Aurvedic Dosage Form

8/3/2019 Aurvedic Dosage Form

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Gadade Dipak

Dept. of Pharmaceutics,

Bhagwan College of Pharmacy,Aurangabad

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y Ayur (life) and veda (science or knowledge)

y Upaveda of Atharveda

y Ayurveda deals with

-herbs plants, anatomy and physiology of body and principles of

tretment of diseasesy Charaka samhita- Oldest text of Ayurveda edited from Agnivesh

Samhita by Charaka (Physician of Kanishka)

y Agnivesh- founder of medicine(diciple of Sage Atreya)

y Sushruta samhita- author Sushruta (Father of surgical medicine)

y Nagarjuna- App. Of chemistry, metallurgy & alchemy tomedicine (Philosopher, Physician and alchemist)

y He written Rasa-Ratnakar, Rasa-kachhaputa and Yoga Sataka

Charka

Sushruta Nagarjuna

Dhanwantari

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y Ayurveda is based on three fundamental principles

Panchamahabhuta Siddhanta

Tridosha theory

Rasa-Guna-Virya-Vipaka-Prabhava Siddhanta

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y Dosha means impurities

y Imbalance of doshas cause diseased state

Vata- Vayu &Akash- Chr: lightness & mobility balancedvata bring about by respiration and imbalace is bring bycold weather & vata quality dietPitta- Agni & Fire- Chr: hot,bright & acidic balancedpitta helps in digestion & energy production and inbalanceis caused by hot, spicy food & in summer

Kapha- Prithvi &Apa- Chr: Watery & heavy balancedkapha affords lubrication of joints & stability of body while

imbalance is by weeather, spring, heavy metal & too muchrest

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Important pharmacological principle of dravya or drug

These principles cover all chrs of drug

Rasa- Therapeutically active agent

Guna- Quality

Virya- Active principle by which potency ischaracterized

Vipaka- End product of digestionPrabhava- Actual therapeutic activity of drug

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y Tridosha- Dhatu- Mala Siddhanta

Dhatus: Rasa, Raktam, Mansa, Meda, Asthi, Majja,

shukra and oja

Mala: Purisha (Feaces), Mutra (Urine), Sweda (Sweat)

Triguna: Satva (Good), Raja (Aggressiveness), Tama

(Dullness)

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Procedures adopted for cleansing of body and mindaccumuladted waste

Snehan- Smoothnig of body with massage withantivatic sesame oil

Swedan- Steaming of body for removal of sweda andfor lightning

Vaman- Expulsion of Kapha dosha with largequantities of qwath (8 to 10 lit.)

Virechan- Expulsion of sputum with of Rechak DravyaBasti- Clansing of urino genital systm with medicatedenmas.

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Treatment of the disease consists in

avoiding causative factors responsible for disequilibrium of the body matrix through

the use ofPanchkarma procedures, medicines, suitable diet, activity and regimen for

restoring the balance and strengthening the body mechanisms to prevent or

minimize future occurrence of the disease.

Types ofTreatment : The treatment of disease can broadly be classified as

Shodhana therapy (Purification Treatment withpanchkarma)

Shamana therapy (Palliative Treatmentforreconstituionofhumor-doshas)

PathyaVyavastha (Prescription of diet and activity- dos and donts of diet )

NidanParivarjan (Avoidance of disease causing and aggravating factors)

Satvavajaya(Psychotherapy)

Rasayana therapy (use of immunomodulators and rejuvenation medicines)2/3/2012 9


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Sr. No. Types of Chikitsa Treatment

1 Kayachikitsa General Medicine

2 Shalakyatantra Opthalmology

3 Shalyatantra Surgery

4 Agada Tantra Toxicology

5 Rasayana Chikitsa Geriatrics

6 Vajeekaran Diseases of genital organs

7 Kumaryabhyatrya tantra Pediatrics

8 Bhutvidya Psychitrics

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An individuals mental and spiritual development as well ashis temperament is influenced by the quality of foodconsumed by him.

Food in human body is transformed first into chyle or Rasaand then successive processes involve its conversion intoblood, muscle, fat, bone, bone-marrow, reproductiveelements and ojas.

Thus, food is basic to all the metabolic transformations and

life activities. Lack of nutrients in food or impropertransformation of food lead to a variety of diseaseconditions.

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Powders Liquids Semisolids Solids

Churna Taila Kalka Vatika

Bhasma Asava Ghrita Gutika

Satva Arishta Malham Vati

Kshar Arka Avleha

Mandur Kwath Rasayoga

Parpati Hima

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Sr. Ayurvedic Drugs Type of formulation Uses

1 Arjunaristha Arishtha Heart Diseases

2 Khadirarishtha Arishtha Skin Diseases

3 Kumaryasava Asava Liver Tonic

4 Triphala churna Churna General tonic, Stomachic

5 Sitophaladi churna Churna Cough, Asthama

6 Parad bhasma Bhasma Antidiarrhoeal

7 Yasad bhasam Bhasma In eye diseases

8 Shatavari ghruta Ghruta Piles

9 Amrutprabha Vati Vati Indigestion

10 Medohar Vati Vati Hypolididemic

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Sr. Ayurvedic Drugs Type of formulation Uses

11 Dhananjaya Vati Vati In Cough

12 Chirayata Arka Arka Antipyretic

13 Kasturi Gutika Gutika Aphrodisiac

14 SarpagandhaChurnayog

Yog Heart diseases

15 Vidangasava Asava Antimicrobial

16 Adulasa Kshar Kshar Expectorant

17 ShankhapushpiSharbat

Sharbat Memory tonic

18 Dashmukha Qwath Qwath Ailments of Kapha & Vata

19 Balant Kadha Kadha For pregnant womensafter pregnancy

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Arishtha:

Mediacted weakalcoholic liquors prepared byfementation

Raw material: Veg. juices with honey or jaggery plants parts like roots, leaves & barks cut into pieces

and Decoction is prepared

Honey or jaggery is mixed with Decoction of drug

Fermentation is carried out for about 7to 10 days inhot condition and15 to 30 days in coldconditions.

eg. Arjurishtha, Khadirarishtha

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Asava

Mediacted alcoholic liquors prepared by fementation

Raw material: Veg. juices with honey or jaggery

plants parts like roots, leaves & barks cut into piecesand infusion is prepared

Honey or jaggery is mixed with infusion of drug

Fermentation is carried out for about 6months

generally used as stomachic, stimulant, tonic &astringent, etc.

Eg. Kumariasava,

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Vatika:

Decoction of crude drug is prepared and converted tosoft extrat to thick consitancy

It is mixed with powdered medicines, raw sugar,honey, gum, etc. to form pill mass

Pill mass is converted to pill pipe and pills are preparedfrom it to form vatika

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Churna:

Powdered mixtures of minerals, animal or vegetablesubstances prepared in morter-pestle

Powdered mixture then passed through cloth, linen orfine sieve.

Equal quantity of jaggery or double the quantity ofsugar is mixed with powdered mixture.

It is taken with milk, hot water or cows urine. Eg. Sitophaladi churna, Ashwagandha churna

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Tailas:

Medicated oils are prepared by boiling drugs in water,milk, or other liquids

Water is completely removed from preparation Tailas are generally used for external local application

some are also used internally

Eg. Nilgiri Taila (Eucalyptus Oil) ,

Til Taila (Sesame Oil)

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Ghrita

These are medicated ghees or clarified butter

Ghees or butter is heated on fire to remove water

Little turmeric juice is then added to purify it. Purified ghruta mixed with drug powder or decoction

of drug and heated in earthen pot, copper pot or ironpan to remove traces of water.

It is strained through cloth and preserved for use.

Used internally.

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Sushruta performing Surgery

4,000 years ago. Published byMNC Park Davies Drug company


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y Rangari, Pharmacognosy and Phytochemiistry, CareerPublication, Nasik. pp. 9-17.

y http://indianmedicine.nic.in

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Aurvedic Dosage Form