA chemical or mixture of chemicals used todestroy, prevent or control any livingorganism considered to be a pest.

Agricultural chemicals Broader TermPest control Broader TermBiological warfare Related TermFungicides Related TermHerbicides Narrower TermInsecticides Narrower Term

Petrochemical industry

Chemical industry Broader TermIndustries Broader Term

PetrochemicalsChemicals made from petroleum.

Chemicals Broader TermPetroleum products Broader TermFlammable materials Related TermPetroleum Related Term

Petrol stations

Service stations Use

PetroleumAny naturally occurring hydrocarbon ormixture of hydrocarbons in a gaseous orliquid state.

Petrochemicals Related Term

Petroleum industry

Chemical industry Broader TermIndustries Broader Term

Petroleum pipelines

Pipelines Broader Term

Petroleum products

Petrochemicals Narrower Term

Petroleum refineries

Oil refineries Non-preferred TermRefineries Related Term

Pets

Domestic animals Related Term

Pharmaceutical services

Pharmacies Broader Term

Pharmacies

Chemists Related TermPharmaceutical services Narrower Term

Photography

Aerial photography Related TermGeographic information

systems Related Term

Physical restraints

Immobilisation Related Term

Physically handicapped

Disabled persons Broader Term

Physiological stress

Stress, physiology Broader Term

Piers

Wharves Related TermJetties Narrower Term

Pipelines

Gas pipelines Narrower TermPetroleum pipelines Narrower Term

Plague

Diseases Related TermEpidemics Related TermInfections Related TermInfestation Related Term

Planning

Management Related TermBusiness planning Narrower TermStrategic planning Narrower TermUrban planning Narrower Term


80

PlansFormal records of agreed emergencymanagement roles, responsibilities,strategies, systems and arrangements.

Contingency plansCyclone plans Narrower TermDisaster plans Narrower TermEmergency plans Narrower TermFlood plans Narrower TermHurricane plans Narrower TermRecovery plans Narrower TermResponse plans Narrower TermStrategic plans Narrower Term

Plant diseases

Diseases Broader Term

Plants

Algae Narrower Term

Plumes(a) Columns of non-combustible productsemitted from a fire (smoke)(b) Vapour cloud formations having shapeand buoyancy(c) The airborne radioactive materialsreleased from a nuclear power plant andcarried by the prevailing winds which mayeffect radiologically those downwind areasover which it passes.

Poisoning

Food poisoning Narrower Term

Poisonous substances

Poisons Use

PoisonsSubstances that, when introduced insufficient quantity into an animal organismby ingestion, inhalation or absorption,destroys or threatens to destroy life orinjures health.

Poisonous substances Non-preferred TermHazardous materials Broader TermToxic gases Related TermToxic liquids Related TermToxic Related TermToxicology Related Term

Poisons information centres Narrower Term

Poisons Information Centres

Poisons Broader Term

Police

Emergency servicepersonnel Broader Term

Police communicationsystems Related Term

Police powers Related TermPolice regulations Related TermPolice services Related TermPolice vehicles Related TermPolice officers Narrower Term

Police communication systems

Communications systems Broader TermPolice Related Term

Police officers

Police Broader TermEmergency personnel Related Term

Police powers

Police Related Term

Police regulations

Police Related Term

Police services

Emergency services Broader TermCollocation Related TermLaw enforcement Related TermPolice Related Term

Police stations


Police vehicles

Emergency vehicles Broader TermPolice Related Term


81

PollutionDegradation of one or more elements oraspects in the environment by noxiousindustrial, chemical or biological wastes,from debris or man-made products and frommismanagement of natural andenvironmental resources.

Contamination Related TermEffluents Related TermOil spills Related TermAir pollution Narrower TermAtmospheric pollution Narrower TermEnvironmental pollution Narrower TermMarine pollution Narrower TermOil pollution Narrower TermSoil pollution Narrower TermWater pollution Narrower Term

Pollution management

Ground water Related Term

Population

Demography Related TermMigration Related Term

Population at riskA well defined population whose lives,property and livelihoods are threatened bygiven hazards.

Population density

Demographics Broader Term

Population statistics

Demographics Broader TermCensus Related Term

Ports

Harbours Non-preferred TermDocks Related TermWharves Related TermMarinas Narrower Term

Post disaster mitigation

Disasters Related Term

Post disaster operations

Disasters Related Term

Post mortems

Autopsies Use

Post traumatic stressSymptoms or reactions following anabnormal event.

Stress, physiology Broader TermCounselling Related TermCritical incident stress Related TermPost-traumatic stress

debriefing Related TermPsychological debriefing Related TermPsychological response

to danger Related TermTrauma Related TermTraumatic stress Related TermPost-traumatic stress

disorder Narrower Term

Post traumatic stress debriefing

Debriefing Broader TermCritical incident stress

debriefing Related TermPost traumatic stress Related TermPsychological debriefing Related Term

Post traumatic stress disorderAn anxiety disorder, beyond the normalresponse to stress, caused by exposure to ahighly traumatic event that has beenexcessively demanding.

Post-traumatic stress Broader Term

Potable water

Drinking Water Use

Power failures

Electricity supply Broader TermBlackouts Related TermBrownouts Related Term

Power stations

Nuclear power plants Related TermHydro-electric power stations Narrower Term

Power supplies

Electricity supply Narrower TermEmergency power supplies Narrower Term


82

PredictionA statement of the expected time, place andmagnitude of a future event.

Forecasting Related TermBush fire prediction Narrower TermEarthquake prediction Narrower TermFlood predictions Narrower Term

Pre-hospital care

Disaster medicine Related Term

Preliminary flood warningA warning issued by the Bureau ofMeteorology when flood producing rains areoccurring or are expected over particularriver catchments.

Flood warnings Broader Term

PreparednessActivities designed to minimise loss of lifeand damage, to organise the temporaryremoval of people and property from athreatened location and facilitate timely andeffective rescue, relief and rehabilitation.

Cyclone preparedness Narrower TermDisaster preparedness Narrower TermEarthquake preparedness Narrower TermEmergency preparedness Narrower Term

Prescribed burningThe deliberate and controlled burning ofvegetation growing close to, or on theground to minimise the fuel supply for futurebush or forest fires.

Controlled burning Related TermFuel reduction Related TermHazard reduction Related Term

Preservation

Conservation Related Term

Press

Media Broader Term

Pressure

Millibars Related TermAtmospheric pressure Narrower Term

Pressure burst

BLEVE Use

Prisoners

Prisons Related Term

Prisons

Gaols Non-preferred TermJails Non-preferred TermBuildings Broader TermPrisoners Related Term

Privacy

Confidentiality Related Term

Probabilities

Frequency Related Term

ProbabilityThe likelihood of a specific outcome,measured by the ratio of specific outcomesto the total number of possible outcomes.

Probability analysis Narrower Term

Probability analysisThe derivation of both the likelihood ofincidents occurring and the likelihood ofparticular outcomes (or effects) shouldthese events occur.

Frequency analysis Non-preferred TermProbability Broader Term

ProceduresPre-planned detailed directions for dealingwith specific occurrences.

Directives Related TermProtocol Related TermRecovery procedures Narrower TermStandard operating

procedures Narrower TermStandby Narrower Term

Professional liability

Liability Broader Term

Protective clothingEquipment designed to protect the wearerfrom heat and/or dangerous goodscontacting the skin or eyes.


83

Full protective clothing Non-preferred TermClothing Broader TermProtective equipment Related Term

Protective equipment

Protective clothing Related TermBreathing apparatus Narrower Term

Protocol

Procedures Related Term

Psychiatric emergencies

Human behaviour Related Term

Psychiatry

Human behaviour Related TermPsychotherapy Related Term

Psychological assessment

Psychology Related TermPsychological services Related Term

Psychological debriefing


Post-traumatic stress Related TermPost-traumatic stress

debriefing Related TermPsychological services Related TermTraumatic stress Related TermDebriefing Broader Term

Psychological impact

Psychology Related Term

Psychological response to danger

Post-traumatic stress Related Term

Psychological servicesThe specific forms of assistance, rangingfrom initial support through to longer termclinical treatment, provided by trainedpersonnel within this framework.

Psychological assessment Related TermPsychological debriefing Related TermPsychological stress Related Term

Psychological stress

Psychological services Related TermTraumatic stress Related Term


84

Psychology

Psychological assessment Related TermPsychological impact Related TermPsychotherapy Related TermDisaster psychology Narrower TermDisaster victim psychology Narrower TermHuman behaviour Narrower Term

Psychotherapy

Psychiatry Related TermPsychology Related Term

Public awarenessThe process of informing the public as to thenature of the hazard and actions needed tosave lives and property prior to and in theevent of disaster.

Community preparedness Related TermDisaster education Related TermPublic education Related TermCommunity awareness Narrower Term

Public education

Safety education Broader TermCommunity awareness Related TermCommunity education Related TermPublic awareness Related Term

Public healthThe discipline in health sciences that, at thelevel of the community or the public, aims atpromoting prevention of disease, sanitaryliving, laws, practices and healthierenvironment.

Health Broader TermEnvironmental health Related TermEnvironmental health officer Related TermQuarantine Related TermSanitation Related TermPublic health services Narrower Term

Public health services

Health services Broader TermPublic health Broader Term

Public participation

Citizen participation Non-preferred TermCommunity awareness Related Term

Public relations

Management Broader TermBusiness Related TermEmergency services Related TermMedia Related Term

Public safety

Community safety Related TermSafety education Related Term

Public serviceCareer government service and the lawsgoverning it.

Civil service Non-preferred Term

Public shelters

Shelters Broader TermAir raid shelters Related Term

Public utilities

Lifelines Related Term

Public welfare

Welfare services Related Term

Pyromania

Arson Related Term

Pyrotechnics

Fireworks Use


85

Quality assurance

Management Related TermQuality control Related Term

Quality control

Management Related TermQuality assurance Related Term

QuarantineLegal restrictions imposed on a place ortrace of land by the serving of a notice andlimiting access or egress of specifiedanimals, persons or things.

Exotic animal diseases Related TermPublic health Related TermZoonoses Related Term

Racism

Discrimination Related Term

Radiant heat

Heat Broader TermExposure hazard Related Term

RadiationElectromagnetic waves or quanta, andatomic or sub-atomic particles, propagatedthrough spaces or through a materialmedium.

Radiation injuries Related TermRadiation standards Related TermRadioactivity Related TermAtmospheric radiation Narrower TermDosimeters Narrower TermNon-ionising radiation Narrower TermNuclear radiation Narrower TermRadiation decontamination Narrower TermRadioactive fallout Narrower TermRadioactive hazards Narrower TermRadioisotope Narrower TermSolar radiation Narrower TermThermal radiation Narrower Term

Radiation decontamination


Radiation hazards

Technological hazards Broader Term

Radiation injuries

Radiation Related Term

Radiation standards



86

Radio communications

Communications Broader TermCall signs Related TermRadio frequencies Related TermRadio frequency allocation Related TermRadio operators Related TermRadios Related TermSatellite communications Related TermTelecommunications Related Term

Radio equipment

Radio communications Related TermRadios Related Term

Radio frequency


Radio frequency allocation


Radio operators

Radio communications Related TermRadios Related TermCitizen Band operators Narrower TermHam radio operators Narrower Term

Radioactive hazards


Radioactive materialsMaterials which spontaneously emit ionizingradiation.

Radioactive substances Non-preferred TermHazardous materials Broader TermNuclear radiation Related TermNuclear fuels Narrower TermRadioactive materials

transportation Narrower TermRadioactive pollution Narrower Term

Radioactive materials transportation



Radioactive pollution


Radioactive substances

Radioactive materials Use

Radioactive waste disposal

Waste disposal sites Broader TermRadioactive wastes Related Term

Radioactive wastesConventional materials that have beencontaminated with radiation.

Hazardous materials Broader TermWastes Broader TermRadioactive waste disposal Related TermRadioactive waste sites Related Term

Radioactive falloutThe descent of airborne particles of dust,soot, or, more particularly, of radioactivematerials resulting from a nuclear explosion.

Fallout shelters Narrower Term

RadioactivityThe property of certain radionuclides ofspontaneously emitting particles or gammaradiation or of emitting x-radiation followingorbital electron capture or of undergoingspontaneous fission.


RadioisotopeAn isotope which is radioactive.


Radios

Radio equipment Broader TermRadio communications Related TermRadio frequency Related TermRadio frequency allocation Related TermRadio operators Related Term

Rail tankers

Tankers Broader Term

Rail transportation

Transportation Broader TermRailways Related Term


87

Railroad accidents


Railroads

Railways Use

Railway terminals

Railways Broader TermVolcanic ash Broader Term

Railway tunnels

Railways Broader TermTunnels Broader Term

Railways

Railroads Non-preferred TermLevel crossings Related TermRail transportation Related TermTrains Related TermRailway terminals Narrower TermRailway tunnels Narrower TermUnderground railways Narrower Term

Rain and Rainfall

Weather hazards Broader TermAcid rain Narrower TermDeluges Narrower Term

Rainforests

Forests Broader Term

Reception centresCentres established for the immediatereceipt of evacuees and as such will be theinitial source for the delivery of welfareservices to those evacuees.

Evacuation centres Related Term

Reconnaissance

Disaster assessment Related Term

ReconstructionActions taken to re-establish a communityafter a period of rehabilitation subsequent toa disaster. Actions would includeconstruction of permanent housing, fullrestoration of all services, and completeresumption of the pre-disaster state.

Rehabilitation Related Term

Records management

Management Broader TermInformation management Related Term

Recovery(a) The coordinated process of supportingemergency affected communities inreconstruction of the physical infrastructureand restoration of emotional, social,economic and physical well being.(b) In oil spills, the entire process of thephysical removal of spilled oil from land,water or shoreline environment.

Community recovery Non-preferred TermDisaster recovery Related TermCommunity recovery

committees Narrower TermRecovery plans Narrower Term

Recovery AgencyAn agency having a role or responsibilityunder Emergency Recovery Plans or in therecovery arrangements.

Organisations Related Term

Recovery management

Disaster recovery Broader TermEmergency response Broader TermState Recovery Coordinator Narrower Term

Recovery plans

Plans Broader TermRecovery Broader TermDisaster plans Related TermDisaster recovery Related Term

Recovery proceduresProcedures taken after the emergency torestore the affected area and people asnearly as possible to a functional state.

Procedures Broader Term

Recruitment

Personnel Related Term

Red CrossThe worldwide organisation active inhumanitarian work.

Non-government organisationsBroader Term


88

Relief agencies Broader Term

Re-engineeringManagement strategies to improveeffectiveness of operations and processes.

Organisational change Related Term

Refineries

Petroleum refineries Related TermRefinery fires Related TermSugar refineries Narrower Term

Refinery fires

Refineries Related Term

Refrigeration

Refrigeration plants Narrower Term

Refrigeration plants

Refrigeration Broader TermRefrigeration systems Broader TermCold storage Related Term

Refrigeration systems

Refrigeration plants Narrower Term

Refuelling

Fuels Related TermAircraft refuelling Narrower Term

Refuge fire shelters

Fire refuge areas Use

RefugeesPersons having a well-founded fear ofpersecution for reasons of race, religion,nationality, membership of a particular socialgroup or public opinion. Includes the massexodus of peoples for reasons of conflictand natural disasters.

Displaced persons Related TermRefugees health Related TermRefugees political Related Term

Refugees health

Displaced persons Related TermRefugees Related Term

Refugees, Political

Refugees Related Term

Refuse

Wastes Use

Refuse disposal

Waste disposal Use

RegistrationThe process of recording details of allpeople affected by an emergency or disasterwhether they are evacuated or remain in theaffected area.

Emergency management Related TermNational Registration and

Inquiry System Narrower Term

Regulations

Legislation Broader TermSafety regulations Narrower Term

RehabilitationThe operations and decisions after adisaster, with the view to restoring to thestricken country, communities, families andindividuals the former living conditions,whilst at the same time encouraging andfacilitating the necessary adjustments to thechanges caused by the disaster.

Disaster relief Related TermIndustrial hygiene Related TermReconstruction Related Term

ReliefThe provision of immediate shelter, lifesupport and human needs of personsaffected by, or responding to, anemergency.

Appeals Related TermFood aid Related TermRelief agencies Related TermRelief operations Related TermRelief payments Related TermDisaster relief Narrower TermDrought relief Narrower TermEmergency relief Narrower TermWar relief Narrower Term


89

Relief agencies

Relief organisations Non-preferred TermNon-government organisation Related TermRelief Related TermSt John Ambulance Australia Related TermVoluntary organisations Related TermRed Cross Narrower Term

Relief operations

Relief Related Term

Relief organisations

Relief agencies Use

Relief payments

Aid Related TermEmergency grants Related TermRelief Related Term

RelocationMovement of persons and/or organisationsto an alternate area


Remote areasAreas where because of distance, time orcircumstance, the medical resourcesrequired to adequately manage the eventare delayed to the potential detriment of thecasualties.

Disaster management Related TermEmergency management Related Term

Remote sensingThe observation and/or study of an area,object or phenomenon from an aerialdistance, frequently using data collected bysatellite.

Geographic InformationSystems Related Term

Rescue aircraftUse of aircraft in sea rescue.

Aircraft Broader TermRescue operations Related TermAir sea rescue Narrower Term

Rescue appliances

Emergency vehicles Broader TermFire appliances Related TermRescue operations Related Term

Rescue equipment

Equipment Broader TermRescue operations Related TermAirbags, rescue equipment Narrower Term

Rescue operationsThe organisation of the safe removal ofpersons or animals from actual orthreatened danger or physical harm.

Rescue work Non-preferred TermRescues Non-preferred TermRescue Broader TermExtrication Related TermRescue aircraft Related TermRescue appliances Related TermRescue equipment Related TermRescue teams Related TermSearch and rescue operations Related TermSearch operations Related TermUrban search and rescue Related TermAir sea rescue Narrower TermAircraft rescue Narrower TermAvalanche rescue Narrower TermCave rescue Narrower TermConfined space rescue Narrower TermFlood rescue Narrower TermMarine rescue Narrower TermMine rescue work Narrower TermMotor vehicle rescue Narrower TermSea rescue Narrower TermTrench rescue Narrower TermUrban heavy rescue Narrower TermWater rescue Narrower Term

Rescue services

Emergency services Broader Term

Rescue teams

Rescue operations Related Term

Rescue work

Rescue operations Use


90

Rescues

Rescue operations Use

ReservoirsArtificial lakes, ponds or basins for storage,regulation and control of water, silt, debris orother liquid or liquid-borne materials.

Bunds Related TermDams Related TermSpillways Related TermLakes Related TermWeirs Related TermFlood dams Narrower TermSpillage control Narrower Term

ResettlementActions necessary for the permanentsettlement of persons dislocated orotherwise affected by a disaster to an areadifferent from their last place of habitation.


Residential buildings


Residual riskThe remaining level of risk after risktreatment measures have been taken.

Risk Broader Term

Resource centres

Information services Related Term

ResourcesAll personnel and equipment available, orpotentially available, for incident tasks.

Respiration

Breathing apparatus Related TermRespirators Related Term

Respirators

Breathing apparatus Related TermRespiration Related Term

ResponseActions taken in anticipation of, during, andimmediately after an emergency to ensurethat its effects are minimised, and thatpeople affected are given immediate reliefand support.

Fire cover Related TermResponse time Related TermEmergency response Narrower Term

Response AgencyAn agency having a role or responsibilityunder State Emergency Response Plans orthe response arrangements.

Disaster response Broader TermEmergency response Broader Term

Response planningContingency planning Related Term

Response plans

Plans Broader Term

Response time

Alarm systems Related TermDetectors Related TermExtinguishing systems Related TermResponse Related Term

Restricted areasDeclared areas in which defined rigorousconditions apply to the movement in, out of,and within, of specified animals, personsand things.

Control areas Related TermExclusion areas Related TermInfected areas Related Term

ResuscitationReviving one who is seriously injured orapparently dead.

Resuscitation orders Related TermCardio-pulmonary

resuscitation Narrower Term

Resuscitation orders

Resuscitation Related Term______________________________________Revolutions


91

Insurgencies Use

Richter scaleAn open-ended logarithmic scale used toexpress the magnitude or total energy of aseismic disturbance (or earthquake). Ameasure of the amplitude of earthquakewaves at their point of origin, giving anindication of how much energy has beenreleased.


Riot control

Riots Related Term

Riots

Civil disorder Broader TermCrowds Related TermPanic Related TermRiot control Related Term

RiskA concept used to describe the likelihood ofa consequence arising from a set ofcircumstances.

Risk analysis Related TermRisk communication Related TermRisk criteria Related TermRisk identification Related TermRisk factors Related TermRisk level Related TermRisk perception Related TermAcceptable risk Narrower TermEnvironmental risk Narrower TermIncidents Narrower TermIndividual risk Narrower TermInvoluntary risk Narrower TermNegligible risk Narrower TermResidual risk Narrower TermRisk assessment Narrower TermRisk treatment Narrower TermRisk management Narrower TermSocietal risk Narrower TermTechnological risk Narrower TermTolerable risk Narrower Term

Risk analysisA systematic use of available information todetermine how often specific events mayoccur and the magnitude of their likelyconsequences.

Hazard audits Related TermRisk Related TermRisk assessment Related Term

Risk assessmentThe process used to determine riskmanagement priorities by evaluating andcomparing the level of risk againstpredetermined standards, target risk levelsor other criteria.

Risk Broader TermRisk analysis Related Term

Risk communicationInteractive processes involving theexchange of information and opinion aboutrisk among individuals, groups, andinstitutions.

Communication Broader TermRisk Related TermRisk perception Related Term

Risk criteriaStandards by which the results of riskassessment can be assessed.

Individual risk Related TermRisk Related Term

Risk factors

Factors Broader TermRisk Related Term

Risk identification

Risk Related Term

Risk levelThe degree of quantitative risk.

Risk Related TermRisk management Related Term


92

Risk managementThe systematic application of management,procedures and practices to the tasks ofidentifying, analysing, evaluating, treatingand monitoring risk.

Risk Broader TermInsurance Related TermRisk level Related Term

Risk minimisation


Risk mitigation

Mitigation Broader Term

Risk perception

Risk Related TermRisk communication Related TermRisk reduction Related Term

Risk reductionA selective application of appropriatetechniques and management principles toreduce either likelihood of an occurrence orits consequences, or both.

Risk perception Related Term

Risk treatmentSelection and implementation of appropriateintervention strategies for dealing with risk.

Risk Broader Term

Rivers

Glaciers Related TermLakes Related TermCreeks Narrower TermStreams Narrower Term

Road accident rescueThe freeing and extrication of trappedpeople from motor vehicles.

Motor vehicle rescue Related Term

Road accidents

Motor vehicle accidents Non-preferredTerm Accidents Broader TermBus accidents Related Term

Road safety

Roads Related TermHeavy vehicle safety Narrower Term

Road tankers

Tankers Broader Term

Road transport

Road transportation Use

Road transportation

Transportation Broader TermMotor vehicles Related TermRoads Related TermTrucks Narrower Term

Road tunnels

Roads Broader TermTunnels Broader Term

Roads

Road safety Related TermRoad transportation Related TermFreeways Narrower TermHighways Narrower TermRoad tunnels Narrower Term

Rock fallsFree-falling or precipitous movement of anewly detached segment of bedrock of anysize from a cliff or other very steep slope.


Rope rescue

Cordage Related TermLifelines Related Term

Royal Flying Doctor Service

Aeromedical services Related Term

RunoffThat part of precipitation which flowstowards a river on the ground surface(surface runoff) or within the soil(subsurface runoff or interflow).

Floods Related Term


93

Rural areas

Country areas Non-preferred Term

Sabotage

Terrorism Related Term

Safe areas

Shelters Related Term

Safety audits

Hazard audits Use

Safety education

Education Broader TermPublic safety Related TermPublic education Narrower Term

Safety equipment

Airbags, safety equipment Narrower Term

Safety regulations

Regulations Broader Term

Sailing

Boats and boating Related Term

Salination

Desalination Related Term

Salvage

Mopping up Related Term

Salvage operationsThe clean-up of debris after an incidentincluding salvage.

Mopping up Related Term

Salvation Army

Non-government organisationsRelated Term

Sand storms

Storms Broader Term

SanitationThe application of measures and techniquesaimed at ensuring and improving generalhygiene to the community.

Public health Related Term


94

Satellite communication systems

Satellites Broader Term

Satellite communications

Radio communications Related Term

Satellites

Global positioning system Related TermMeteorological satellites Narrower Term

Schools


Sea level

Sea level rise Related Term

Sea level rise

Global warming Related TermSea level Related Term

Sea rescue


Sea surgesRises in sea level that results in theinundation of areas along the coastlinescaused by movement of ocean and seacurrent, winds and major storms.

Storm surges Related Term

Sea transportation

Transportation Broader TermShips Related Term

Search and rescueThe process of locating and recoveringdisaster victims and the application of firstaid and basic medical assistance as may berequired.

Urban search and rescue Related TermSearch and rescue

operations Narrower Term

Search and rescue operationsOperations related to the location andrecovery of disaster victims.

Search and rescue Broader TermRescue operations Related TermRescue operations Related TermSearch operations Related TermUrban heavy rescue Related TermAir sea rescue Narrower TermInformed consent Narrower TermUrban search and rescue Narrower Term

Search operations

Searches Broader TermLand searches Related TermRescue operations Related TermSearch and rescue

operations Related Term

Searches

Search operations Narrower Term

Secondary hazardsHazards occurring as a result of anotherhazard or disaster.


Security

Information security Narrower TermInternal security Narrower TermNational security Narrower Term

Security systems

Alarm systems Related Term

Seismic risk

Earthquake risk Use

Seismic safety

Earthquake safety Use

Seismic zonesA region within which there is an obviousgrouping of earthquake epicentres



95

SeismologyThe study of earthquakes, seismic sourcesand wave propagation through the earth.


Service evaluation

Business Related TermManagement Related TermPerformance standards Related Term

Service stations

Petrol stations Non-preferred TermBuildings Broader TermFuel depots Related Term

Services, MarketingMarketing of safety, fire safety, road safetyprograms and services.

Marketing Broader Term

Severe storms

Storms Broader Term

Sewage

Sewage disposal Related TermWastes

Sewage disposal

Sewage Related Term

Shafts, Evacuation

Earthwork excavation Broader TermVentilation Related TermMine shafts Narrower Term

SheltersPhysical protection requirements of disastervictims who no longer have access tonormal habitation facilities.

Emergency accommodation Related TermEvacuation areas Related TermSafe areas Related TermTemporary accommodation Related TermBomb shelters Narrower TermEmergency shelters Narrower TermFallout shelters Narrower TermPublic shelters Narrower Term

Ships

Life boats Related TermSea transportation Related TermBoats and boating Narrower TermCargo ships Narrower TermContainer ships Narrower TermFerries Narrower TermPassenger ships Narrower TermTanker ships Narrower TermTankers Narrower TermWarships Narrower Term

Shipwrecks

Maritime disasters Broader Term

Shock

Electric shocks Narrower TermToxic shock Narrower TermTraumatic shock Narrower Term

Shock waves

Blast wave Use

Shootings

Crime Related Term

Shopping centres

Malls Narrower Term

Sieges

Hostages Related Term

Signals

Communications Related TermSirens Related Term

Signs and signboards

Codes Related Term

Simulation methods

Exercises Related Term

Simulation training

Drills Related TermMock disaster training Related Term

Sirens

Signals Related Term


96

Vehicle warning systems Related Term

Small business

Business continuity Related TermBusiness planning Related TermBusiness recovery Related Term

SmokeCarbon or soot particles or tarry dropletsless than 0.1 micrometre in size, andsuspended in air, which result from theincomplete combustion of carbonaceousmaterials such as coal or oil.

Combustion products Broader TermGases Related TermVapours Related Term

Smoke damage

Damage Broader TermFire damage Broader Term

Snow storms

Storms Broader TermBlizzards Narrower Term

Social change

Sociology Broader Term

Societal riskThe risk of a number of fatalities occurring.The societal risk concept is based on thepremise that society is more concerned withincidents which kill a larger number ofpeople than incidents which kill fewernumbers.

Risk Broader TermGroup risk Related TermIndividual risk Related Term

SociologySocio-economic characterisation ofpopulation.

Demography Related TermSocial change Narrower Term

Socio-technological disastersDisasters arising from the interactionbetween people and technology.

Disasters Broader TermTechnological disasters Related Term

Soil conservation

Conservation Broader Term

Soil contamination

Soil pollution Use

Soil creep

Landslides Related Term

Soil degradation

Land degradation Use

Soil erosion

Erosion Broader Term

Soil pollution

Soil contamination Non-preferred TermPollution Broader TermAtmospheric pollution Related TermWater pollution Related Term

Solar energy

Fuels Broader Term

Solar radiation

Radiation Broader TermGreenhouse effect,

atmospheric Related Term

Space debris

Debris Broader Term

Special events

Events Broader TermOlympic Games Related Term

Spectator control

Crowd control Use

Spillage control

Reservoirs Broader TermBooms Related TermBunds Related Term

Spills

Leakage Related TermMaritime disasters Related TermChemical spills Narrower Term


97

Hazardous materials spills Narrower Term

SpillwaysWeirs, conduits, tunnels, channels or otherstructures designed to permit dischargesfrom the reservoir when water levels riseabove the crest controlling flow down or intothe spillway structure.

Dams Related TermReservoirs Related Term

Spinal cord injuries

Accidents, Wounds andinjuries Broader Term

Wounds and injuries Broader TermImmobilisation Related Term

Spineboards

Backboards Non-preferred TermCervical collars Related TermImmobilisation Related Term

Spontaneous combustion(a) The process of increase in temperatureof a material to a point of ignition withoutdrawing heat from its surroundings(b) A biological or chemical reaction whichproduces heating to point of ignitionresulting in combustion.

Combustion Broader Term

Spontaneous ignition

Ignition Broader Term

Sports grounds

Grandstands Related TermStadiums Related Term

Spot firesIsolated fires started ahead of the main fireby sparks, embers or other ignited material,sometimes to a distance of severalkilometres.

Fires Broader Term

St John Ambulance AustraliaA national charitable organisation dedicatedto the relief of persons in sickness, distress,suffering or danger.

Non-government organisationsRelated Term

Relief agencies Related Term

Stadiums

Grandstands Related TermSports grounds Related Term

Staging areasA prearranged, strategically placed areawhere support response personnel, vehiclesand other equipment can be held inreadiness for use during an emergency.

Disaster management Broader TermEmergency management Broader Term

Standard operating proceduresA set of directions detailing what actionsshould be taken, as well as how, when, bywhom and why, for specific events or tasks.

Standing operatingprocedures Non-preferred Term

Procedures Broader TermEmergency operations

manual Related TermEmergency procedures Related Term

Standards

Building codes Related TermFire protection Related TermHazardous materials

standards Narrower TermPerformance standards Narrower Term

StandbyThat period normally following alert whendeployment of resources is imminent.

Procedures Broader Term

Standing operating procedures

Standard operatingprocedures Use

State Emergency Service (SES)

Emergency personnel Related TermTerritory Emergency

Services Related Term

State of alertA condition that may be declared when anoccurrence or an impending occurrence is


98

likely to cause loss of life or injury topersons.

Alerts Broader Term

State of disasterA condition that may be declared under aState Emergency Services Act by theGovernor or the Premier when, on therecommendation of the Minister for Policeand Emergency Services, it appears that adisaster has occurred.

Declaration of disaster Related TermDisasters Related Term

State of emergency

Declaration of disaster Related Term

State Recovery Coordinator

Recovery management Broader Term

Statutory authorities


Sterilisation

Disinfection Related Term

Stockpiling

Storage Broader Term

Storage

Hazardous materials storage Narrower TermStockpiling Narrower TermWater storage Narrower Term

Storage tanks

Fuel storage tanks Related TermUnderground storage tanks Narrower Term

Storm damage

Damage Broader TermStorms Related Term

Storm surgesA sudden rise of sea as a result of highwinds and low atmospheric pressure;sometimes called a storm tide, storm wave,or tidal wave. Generally affects only coastalareas but may intrude some distance inland.

Cyclone surges Non-preferred Term

Storm tide Non-preferred TermStorms Broader TermSea surges Related TermTsunamis Related Term

Storm tide

Storm surges Use

Storm warnings

Any forecast of severe weather conditions.Warning systems Broader TermWarnings Broader Term

StormsAtmospheric disturbances involvingperturbations of the prevailing pressure andwind fields, on scales ranging fromtornadoes (1 km across) to extra-tropicalcyclones (2000-3000 km across).

Natural disasters Broader TermDeluges Related TermGales Related TermStorm damage Related TermDust storms Narrower TermFire storms Narrower TermHail storms Narrower TermIce storms Narrower TermMonsoons Narrower TermSand storms Narrower TermSevere storms Narrower TermSnow storms Narrower TermStorm surges Narrower TermThunderstorms Narrower TermWeather hazards Narrower TermWindstorms Narrower Term

Strategic management

Management Broader Term

Strategic planning

Planning Broader Term

Strategic plans

Plans Broader Term

Streams

Rivers Broader Term


99

Stress, physiology

Counselling Related TermFatigue Related TermHuman behaviour Related TermStress management Related TermTrauma Related TermHeat stress Narrower TermCritical incident stress Narrower TermOccupational stress Narrower TermPhysiological stress Narrower TermPost traumatic stress Narrower Term

Stress management

Personnel Related TermStress (physiology) Related TermTrauma management Related Term

Structural design

Building construction Narrower Term

Structural engineering

Building construction Narrower Term

Structural factors

Factors Broader Term

Structural failures

Bridge failures Related TermBuilding collapse Related TermBuilding failures Narrower Term

Structures

Buildings Use

SubsidenceCollapse of a considerable area of landsurface, due to the removal of liquid or solidunderlying or removal of soluble material bymeans of water.

Landslides Related Term

Subways

Underground railways Related Term

Sugar refineries

Refineries Broader Term

Suicide

Deaths Broader Term

Supervision

Personnel management Broader Term


100

Support agenciesAgencies which provide essential services,personnel, or material to support to assist acontrol agency or affected persons.

Control agencies Broader Term

Survival

Survival period Related TermSurvival rate Related TermSurvival skills Related TermSurvival techniques Related Term

Survival period

Survival Related Term

Survival rate


Survival skills


Survival techniques


Survivors

Victims Related Term

Systems failures


Table top exercisesAn umbrella term for some types of indoordiscussion.

Education Broader TermDrills Related TermExercises Broader Term

Tanker fires

Oil fires Related Term

Tanker ship fires

Fires Broader TermTanker ships Related Term

Tanker ships

Ships Broader TermTankers Broader TermCargo ships Related TermTanker ship fires Related Term

Tankers

Oil tankers Non-preferredTerm

Ships Broader TermChemical carriers (tankers) Narrower TermRail tankers Narrower TermRoad tankers Narrower TermTanker ships Narrower Term

Tanks

Water tanks Related TermLiquefied petroleum gas

tanks Narrower TermOil tanks Narrower Term

Teaching

Education Related TermComputer assisted

instruction Narrower Term


101

Technological disastersDisasters arising from other than naturalcauses and include biological, chemical,nuclear, transport and terrorist instigateddisasters.

Disasters Broader TermTechnology Broader TermSocio-technological

disasters Related Term

Technological hazardsA hazard of a technological origin, asopposed to a hazard of a natural origin.

Hazards Broader TermTechnology Broader TermChemical hazards Related TermRadiation hazards Related Term

Technological risk

Risk Broader TermTechnology Broader Term

Technology

Information management Related TermTechnological disasters Narrower TermTechnological hazards Narrower TermTechnological risk Narrower Term

Teenagers

Adolescents Use

Telecommunications

Communications Broader TermRadio communications Related TermTelecommunication systems Narrower TermMobile telephones Narrower TermTelephone systems Narrower Term

Telecommunication systems

Telecommunications Broader Term

Telephone systems

Telecommunications Broader Term

Television

Media Broader Term

Temperature

Body temperature Narrower TermTemperature measurement Narrower Term

Temperature measurement

Temperature Broader Term

Temporary accommodationAccommodation provided over an extendedperiod of days, weeks or months, forindividuals or families affected by anemergency.

Billeting Related TermEmergency accommodation Related TermEmergency housing Related TermTemporary housing Related TermShelters Related Term

Temporary housing

Emergency housing Related TermEmergency shelters Related TermTemporary accommodation Related Term

Tephra

Volcanic ash Use

Terminals, Transportation

Airport terminals Narrower TermRailway terminals Narrower Term

Terminology

Medical terminology Narrower Term

TerrorismThe calculated use of violence or the threatof violence to attain goals that are political,religious or ideological in nature.

Bombings Related TermSabotage Related Term

Testing

Examinations Related TermTests Related Term

Tests

Examination Use

Therapeutics

Treatment Broader Term


102

Thermal burns

Burns and scalds Broader Term

Thermal imaging

Infrared cameras Related Term

Thermal radiation


Threat, Psychological


ThunderstormsSudden electrical discharges manifested bya flash of light (lightning) and a sharp orrumbling sound (thunder).

Storms Broader TermLightning Related Term

Tidal waves

Tsunamis Use

Time factors

Factors Broader Term

Time management

Management Broader Term

Tolerable risksRisks which the exposed people areexpected to bear without undue concern,once all reasonable practicable reductionmeasures have been adopted.

TornadoesViolently rotating storms of small diameter;the most violent weather phenomenon. It isproduced in a very severe thunder stormand appears as a funnel cloud extendingfrom the base of a cumulonimbus to theground.

Twisters Non-preferredTerm

Weather hazards Broader TermCyclones Related TermHurricanes Related Term

Torres Strait Islanders

Aborigines Related Term

Tourism

Tourists Narrower Term

Tourists

Tourism Broader Term

Toxic chemicals

Toxic materials Use

Toxic effectThe property of an agent to producedamage to an organism.

Toxic shock Related Term

Toxic gases

Toxic materials Broader TermPoisons Related Term

Toxic liquids

Toxic materials Broader TermPoisons Related Term

Toxic materialsMaterials or substances which are liable tocause death or serious injury to health ifswallowed, inhaled or by skin contact or bydirect infection through organisms.

Toxic chemicals Non-preferred TermToxic substances Non-preferred TermHazardous materials Broader TermPoisons Related TermToxicity Related TermToxic gases Narrower TermToxic liquids Narrower Term

Toxic shock

Shock Broader TermToxic effect Related TermToxic shock syndrome Narrower Term

Toxic shock syndrome

Toxic shock Broader Term

Toxic substances

Toxic materials Use

Toxic wastes

Hazardous wastes Use


103

ToxicityThe degree of being poisonous; thecapability of a poisonous compound toproduce deleterious effects on organismssuch as alteration to behavioural patterns orbiological productivity or death.

Toxic materials Related Term

Toxicology(a) The science of poisons, harmfulchemical substances, organic toxins, and oftheir detection, effects, elimination andantidotes(b) The study of chemical substances whichexert deleterious effects on living organisms,their chemistry in relation to their mode ofaction, antidotes, and physiological effects.

Poisons Related Term

Traffic


Training

Drills Related TermEducation Related TermFire drills Related TermTraining facilities Related TermTraining programs Related TermAmbulance services training Narrower TermEmergency medical training Narrower TermIn-service training Narrower TermTraining courses Narrower TermTraining exercises Narrower TermTraining needs analysis Narrower Term

Training courses


Training exercises

Education Broader TermExercises Broader Term

Training facilities

Education Broader TermTraining Related TermUniversities and colleges Related Term

Training needs analysis


Training programs

Training Broader TermEducation Broader Term

Trains

Railways Related Term

Trams


Translation

Communicating Broader Term

Transportation

Air transportation Narrower TermAmbulance transport Narrower TermFuel transport Narrower TermRail transportation Narrower TermRoad transportation Narrower TermSea transportation Narrower TermTraffic Narrower TermTrams Narrower Term

TraumaInjury of any nature.

Post traumatic stress Related TermStress, Physiology Related TermTraumatic stress Narrower Term

Trauma counselling


Trauma management

Stress management Related Term

Traumatic shock

Shock Broader Term

Traumatic stress

Trauma Broader TermCritical incident stress Related TermPost traumatic stress Related TermPsychological debriefing Related Term


104

Psychological stress Related Term Treatment

Therapeutics Narrower TermTreatment priority Narrower TermTreatment refusal Narrower TermTreatment withdrawal Narrower TermWaste treatment Narrower Term

Treatment priority


Treatment refusal


Treatment withdrawal


Trees

Forestry Related Term

TremorA shaking movement of the groundassociated with earthquakes or explosions.


Trench rescue

Rescue operations Broader TermTrenches Broader TermConfined space Related Term

Trenches

Trench rescue Related Term

Triage, MedicineThe process by which casualties are sorted,prioritised and distributed according to theirneed for first aid, resuscitation, emergencytransportation and definitive care.

Casualty clearing stations Related TermDisaster medicine Related TermEmergency medicine Related TermFirst aid Related TermMedicine Related TermPatient assessment Related Term

Tropical cyclones

Cyclones Broader Terms


105

Trucks

Motor vehicles Broader TermRoad transportation Broader Term

Tsunami Intensity ScaleAn intensity scale providing descriptions ofsix levels of tsunami intensity.

Tsunamis Related Term

Tsunami warning systems

Forecasting Broader TermTsunamis Related Term

TsunamisA water wave generated by a suddenchange in the sea bed resulting from anearthquake, volcanic eruption or landslide.

Tidal waves Non-preferred TermNatural disasters Broader TermEarthquake hazards Related TermStorm surges Related TermTsunami Intensity Scale Related TermTsunami warning systems Related Term

Tunnelling

Blasts Related Term

Tunnels

Railway tunnels Narrower TermRoad tunnels Narrower Term

Twisters

Tornadoes Use

TyphoonsThe name given to a tropical cyclone withmaximum sustained winds of 64 knots ormore near the centre in the western NorthPacific.

Weather hazards Broader TermCyclones Related TermHurricanes Related TermMonsoons Related TermNatural disasters Related Term

Ultraviolet radiation

Non-ionising radiation Broader Term

Underground railways

Railways Broader TermSubways Related Term

Underground storage tanks

Storage tanks Broader Term

Unified Command SystemA method for all agencies or individuals whohave jurisdictional responsibility, or in somecases who have functional responsibilities atthe incident, to contribute determination ofoverall objectives for the incident andselection of strategies to achieve theobjectives.

Incident management Related Term

Unions


Universities

Training facilities Related Term

Urban areas

Cities and towns Related TermUrban planning Related TermUrban interface Narrower Term

Urban fire detection

Fire fighting operations Related Term

Urban heavy rescue

Rescue operations Broader TermSearch and rescue

operations Related Term

Urban interface

Urban rural interface Non-preferred TermUrban areas Broader Term

Urban planning

Planning Broader Term


106

Urban areas Related Term

Urban rural interface

Urban interface Use

Urban search and rescueAn integrated multi-agency response, whichis beyond the capability of normal rescuearrangements, to locate, provide initialmedical care, and remove entrappedpersons from damaged structures and otherenvironments in a safe and expeditiousmanner.

Search and rescueoperations Broader Term

Rescue operations Related TermSearch and rescue Related Term

Urbanisation

Demography Related Term

VaccinationMethod of preventing certain infectiousdiseases by conferring active immunity in aperson through the introduction, byinjection/ingestion/application, of certainpreparations called vaccines which reinforcethe resistance of the body.

Immunisation Related Term

Vandalism

Crime Related Term

VapoursGaseous form of a substance which isnormally in the solid or liquid state at roomtemperature and pressure.

Dusts Related TermFumes Related TermGases Related TermSmoke Related Term

Vector control(a) Control of insects capable of transmittingdisease(b) Measures taken to decrease the numberof disease carrying organisms (vectors) andto diminish the risk of their spreadinginfectious disease.

Vectors Broader Term

VectorsAn insect or other organism transmittingexotic animal disease agents.

Exotic animal diseases Related TermVector control Narrower Term

Vehicle rescue

Motor vehicle rescue Related TermVehicles Related Term

Vehicle warning systems

Vehicles Broader TermWarning systems Broader TermSirens Related Term


107

Vehicles

Vehicle rescue Related TermAutomatic vehicle location Narrower TermEmergency vehicles Narrower TermMotor vehicles Narrower TermVehicle warning systems Narrower Term

Ventilation

Buildings Related TermShafts, evacuation Related Term

VerminRodents capable of transmitting disease.

Pest control Related Term

Veterinary medicine

Animal diseases Related Term

Viaducts

Bridges Use

Victim identification

Disaster victim identification Use

VictimsPersons adversely affected by an incident.

Fatalities Related TermSurvivors Related TermCasualties Narrower TermDisaster victims Narrower TermVictims of crime Narrower Term

Victims of crime

Victims Broader TermCrime Related Term

Violence

Crime Related Term

Volcanic ashFragmented rock and ash ejected by avolcanic eruption.

Tephra Non-preferred TermVolcanoes Related TermRailway terminals Narrower Term

Volcanic eruptions

Warning systems Broader Term

Volcanic hazard assessment

Volcanoes Broader Term

VolcanoesAn opening in the crust that has allowedmagma to reach the surface.

Natural disasters Broader TermVolcanic ash Related TermVolcanic hazard

assessment Narrower Term

Voluntary agencies

Non-governmentorganisation Use

Voluntary organisations

Organisations Broader TermAssociations Related TermRelief agencies Related TermWelfare services Related TermWelfare support Related Term

Volunteer recruitment

Volunteers Broader Term

Volunteer retention


Volunteers

Emergency servicepersonnel Narrower Term

Emergency servicesvolunteers Narrower Term

Volunteer recruitment Narrower TermVolunteer retention Narrower TermVolunteers legal status Narrower Term

Volunteers legal status


VulcanologyThe scientific study of volcanoes.


108

VulnerabilityThe degree of susceptibility of theenvironment to a hazard.

Disaster vulnerability Narrower TermVulnerability analysis Narrower TermVulnerability assessment Narrower TermVulnerability reduction Narrower Term

Vulnerability analysisAssessment of elements in the communitythat are subject to damage should ahazardous materials release occur.

Vulnerability Broader TermVulnerability assessment Related Term

Vulnerability assessment

Vulnerability Broader TermHazard assessment Related TermVulnerability analysis Related Term

Vulnerability mapping

Mapping Related Term

Vulnerability reduction

Vulnerability Broader Term

War relief

Relief Broader TermWars Related Term

War victims

Wars Related Term

WardensA person who, during an emergency,assumes control over a building and itsoccupants and is the prime contact with theappropriate emergency service.

Fire wardens Non-preferred Term

Warfare

Invasions Related TermAerial bombing Narrower TermBiological warfare Narrower TermChemical warfare Narrower TermNuclear warfare Narrower Term

Warning systems

Alarm systems Narrower TermCyclone warning systems Narrower TermDam failure warning systems Narrower TermEarly warning systems Narrower TermEarthquake warning systems Narrower TermFlood warning systems Narrower TermFlood warnings Narrower TermStorm warnings Narrower TermVehicle warning systems Narrower TermVolcanic eruptions Narrower Term

WarningsDissemination of messages signallingimminent hazard which may include adviceon protective measures.

Alarms Related TermAlerts Related TermDisaster Warnings Related TermFlood Warnings Narrower TermStorm warnings Narrower Term

Wars

War relief Related Term


109

War victims Related Term

Warships

Ships Broader Term

Waste disposal

Refuse disposal Non-preferred TermWastes Broader TermWaste management Related TermWaste products Related TermChemical industry waste

disposal Narrower TermRadioactive waste disposal Narrower Term

Waste disposal sites

Wastes Broader TermLandfill Related TermRadioactive waste sites Narrower Term

Waste managementThe total process of waste collection, fromits point of generation through to itstransportation, treatment, and finalacceptable disposal.

Wastes Broader TermWaste disposal Related TermWaste treatment Related Term

Waste products

Waste disposal Related Term

Waste treatment

Treatment Broader TermWaste management Related Term

Waste water

Water Related Term

Wastes

Refuse Non-preferred TermSewage Related TermBiological hazardous wastes Narrower TermMedical wastes Narrower TermRadioactive wastes Narrower TermToxic wastes Narrower TermWaste disposal Narrower TermWaste disposal sites Narrower TermWaste management Narrower Term

Water

Waste water Related TermWater bombing Related TermWater conservation Related TermWater curtains Related TermWater damage Related TermWater pollution Related TermWater quality Related TermWater rescue Related TermWater storage Related TermWater supply Related TermDrinking water Narrower Term

Water bombingDropping of large quantities of water fromthe air to assist in fire control.

Bombing, water Non-preferred TermAerial bombing Related TermAerial fire fighting Related TermWater Related Term

Water conservation

Water Related Term

Water curtains

Drenchers Related TermWater Related Term

Water damage

Flood damage Related TermWater Related TermDamage Broader Term

Water pollution

Pollution Broader TermEnvironmental impact Related TermSoil pollution Related TermWater Related Term

Water quality

Algae Related TermWater Related Term

Water rescue

Rescue operations Broader TermDrowning Related TermWater Related Term


110

Water storage

Storage Broader TermWater Related Term

Water supply

Water Related TermWells Related Term

Water tableIn an aquifer (a layer of rock which holdswater or allows water to percolate throughit), the upper limit of the portion of groundsaturated with water.

Hydrology Related Term

Water tanksContainers capable of storing a largevolume of water.

Tanks Related Term

Watershed

All land within the confines of a drainage divide.

Weapons

Chemical weapons Narrower Term

Weather

Fire weather Related TermMeteorological satellites Related TermWeather alerts Related TermWeather control Related TermWeather hazards Related TermWeather satellites Related Term

Weather alertsA warning broadcast on radio or television ofan approaching storm or gale, or of animpending cold change.

Alerts Broader TermWeather Related Term

Weather control

Weather Related Term

Weather forecasting

Forecasts Broader TermWeather forecasting Related TermLong range weather

forecasts Narrower Term

Weather hazards

Natural hazards Broader TermWeather Related TermCyclones Narrower TermFog Narrower TermFrost Narrower TermHurricanes Narrower TermLightning Narrower TermRain and rainfall Narrower TermStorms Narrower TermTornadoes Narrower TermTyphoons Narrower Term

Weather satellites

Weather Broader Term

Weirs

Barrages Related TermDams Related TermReservoirs Related Term

WelfareThe provision of immediate and continuingcare of emergency affected persons whomay be threatened, distressed,disadvantaged, homeless or evacuated;and, the maintenance of health, well-beingand prosperity of such persons with allavailable community resources until theirrehabilitation is achieved.

Disaster recovery Related TermWelfare services Related TermWelfare support Related Term

Welfare services

Emergency services Broader TermNon-profit organisations Related TermPublic welfare Related TermVoluntary organisations Related TermWelfare Related Term

Welfare support

Voluntary organisations Related TermWelfare Related TermDisaster welfare services Narrower TermPersonal support services Narrower Term


111

Wells

Water supply Related Term

Wetland management

Wetlands Broader Term

Wetlands

Wetland management Narrower Term

Wharves

Piers Related TermPorts Related Term

Wildfire control

Wildfires Broader Term

Wildfire fighters

Bush fire fighters Use

WildfiresUnplanned fire in vegetation.

Fires Broader TermBush fires Related TermGrass fires Narrower TermWildfire control Narrower Term

Wildlife

Animals Use

Wind damage

Damage Broader TermCyclone damage Related TermWinds Related Term

Wind forceA number on a Beaufort scalecorresponding to the effects produced bywinds within a range of speeds.

Beaufort scale Related TermWinds Related Term

Wind pressureThe total force exerted upon a surface bywind.

Winds Related Term

WindbreaksA barrier used to decrease the wind spread.

Wind storms Related Term

Winds

Gusts Related TermWind damage Related TermWind force Related TermWind pressure Related TermWindbreaks Related TermWindstorms Related TermGales Narrower Term

Windstorms

Storms Broader TermWinds Related Term

Witnesses

Evidence, expert Related Term

Workers

Emergency workers Related Term

Wounds and injuriesHarm of any kind done or sustained.

Injuries Broader termFirst aid Related TermInjury prevention Related TermAccidents, wounds andinjuries Narrower TermBlast injuries Narrower TermBurns and scalds Narrower TermCrush injuries Narrower TermDiving injuries Narrower TermSpinal cord injuries Narrower Term


112

ZonationThe division of an area, country, or regioninto zones according to its disasterincidence rate or intensity

Earthquake hazard analysis Related Term

Zone management

Zones Broader TermControl area Related Term

ZonesThe geographical area comprising two ormore regions.

Land use zoning Related TermCoastal zone management Narrower TermControl areas Narrower TermEmergency planning zones Narrower TermZone management Narrower Term

Zoning

Land use zoning Broader Term

ZoonosesDiseases transferred from animals tohumans.

Diseases Broader TermAnimal diseases Related TermExotic animal diseases Related TermQuarantine Related Term


113


114

Annex A

SUBDIVISION TERMS FOR USE WITH THESAURUS TERMS

Accidents

Administration

Age factors

Analysis

Assessment

Case studies

Casualties

Causes

Climatic factors

Commercial aspects

Consequences

Control

Coordination

Cultural aspects

Damage

Deaths

Decision making

Design and construction

Disposal

Diseases

Economic aspects

Environmental aspects

Equipment and supplies

Ethical aspects

Evacuation

Evaluation

Fatalities

Financial aspects

Fire control

Fires and fire protection

Forecasting

Geographic factors

Government policy

Guidelines

Health aspects

History

Human factors

Instruction and study

Investigation

International cooperation

In-service training

Law and legislation

Management

Measurement

Medical aspects

Meteorological factors

Methodology

Modelling

Natural disaster effects

Physiological aspects

Planning

Policy

Political aspects

Prevention

Procedures

Protection

Psychological aspects

Public opinion

Religious aspects

Research

Reports

Risk assessment

Safety

Safety measures

Scenarios

Security Measures

Simulations

Social aspects

Sociological aspects

Standards

Statistics

Storage

Study and teaching

Surveys

Technological aspects

Terminology

Training

Victims

www.ema.gov.au